CN109682271A - A kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method - Google Patents
A kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109682271A CN109682271A CN201910120437.1A CN201910120437A CN109682271A CN 109682271 A CN109682271 A CN 109682271A CN 201910120437 A CN201910120437 A CN 201910120437A CN 109682271 A CN109682271 A CN 109682271A
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- curved surface
- rock
- vertical hole
- detonation
- blasthole
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention provides the present invention provides a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method, it includes the following steps: Step1: according to the rock foundation tangent line corner condition of the curved surface dam foundation, selecting suitable steel for shot form, and uses quincuncial arrangement；Step2: being drilled with blasthole, buffer layer is arranged in blasthole bottom, and fill to foundation plane and control elevation；Step3: powder charge networking carries out subregion detonation to be parallel to the direction of the axis of dam, then promotes explosion paragraph by paragraph to the direction perpendicular to the axis of dam.Horizontal small drilling depth photoface exploision is optimized for vertical holes or vertical hole blasting from by this method, is substantially increased drilling and is excavated efficiency；Bottom hole is arranged using rubble as the buffer layer of packing material, in combination with the piecewise detonation mode in curved surface basis, reduces blasting vibration, controls explosion lesion depths.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering blasting technique fields, and in particular to a kind of vertical hole explosion of rock curved surface basis
Excavation technology, the blasting in once-through especially suitable for rock curved surface basis excavate molding.
Background technique
Engineering explosion is widely used in water conservancy, mine, traffic engineering as a kind of construction technology efficiently, economic
In construction, especially play a significant role in the molding of the rock mass Blasting Excavation such as the dam foundation, side slope.For in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering to quick-fried
It breaks the raising construction efficiency of digging and guarantees the demand of excavation quality, Complex Rock foundation pattern proposes blasting digging method
Specific technical requirements.
Currently, especially curved surface foundation excavation forms, for the special rock foundation pattern encountered in engineering in order to be formed
Cambered surface or curved surface, while guaranteeing rock foundation excavation quality, traditional technology mostly uses horizontal small drilling depth smooth blasting method；But water
Flat hole drilling efficiency is low, and needs first kerve to provide free face, has an impact to the guarantee of project progress；In addition, combining bent
The molding quality requirement in face, used small drilling depth excavate while inevitably to rock mass generation damage is retained, also sternly
The raising of construction efficiency is limited again, further influences project progress.Horizontal photoface exploision in the prior art is increasingly
It is difficult to adapt to the requirement of curved surface basic engineering construction progress.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is be difficult to comprehensively consider excavation quality control for curved surface basis and what construction speed guaranteed asks
Topic, proposes a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method.Horizontal small drilling depth photoface exploision is optimized for erecting by this method
Straight hole or vertical hole blasting from substantially increase drilling and excavate efficiency；Bottom hole is arranged using rubble as the buffering of packing material
Layer reduces blasting vibration, controls explosion lesion depths in combination with the piecewise detonation mode in curved surface basis.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical characteristic, the object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of rock curved surface basis is vertical
Hole blasting digging method, it includes the following steps:
Step1: according to the rock foundation tangent line corner condition of the curved surface dam foundation, corresponding blasthole aperture mode, multiple blastholes are selected
Interlaced array type arrangement；
Step2: being drilled with blasthole, buffer layer is arranged in blasthole bottom, and fill to foundation plane and control elevation；
Step3: powder charge networking, be parallel to the axis of dam direction carry out subregion detonation, then to the direction perpendicular to the axis of dam by
Section promotes explosion.
Steel for shot form in the Step1 is divided into two kinds according to rock foundation tangent line corner condition: as tangent line corner B
When greater than 30 °, the cloth well format of vertical blasthole is selected；When tangent line corner B is less than 30 °, the cloth well format of vertical hole is selected.
Buffer layer setting is in curved surface dam foundation basis bottom hole outdrill intersegmental part below in the Step2.
The buffer layer is using rubble as padded coaming, and size controlling is in 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of aperture.
The depth of the bottom hole outdrill section is A, and the value of the A is at least 10cm.
Buffer layer, powder charge section and blocking section are sequentially consisted of in the vertical blasthole or vertical hole.
The detonation of subregion described in the Step3 is with the explosion of single camber basis to be first, i.e., to be parallel to curved surface dam foundation axis
The direction of line carries out linear detonation or rectangular detonation, complete backward perpendicular to the direction of curved surface dam foundation axis using linear detonation or
The mode of rectangular detonation promotes explosion paragraph by paragraph.
In the linear initiation process by blasthole draft inside fuze action zone according to a plurality of linear staggered mode into
Row arrangement is detonated in detonation according to successively linear detonation mode.
