CN109685827A - A kind of object detecting and tracking method based on DSP - Google Patents
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Abstract
The object detecting and tracking method based on DSP that the invention discloses a kind of, comprising the following steps: the size of initialization wave door and its surrounding background first, and the position of wave door in the picture is set makes that it includes targets to be tracked;Binaryzation and filtering processing are carried out to Bo Mennei image later;Then it marks connected domain and determines target template;Further according to the position of target in the position acquisition a later frame image of target in two continuous frames image;The related coefficient in a later frame image between target and target template is finally sought, and judges that being to continue with tracking is also off tracking.Object detecting and tracking method computational complexity of the invention is low, and is exaggerated the correlation of target template with target in image, ensure that the stability of image trace, tracking accuracy is high, and real-time is good, is able to satisfy requirement of the image tracking system to tracking.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to view synthesis and tracking control technology, especially a kind of target detection based on DSP with
Track method.
Background technique
In every application of Digital Video Processing and computer vision field, target detection and tracking are that a weight is basic
And important task.Some preferable fields of development prospect, robot control, it is based drive identification, view-based access control model control,
Augmented reality, video scene monitoring, navigational guidance require to use object detecting and tracking technology.In computer vision field,
The detection and tracking of target remain the higher research field of temperature.The emphasis of research is also by pursuing merely high-precision and high-stability
Simulation analysis, the industrial application direction small to real-time operand develop, how as far as possible meet performance indicator before
It puts, reduces the difficult point that the requirement to hardware is realistic objective detection and follow-up study direction.In order to reduce the requirement to hardware,
Chinese patent CN201010121006.6 proposes a kind of object detecting and tracking method and Digital Image Processing based on DSP
System, but this method operand is big, versatility and real-time are poor, are being now the video of main hardware platform with multi-core DSP
It is difficult to be well used in image processing system.Study the target inspection that a kind of precision is high, computational complexity is low, practicability is good
Survey has great importance with tracking.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem solved by the invention is to provide that a kind of operand is low, be easily achieved and is able to satisfy high real-time system
The object detecting and tracking method that system requires.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of object detecting and tracking method based on DSP, including with
Lower step:
First frame image in step 1, acquisition video;
Step 2, the size according to the first frame image initial wave door of acquisition, initialize wave according to the size of wave door later
The size of door surrounding background, and position of the wave door in first frame image is set makes it includes target to be tracked, count wave door and
The grey level histogram of wave door surrounding background;
Step 3, the threshold value that binaryzation is determined according to the grey level histogram, and Bo Mennei image is carried out according to the threshold value
Binary conversion treatment;
Step 4 is filtered the Bo Mennei image after binary conversion treatment;
Step 5, using each region of the filtered Bo Mennei image of neighbourhood signatures' algorithm tag, obtain several connections
Region;
The size of all connected regions in step 6, statistic procedure 5, and descending arrangement is carried out to connected region size, it obtains
The wherein minimum circumscribed rectangle in largest connected region, and as target template;
Step 7 obtains target position in the center, that is, first frame image in the largest connected region, and basis should later
Center obtains target position in the second frame image, and updates target template;
Step 8 obtains target position in a later frame image according to target position in two continuous frames image;
Step 9 seeks the target in a later frame image and the related coefficient between target template, and according to phase relation
Number judgement be repeat step 8 continue tracking be also off tracking;Step 8 is repeated if related coefficient Q is more than or equal to preset threshold p
Continue to track;Otherwise frequency of failure n is incremented by 1, and judges that n and the relationship of frequency of failure preset threshold q stop if n >=q
Tracking, on the contrary expand the size of wave door as unit of Pixel-level, it repeats step 8 and continues to track.
Compared with prior art, the present invention its remarkable advantage: 1) present invention improves by using diamond search algorithm
With efficiency, operand can be reduced under the premise of guaranteeing search effect;2) taking the weight of target template update in the present invention
Value is associated with related coefficient, is avoided and is updated error message into target template when tracking effect is bad, ensure that subsequent
The stability of image trace;3) by going averaging method to seek related coefficient in the present invention, while reducing operand, amplify mesh
Mark the correlation of template and target in image.
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is based on the flow charts of the object detecting and tracking method of DSP.
Fig. 2 is tracking object delineation to be detected in a certain frame image in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is using search pattern schematic diagram used in diamond search algorithm in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein figure (a) is 5
× 5 diamond search template, the diamond search template that figure (b) is 3 × 3.
