CN109686640B - Flat multiplication image enhancer and multiplication method - Google Patents
Flat multiplication image enhancer and multiplication method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109686640B CN109686640B CN201910108347.0A CN201910108347A CN109686640B CN 109686640 B CN109686640 B CN 109686640B CN 201910108347 A CN201910108347 A CN 201910108347A CN 109686640 B CN109686640 B CN 109686640B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC(N=C=S)=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C=C1OC1=CC(O)=CC=C21 MHMNJMPURVTYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UQMZPFKLYHOJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;cadmium(2+);disulfide Chemical compound [S-2].[S-2].[Zn+2].[Cd+2] UQMZPFKLYHOJDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
- H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
- H01J31/50—Image-conversion or image-amplification tubes, i.e. having optical, X-ray, or analogous input, and optical output
Landscapes
- Image-Pickup Tubes, Image-Amplification Tubes, And Storage Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
A flat multiplication image enhancer comprises a cylindrical outer shell, wherein one end of the outer shell is provided with a front cover in a sealing manner, an input window is formed in the front cover, the other end of the outer shell is provided with a rear cover in a sealing manner, and an output window is formed in the rear cover; a vacuum chamber is arranged in the outer shell, a plurality of image multiplication layers are sequentially arranged in the vacuum chamber from the input window to the output window, each image multiplication layer comprises a fluorescent layer, a photoelectric cathode layer and an insulating wire layer which are sequentially arranged, each insulating wire layer comprises a plurality of wires which are perpendicular to the photoelectric cathode layer, and an insulating layer is arranged between the wires; a plurality of electrodes matched with the insulating wire layers are sequentially arranged outside the shell from the input window to the output window side, and the electrodes extend into the shell to be conducted with the corresponding fluorescent layers. The enhancer has good sealing performance, is safe and reliable, effectively prevents leakage of X rays, and can geometrically multiply the imaging effect of the X rays through the image multiplication layer so as to realize that a small amount of X rays form a high-brightness visible light image.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an X-ray image enhancer, in particular to a flat plate multiplication image enhancer, and particularly relates to a multiplication method of the flat plate multiplication image enhancer.
Background
X-rays are electromagnetic waves having wavelengths between ultraviolet and gamma rays.
At present, the X-ray is widely used in the fields of medical image diagnosis, industrial flaw detection and the like, an image enhancer in an X-ray detection system is an indispensable component, an image is received and enhanced through the image enhancer, and then image information on the image enhancer is extracted through a camera and is processed by a computer.
Although the X-rays can penetrate a plurality of substances opaque to visible light for imaging, the X-rays are harmful to human bodies, so that in practical application, the image can be clearly visible and stored digitally, the amount of the X-rays is reduced as much as possible, and the requirements on the image intensifier are higher and higher, and the image intensifier capable of clearly imaging a small amount of X-rays is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the flat multiplication image intensifier which has reasonable design and good sealing performance and can realize clear imaging of a small amount of X rays.
Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method for X-ray image multiplication using the flat-panel multiplication image enhancer.
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are realized by the following technical proposal. The invention relates to a flat multiplication image enhancer, which comprises a cylindrical outer shell, wherein one end of the outer shell is provided with a front cover in a sealing way, an input window is arranged on the front cover, the other end of the outer shell is provided with a rear cover in a sealing way, and an output window is arranged on the rear cover; a vacuum chamber is arranged in the outer shell, a plurality of image multiplication layers are sequentially arranged in the vacuum chamber from the input window to the output window, each image multiplication layer comprises a fluorescent layer, a photoelectric cathode layer and an insulating wire layer which are sequentially arranged, each insulating wire layer comprises a plurality of wires which are perpendicular to the photoelectric cathode layer, and an insulating layer is arranged between the wires; a plurality of electrodes matched with the insulating wire layers are sequentially arranged outside the shell from the input window to the output window side, and the electrodes extend into the shell to be conducted with the corresponding fluorescent layers.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further solved by the following technical scheme, for the flat multiplication image intensifier, an output layer is further arranged between the output window and the insulating wire layer nearest to the output window, and the output layer comprises a fluorescent output layer and a flat output screen which is made of flat light-transmitting glass and is sequentially arranged.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further solved by the following technical scheme, for the flat multiplication image intensifier, the lengths of the wires of the insulating wire layers closest to the output window are sequentially increased from the middle part to the periphery to form an arc shape with the concave middle part, and the middle part of the output window is correspondingly concave to form an arc shape.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further solved by the following technical scheme, and for the flat multiplication image intensifier, one side of the output window in the vacuum chamber is also provided with an arc-shaped output screen made of flat light-transmitting glass.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further solved by the following technical scheme, for the flat multiplication image intensifier, the image multiplication layers are provided with 3 layers or 4 layers, and the image multiplication layers of the 3 layers or the 4 layers are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention can be further solved by the following technical solutions, in which, for the above-mentioned flat-plate multiplication image intensifier, the voltages of the electrodes applied from the input window to the outer casing of the output window side are sequentially increased.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further solved by the following technical scheme, for the flat multiplication image intensifier, the input window is made of a material with low absorptivity to X rays, the output window is made of a transparent material, and the outer shell is made of an insulating light-proof material.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention can be further solved by the following technical scheme, and the method for multiplying the X-ray image of the flat multiplication image intensifier comprises the following steps of firstly converting X-rays into fluorescence through a fluorescent layer, irradiating a photoelectric cathode layer by photons of the fluorescence to generate electrons, accelerating the electrons under the action of an electric field applied by an electrode, accelerating the electrons to move along a conducting wire, impacting the next fluorescent layer to generate stronger fluorescence, then irradiating the photoelectric cathode layer of the layer to generate more electrons, continuously accelerating the impact on the next fluorescent layer, reciprocating in such a way, obtaining more electrons, and finally forming a high-brightness visible light image.
