CN109687839A - Active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter - Google Patents
Active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109687839A CN109687839A CN201811541370.0A CN201811541370A CN109687839A CN 109687839 A CN109687839 A CN 109687839A CN 201811541370 A CN201811541370 A CN 201811541370A CN 109687839 A CN109687839 A CN 109687839A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
- H03H11/00—Networks using active elements
- H03H11/02—Multiple-port networks
- H03H11/16—Networks for phase shifting
Abstract
The invention discloses active passive mixed type microwave phase shifters, are related to phase shift chip, belong to the technical field of basic electronic circuit.The active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter includes passive phase shifting part, active phase shifting part and digital control section, active phase shifting part and passive phase shifting part carry out big displacement phase and thin tail sheep phase under the control of digital control part, both the defect of existing passive structure and active structure can have been evaded, it again can flexible allocation jayrator according to demand, domain flexible arrangement, it is simple to control signal, chip integration is high, it can be widely applied in microwave and millimeter wave phased array chip, have a good application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention discloses active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter, be related to the radio frequency of microelectronics and Solid State Electronics with it is micro-
Wave IC design field, and in particular to a kind of digital phase shift circuit of microwave frequency band belongs to the technology of basic electronic circuit
Field.
Background technique
Phased array is widely used in next generation wireless communication and radar, in recent years, the phased array core based on silicon-based technology
Piece becomes research hotspot both domestic and external.The development of ultra wide band active phased array technology constantly proposes the requirement that antenna beam controls
Height, the key component High-precision Microwave millimeter phase-shifter of ultra wide band active phased array technology attracted it is more and more concern and
Research.
Phase shifter is a kind of two-port network for being mainly used for controlling the phase of radio frequency and microwave transmission signal.Half
Conductor phase shifter prepares the change of semiconductor phase shifter frequently with passive structures such as switching network type, electric bridge reflection-type, switch line styles
Close object semiconductor technology relevant application at home and abroad comparative maturity；The time that active Vector modulation structure proposes is relatively
In evening, kwang-Jin Koh and the Gabriel M.Rebeiz in the branch school of California, USA university San Diego in 2007, which first proposed, to be adopted
With the complete design method of 4 active phase shifters of Vector modulation principle, standard silicon of the structure particularly suitable for high integration
Base technique, active Vector modulation phase-shift structure is increasingly used in the design of phased array chip later.
The main performance index of phase shifter includes: 1) working band；2) phase shift range；3) phase shifting accuracy；4) insertion loss；
5) input and output standing-wave ratio；6) power is born.The phase shift that passive structures are needed by switching passive network, it usually needs
Each jayrator is cascaded to realize the high-precision digital phase shifter of multidigit, but traction causes to be not easy to set mutually between every
Meter, and integrated level is low, loss is big, and chip occupying area is big.Width of the active Vector modulation structure to the orthogonal signalling of required synthesis
Degree and phase equalization are more demanding, and the active vector compounding phase shifter design difficulty of high frequency especially millimeter wave is big, particularly,
In thin tail sheep phase it is quite sensitive to the ghost effect on the road I and the road Q, realize that the phase shift of multidigit high-precision is also more difficult, and one
As active Vector modulation phase-shift structure the linearity it is lower.
Therefore, using passive structures and active structure, it is based particularly on silicon-based technology design multidigit millimeter phase-shifter all
It is more difficult.It needs to comprehensively consider indices requirement in actual design, selects active or passive phase-shift structure, further urgently
A kind of compact active passive hybrid architecture is needed to realize multidigit High-precision Microwave millimeter wave digital phase shifter.
For the defect of active phase shifter and passive phase shifter, has the phase shift for combining active and passive structures at present
Device.Application No. is the patent of 2017111442305 entitled " based on active and passive 5 bit phase shifters of X-band combined " (west
Pacify University of Electronic Science and Technology, Li Zhenrong etc.) propose a kind of 5 bit phase shifter of X-band, as shown in figure 11, using switched-filter structure
Realize that 45 °, 22.5 ° and 11.25 ° thin tail sheep phases, rear class are generated by active balun, differential buffers and orthogonal signal generator
Positive and negative two in-phase signals and positive and negative two orthogonal signalling, use four select a switching circuit to switch this four roads signal and realize 90 ° of steps
Into big displacement phase.The circuit combines active and passive phase-shift structure, is realized by switched-filter structure 45 ° below small
It is displaced phase, but the number of filter increases with the raising of phase shift bit requirements, insertion loss becomes larger, and chip area also becomes
Greatly.A switching circuit is selected to switch the big displacement phase that four road signals realize 90 ° of steppings using four, other three roads signal path also consumes
Can, and circuit phase-shifted control signal is complicated, is not easy Xiang Genggao phase shift Bits Expanding.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the deficiency of above-mentioned background technique, provides active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter, makes full use of
The high-gain of the high linearity of passive phase shift and active phase shift is subject to simply to control signal on compact circuit layout
Realize the phase shift of multidigit high-precision, the circuit layout for solving existing active passive mixing phase shifter increases with the increase of phase shift digit
Big and phase-shifted control signal complexity technical problem.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that for achieving the above object.
