CN109687463B - AC/DC hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with distribution transformer rectifier - Google Patents

AC/DC hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with distribution transformer rectifier Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109687463B
CN109687463B CN201910094887.8A CN201910094887A CN109687463B CN 109687463 B CN109687463 B CN 109687463B CN 201910094887 A CN201910094887 A CN 201910094887A CN 109687463 B CN109687463 B CN 109687463B
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direct current
voltage
alternating current
power
distribution transformer
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CN109687463A (en
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叶阳
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Shanghai Honyo Electric Co ltd
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Shanghai Honyo Electric Co ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/02Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks using a single network for simultaneous distribution of power at different frequencies; using a single network for simultaneous distribution of ac power and of dc power
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J5/00Circuit arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks and dc networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/60Planning or developing urban green infrastructure

Abstract

The invention discloses an alternating current-direct current hybrid microgrid architecture integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, which comprises an alternating current distribution network (100) connected with the input end of the distribution transformer rectifier (200) and used for inputting high-voltage alternating current to the distribution transformer rectifier (200), a distribution transformer rectifier (200) used for converting the high-voltage alternating current input by the alternating current distribution system (100) into low-voltage alternating current and low-voltage direct current, and a direct current power unit (400) connected with the alternating current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier (200) and used for supplying the low-voltage alternating current to an alternating current load (300) and connected with the direct current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier (200); the alternating current load (300) and the direct current power utilization unit (400) are arranged in a mutually isolated mode. The invention can reduce conversion links, improve power supply reliability, conversion efficiency and system stability, and reduce system cost.

