CN109687964B - Novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution - Google Patents
Novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN109687964B CN109687964B CN201910121110.6A CN201910121110A CN109687964B CN 109687964 B CN109687964 B CN 109687964B CN 201910121110 A CN201910121110 A CN 201910121110A CN 109687964 B CN109687964 B CN 109687964B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
- H04L9/08—Key distribution or management, e.g. generation, sharing or updating, of cryptographic keys or passwords
- H04L9/0816—Key establishment, i.e. cryptographic processes or cryptographic protocols whereby a shared secret becomes available to two or more parties, for subsequent use
- H04L9/0852—Quantum cryptography
- H04L9/0858—Details about key distillation or coding, e.g. reconciliation, error correction, privacy amplification, polarisation coding or phase coding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/70—Photonic quantum communication
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution.A range classifier of a sending end and a receiving end classifies screened data, and a data discrete processing unit of the receiving end performs discretization processing on the classified data and then transmits the discretized data to the sending end; the data discrete processing unit of the sending end performs discrete processing on the classified data according to the discrete data sent by the receiving end and then transmits the classified data to the discrete data storage unit; a syndrome calculation unit of the receiving end calculates to obtain syndrome data and sends the syndrome data to the sending end; a decoding calculation unit of the sending end performs decoding calculation to obtain a decoding result and transmits the decoding result to the receiving end; and the key recombination units of the sending end and the receiving end perform key recombination and integration on the decoding result data, and then transmit the data to the private key amplification unit to obtain final key data. The invention adopts a method of sectional error correction to improve the code rate of error correction, thereby improving the whole safe code rate and the decoding efficiency of the CV-QKD system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution.
Background
With the development of quantum computing technology, a classical cryptosystem based on computational complexity faces a significant potential safety hazard. Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a Key Distribution system based on the Quantum physical principle, has unconditional security, and has attracted extensive attention and research.
The Quantum Key Distribution technology is mainly divided into two types, namely Discrete Variable Quantum Key Distribution (DV-QKD) and Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD). Compared with DV-QKD, CV-QKD has the advantages of high potential code rate, no need of single-photon detector, good fusion with classical optical fiber communication network, etc., and is considered as a technical scheme with great application prospect.
For the CV-QKD system, in order to achieve that the receiver shares the same key with the sender, data negotiation through data post-processing is required. However, after a weak quantum signal is transmitted through a long-distance optical fiber, the signal-to-noise ratio is very low, so that the error rate of original data of a transmitting party and a receiving party of key distribution is very high, and error correction is extremely difficult, which is also a main technical bottleneck of the CV-QKD system.
Low-density parity-check codes (LDPC) are the mainstream technical means for realizing data negotiation of CV-QKD system. For CV-QKD, the code rate of the LDPC error correction matrix is limited because the signal-to-noise ratio of the quantum signal after being transmitted by the optical fiber is low. How to improve the code rate under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio so as to improve the safe code rate of quantum key transmission is an important technical problem for restricting the performance of the CV-QKD system.
Disclosure of Invention
To overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution is characterized in that information interaction and data processing of data processing modules of a sending end and a receiving end comprise the following processes:
firstly, a sending end and a receiving end obtain screening data with the same measuring base through a base comparison screening unit, and then transmit the screening data to respective amplitude classifiers;
step two, classifying the screened data by amplitude classifiers at the sending end and the receiving end, and then respectively transmitting the classification results to respective data discrete processing units;
step three, after the data discrete processing unit of the receiving end carries out discretization processing on the classified data, the discrete data are respectively transmitted to the transmitting end and a next-stage discrete data storage unit; the data discrete processing unit of the sending end carries out discrete processing on the classified data according to the discrete data sent by the receiving end and then transmits the discrete data to the next-stage discrete data storage unit;
fourthly, a syndrome calculation unit of the receiving end performs syndrome calculation according to the discrete data and the check matrix to obtain syndrome data and sends the syndrome data to the sending end; a decoding calculation unit of the sending end performs decoding calculation according to the discrete data, the check matrix and the check subdata, and then transmits decoding results to a receiving end and a next-stage decoding result data storage unit respectively;
fifthly, a secret key recombination unit of the sending end performs secret key recombination on the decoding result data and then transmits the data to a private key amplification unit; a key recombination unit at the receiving end integrates the discrete data according to the decoding result data and then transmits the integrated discrete data to a private key amplification unit;
and sixthly, the private key amplification units of the sending end and the receiving end determine the scaling according to the safety code rate of the actual system, so that the data output from the private key amplification units are matched with the safety code rate, and the final secret key data is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the invention provides an error correction scheme, which improves the code rate of error correction by fully utilizing the amplitude distribution characteristics of a CV-QKD signal and adopting a segmented error correction method, thereby improving the overall safe code rate and the decoding efficiency of a CV-QKD system.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a general system block diagram;
fig. 2 is a schematic frame diagram of a sender data processing module a;
fig. 3 is a functional block diagram of the receiving-end data processing module B.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 for the CV-QKD system. The sending end sends the signal to the receiving end through the signal sending module A, and simultaneously transmits the sent information to the data processing module A. The receiving end receives the signal sent from the sending end through the signal detection module B and transmits the signal to the data processing module B.
