CN109687540A - A kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply - Google Patents

A kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109687540A
CN109687540A CN201910142325.6A CN201910142325A CN109687540A CN 109687540 A CN109687540 A CN 109687540A CN 201910142325 A CN201910142325 A CN 201910142325A CN 109687540 A CN109687540 A CN 109687540A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
circuit
voltage
energy
power supply
electric wire
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN201910142325.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
严冬
程杰
张佳佳
王平
李玉良
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Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
Original Assignee
Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications filed Critical Chongqing University of Post and Telecommunications
Priority to CN201910142325.6A priority Critical patent/CN109687540A/en
Publication of CN109687540A publication Critical patent/CN109687540A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H02J5/005
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/24Magnetic cores
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/34Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
    • H01F27/346Preventing or reducing leakage fields
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28Current transformers
    • H01F38/30Constructions
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H02J50/12Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling of the resonant type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01FMAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F38/00Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
    • H01F38/20Instruments transformers
    • H01F38/22Instruments transformers for single phase ac
    • H01F38/28Current transformers
    • H01F38/30Constructions
    • H01F2038/305Constructions with toroidal magnetic core

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electric wire magnetic field energys to acquire power supply; electric power management circuit including design optimization and rear end for taking energy coil magnetic core is mainly made of taking energy coil, matching protection circuit, rectification circuit, energy storage circuit, voltage monitoring and control circuit and voltage-stabilizing output circuit;Energy is obtained by taking energy coil, by matching capacitance, improves output power, then rectification circuit is delivered the power to, directly to energy storage circuit after rectification, the charging and discharging of energy storage circuit is controlled by voltage monitoring and control circuit, finally provides electric energy for load.When wire current is the low current of 2A, draw-out power supply can be load normal power supply.