Description

AC/DC hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with distribution transformer rectifier
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of intelligent power grids, in particular to an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid architecture integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier.
Background
With the development of new energy and energy storage technology, the application of direct current power supply is becoming popular, the direct current power supply capacity is continuously improved, and a micro power grid taking direct current as a main power supply mode, namely a direct current micro power grid for short, is gradually formed. In practical application, there are few micro-grids running independently with pure direct current, and more common occasions are that direct current and alternating current need to be subjected to mixed power supply, so that the common requirements of alternating current and direct current loads can be met, and high-reliability power supply is realized.
All existing micro-grid architectures use the output (alternating current 380V) of a distribution transformer as an alternating current input, and the topology structure of the micro-grid architecture is basically divided into the following three types:
1) Unidirectional power flow, as shown in fig. 1, a distribution transformer and isolated unidirectional AC/DC represent isolated points characterized by: no new energy power generation and energy storage equipment is contained; the power of the AC/DC converter flows unidirectionally; the zero line of the alternating current side is grounded, and the direct current side is supplied with power in a floating way.
2) The bidirectional AC/DC converter, as shown in fig. 2, is characterized in that: the energy storage device comprises new energy power generation and energy storage equipment; the AC/DC converter supports bi-directional power flow; the zero line of the alternating current load is grounded, the direct current system is not isolated from the alternating current system, and the power is not supplied in a floating mode.
3) The power electronic transformer, as shown in fig. 3, is characterized in that: the energy storage device comprises new energy power generation and energy storage equipment; the power electronic transformer is used as the core for power conversion, and supports bidirectional power flow; the power of the power electronic transformer cannot be made large, so that the system scale is limited; the zero line at the alternating current load side is not grounded, alternating current and direct current are both supplied for suspension, and the alternating current and the direct current are not isolated.
The above three schemes have in common the following: (1) a common distribution transformer is required; (2) the 380V output voltage of the distribution transformer is taken as input to carry out power conversion; (3) an AC/DC converter is used as a main direct current power supply; (4) the transformation links are more, so that the reliability is reduced, the comprehensive efficiency is low, and the system cost is high; (5) the cooperative operation of a plurality of AC/DC and DC/DC conversion devices brings about problems of stability, resonance, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of low reliability, low comprehensive efficiency and high system cost caused by a plurality of conversion links of a micro-grid structure in the prior art, and provides an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, which can simultaneously output alternating current and direct current voltages isolated from each other through the integration of the distribution transformer rectifier, and improve the power supply reliability, the conversion efficiency and the system stability and simultaneously reduce the system cost through reducing the conversion links.
The invention provides an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid architecture integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, which comprises a micro-grid and an alternating current power distribution network, wherein:
the interface device between the micro-grid and the alternating current power distribution network is a distribution transformer rectifier;
the distribution transformer rectifier is used for converting high-voltage alternating current input by the alternating current distribution network into output low-voltage industrial alternating current and output low-voltage direct current;
the output low-voltage industrial alternating current and the output low-voltage direct current are mutually isolated;
the output low-voltage industrial alternating current is used for supplying power to an alternating current load;
the output low-voltage direct current is used for supplying power to the direct current power utilization unit.
The invention uses the input of the distribution transformer rectifier (alternating current 10 kV) as the micro-grid structure of the alternating current input, changes the common distribution transformer into the distribution transformer rectifier, and the distribution transformer rectifier can adopt the structure disclosed by the application number CN201610989970.8, can output alternating current and direct current voltages isolated from each other at the same time, reduces the conversion links, improves the power supply reliability, the conversion efficiency and the system stability, and simultaneously reduces the system cost. The ac system may also be omitted when the system only needs to supply dc power (e.g. an LED lighting system). The alternating current system and the direct current system are mutually isolated, so that the reliability of the micro-grid structure is determined by the reliability of a distribution transformer rectifier of the transformer, and the reliability of the micro-grid structure can be greatly improved.
The invention relates to an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, which is characterized in that a direct current power utilization unit comprises a direct current load, an energy storage battery and a new energy power generation assembly which are arranged in parallel in an optimal way.
The invention relates to an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, which is used as an optimal mode, wherein a direct current power utilization unit comprises a direct current load connected with a direct current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier, an energy storage battery connected with the direct current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier through a bidirectional non-isolated DC/DC module, and a new energy power generation assembly connected with the direct current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier through the non-isolated DC/DC module.
According to the AC/DC hybrid micro-grid architecture integrated with the distribution transformer rectifier, under the condition that an AC distribution network supplies power normally, the voltage of a DC power unit is determined by the distribution network through the distribution transformer rectifier, and a non-isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter connected with an energy storage system and a unidirectional DC/DC converter connected with a new energy power generation assembly in a DC system are connected into a DC bus in a current source mode. When the alternating current distribution network is disconnected, the voltage of the direct current power utilization unit is determined by a certain group of energy storage batteries through a non-isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter connected with the energy storage batteries, the working mode of the converter is switched to a voltage source mode, and the non-isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter connected with other energy storage batteries and the non-isolated unidirectional DC/DC converter connected with the new energy power generation assembly are both operated in a current source mode. This solves the system instability problem that may occur in other schemes due to multiple converters attempting to control the dc voltage. After the alternating current distribution network is disconnected, the non-isolated bidirectional DC/DC converter switched to the voltage source mode is automatically, randomly and uniquely selected through the electric energy management system of the micro-grid.