And the data processing module A performs data processing on the data transmitted by the signal transmitting module A and the information obtained by information interaction with the receiving end to obtain a secret key, and stores the secret key in the secret key storage module A.
And the data processing module B performs data processing on the data transmitted by the signal detection module B and the information obtained by information interaction with the transmitting end to obtain a secret key, and stores the secret key in the secret key storage module B.
The core of the invention lies in the information interaction and data processing design of the data processing module A and the data processing module B.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, for the data processing module, the transmitting end and the receiving end first obtain the data with the same measurement basis through the basis comparison screening unit, and transmit the data to the respective amplitude classifiers.
The amplitude classifier classifies the data screened by the screening unit according to the classification negotiation data AB, and respectively transmits the data to the corresponding data discrete processing units i according to the classification result.
In terms of classification, the transmitting end is classified into n types (for example, the amplitude falls in [0, a1) as the 1 st type, the amplitude falls in [ a1, a2) as the 2 nd type, …, the amplitude is greater than or equal to a _ n-1 as the nth type) according to the amplitude of the signal, and the receiving end is classified into n types (for example, the amplitude falls in [0, b1) as the 1 st type, the amplitude falls in [ b1, b2) as the 2 nd type, …, the amplitude is greater than or equal to b _ n-1 as the nth type) according to the amplitude of the signal. In order to ensure that the ith class corresponding to the transmitting end corresponds to the ith class of the receiving end, b1 and … b _ n-1 parameters of the receiving end can be adjusted through test data in a system debugging stage, so that the maximum probability is also located in the same ith interval when a signal located in the ith interval of the transmitting end is received by the receiving end through a channel, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the interval is stable as much as possible. In actual operation, the receiving end classifies the data according to the parameters b1, … and b _ n-1 obtained in the debugging stage, and sends the classification coordination data to the sending end, and the amplitude classifier of the sending end classifies the data according to the received classification negotiation data.
A data discrete processing unit i at a receiving end carries out discretization processing on the data transmitted by the amplitude classifier, for example, segmented discretization or multidimensional negotiation discretization and the like can be adopted, then the discretized data is transmitted to a discrete data storage unit i, and the discretization negotiation data B is transmitted to a transmitting end; and the data discrete processing unit i of the sending end carries out discretization processing on the data transmitted by the amplitude classifier according to the discretization negotiation data B, and transmits the discretized data to the discrete data storage unit i.
The receiving end, the syndrome computing unit i, through carrying on syndrome computation to the information that the storage element i of the check matrix of information and information that the storage element i of the discrete data transmits, receive the syndrome i, and send to the sending end; and a decoding calculation unit i of the sending end performs decoding calculation according to the discretization data transmitted by the discretization data storage unit, the check matrix stored by the check matrix storage unit i and the check subdata transmitted from the receiving end, stores the data into the data storage unit i according to a decoding result and sends the decoding result to the receiving end.
And the sending end key recombination unit performs key recombination on the data in the data storage unit according to the decoding result and then transmits the data to the private key amplification unit, and the private key amplification unit determines the scaling according to the safety code rate of the actual system so that the data output from the private key amplification unit is matched with the safety code rate to obtain the final key data.