Active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter provided by the invention includes passive phase shifting part, active phase shifting part sum number
Word control section.
Passive phase shifting part includes one or more levels passive jayrator, and passive jayrator is defeated comprising phase controlling end, microwave
Enter end and output end, for carrying out corresponding phase to the microwave signal that microwave input port accesses according to the control signal at phase controlling end
The phase shift of position.Active phase shifting part includes single-ended transfer difference balun, orthogonal signal generator, Vector modulation adder, difference turn
Single-ended balun.Single-ended transfer difference balun include single ended input microwave port and difference output microwave port, direct current biasing port and
Grounding ports realize passive phase shifting part for the microwave signal of single ended input being converted into the microwave signal of difference form
It is matched with the interstage port of active phase shifting part, direct current biasing port is for providing required DC offset voltage.Orthogonal signalling
Generator includes differential signal input and orthogonal output end, and the differential signal for exporting single-ended transfer difference balun switchs to four
The orthogonal microwave signal of road constant amplitude.Vector modulation adder includes orthogonal signalling input terminal, synthesis differential signal outputs and arrow
Amount synthesis control terminal, for the microwave letter orthogonal in the Vector modulation instruction tetra- tunnel constant amplitude of Hou Dui for receiving digital control part transmission
It number is synthesized to obtain the difference microwave signal after big displacement phase.It includes Differential Input microwave port, list that difference, which turns single-ended balun,
End output microwave port, direct current biasing port and grounding ports, the difference microwave signal for exporting Vector modulation adder
It is exported after switching to single-ended microwave signal, realizes the interstage port matching of active phase shifting part and output port, direct current biasing end
Mouth is for providing required DC offset voltage.Active phase shifting part realizes the big displacements phases such as 180 ° of positions, 90 ° of positions and 45 ° of positions.
Digital control part includes one group of input signal end and two groups of output signal ends, one in two groups of output signal ends
Group is connected with the phase controlling end of the passive phase shifting part, the vector conjunction of another group and the vector signal adder
It is connected at control terminal.Digital control part includes decoding circuit and driving switch and current mirror D/A converting circuit, decoding electricity
The control signal of the input termination input on road, decoding circuit will control signal and be converted to the control signal of passive phase shifting part and have
The control signal of source phase shifting part, the control signal of the input termination decoding circuit output of driving switch, driving switch output are mutual
The control instruction for the passive phase shifting part mended, complementary quadrant selection instruction, complementary orthogonal control instruction.
Preferably, passive phase shifting part realized using simplified double-T shaped filtering phase shifter structure comprising 11.25 ° of positions and
The thin tail sheeps phase such as 5.625 ° of positions.
Preferably, single-ended transfer difference balun is realized by passive coupling line or active circuit.
Preferably, orthogonal signal generator is realized by passive RLC network or passive coupling line.
Preferably, difference turns single-ended balun and passes through passive coupling line or active circuit realization.
The present invention by adopting the above technical scheme, has the advantages that
(1) active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter disclosed by the invention has been built based on existing passive phase shifter and active shifting
The framework of the hybrid microwave phase shifter of phase device, after doing simple calculations using control signal of the digital control part to input
The control signal of passive part and active part is obtained, flexible allocation passive part and active part can be required according to phase shifting accuracy
Jayrator, the combination of flexible allocation phase shift digit and displacement phase, phase-shifting amplitude-modulated small, precision is high.
(2) the active phase shifting part of mixed type microwave phase shifter disclosed by the invention and passive phase shifting part utilize member between grade
Part realizes matching, and domain flexible arrangement is compact-sized, and circuit layout does not expand with the raising of phase shift bit requirements.