Compared with the prior art, the X-ray entering from the input window is firstly converted into fluorescence through the fluorescent layer of the first image multiplication layer, the photocathode of the first image multiplication layer is irradiated to excite electrons, the excited electrons move to the other end of the conducting wire along one end of the conducting wire of the first image multiplication layer under the action of a high-voltage electric field applied by the outer electrode of the shell, and move to one end of the fluorescent layer of the next image multiplication layer continuously, the fluorescent layer generates fluorescence with higher brightness due to the increase of the electron impact speed, so that the number of the electrons excited by the photocathode layer is increased greatly, and the number of the electrons is increased greatly through multiplication of the image multiplication layers, thereby being convenient for forming high-brightness visible light images for recording, photographing and image storage; and secondly, the last insulating wire layer can be made into an arc shape so as to form a reduced high-brightness visible light image, thereby being convenient for better recording, photographing and image storage. The enhancer has good sealing performance, is safe and reliable, effectively prevents leakage of X rays, and can geometrically multiply the imaging effect of the X rays through the image multiplication layer so as to realize that a small amount of X rays form a high-brightness visible light image.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flat multiplication image intensifier comprises a cylindrical outer shell 1, wherein one end of the outer shell 1 is provided with a front cover 2 in a sealing manner, an input window is arranged on the front cover 2, the other end of the outer shell 1 is provided with a rear cover 3 in a sealing manner, and an output window is arranged on the rear cover 3; a vacuum chamber is arranged in the outer shell 1, a plurality of image multiplication layers are sequentially arranged in the vacuum chamber from the input window to the output window side, each image multiplication layer comprises a fluorescent layer 5, a photocathode layer 6 and an insulating wire 8 layer 7 which are sequentially arranged, each insulating wire 8 layer 7 comprises a plurality of wires 8 which are vertically arranged with the photocathode layer 6, and insulating layers are arranged between the wires 8; a plurality of electrodes 4 matched with the insulating wire 8 layers 7 are sequentially arranged outside the outer shell 1 from the input window to the output window side, and the electrodes 4 extend into the outer shell 1 to be conducted with the corresponding fluorescent layers 5. Insulating material, such as plastic, ceramic, etc., is provided at the insulating layer for separating the wires 8; the middle parts of the input window and the output window are concave inwards to form an arc shape; the fluorescent layer 5 is provided with a fluorescent material which can generate fluorescence when irradiated by X rays or generate fluorescence when irradiated by electrons; such as cesium iodide materials; or the fluorescent material of the first fluorescent layer 5 is a material capable of generating visible light by X-ray irradiation, the subsequent fluorescent layer 5 is a material capable of generating visible light when irradiated by electrons, for example, the first layer is cesium iodide material, and the subsequent fluorescent layer 5 is zinc cadmium sulfide material; the photocathode layer 6 is provided with photocathodes; after the X-ray enters the outer shell 1 from the input window, fluorescence is generated on the fluorescent layer 5 of the first image multiplication layer, the fluorescence irradiates the photoelectric cathode layer 6, electrons are excited to generate, the generated electrons move from one end of the lead 8 to the other end of the lead 8 in an accelerating way under the externally applied voltage and move towards the next image multiplication layer continuously at a high speed, the electrons with increased speed collide with the fluorescent layer 5 of the next image multiplication layer to generate stronger light, so that the photoelectric cathode excitation of the layer generates more electrons, the speed is enhanced again under the action of the voltage corresponding to the layer, the number of the electrons is geometrically multiplied after passing through a plurality of image multiplication layers, and finally the electrons are convenient to move at a high speed to collide with the fluorescent layer 5 arranged at the output window to form a high-brightness visible light image for recording, photographing and image storage.