Blasthole is being drafted inside fuze action zone according to the staggered mode of multiple quadrangles in the rectangular initiation process
It is arranged, detonates in detonation according to successively rectangular detonation mode.
The method have the advantages that:
1, big compared to the damage of the bottom hole of conventional flat smooth Surface Blasting Technology, excavate the shortcomings that low efficiency, the present invention is using vertical
Rock mass stress load is switched to point loading by traditional line load by hole cloth well format, while bottom hole setting is filling material with rubble
The buffer layer of material, is effectively reduced rock vibration, and control retains Rock Damage；Vertical hole drilling simultaneously, accelerates construction speed, ties
The detonation of zygonema shape or rectangular detonation mode, piecewise Excavation blasting can be controlled effectively and excavate molding effect and raising construction efficiency.
2, this method is easy to operate, feasibility is high, using effect is good, can effectively improve disposable excavate in curved surface basis and form
Construction efficiency and demolition effect, have a extensive future.
3, referred under conditions of guaranteeing that explosive specific charge is basically unchanged by the way that buffer layer is arranged in bottom hole, the outdrill of blasthole bottom
10cm is uniformly filled so that buffer layer is arranged with rubble；Rubble can effectively reflect explosion wave in blasthole, while downward to its
Percussion plays buffering effect, and ballast grain sizes control is advisable in 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of aperture, can effectively reduce blasting vibration, control
The damage of bottom rock mass processed.
4, above-mentioned subregion detonation mode is preferential explosion single camber basis, i.e., carries out line with the direction for being parallel to the axis of dam
Shape detonation or rectangular detonation promote explosion to the direction perpendicular to the axis of dam after the completion paragraph by paragraph, to guarantee curved surface segmental arc basis
Blasting Excavation molding effect.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 rock curved surface of the present invention basis vertical hole arranges sectional view.
Fig. 2 vertical steel for shot sectional view in rock curved surface basis of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is blast hole loading structure and buffer layer schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 this rock curved surface basis tangent line corner schematic diagram.
The linear primer arrangement schematic diagram of Fig. 5 sheet.
The rectangular primer arrangement schematic diagram of Fig. 6 sheet.
In figure: draft it is quick-fried except step 1, vertical hole 2, the curved surface dam foundation 3, bottom hole outdrill section 4, vertical blasthole 5, blocking section 6,
Powder charge section 7, foundation plane control elevation 9, round 10, first tangent line 11, the second tangent line 12, drafts fuze action zone 13 at buffer layer 8.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described further with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiment 1:
Referring to Fig. 1-6, a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method, it includes the following steps:
Step1: according to the rock foundation tangent line corner condition of the curved surface dam foundation (3), corresponding blasthole aperture mode, multiple big guns are selected
The interlaced array type arrangement in hole；
Step2: being drilled with blasthole, buffer layer 8 is arranged in blasthole bottom, and fill to foundation plane and control elevation 9；
Step3: powder charge networking, be parallel to the axis of dam direction carry out subregion detonation, then to the direction perpendicular to the axis of dam by
Section promotes explosion.
Further, steel for shot form in the Step1 is divided into two kinds according to rock foundation tangent line corner condition: when
When tangent line corner B is greater than 30 °, the cloth well format of vertical blasthole 5 is selected；When tangent line corner B is less than 30 °, vertical hole 2 is selected
Cloth well format.The tangent line corner B is to be formed by angle by the first tangent line 11 and the intersection of the second tangent line 12.
Further, the vertical blasthole 5 of the Step1 is the blasthole with horizontal plane；Vertical hole 2 be and blasthole bottom end
The perpendicular blasthole of stone foundation tangent line.
Further, the array type is arranged as quincuncial arrangement.
Further, buffer layer 8 is arranged inside 3 basis bottom hole outdrill section 4 below of the curved surface dam foundation in the Step2.
Further, the buffer layer 8 is using rubble as padded coaming, and size controlling is in 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of aperture.Energy
Blasting vibration is enough effectively reduced, the damage of bottom rock mass is controlled.
Further, the depth of the bottom hole outdrill section 4 is A, and the value of the A is at least 10cm.
Further, buffer layer 8, powder charge section 7 and stifled are sequentially consisted of in the vertical blasthole 5 or vertical hole 2
Fill in section 6.Blasting vibration can be reduced by above-mentioned arrangement, control the damage of bottom rock mass.
Further, the detonation of subregion described in the Step3 is with the explosion of single camber basis to be first, i.e., to be parallel to song
The direction of 3 axis of the face dam foundation carries out linear detonation or rectangular detonation, completes to use perpendicular to the direction of 3 axis of the curved surface dam foundation backward
The mode of linear detonation or rectangular detonation promotes explosion paragraph by paragraph.