(3) active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter disclosed by the invention, passive phase shifting part is using simplified double-T shaped filter
Wave phase shifter structure, active part using active Vector modulation structure realize big displacement phase, using passive part linearity height with
And the advantages of active part high gain, it can neatly optimize the performances such as input power and noise according to application demand, compared to
Meet the mixed type microwave phase shifter of phase shift bit requirements, mixed type microwave disclosed in the present application by increasing passive filtering device
Phase shifter chip area is small, insertion loss is small, realizes that the mixed type of big displacement phase is micro- compared to using switching circuit switching circuit
Wave phase shifter, mixed type microwave circuit energy consumption disclosed in the present application are small.
(4) active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter disclosed by the invention, passes through integrated digital decoding circuit and current mirror
D/A converting circuit realizes digital control part, and control signal is simple, externally forms general-purpose interface, and chip integration is high.
In general, active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter provided by the invention evades existing passive structure and active
The defect of structure, can flexible allocation jayrator according to demand, domain flexible arrangement, control signal is simple, and chip integration is high, knot
Structure is compact, high-precision Multi-bit phase shifter may be implemented in microwave and millimeter wave frequency range, while input power and noiseproof feature are moderate,
It can be widely applied in microwave and millimeter wave phased array chip, there is versatility, there is preferable application prospect.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter disclosed by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the circuit topology figure of passive phase shifting part in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 3 is the three dimensional structure diagram that difference turns single-ended balun in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 4 is the circuit topology figure of orthogonal signal generator in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 5 is the circuit topology figure of Vector modulation adder in the embodiment of the present invention one.
Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b), Fig. 6 (c) are decoding circuit in the embodiment of the present invention one, driving switch, current mirror number respectively
The circuit topology figure of analog conversion circuit.
Fig. 7 is the circuit topology figure of passive phase shifting part in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 8 is single-ended transfer difference balun circuit topological diagram in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Fig. 9 is orthogonal signal generator circuit topology figure in the embodiment of the present invention two.
Figure 10 (a), Figure 10 (b) are that the circuit of decoding circuit and current mirror D/A converting circuit is opened up in the embodiment of the present invention two
Flutter figure.
Figure 11 is existing based on active and passive 5 bit phase shifter of X-band combined.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, it should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this
It invents rather than limits the scope of the invention, after having read the present patent application file, those skilled in the art are to this hair
The modification of bright various equivalent forms falls within the range that the claim of this application item is limited.
First exemplary embodiment of the invention: 5.625 ° of stepping of 6 mixed type microwave phase shifters are realized
As shown in Figure 1, active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter includes passive phase shifting part, active phase shifting part and digital control
Part.
The double-T shaped LC switch filtering network that passive phase shifter is simplified using two-stage as shown in Figure 2 realizes 11.25 ° respectively
With 5.625 ° of thin tail sheep phase.
As shown in figure 3, single-ended transfer difference balun is made of the thick metal layers 1 and thick metal layers 2 coupled up and down, comprising: poor
Divide output microwave port 1, difference output microwave port 2 and single ended input microwave port, direct current biasing end and ground terminal.Fig. 3 institute
Showing single-ended transfer difference balun only is that the present invention is given an example, and those skilled in the art can select single according to actual design demand
The layer metal of slip decibar human relations, wire-wound inductor is held to couple series, line width, wire-wound inductor shape.
Orthogonal signal generator uses passive RLC network implementations as shown in Figure 4, the difference output of single-ended transfer difference balun
Microwave port is connected with the input port of orthogonal signal generator, and orthogonal signal generator exports the orthogonal microwave of four tunnel constant amplitudes
Signal.
Vector modulation adder realizes that three layers of metal-oxide-semiconductor of stacking divide using double flat weighing apparatus gilbert's structure as shown in Figure 5
It is not quadrant selection controlled stage, I/Q controlled stage and microwave signal transconductance stage, the four tunnel orthogonal signalling output of orthogonal signal generator
End is connect with the grid of microwave signal transconductance stage No. four input pipe, using the direct current biasing port of single-ended transfer difference balun to vector
No. four input pipes for synthesizing adder transconductance stage provide DC offset voltage.