Description

A kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric wire magnetic field energys to acquire power supply, takes taking for energy efficiency can magnetic more particularly to a kind of raising Cored structure improves the match circuit and electric power management circuit of output power.
Background technique
In recent years, wireless sensor network has obtained widely answering in fields such as Internet of Things, smart home, intelligence manufactures With more and more wireless sensor nodes are used for the measurement such as environmental monitoring, such as temperature, humidity, wind speed and smog.Tradition On, wireless sensor node generallys use battery power supply, by battery limited energy limit, needs artificial periodic maintenance replacement electricity Pond, this is greatly increased cost of labor and Material Cost, is especially difficult to the occasion reached in the manpowers such as dangerous, remote.It is logical It crosses and converts electromagnetic energy into electric energy for wireless sensor node power supply, for being inconvenient to replace battery, needing answering for long term monitoring With occasion, the energy supply problem of electronic equipment in sensing network can be efficiently solved.
In view of the electromagnetic energy that alternating current wires generate is widely distributed in family, workshop, electric system etc., and it is more steady It is fixed.Wire current, temperature etc. are that Electrical Safety monitoring is major parameter again, and because of reasons such as agings temperature liter may occur for electric wire Height or even the accidents such as on fire.Therefore, for smart home, intelligence manufacture and smart grid, being collected by energy collecting device will be handed over Electromagnetic energy around galvanic electricity line is sensor power supply, monitors the environmental aspect around electric wire, becomes optimal selection.
Summary of the invention
In consideration of it, the present invention provides a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply, the technical solution adopted is as follows:
The present invention includes taking energy coil, matching protection circuit, rectification circuit, energy storage circuit, voltage monitoring and control Circuit and voltage-stabilizing output circuit, wherein the primary side of the taking energy coil be electric wire, the secondary side of taking energy coil with match protect Circuit connection, matching protection circuit is in parallel with rectification circuit, and the output end of rectification circuit is connected with energy storage circuit, and energy is deposited The output end on storage road is connected with voltage-stabilizing output circuit again, and the output end and voltage-stabilizing output circuit of voltage monitoring and control circuit connect It connects, the input terminal of voltage monitoring and control circuit is connect with energy storage circuit, another output of voltage monitoring and control circuit It holds and matches protection circuit connection;
The matching protects circuit that circuit is protected not to be burned when high current, and improves taking energy coil output work Rate;Exchange is become direct current by the rectification circuit;The voltage monitoring and control circuit are used to monitor the electricity of energy storage circuit It presses whether within a preset range, to control the not super preset range of energy storage circuit;The voltage-stabilizing output circuit is for being depressured it It is afterwards load supplying.
Further, magnetic core is for obtaining AC energy, by designing its structure, Lai Tigao coil output power.For convenience Installation, it is necessary to have opening, gap after closure or this can cause magnetic leakage, for improve take can efficiency, reduce leakage field, Design uses jagged opening mode, and effect is reduced between two magnetic cores in the case where not changing the volume of magnetic core Magnetic leakage caused by gap improves magnetic induction intensity, reduces leakage field, and its leakage field can be with the increase of sawtooth length, leakage field meeting It is fewer and fewer, the output power of taking energy coil is improved with this.Sawtooth length is 1-2 times of magnetic core width.The taking energy coil With closed magnetic core, the closed magnetic core is composed of at least two magnetic core blocks, and the both ends of the magnetic core block are zigzag, and two The sawtooth of a magnetic core block junction is complementary, keeps the connection of two magnetic core blocks smooth.
Further, the matching protection circuit includes resonant matching circuit and protection circuit, and resonant matching circuit is connection Capacitor at taking energy coil secondary side both ends, the output power of taking energy coil can be improved in resonant matching circuit, by circuit Capacitor matching is carried out, makes circuit that resonance occur, the resonance circuit uses series resonance, improves coil output power. The protection circuit is made of transient supression diode TVS and varistor, after the diode TVS is in parallel with varistor, It is connect with the secondary side both ends of taking energy coil.To prevent circuit from overvoltage impact occurs, when voltage is more than diode Clamping voltages, Taking energy coil short circuit is protected back-end circuit by diode breakdown, and when voltage restores normal, circuit restores to work normally.
Further, the rectification circuit selects full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.
Further, the energy storage circuit selects the super capacitor of 0.47F, pressure voltage 5.5V.
Further, the voltage monitoring and control circuit are made of hysteresis comparator and two-way switch, hysteresis comparator Backward end accesses reference voltage (voltage comparator reference voltage), and the forward end and energy storage circuit of hysteresis comparator connect It connects, the output end of hysteresis comparator and one end of two-way switch connect, and the other end of two-way switch is connect with voltage-stabilizing output circuit. Hysteresis comparator is made of voltage comparator plus positive feedback resistor, is carried out by voltage comparator to super capacitor both end voltage Monitoring, when super-capacitor voltage, which reaches, visits voltage limit, control two-way switch conducting, by output winding (namely taking energy coil, The i of Fig. 22Position) short circuit, stop charging to super capacitor, when super capacitor reaches lower threshold voltage, control two-way opened shutdown It opens, is further continued for as super capacitor charging, setting high voltage threshold values is 5V, and low-voltage threshold values is 4.7V, and comparator is from tape base Quasi- voltage, by resistors match, makes the small 1uA of overall current without externally supplying reference voltage.