Fig. 4 is target following result schematic diagram in a certain frame image in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, a kind of object detecting and tracking method based on DSP of the present invention, comprising the following steps:
First frame image in step 1, acquisition video.
Step 2, the size according to the first frame image initial wave door of acquisition, initialize wave according to the size of wave door later
The size of door surrounding background, and position of the wave door in first frame image is set makes it includes target to be tracked, count wave door and
The grey level histogram of wave door surrounding background.
Further, according to the size of the first frame image initial wave door of acquisition, specifically: according to first frame image
The size of the size initialization wave door of target to be tracked in size and image, it is assumed that the size of the image of acquisition is w × h, to
The size for tracking target minimum circumscribed rectangle is x × y, and wave door size is w' × h', wherein x < w'≤w, y < h'≤h;
Further, wave door surrounding background size is determined according to the size of wave door, specifically: if by the border extension of wave door
Dry pixel.
Step 3, the threshold value that binaryzation is determined according to grey level histogram, and two-value is carried out to Bo Mennei image according to the threshold value
Change processing.
Further, the threshold value of binaryzation is determined according to grey level histogram, specifically: will in grey level histogram represent to
Threshold value of the corresponding gray value of low ebb as binaryzation between track target and two wave crests of its background.
Step 4 is filtered the Bo Mennei image after binaryzation.
Further, filtering processing is specifically handled using opening operation.
Step 5, using each region of the filtered Bo Mennei image of neighbourhood signatures' algorithm tag, obtain several connections
Region.
Further, using each region of the image of the filtered Bo Mennei of neighbourhood signatures' algorithm tag, wherein neighborhood
Labeling algorithm specifically:
To filtered Bo Mennei image by from left to right, from top to bottom in a manner of scanned pixel-by-pixel, until scanning
The all pixels of complete Bo Mennei image are directly moved to next pixel if the pixel value of Current Scan is 0;If currently sweeping
The pixel value retouched be 1, then be marked according to the left pixel of current pixel, upside pixel, wherein the size of mark value with
New connected domain increases, and specifically includes following 4 kinds of situations:
(1) pixel value of left side and upside is 0, indicates that the pixel of Current Scan is the boundary of a new connected domain,
Then assign one new mark value of pixel of Current Scan;
(2) pixel value is only existed in the pixel value of left side and upside is 1, then assigns the pixel and pixel of Current Scan
The identical mark value of element marking value that value is 1;
(3) left side is 1 with the pixel value of upside and mark value is identical, then assigns the pixel and mark value phase of Current Scan
Same mark value;
(4) left side is 1 with the pixel value of upside but mark value is different, then the mark value for assigning the pixel of Current Scan is
The smallest mark value in mark value.
The size of all connected regions in step 6, statistic procedure 5, and descending arrangement is carried out to connected region size, it obtains
The wherein minimum circumscribed rectangle in largest connected region, and as target template.
Step 7 obtains target position in the center, that is, first frame image in largest connected region, later according to the center
Target position in the second frame image is obtained, and updates target template.
Further, target position in the second frame image is obtained according to the center in largest connected region, specifically:
Step 7-1, the center of wave door is moved to the center in largest connected region;
Step 7-2, Bo Mennei image match with target template by template matching algorithm and obtain the second frame image
Middle target position.
Further, template matching algorithm specifically uses diamond search algorithm in step 7-2.
Further, target template is updated, specifically:
Assuming that TkFor the target template for carrying out template matching for kth frame image, Tk+1To be used for+1 frame figure of kth after update
Target template as carrying out template matching, updates the formula of target template are as follows:
In formula, MkFor in kth frame image by template matching algorithm obtain centered on target position, with template size
For the target template T of coverage areakBest match, α be update weight, cmaxFor the related coefficient of template matching output, τtFor
The threshold value whether target template of setting updates, by formula it is found that working as related coefficient cmaxGreater than threshold tautWhen, to target template
It is updated, otherwise remains unchanged.
Step 8 obtains target position in a later frame image according to target position in two continuous frames image.
Further, target position in a later frame image is obtained according to target position in two continuous frames image,
Specifically:
Step 8-1, using target position in Least Square in Processing two continuous frames image, a later frame figure is thus obtained
The region locating for target as in;
Step 8-2, Jiang Bomen is moved to the center in region, carries out template to Bo Mennei image and updated target template
Matching obtains target position in current frame image.