Digital control part includes decoding circuit shown in Fig. 6 (a), shown in driving switch, Fig. 6 (c) shown in Fig. 6 (b)
Current mirror D/A converting circuit, 6 control signals of input are converted to by two groups of control signals, one group of control by decoding circuit
Signal processed is used to control the thin tail sheep phase that passive phase shifting part realizes 11.25 ° and 5.625 °, and another group of control signal is for controlling
The big jayrator of 22 ° of steppings is realized in the quadrant selection of vector signal adder with I/Q ratio.With passive phase shift 2 and active
For phase shift 4 are realized 6 displacement phases, 6 control signal D6 to D1 obtain the selection control of vector summer quadrant by decoding circuit
Signal SI and SQ processed, current mirror digital analog converter control signal S0, S1 and S2, passive phase shift portion dividing control signal S00, S01, then
Each control signal is handled using driving switch and obtains the control instruction S00(P/N of complementary passive phase shifting part) and S01(P/N),
Complementary quadrant selection instruction SI(P/N) and orthogonal control instruction S0(P/N SQ(P/N), complementary), S1(P/N) and S2(P/
N).
Second exemplary embodiment of the invention: 1.4 ° of stepping of 8 mixed type microwave phase shifters are realized
Passive phase shifter part use three-level shown in Fig. 7 simplify T-type LC switching network, respectively realize 5.625 °, 2.8 ° and
1.4 ° of thin tail sheep phase.
As shown in figure 8, single-ended transfer difference balun is realized by the activated amplifier of single ended input difference output, microwave signal
The ground level of the first HBT pipe N1 and the ground level of the 4th HBT pipe N4 are inputted, it is total that the first HBT pipe N1 and the first HBT pipe N2 constitute cascode
Base circuit, the 3rd HBT pipe N3 and the 3rd HBT pipe N4 constitute transmitting and follow circuit, export the signal of constant amplitude reverse phase.The reality of Fig. 8
Only as one example, according to actual design demand, single-ended transfer difference balun can choose to be realized example with metal-oxide-semiconductor for present invention institute.
As shown in figure 9, orthogonal signal generator is realized using 1/4 wave coupled-line.The example of Fig. 9 is only institute of the present invention
It gives an example, according to actual design demand, orthogonal signal generator can choose different layers metal, different wire-wound inductor couplings
Series, different line widths, different wire-wound inductor shapes.
Embodiment two uses Vector modulation adder as shown in Figure 5, using decoding circuit shown in Figure 10 (a) and Fig. 6 (b)
Current mirror D/A converting circuit shown in shown driving switch and Figure 10 (b) realizes digital control part, and passing through decoding circuit will
8 control signals of input, which are converted to, generates two groups of control signals, and one group of control signal is used to control the phase of passive phase shifting part
Realize 5.625 °, 2.8 ° and 1.4 ° of thin tail sheep phase, the quadrant selection of another group of control vector signal adder and I/Q ratio with
Realize the big jayrator of 11.25 ° of steppings.By taking passive phase shift 3 and active phase shift 5 are realized 8 displacement phases as an example, 8 control letters
Number D8 to D1 obtains the selection control of vector summer quadrant signal SI and SQ by decoding circuit, current mirror digital analog converter controls
Signal S0, S1, S2, S3 and S4, passive phase shift portion dividing control signal S00, S01 and S02, then each control is handled using driving switch
Signal obtains the control instruction S00(P/N of complementary passive phase shifting part) and S01(P/N) and S02(P/N), complementary quadrant choosing
Select instruction SI(P/N) and orthogonal control instruction S0(P/N SQ(P/N), complementary), S1(P/N), S2(P/N), S3(P/N), S4
(P/N).
Above two example is only two kinds of high-precision phase shifters, those skilled in the art achieved by technical solution of the present invention
Can be according to the requirement of phase shift digit, neatly combination of the combination with phase shift digit and displacement phase, and then realize other high-precisions
Phase shifter.
Claims (7)
1. active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter, characterized by comprising:
Passive phase shifting part, input termination input port, exports after carrying out thin tail sheep phase to the microwave signal of input,
Active phase shifting part, input terminate the output end of passive phase shifting part, output termination output port, to passive phase shift
The microwave signal of part output exports after carrying out big displacement phase, and,
Digital control part inputs termination control signal, and one side output terminates the control terminal of passive phase shifting part, another
Side exports the control terminal for being terminated with source phase shifting part, exports the control instruction of passive phase shifting part, exports active phase shifting part
Control instruction.
2. active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the active phase shift portion subpackage
It includes:
Single-ended transfer difference balun, single-ended input port connect microwave signal, output difference microwave signal,
Orthogonal signal generator, the difference output end of differential input end order end slip decibar human relations, four tunnel constant amplitudes of output are orthogonal
Microwave signal,
Vector modulation adder, the output end of orthogonal signalling input termination orthogonal signal generator, control termination number control
The output end of part processed, differential signal outputs export the difference microwave signal after big displacement phase, and,
Difference turns single-ended balun, and Differential Input terminates the output end of Vector modulation adder, after received big displacement phase
Microwave signal exports after switching to single-ended microwave signal.