Further, the two-way switch is constituted using the enhanced metal-oxide-semiconductor of two N-channels, the output end of hysteresis comparator with The grid connection of two metal-oxide-semiconductors, the source electrode connect and ground of two metal-oxide-semiconductors, the drain electrode of two metal-oxide-semiconductors, which is connected respectively to, takes energy line The second siding ring of circle, taking energy coil short circuit.Hysteresis comparator uses the comparator of reference voltage.
It is further worked normally for proof load, is provided with voltage-stabilizing output circuit, the voltage-stabilizing output circuit is that LDO is steady Chip is pressed, chip output voltage is 3.3V.
The invention also includes accessory power supply, one end of the accessory power supply and the secondary coil of taking energy coil are connected, the other end It is connect with voltage monitoring and control circuit.Accessory power supply is by concatenated resonant matching circuit, full-wave rectifying circuit and protection circuit It constitutes.
It advantages of the present invention and has the beneficial effect that:
Design is optimized to air gap core interface in the present invention, when not increasing core volume, by core interface It is designed as zigzag, to reduce magnetic resistance of the magnetic core at air gap, improves the relative permeability of air gap magnetic core.Using series connection Resonance occurs for the circuit after matching, when wire current is the low current of 2A, compared with match circuit non-matching and in parallel, Series connection matching can make taking energy coil export higher power.Energy stores are carried out using super capacitor in circuit, can be significantly improved The instantaneous output power of circuit stablizes circuit output voltage in 3.3V by voltage regulator circuit, while devising protection control electricity Road limits super capacitor both end voltage.When wire current is 2A, draw-out power supply can be load normal power supply.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is electric power management circuit structural block diagram;
Fig. 2 is taking energy coil structure chart;
Fig. 3 is to take energy core structure figure;
Fig. 4 is series resonance matching figure;
Fig. 5 is full-wave rectifying circuit and protection circuit diagram;
Fig. 6 is voltage monitoring and control circuit work flow diagram;
Fig. 7 is control circuit and two-way switch schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is auxiliary power principle figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in inventive embodiments, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carry out it is clear, in detail Description.Described only a part of the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, it includes taking energy coil 1, matching protection circuit that the present invention, which provides a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply, 2, rectification circuit 3, energy storage circuit 4, voltage monitoring and control circuit 6 and voltage-stabilizing output circuit 5, wherein the taking energy coil 1 primary side is electric wire, and the second siding ring of taking energy coil 1 is connect with matching protection circuit 2, matching protection circuit 2 and rectification Circuit 3 is in parallel, and the output end of rectification circuit 3 is connected with energy storage circuit 4, the output end of energy storage circuit 4 again with pressure stabilizing Output circuit 5 is connected, and the output end of voltage monitoring and control circuit 6 is connect with voltage-stabilizing output circuit 5, voltage monitoring and control electricity The input terminal on road 6 is connect with energy storage circuit 4, and voltage monitoring and control circuit 6 are also connect with matching protection circuit 2.
To realize power supply power supply, which is powered using the secondary winding of current transformer, as shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is also It include energy storage device, current transformer core uses ferrite as magnetic core, and primary side is electric wire, and secondary winding is line Circle, furthermore in order to power to control circuit, control circuit is in runaway condition when preventing route from having electricity, is also devised with secondary coil and is Control circuit power supply, the power supply circuit of secondary coil and the power supply circuit of main coil are almost the same, for the ease of installation, magnetic of the present invention Core design has opening, but to reduce leakage field, improves magnetic induction intensity, use zigzag opening mode, core structure such as Fig. 3 It is shown.
In the present embodiment, it is desirable that the wire current of current transformer is not less than 2A, to guarantee that power supply can provide for load Enough electric energy and enough voltage is provided for control circuit.
What Fig. 4 was provided is series resonant circuit matching principle figure, due to current transformer can be equivalent to a current source, The series circuit of resistance, inductance, entire circuit is in perception output, and coil will export biggish reactive power, to reduce The output power of power supply matches a capacitor at this time for coil, allows coil at purely exporting, circuit will occur humorous at this time Vibration, to improve the output power of coil.
The present embodiment uses full-wave rectifying circuit, improves rectification efficiency, full-wave rectifying circuit and protection circuit such as Fig. 5 institute Show, protection circuit is in parallel with varistor using transient supression diode TVS and varistor R, the diode TVS Afterwards, one end and the secondary side both ends of taking energy coil connect, and the other end is in parallel with rectification circuit, utilizes the reverse breakdown characteristics of TVS Circuit can be effectively prevented over-voltage occurs and damages, when voltage is more than diode Clamping voltages, diode breakdown will take energy line Circle short circuit, protects back-end circuit, and when voltage restores normal, circuit restores to work normally.
Voltage monitoring and control logic as shown in fig. 6, its circuit as shown in fig. 7, the circuit by hysteresis comparator with it is two-way Switch composition, hysteresis comparator are made of voltage comparator plus positive feedback resistor, by adjusting resistance values, can set it Voltage limit (the V that visits of input voltageH) and lower threshold voltage (VL), super capacitor both end voltage is carried out by voltage comparator Monitoring, when super-capacitor voltage reaches the voltage limit (V that visitsH) when, control two-way switch conducting stops output winding short circuit It charges to super capacitor, when super capacitor reaches lower threshold voltage (VL) when, control two-way switch disconnects, and is further continued for as super electricity Capacity charge, adjusting setting Upper threshold threshold voltage by resistance is 5V, and lower threshold voltage threshold values is 4.7V, comparator choosing , by resistors match, make the small 1uA of overall current without externally supplying the voltage comparator of reference voltage with reference voltage. Two-way switch is the enhanced metal-oxide-semiconductor of N-channel, by the output of hysteresis comparator, controls the grid voltage of metal-oxide-semiconductor to reach control The turn-on and turn-off of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