Step 9 is sought the target in a later frame image and the related coefficient between target template, and is sentenced according to related coefficient
Disconnected is to repeat step 8 and continue tracking to be also off tracking.
Further, step 9 seeks the target in a later frame image and the related coefficient between target template, and according to phase
Relationship number judgement be repeat step 8 continue tracking be also off tracking, specifically:
Step 9-1, it in step 8 in a later frame image centered on target position, intercepts identical as target template big
Small region is as the target in a later frame image;
Step 9-2, the target in a later frame image and the related coefficient Q between target template, formula used are sought are as follows:
In formula, xiFor the gray value of ith pixel in target template,For the pixel grey scale mean value of target template, yiFor figure
The gray value of ith pixel in target as in,For the pixel grey scale mean value of the target in image;
Step 9-3, judge the relationship of related coefficient Q Yu preset threshold p, if Q >=p, repeatedly step 8 continues to track;Instead
Frequency of failure n is incremented by 1, and execute step 9-4;Wherein, the initial value of frequency of failure n is 0;
Step 9-4, the relationship for judging n Yu frequency of failure preset threshold q stops tracking if n >=q, otherwise with Pixel-level
Expand the size of wave door for unit, repeats step 8 and continue to track.
Embodiment
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the present invention is based on the object detecting and tracking methods of DSP, including the following contents:
1, wave door size and Bo Men surrounding background size are initialized
Depending on size of the size of wave door by the image size and target that acquire, major requirement is that wave door being capable of complete terrestrial reference
The position of target out.The a certain frame image acquired in the present embodiment is as shown in Fig. 2, size is 1600 pixel *, 900 pixel, image
Middle target sizes are 80 pixel *, 60 pixel, and Jiang Bomen is dimensioned to 120 pixel *, 120 pixel, and wave door surrounding background size is set
It is set to 120 pixel *, 30 pixel.
2, binarization threshold is determined
The grey level histogram for counting Bo Men and Bo Men surrounding background obtains the histogram with bimodal distribution, chooses wave door
Between threshold value of the corresponding gray value 20 of low ebb as binaryzation.
3, binaryzation Bo Mennei image
Following binary conversion treatment is carried out to Bo Mennei image according to determining binarization threshold:
Wherein, f (x, y) is the original gray value of Bo Mennei pixel, fT(x, y) is the gray scale for handling pixel in late pulse
Value.
4, the Bo Mennei image of binaryzation is filtered
Handled using opening operation, specially first use size for 3 × 3 each of structural element scan image picture
Element, the pixel phase "AND" covered with each of structural element pixel with it, if all be 0, the pixel be 0, otherwise for
1.Use again size for 3 × 3 each of structural element scan image pixel, with each of structural element pixel with
Its pixel phase "AND" covered, if being all 1, otherwise it is 0 which, which is 1,.
5, using each region of the image of the filtered Bo Mennei of neighbourhood signatures' algorithm tag, several connected regions are obtained
Domain;
6, the size of all connected regions of statistics label, and descending arrangement is carried out to connected region size, it obtains wherein
The boundary rectangle in largest connected region, and as target template;
7, target position in the center, that is, first frame image in largest connected region is obtained, using diamond search algorithm root
Target position in the second frame image is obtained according to the center.Concrete operations are as follows:
It is output with template image and target image, the best region where target is first found with big diamond search algorithm,
Using this position as the center of small diamond search, then find with small diamond search algorithm the exact position of target.Big diamond shape
The search pattern that searching algorithm uses is the template of 5 × 5 sizes, and the search pattern that small diamond search algorithm uses is 3 × 3 sizes
Template, big diamond search template and small diamond search template are as shown in Figure 3.Diamond search algorithm Reusability diamond search mould
Plate scans for, until that the smallest point of this search error appears in the center of template, obtained search error is the smallest
Point is optimal match point.
8, target template update method
Wherein TkFor the target template for carrying out template matching for kth frame image, Tk+1To be used for+1 frame figure of kth after update
Target template as carrying out template matching, MkWith target position to be by what template matching algorithm obtained in kth frame image
The heart, using template size as the target template T of coverage areakBest match.α is to update weight, cmaxFor template matching output
Related coefficient, α=0.1c in the present embodimentmax, τtFor the threshold value whether target template of setting updates, τ in the present embodimentt=
0.75, as related coefficient cmaxGreater than threshold tautWhen, target template is updated, is otherwise remained unchanged.