The invention relates to an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, which comprises a group of inputs and three groups of outputs, wherein the inputs are distribution grid voltages, and the three groups of outputs are a low-voltage alternating current output end, a low-voltage direct current output end and an isolation winding respectively.
The alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with the distribution transformer rectifier, which is disclosed by the invention, is used as an optimal mode, the direct current power utilization unit further comprises a non-isolated DC/AC inversion module, and two ends of the non-isolated DC/AC inversion module are respectively connected with a direct current load and an isolated winding and are used for returning the residual generated power generated when the generated power of the direct current side is higher than the load power of the direct current side into an alternating current power distribution network. The non-isolated DC/AC inversion module is used for returning the residual generated power to the AC power grid when the generated power at the DC side is higher than the electric power for the load at the DC side, and in order to ensure the isolation between the AC system and the DC system, the output of the non-isolated DC/AC inversion module cannot be directly returned to the green AC system, and an isolated winding needs to be output in the distribution transformer rectifier to be connected with the isolated winding. The non-isolated DC/AC inverter module is not a device which is operated all the time, only operates when the residual generated power exists on the direct current side, and the capacity of the non-isolated DC/AC inverter module is determined by the maximum residual power which can occur in the system, and the maximum residual power is not the total load power; once the fault occurs, the normal power supply of the system is not affected after direct cutting.
The invention relates to an alternating current-direct current hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, which is used as a preferred mode, and a new energy power generation assembly is a photovoltaic power generation assembly.
In the using process, when only direct current power supply is needed, an alternating current system can be omitted; when the direct-current side generated power is higher than the direct-current side load power, the non-isolated DC/AC inversion module operates to return the residual generated power to the alternating-current power grid through the isolated winding.
The invention can output alternating current and direct current voltages isolated from each other simultaneously by using the distribution transformer rectifier in the micro-grid framework, reduces conversion links, improves power supply reliability, conversion efficiency and system stability, and reduces system cost.
According to the invention, a non-isolated DC/AC inversion module is further arranged between the DC output end of the distribution transformer rectifier and the DC load, and the non-isolated DC/AC inversion module operates when the residual generated power exists on the DC side, so that the residual generated power is sent into an AC power grid, and the electric energy is saved. In order to ensure the isolation of the alternating current system and the direct current system, an isolation winding is arranged at the output end of the distribution transformer rectifier, so that the output of the non-isolated DC/AC inversion module is safely returned to the alternating current system, and the stability of the system is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art micro-grid structured unidirectional power flow topology.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a topology of a conventional micro-grid structured bi-directional AC/DC converter.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a power electronic transformer with a conventional micro-grid structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an ac-dc hybrid micro-grid topology integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the micro-grid architecture topology of example 2.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the micro-grid architecture topology of example 3.
Reference numerals:
100. an alternating current distribution network; 200. a distribution transformer rectifier; 300. an alternating current load; 400. and a direct current power consumption unit.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 4, an ac/dc hybrid micro-grid architecture integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, comprising:
ac distribution network 100: the high-voltage alternating current power supply circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution transformer rectifier 200 and is used for inputting high-voltage alternating current power to the distribution transformer rectifier 200;
distribution transformer rectifier 200: for converting high-voltage ac power input from ac power distribution network 100 into low-voltage ac power and low-voltage dc power; the distribution transformer rectifier 200 comprises a main winding and three auxiliary windings, wherein the input is the voltage of the distribution network, and the three groups of outputs are a low-voltage alternating-current output end, a low-voltage direct-current output end and an isolation winding respectively;
ac load 300: is connected with a low-voltage alternating current output end;
dc power consumption unit 400: the novel energy power generation device comprises a low-voltage direct current output end, an energy storage battery and a novel energy power generation assembly, wherein the low-voltage direct current output end is connected with the direct current load through a non-isolated DC/AC inversion module, the energy storage battery is connected with the low-voltage direct current output end through a bidirectional non-isolated DC/DC module, and the novel energy power generation assembly is connected with the low-voltage direct current output end through the non-isolated DC/DC module, wherein the novel energy power generation assembly is a photovoltaic power generation assembly;
the ac load 300 and the dc power unit 400 are isolated from each other.
Example 2
When the micro-grid structure only needs to provide a dc output, as shown in fig. 5, it includes:
ac distribution network 100: the high-voltage alternating current power supply circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution transformer rectifier 200 and is used for inputting high-voltage alternating current power to the distribution transformer rectifier 200;
distribution transformer rectifier 200: for converting high-voltage ac power input from ac power distribution network 100 into low-voltage dc power; the distribution transformer rectifier 200 comprises a main winding and an auxiliary winding, wherein the auxiliary winding is a low-voltage direct-current output end;
dc power consumption unit 400: is connected with the low-voltage direct current output end and is used for providing low-voltage direct current to a direct current load.
Example 3
When the micro-grid structure does not need to be connected with the new energy power generation assembly and the energy storage battery, as shown in fig. 6, the micro-grid structure comprises:
ac distribution network 100: the high-voltage alternating current power supply circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution transformer rectifier 200 and is used for inputting high-voltage alternating current power to the distribution transformer rectifier 200;