When wire current is relatively low, since taking energy coil output power is lower, it is not enough to the normal work of direct driving circuit Make, and super capacitor is charged to 5V from 0V and needs the regular hour, therefore when for load supplying, if voltage regulator circuit is in always Working condition, then being supported on powered on moment in super capacitor charging process and needing to consume more energy, this will lead to super Grade capacitor both end voltage is dropped rapidly under operating voltage, can not work normally so as to cause circuit.For this problem, this hair Bright same using voltage comparator design control circuit, setting threshold voltage is 3.3V~4.5V, when super capacitor charges to When 4.5V, LDO voltage regulator circuit is worked normally, and guarantees that sensor node can be with normal initialization, when super capacitor both end voltage is small When 3.3V, output LDO circuit is enabled, guarantees that super capacitor charges normal.
Since super-capacitor voltage is 4.7V-5.5V when power supply works normally, in order to guarantee voltage requirements for 3.3V load It works normally, the present invention uses linear voltage stabilization LDO chip, it is ensured that this electric power output voltage is 3.3V.
As shown in figure 8, secondary coil power supply circuit is similar to main coil, series resonance match circuit is equally used, all-wave is whole Current circuit protects circuit, and difference is that the input voltage and output voltage of LDO chip, input voltage are wide scope input, Output voltage is the linear voltage stabilization LDO chip of 5V.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquires power supply, it is characterised in that: including taking energy coil (1), match protection circuit (2), whole Current circuit (3), energy storage circuit (4), voltage monitoring and control circuit (6) and voltage-stabilizing output circuit (5), wherein described take energy The primary side of coil (1) is electric wire, and the secondary side of taking energy coil (1) is connect with matching protection circuit (2), matching protection circuit (2) in parallel with rectification circuit (3), the output end of rectification circuit (3) is connected with energy storage circuit (4), energy storage circuit (4) Output end connect again with voltage-stabilizing output circuit (5), the output end and voltage-stabilizing output circuit of voltage monitoring and control circuit (6) (5) it connects, the input terminal of voltage monitoring and control circuit (6) is connect with energy storage circuit (4), voltage monitoring and control circuit (6) another output end is connect with matching protection circuit (2);
The matching protects circuit (2) to protect circuit that circuit is protected not to be burned when high current, and improves and take energy line Enclose the output power of (1);Exchange is become direct current by the rectification circuit (3);The voltage monitoring and control circuit (6) are for supervising Control energy storage circuit (4) voltage whether within a preset range, to control the not super preset range of energy storage circuit (4);Institute State voltage-stabilizing output circuit (5) for be depressured after be load supplying.
2. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquires power supply according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: taking energy coil (1) tool There is closed magnetic core, the closed magnetic core is composed of at least two magnetic core blocks, and the both ends of the magnetic core block are zigzag, and two The sawtooth of magnetic core block junction is complementary, keeps the connection of two magnetic core blocks smooth.
3. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy according to claim 1 or claim 2 acquires power supply, it is characterised in that: the matching protection electricity Road (2) includes resonant matching circuit and protection circuit, and resonant matching circuit is the electricity for being connected to taking energy coil (1) secondary side both ends Hold, the protection circuit is made of transient supression diode TVS with varistor, and the diode TVS is in parallel with varistor Afterwards, it is connect with the secondary side both ends of taking energy coil (1).
4. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquires power supply according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: rectification circuit (3) choosing Use full-wave bridge rectifier circuit.
5. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquires power supply according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the energy storage circuit (4) super capacitor of 0.47F, pressure voltage 5.5V are selected.
6. a kind of according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supplys, it is characterised in that: the voltage Monitoring and control circuit (6) are made of hysteresis comparator and two-way switch, and the backward end of hysteresis comparator accesses reference voltage, late The forward end of stagnant comparator is connect with energy storage circuit (4), and the output end of hysteresis comparator and one end of two-way switch connect, The other end of two-way switch is connect with voltage-stabilizing output circuit (5).
7. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquires power supply according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the two-way switch uses two A enhanced metal-oxide-semiconductor of N-channel is constituted, and the output end of hysteresis comparator is connect with the grid of two metal-oxide-semiconductors, the source of two metal-oxide-semiconductors The drain electrode of pole connect and ground, two metal-oxide-semiconductors is connected respectively to the second siding ring of taking energy coil.
8. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquires power supply according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the hysteresis comparator uses The comparator of reference voltage.
9. a kind of according to claim 1 or 2 or 4 or 5 or 7 or 8 electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supplys, it is characterised in that: also Including accessory power supply (7), one end of the accessory power supply (7) is connect with the secondary coil of taking energy coil (1), and the other end and voltage are supervised Control and control circuit (6) connection.
10. a kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquires power supply according to claim 9, it is characterised in that: the accessory power supply (7) by Concatenated resonant matching circuit, full-wave rectifying circuit and protection circuit are constituted.
CN201910142325.6A 2019-02-26 2019-02-26 A kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply Pending CN109687540A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910142325.6A CN109687540A (en) 2019-02-26 2019-02-26 A kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910142325.6A CN109687540A (en) 2019-02-26 2019-02-26 A kind of electric wire magnetic field energy acquisition power supply