An output layer is further arranged between the output window and the layer 7 of the insulating wire 8 closest to the output window, and comprises a fluorescent output layer 9 and a flat output screen 10 which is made of flat light-transmitting glass and is sequentially arranged. The fluorescent output layer 9 is made of fluorescent substances, such as fluorescein isothiocyanate, the fluorescent output layer 9 is arranged in parallel with the output screen, and the output screen is arranged on one side close to the output window, so that high-speed moving electrons can conveniently strike the fluorescent output layer 9, and then high-brightness visible light images can be formed through the output screen; the output screen is convenient for transmitting light and bearing the fluorescent output layer 9, and is convenient for setting the fluorescent output layer 9.
Referring to fig. 2, the length of the wire 8 of the insulating wire 8 layer 7 closest to the output window is sequentially increased from the middle to the periphery to form a circular arc shape with a concave middle, the middle of the output window is correspondingly concave to form a circular arc shape, the far end of the wire 8 of the insulating wire 8 layer 7 is made into a circular arc shape, the circle center of the circle where the circular arc of the output window and the circular arc of the insulating wire 8 layer 7 are located is the same, so that parallel arrangement is formed, and finally high-speed movement electrons can be better concentrated and gathered together to form a reduced high-brightness visible light image for recording, photographing and image storage.
An arc-shaped output screen 11 made of flat light-transmitting glass is further arranged on one side of an output window in the vacuum chamber, the arc-shaped output screen 11 plays a role in light transmission and sealing, so that the final high-speed movement electron is convenient to strike and pass through, a visible light image is formed on a receiving screen arranged on the subsequent outside, and the effect of sealing the outer shell 1 is also achieved; when the arc-shaped output screen 11 is arranged, an output window can be omitted, and the arc-shaped output screen 11 is used for replacing the rear cover 3.
The image multiplication layer is provided with 3 layers or 4 layers, the 3 layers or 4 layers of image multiplication layers are arranged in parallel at equal intervals, the interval between each two layers of image multiplication layers is 3m-200mm, and the preferable interval is 50mm.
The voltage of the electrode 4 applied from the input window to the outside of the casing 1 on the output window side sequentially increases, the voltage of the electrode 4 applied from the input window to the outside of the casing 1 on the output window side sequentially ranges from 0V to several kV and tens of kV, the voltage commonly adopted is 0-30kV, for example, the voltage of the electrode 4 corresponding to the layer 7 of the insulated wire 8 at the first position on the input window side is 0V, the voltage at the second position is 8kV, and the voltage at the second position is 16kV, which sequentially increases.
The input window is made of a material with low X-ray absorptivity, the output window is made of a transparent material, and the outer shell 1 is made of an insulating light-proof material. The input window is made of glass or aluminum plate, so that X-ray projection is facilitated; the output screen is made of glass, and the converted electrons are output outwards; the outer shell 1 is made of glass or quartz, and is insulated and light-proof.
The X-ray image multiplication method comprises the steps of firstly converting irradiated X-rays into visible light, obtaining electrons through the obtained visible light, then accelerating the electrons, generating stronger visible light by utilizing the accelerated electrons, obtaining more electrons through the obtained visible light, and obtaining more electrons in a reciprocating manner, finally forming a high-brightness visible light image to realize multiplication of the X-ray image;
The specific implementation process is that the X-rays are converted into fluorescence through the fluorescent layer, photons of the fluorescence irradiate the photoelectric cathode layer to generate electrons, the electrons are accelerated under the action of an electric field applied by the electrode and move along the conducting wire in an accelerating way, impact on the next fluorescent layer to generate stronger fluorescence, then irradiate the photoelectric cathode layer of the layer to generate more electrons, continuously accelerate to impact on the next fluorescent layer, so that more electrons are obtained, and finally a high-brightness visible light image is formed.