And the receiving end key recombination unit integrates the data of the discrete data storage unit according to the decoding result data sent by the sending end, and then transmits the data to the private key amplification unit to obtain final key data.
Claims (5)
1. A novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution is characterized in that: the information interaction and data processing of the data processing modules of the sending end and the receiving end comprise the following processes:
firstly, a sending end and a receiving end obtain screening data with the same measuring base through a base comparison screening unit, and then transmit the screening data to respective amplitude classifiers;
step two, classifying the screened data by amplitude classifiers at the sending end and the receiving end, and then respectively transmitting the classification results to respective data discrete processing units;
step three, after the data discrete processing unit of the receiving end carries out discretization processing on the classified data, the obtained discrete data 1 are respectively transmitted to the transmitting end and a next-stage discrete data storage unit; the data discrete processing unit of the sending end carries out discrete processing on the classified data according to the discrete data 1 sent by the receiving end, and then transmits the obtained discrete data 2 to the next-stage discrete data storage unit;
fourthly, a syndrome calculation unit of the receiving end performs syndrome calculation according to the discrete data 1 and the check matrix to obtain syndrome data and sends the syndrome data to the sending end; a decoding calculation unit of the sending end performs decoding calculation according to the discrete data 2, the check matrix and the check subdata, and then transmits decoding results to a receiving end and a next-stage decoding result data storage unit respectively;
fifthly, a secret key recombination unit of the sending end performs secret key recombination on the decoding result data and then transmits the data to a private key amplification unit; a key recombination unit at the receiving end integrates the discrete data 1 according to the decoding result data and then transmits the integrated discrete data to a private key amplification unit;
and sixthly, the private key amplification units of the sending end and the receiving end determine the scaling according to the safety code rate of the actual system, so that the data output from the private key amplification units are matched with the safety code rate, and the final secret key data is obtained.
2. A method as claimed in claim 1The novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution is characterized in that: when classifying, the amplitude classifier of the sending end classifies the screening data into n types according to the amplitude of the signal, wherein: the amplitude falls within [0, a ]1) Interval is class 1, amplitude falls in [ a ]1,a2) Class 2, …, the amplitude falls within [ a ]n-1,an) Is the nth class; the amplitude classifier of the receiving end divides the screening data into n types according to the amplitude of the signal, wherein: the amplitude falls within [0, b ]1) Interval is class 1, amplitude falls in [ b ]1,b2) Class 2, …, the amplitude falls in [ bn-1,bn) Is of the nth class.
3. The novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution according to claim 2, characterized in that: adjusting parameter b of receiving end through test data in system debugging stage1，b2，…，bnWhen a signal in the ith interval of the transmitting terminal passes through a channel and is received by a receiving terminal, the signal is also in the ith interval, wherein i is 1,2, …, n; in actual operation, the amplitude classifier of the receiving end obtains the parameter b according to the debugging stage1，b2，…，bnThe data are classified and the classified negotiation data are sent to the sending end, and an amplitude classifier of the sending end classifies the data according to the received classified negotiation data.
4. A novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution according to claim 3, characterized in that: the number of the data discrete processing units, the discrete data storage units, the check matrix storage units, the decoding calculation units, the decoding result data storage units, the syndrome calculation units and the syndrome data storage units of the receiving end and the transmitting end is n.
5. The novel data coordination method for continuous variable quantum key distribution according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method for carrying out discretization processing on data by the data discretization processing units of the receiving end and the transmitting end comprises segmented discretization or multidimensional negotiation discretization.
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| CN110808828B (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2022-03-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Multi-matrix self-adaptive decoding device and method for quantum key distribution |
| CN113839779B (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Private key amplification processing method, device, equipment and storage medium based on FHT |
| CN114629638B (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2023-06-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Multidimensional negotiation simplifying method and device suitable for continuous variable quantum key distribution |
| CN114884658B (en) * | 2022-05-13 | 2024-04-02 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Encryption data negotiation method, device and data post-processing system of discrete modulation CV-QKD |
| CN115348010A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-11-15 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Method and system suitable for eliminating residual error code in continuous variable quantum key distribution |
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