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111711255A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-09-25 上海英内物联网科技股份有限公司 Method for reducing energy consumption of semi-active RFID equipment
CN114079319A (en) * 2022-01-17 2022-02-22 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 Power supply method, device, equipment and medium for integrated sensor in power transmission line
CN114256952A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-03-29 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Electromagnetic energy-taking power-off delay energy storage device

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW200721207A (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-01 Ind Tech Res Inst Detachable transformer for contactless power supply system
CN101308724A (en) * 2007-02-17 2008-11-19 浙江大学 Magnet integrate construction of transformer and inductor
CN103532251A (en) * 2013-10-22 2014-01-22 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 Electromagnetic induction charging system of energy-storage electromobile
CN105322635A (en) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-10 惠铁军 Self-protection intelligent sensor power supply management circuit

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW200721207A (en) * 2005-11-28 2007-06-01 Ind Tech Res Inst Detachable transformer for contactless power supply system
CN101308724A (en) * 2007-02-17 2008-11-19 浙江大学 Magnet integrate construction of transformer and inductor
CN103532251A (en) * 2013-10-22 2014-01-22 南车株洲电力机车有限公司 Electromagnetic induction charging system of energy-storage electromobile
CN105322635A (en) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-10 惠铁军 Self-protection intelligent sensor power supply management circuit

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111711255A (en) * 2020-07-20 2020-09-25 上海英内物联网科技股份有限公司 Method for reducing energy consumption of semi-active RFID equipment
CN114256952A (en) * 2021-12-16 2022-03-29 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 Electromagnetic energy-taking power-off delay energy storage device
CN114079319A (en) * 2022-01-17 2022-02-22 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 Power supply method, device, equipment and medium for integrated sensor in power transmission line
CN114079319B (en) * 2022-01-17 2022-04-15 南方电网数字电网研究院有限公司 Power supply method, device, equipment and medium for integrated sensor in power transmission line

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Application publication date: 20190426