Claims (7)
1. A method of X-ray image multiplication, characterized by: the method uses a flat multiplication image intensifier, the intensifier comprises a cylindrical outer shell, one end of the outer shell is provided with a front cover in a sealing way, an input window is arranged on the front cover, the other end of the outer shell is provided with a rear cover in a sealing way, and an output window is arranged on the rear cover; a vacuum chamber is arranged in the outer shell, a plurality of image multiplication layers are sequentially arranged in the vacuum chamber from the input window to the output window, each image multiplication layer comprises a fluorescent layer, a photoelectric cathode layer and an insulating wire layer which are sequentially arranged, each insulating wire layer comprises a plurality of wires which are perpendicular to the photoelectric cathode layer, and an insulating layer is arranged between the wires; a plurality of electrodes matched with the insulating wire layers are sequentially arranged outside the shell from the input window to the output window side, and extend into the shell to be communicated with the corresponding fluorescent layers;
The method comprises the following steps of firstly converting X-rays into fluorescence through a fluorescent layer, irradiating a photoelectric cathode layer by using photons of the fluorescence to generate electrons, accelerating the electrons under the action of an electric field applied by an electrode, accelerating the electrons to move along a conducting wire, impacting the next fluorescent layer to generate stronger fluorescence, then irradiating the photoelectric cathode layer of the layer to generate more electrons, continuously accelerating the electrons to impact the next fluorescent layer, and thus, reciprocating to obtain more electrons, and finally forming a high-brightness visible light image.
2. The method of X-ray image multiplication of claim 1, wherein: an output layer is further arranged between the output window and the insulating wire layer closest to the output window, and comprises a fluorescent output layer and a flat output screen which is made of flat light-transmitting glass and sequentially arranged.
3. The method of X-ray image multiplication of claim 1, wherein: the length of the wires of the insulating wire layer closest to the output window is sequentially increased from the middle part to the periphery to form an arc shape with the concave middle part, and the middle part of the output window corresponds to the concave part to form an arc shape.
4. A method of X-ray image multiplication according to claim 3, wherein: and an arc-shaped output screen made of flat light-transmitting glass is further arranged on one side of the output window in the vacuum chamber.
5. The method of X-ray image multiplication of claim 1, wherein: the image multiplication layer is provided with 3 layers or 4 layers, and the image multiplication layers of 3 layers or 4 layers are arranged in parallel at equal intervals.
6. The method of X-ray image multiplication of claim 1, wherein: the voltage of the electrode applied from the input window to the outside of the casing on the output window side sequentially increases.
7. The method of X-ray image multiplication of claim 1, wherein: the input window is made of a material with low X-ray absorptivity, the output window is made of a transparent material, and the outer shell is made of an insulating light-proof material.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910108347.0A CN109686640B (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Flat multiplication image enhancer and multiplication method |
| PCT/CN2020/071037 WO2020147631A1 (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2020-01-09 | Flat plate image multiplication intensifier and multiplication method |
| JP2020600216U JP3230669U (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2020-01-09 | Image enhancer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910108347.0A CN109686640B (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Flat multiplication image enhancer and multiplication method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109686640A CN109686640A (en) | 2019-04-26 |
| CN109686640B true CN109686640B (en) | 2024-05-28 |
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| CN201910108347.0A Active CN109686640B (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | Flat multiplication image enhancer and multiplication method |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3230669U (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109686640B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020147631A1 (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108807549B (en) | 2018-06-01 | 2021-03-23 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Thin film transistor and manufacturing method thereof, array substrate and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN109686640B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2024-05-28 | 茆占湖 | Flat multiplication image enhancer and multiplication method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4362933A (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1982-12-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Multistage vacuum x-ray image intensifier |
| CN1056792A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1991-12-04 | 机械电子工业部第二○五研究所 | Portable X-ray fluoroscopy recorder |
| JP2000195451A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Toshiba Corp | X-ray image detector |
| JP2001155668A (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-08 | Toshiba Corp | X-ray image detector |
| CN209249426U (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-08-13 | 茆占湖 | A kind of plate multiplication image amplifier |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2001035426A (en) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-02-09 | Toshiba Corp | X-ray image intensifier |
| CN109686640B (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2024-05-28 | 茆占湖 | Flat multiplication image enhancer and multiplication method |
-
2019
- 2019-01-18 CN CN201910108347.0A patent/CN109686640B/en active Active
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2020
- 2020-01-09 JP JP2020600216U patent/JP3230669U/en active Active
- 2020-01-09 WO PCT/CN2020/071037 patent/WO2020147631A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4362933A (en) * | 1980-02-06 | 1982-12-07 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Multistage vacuum x-ray image intensifier |
| CN1056792A (en) * | 1990-05-18 | 1991-12-04 | 机械电子工业部第二○五研究所 | Portable X-ray fluoroscopy recorder |
| JP2000195451A (en) * | 1998-12-25 | 2000-07-14 | Toshiba Corp | X-ray image detector |
| JP2001155668A (en) * | 1999-11-30 | 2001-06-08 | Toshiba Corp | X-ray image detector |
| CN209249426U (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-08-13 | 茆占湖 | A kind of plate multiplication image amplifier |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN109686640A (en) | 2019-04-26 |
| JP3230669U (en) | 2021-02-12 |
| WO2020147631A1 (en) | 2020-07-23 |
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