3. wanting the 2 active passive mixed type microwave phase shifters according to right, which is characterized in that the Vector modulation adder is
Double flat weighing apparatus gilbert's structure, comprising:
Microwave signal transconductance stage, the output end of input termination orthogonal signal generator, is referred to by quadrant selection instruction and I/Q control
The orthogonal microwave signal of tetra- tunnel constant amplitude of Ling Dui synthesizes to obtain the difference microwave signal after big displacement phase；
Quadrant selects controlled stage, the current output terminal of input termination microwave signal transconductance stage, and control terminates digital control portion
Dividing the complementary quadrant selection instruction of output, gating exports the electric current of respective quadrants current mirror, and,
I/Q controlled stage, the current output terminal of input termination quadrant selection controlled stage, control terminate digital control part output
I/Q control instruction, export the road I electric current and the road Q electric current.
4. active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the digital control part packet
It includes:
Decoding circuit inputs termination control signal, exports the control of the control signal and active phase shifting part of passive phase shifting part
Signal processed,
Driving switch, input terminate the control signal of passive phase shifting part differential input end, export complementary passive phase shift portion
The control instruction divided is believed to the control terminal of passive phase shifting part or, the quadrant that its input is terminated with source phase shifting part selects to control
Number, complementary quadrant selection instruction is exported, or, its input is terminated with the Quadrature control signals of source phase shifting part, exports complementation
Orthogonal control instruction,
Current mirror D/A converting circuit, the complementary orthogonal control instruction of input termination, output I/Q control electric current.
5. active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the microwave signal transconductance stage
In the DC offset voltage of each input pipe provided by the direct current biasing port of single-ended transfer difference balun, the double flat weighs gilbert
The supply voltage of structure is provided by the direct current biasing port that difference turns single-ended balun.
6. active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the single-ended transfer difference balun
Turning single-ended balun with difference is passive coupling line or active circuit.
7. active passive mixed type microwave phase shifter according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the orthogonal signal generator
For passive RLC network or passive coupling line.
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| CN110212887A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-09-06 | 南京汇君半导体科技有限公司 | A kind of radio frequency active phase shifter structure |
| CN111082773A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-28 | 扬州海科电子科技有限公司 | X/Ku wave band amplitude-phase control transceiver chip |
| CN112104338A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-12-18 | 西安交通大学 | 7-bit high-precision broadband active phase shifter for radio frequency/millimeter wave frequency band and application |
| CN112688664A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-04-20 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Broadband six-bit MMIC numerical control phase shifter |
| CN113783550A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2021-12-10 | 成都明夷电子科技有限公司 | High-precision numerical control phase shifter for K wave band and phase shifting method thereof |
| WO2023045541A1 (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-30 | 深圳飞骧科技股份有限公司 | Active phase shifter, phased array device, and chip |
| WO2023245497A1 (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | 上海捷士太通讯技术有限公司 | Broadband lc balun |
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| CN107863949A (en) * | 2017-11-17 | 2018-03-30 | 西安电子科技大学 | Based on the active and passive bit phase shifter of X-band 5 being combined |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110212887A (en) * | 2019-04-28 | 2019-09-06 | 南京汇君半导体科技有限公司 | A kind of radio frequency active phase shifter structure |
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| CN111082773A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-04-28 | 扬州海科电子科技有限公司 | X/Ku wave band amplitude-phase control transceiver chip |
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| CN112104338A (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2020-12-18 | 西安交通大学 | 7-bit high-precision broadband active phase shifter for radio frequency/millimeter wave frequency band and application |
| CN112104338B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2023-07-14 | 西安交通大学 | 7-bit high-precision broadband active phase shifter for radio frequency/millimeter wave frequency band and application |
| CN112688664A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-04-20 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | Broadband six-bit MMIC numerical control phase shifter |
| WO2023045541A1 (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-03-30 | 深圳飞骧科技股份有限公司 | Active phase shifter, phased array device, and chip |
| CN113783550A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2021-12-10 | 成都明夷电子科技有限公司 | High-precision numerical control phase shifter for K wave band and phase shifting method thereof |
| WO2023245497A1 (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2023-12-28 | 上海捷士太通讯技术有限公司 | Broadband lc balun |
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| CN109687839B (en) | 2022-08-19 |
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