distribution transformer rectifier 200: for converting high-voltage ac power input from ac power distribution network 100 into low-voltage ac power and low-voltage dc power; the distribution transformer rectifier 200 comprises a main winding and two auxiliary windings, wherein the two auxiliary windings are a low-voltage alternating current output end and a low-voltage direct current output end respectively;
ac load 300: is connected with a low-voltage alternating current output end;
dc power consumption unit 400: the low-voltage direct current output end is connected with the low-voltage direct current output end and is used for providing low-voltage direct current for a direct current load;
the ac system 300 and the dc power unit 400 are isolated from each other.
Take a small electric car charging station as an example. When 8 60kW chargers are contained, the total capacity of the system is 500kVA, and an energy storage system and photovoltaic power generation are not contained, the power factor of the distribution transformer rectifier can reach 0.99; according to the required number of rectification pulses, the distribution transformer rectifier can limit the input current harmonic wave to below 5%; the conversion efficiency of the distribution transformer rectifier is 96%, and the conversion efficiency of the direct-current charger with direct-current input is 99%, so that the system efficiency is 95%; the 500kVA distribution transformer rectifier requires about 7 ten thousand yuan, the 60kW direct current input direct current charger requires about 2.5 ten thousand yuan, 8 chargers are 20 ten thousand yuan, and the total cost of electrical equipment of the system is 27 ten thousand yuan. If a common alternating current scheme is adopted, the conversion efficiency of the distribution transformer is 98%. The power factor of the direct current charger with alternating current input can be 0.99; current harmonic 5%; conversion efficiency was 93%, so that system efficiency was 91%; the distribution transformer of 500kVA requires about 5 ten thousand yuan, the direct current charger of 60kW direct current input requires about 4.8 ten thousand yuan, 8 chargers are 38.4 ten thousand yuan, and the total cost of electrical equipment of the system is 43.4 ten thousand yuan.
The comparison of the two is shown in the following table:
comparison item Conventional communication scheme Real-time example 3 protocol Comparison result
Power factor 0.99 0.99 Consistency of
Harmonic content of current 5% 5% Consistency of
System efficiency 91% 95% Efficiency is improved by 4 percent, and loss is reduced by about half
Price of electrical equipment 43.4 ten thousand 27 ten thousand The cost is reduced by 38 percent
It can be seen from the table that the technical solution of embodiment 3 can reduce the loss by about half without affecting the stability of the system, and the cost can be reduced by 38%.
The foregoing description is intended to be illustrative only and not limiting, and it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that any modifications, variations or equivalent may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. An ac/dc hybrid microgrid architecture integrated with a distribution transformer rectifier, comprising a microgrid and an ac distribution network (100), characterized in that:
the interface device between the micro-grid and the alternating current power distribution network (100) is a distribution transformer rectifier (200);
the distribution transformer rectifier (200) is used for converting high-voltage alternating current input by the alternating current distribution network (100) into output low-voltage industrial alternating current and output low-voltage direct current;
the output low-voltage industrial alternating current and the output low-voltage direct current are mutually isolated;
the output low-voltage industrial alternating current is used for supplying power to an alternating current load (300);
the output low-voltage direct current is used for supplying power to a direct current power utilization unit (400);
the direct current power utilization unit (400) comprises a direct current load connected with the direct current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier (200), an energy storage battery connected with the direct current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier (200) through a bidirectional non-isolated DC/DC module, and a new energy power generation assembly connected with the direct current output end of the distribution transformer rectifier through a non-isolated DC/DC module;
the distribution transformer rectifier (200) includes one set of inputs and three sets of mutually isolated outputs; the input is connected to the ac distribution network (100) voltage; the three mutually isolated outputs are respectively used for generating a low-voltage alternating current output end, a low-voltage direct current output end and an isolated winding; the distribution transformer rectifier (200) includes one set of inputs and three sets of mutually isolated outputs; the input is connected to the ac distribution network (100) voltage; the three mutually isolated outputs are respectively used for generating a low-voltage alternating current output end, a low-voltage direct current output end and an isolated winding;
the direct current power utilization unit (400) further comprises a non-isolated DC/AC inversion module, wherein two ends of the non-isolated DC/AC inversion module are respectively connected with the direct current load and the isolated winding and are used for returning residual generated power generated when the generated power of the direct current side is higher than the load power of the direct current side into the alternating current power distribution network (100).
2. The ac/dc hybrid microgrid architecture according to claim 1, wherein: the direct current power utilization unit (400) comprises a direct current load, an energy storage battery and a new energy power generation assembly which are arranged in parallel.
3. The ac/dc hybrid microgrid architecture according to claim 1, wherein: when the voltage of the alternating current power distribution network (100) is effective, the voltage of the direct current power utilization unit (400) is only determined by the voltage of the alternating current power distribution network (100), and the energy storage battery and the new energy power generation assembly are connected into a direct current system in a current source mode.
4. The ac/dc hybrid microgrid architecture according to claim 1, wherein: when the voltage of the alternating current power distribution network (100) is disconnected, one of the bidirectional non-isolated DC/DC modules connected with the energy storage battery works in a voltage source mode, and the other bidirectional non-isolated DC/DC modules connected with the energy storage battery and the new energy power generation assembly are connected into a direct current power utilization unit (400) in a current source mode.
5. The ac/dc hybrid microgrid architecture according to claim 4, wherein: when the alternating current power distribution network (100) is disconnected in voltage, the selected bidirectional non-isolated DC/DC module which works in a voltage source mode and is connected with the energy storage battery is automatically and randomly designated through the electric energy management system.
6. The ac/dc hybrid microgrid architecture according to claim 1, wherein: the new energy power generation assembly is a photovoltaic power generation assembly.
CN201910094887.8A 2019-01-31 2019-01-31 AC/DC hybrid micro-grid structure integrated with distribution transformer rectifier Active CN109687463B (en)

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CN110048586A (en) * 2019-05-21 2019-07-23 江苏和网源电气有限公司 A kind of configurable power-supply system
CN111244961B (en) * 2020-03-04 2023-07-04 上海钧功电子科技有限公司 High-efficiency power supply system and method
CN113872181B (en) * 2020-06-30 2023-09-05 中国移动通信集团设计院有限公司 Power supply and distribution system of data center

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