9, target position in a later frame image is obtained according to target position in two continuous frames image;
Using the position where target in front cross frame image, target institute in a later frame image is extrapolated using least square method
The region at place.Least square method formula is as follows:
Y=ax+b
Wherein a be matched curve slope, b be matched curve intercept, x be target in the horizontal direction pixel seat
Mark, y for target pixel coordinate in vertical direction,For front cross frame target pixel coordinate in the horizontal direction it is equal
Value,For target pixel coordinate mean value in vertical direction.
10, Jiang Bomen is moved to the center in region locating for target, to the image and the updated target of previous frame of Bo Mennei
Template carries out template matching, obtains target position in current frame image.
11, the target in image and the related coefficient between target template, formula used are calculated are as follows:
In formula, xiFor the gray value of ith pixel in target template,For the pixel grey scale mean value of target template, yiFor figure
The gray value of ith pixel in target as in,For the pixel grey scale mean value of the target in image;Related coefficient Q ∈ [- 1,
1], and Q is bigger, and correlation is higher.
12, judge the relationship of related coefficient Yu set threshold value
0.75 is set by related coefficient preset threshold p in the present embodiment, sets 50 for frequency of failure preset threshold q,
Judge the relationship of related coefficient Q Yu preset threshold p, if Q >=p, empty fail count, continue to track, target following result is such as
Shown in Fig. 4;If Q < p, fail count n is incremented by 1, judges that n and the relationship of frequency of failure preset threshold q stop if n >=q
It only tracks, if n < q, wave door is expanded as into 180 pixel *, 180 pixel, continues to track.
Object detecting and tracking method based on DSP of the invention, computational complexity is low, and is exaggerated target template and figure
The correlation of target as in ensure that the stability of image trace, and tracking accuracy is high, and real-time is good, is able to satisfy image trace system
The requirement united to tracking.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of object detecting and tracking method based on DSP, which comprises the following steps:
First frame image in step 1, acquisition video;
Step 2, the size according to the first frame image initial wave door of acquisition, initialize wave Men Si according to the size of wave door later
The size of all backgrounds, and position of the wave door in first frame image is set makes to count Bo Men and Bo Men it includes target to be tracked
The grey level histogram of surrounding background;
Step 3, the threshold value that binaryzation is determined according to the grey level histogram, and two-value is carried out to Bo Mennei image according to the threshold value
Change processing;
Step 4 is filtered the Bo Mennei image after binary conversion treatment;
Step 5, using each region of the filtered Bo Mennei image of neighbourhood signatures' algorithm tag, obtain several connected regions
Domain;
The size of all connected regions in step 6, statistic procedure 5, and descending arrangement is carried out to connected region size, it obtains wherein
The minimum circumscribed rectangle in largest connected region, and as target template;
Step 7 obtains target position in the center, that is, first frame image in the largest connected region, later according to the center
Target position in the second frame image is obtained, and updates target template;
Step 8 obtains target position in a later frame image according to target position in two continuous frames image;
Step 9 is sought the target in a later frame image and the related coefficient between target template, and is sentenced according to related coefficient
Disconnected is to repeat step 8 and continue tracking to be also off tracking;Step 8 is repeated if related coefficient Q is more than or equal to preset threshold p to continue
Tracking;Otherwise frequency of failure n is incremented by 1, and judges the relationship of n Yu frequency of failure preset threshold q, if n >=q, stops tracking,
Otherwise expands the size of wave door as unit of Pixel-level, repeat step 8 and continue to track.
2. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 1 based on DSP, which is characterized in that in step 1:
The size of the first frame image initial wave door according to acquisition, specifically: according to the size of first frame image and
The size of the size initialization wave door of target to be tracked in image,
Assuming that the size of the image of acquisition is w × h, the size of target minimum circumscribed rectangle to be tracked is x × y, and wave door size is
W' × h', wherein x < w'≤w, y < h'≤h;
The size according to wave door determines wave door surrounding background size, specifically: by several pixels of the border extension of wave door.
3. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 1 or 2 based on DSP, which is characterized in that described in step 3
The threshold value of binaryzation is determined according to grey level histogram, specifically: target to be tracked and its background will be represented in grey level histogram
Two wave crests between threshold value of the corresponding gray value of low ebb as binaryzation.
4. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 3 based on DSP, which is characterized in that filtered described in step 4
Wave processing is specifically handled using opening operation.
5. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 1 based on DSP, which is characterized in that utilized described in step 5
Each region of the image of the filtered Bo Mennei of neighbourhood signatures' algorithm tag, wherein neighbourhood signatures' algorithm specifically:
To filtered Bo Mennei image by from left to right, from top to bottom in a manner of scanned pixel-by-pixel, until scan through wave
The all pixels of image in door are directly moved to next pixel if the pixel value of Current Scan is 0;If Current Scan
Pixel value is 1, then is marked according to the left pixel of current pixel, upside pixel, wherein the size of mark value is with new
Connected domain increases, and specifically includes following 4 kinds of situations:
(1) pixel value of left side and upside is 0, indicates that the pixel of Current Scan is the boundary of a new connected domain, then assigns
Give one new mark value of pixel of Current Scan;
(2) pixel value is only existed in the pixel value of left side and upside is 1, then assigns the pixel and the pixel of Current Scan
The identical mark value of element marking value that value is 1;
(3) left side is 1 with the pixel value of upside and mark value is identical, then assigns the pixel and the mark value phase of Current Scan
Same mark value;
(4) left side is 1 with the pixel value of upside but mark value is different, then it is described for assigning the mark value of the pixel of Current Scan
The smallest mark value in mark value.
6. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 1 based on DSP, which is characterized in that basis described in step 7
The center in largest connected region obtains target position in the second frame image, specifically:
Step 7-1, the center of wave door is moved to the center in the largest connected region;
Step 7-2, Bo Mennei image match with the target template by template matching algorithm and obtain the second frame image
Middle target position.
7. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 6 based on DSP, which is characterized in that template in step 7-2
Matching algorithm specifically uses diamond search algorithm.
8. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 7 based on DSP, which is characterized in that updated described in step 7
Target template, specifically:
Assuming that TkFor the target template for carrying out template matching for kth frame image, Tk+1To be carried out after update for+1 frame image of kth
The target template of template matching updates the formula of target template are as follows:
In formula, MkFor in kth frame image by template matching algorithm obtain centered on target position, with template size be cover
The target template T of lid rangekBest match, α be update weight, cmaxFor the related coefficient of template matching output, τtFor setting
The threshold value that whether updates of target template, by formula it is found that working as related coefficient cmaxGreater than threshold tautWhen, target template is carried out
It updates, otherwise remains unchanged.
9. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 1 based on DSP, which is characterized in that basis described in step 8
Target position obtains target position in a later frame image in two continuous frames image, specifically:
Step 8-1, it using target position in Least Square in Processing two continuous frames image, thus obtains in a later frame image
Region locating for target;
Step 8-2, Jiang Bomen is moved to the center in the region, carries out to Bo Mennei image and the updated target template
Template matching obtains target position in current frame image.
10. the object detecting and tracking method according to claim 1 based on DSP, which is characterized in that asked described in step 9
Take the target in a later frame image and the related coefficient between target template, and according to related coefficient judgement be repeat step 8 after
Continuous tracking is also off tracking, specifically:
Step 9-1, it centered on target position in a later frame image described in step 8, intercepts identical as target template big
Small region is as the target in a later frame image;
Step 9-2, the target in a later frame image and the related coefficient Q between target template, formula used are sought are as follows:
In formula, xiFor the gray value of ith pixel in target template,For the pixel grey scale mean value of target template, yiFor in image
Target in ith pixel gray value,For the pixel grey scale mean value of the target in image;
Step 9-3, the relationship for judging the related coefficient Q and preset threshold p, if Q >=p, repeatedly step 8 continues to track;Instead
Frequency of failure n is incremented by 1, and execute step 9-4;Wherein, the initial value of frequency of failure n is 0;
Step 9-4, the relationship for judging n Yu frequency of failure preset threshold q stops tracking if n >=q, otherwise is single with Pixel-level
Position expands the size of wave door, repeats step 8 and continues to track.
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CN110543809A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-12-06 | 台州宏达电力建设有限公司 | Electric power operation site risk supervision intrusion video identification method |
CN111145218A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-12 | 华南理工大学 | Mini-LED chip precision positioning method based on YOLO algorithm |
CN111145218B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2023-04-07 | 华南理工大学 | Mini-LED chip precision positioning method based on YOLO algorithm |
CN110930428A (en) * | 2020-02-19 | 2020-03-27 | 成都纵横大鹏无人机科技有限公司 | Target tracking method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
CN112199972A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-01-08 | 普联技术有限公司 | Method for identifying positioning point |
WO2024065389A1 (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Method and system for detecting camera interference, and electronic device |
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