Further, blasthole is being drafted inside fuze action zone 13 according to a plurality of linear staggered row in the linear initiation process
The mode of column is arranged, and in detonation, according to C, D, E, F, successively linear detonation mode detonates.
Further, blasthole is interlocked inside fuze action zone 13 according to multiple quadrangles drafting in the rectangular initiation process
The mode of arrangement is arranged, and in detonation, according to G, H, I, J, successively rectangular detonation mode detonates.
Embodiment 2:
Certain hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering curved surface dam foundation excavation using a kind of above-mentioned rock curved surface basis vertical hole Blasting Excavation mode into
Row excavates.
It is one section, 12m × 12m, area 144m in the curved surface dam foundation that this, which drafts quick-fried area,2, draft it is quick-fried except the height of step 15 ~
6m, quick-fried area's tangent line corner is about 20o.It is required according to dam foundation excavation Forming Quality and tangent line corner condition, cloth well format uses vertical
Straight blasthole；Quincunx cloth hole is carried out on quick-fried area's step first, using array pitch between 1.2m × 1.2m；When being drilled with blasthole, outdrill
Buffer layer is arranged in 10cm, is filled with rubble to bottom hole and controls elevation；Control unit consumption is basically unchanged with conventional blast technical solution,
For 0.4kg/m3；Powder charge networking carries out linear detonation mode to be parallel to axis of dam direction, then to perpendicular to axis of dam direction by
Section promotes explosion, the bench excavation being finally completed on the basis of curved surface.
Embodiment 3:
It is one section, 12m × 12m, area 144m in the curved surface dam foundation that this, which drafts quick-fried area,2, draft quick-fried except the 5 ~ 6m of height of step 1, cut
Line corner about 35o.It is required according to dam foundation excavation Forming Quality and tangent line corner condition, cloth well format uses vertical blasthole；First
Quincunx cloth hole is carried out on quick-fried area's step, using array pitch between 1.0m × 1.0m；When being drilled with blasthole, outdrill 10cm, setting is delayed
Layer is rushed, controls elevation to fill after rubble to bottom hole；Control unit consumption is basically unchanged with conventional blast technical solution, is 0.4kg/
m3；Powder charge networking carries out rectangular detonation to be parallel to axis of dam direction, then promotes explosion paragraph by paragraph to perpendicular to axis of dam direction,
The bench excavation being finally completed on the basis of curved surface.
The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and are not construed as limitation of the invention, this hair
Bright protection scope should be with the technical solution of claim record, technical characteristic in the technical solution recorded including claim
Equivalents are protection scope.Equivalent replacement i.e. within this range is improved, also within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps:
Step1: according to the rock foundation tangent line corner condition of the curved surface dam foundation (3), corresponding blasthole aperture mode, multiple big guns are selected
The interlaced array type arrangement in hole；
Step2: being drilled with blasthole, buffer layer (8) is arranged in blasthole bottom, and fill to foundation plane and control elevation (9)；
Step3: powder charge networking, be parallel to the axis of dam direction carry out subregion detonation, then to the direction perpendicular to the axis of dam by
Section promotes explosion.
2. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Blasthole aperture mode in Step1 is divided into two kinds according to rock foundation tangent line corner condition: when tangent line corner B is greater than 30 °, choosing
Select the cloth well format of vertical blasthole (5)；When tangent line corner B is less than 30 °, the cloth well format of vertical hole (2) is selected.
3. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Buffer layer (8) setting is internal in the curved surface dam foundation (3) basis bottom hole outdrill section (4) below in Step2.
4. according to claim 1 or a kind of 3 rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging methods, it is characterised in that: described
Buffer layer (8) is using rubble as padded coaming, and size controlling is in 1/3 ~ 1/2 times of aperture.
5. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the bottom hole
The depth of outdrill section (4) is A, and the value of the A is at least 10cm.
6. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described vertical
Buffer layer (8), powder charge section (7) and blocking section (6) are sequentially consisted of in blasthole (5) or vertical hole (2).
7. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
The detonation of subregion described in Step3 is with the explosion of single camber basis for first, i.e., be parallel to the direction of the curved surface dam foundation (3) axis into
The detonation of line shape or rectangular detonation are completed to use linear detonation or rectangular perpendicular to the direction of the curved surface dam foundation (3) axis backward
Quick-fried mode promotes explosion paragraph by paragraph.
8. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described linear
By blasthole, fuze action zone (13) is internal to be arranged according to a plurality of linear staggered mode drafting in initiation process, is being risen
It detonates when quick-fried according to successively linear detonation mode.
9. a kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: described rectangular
By blasthole, fuze action zone (13) is internal to be arranged according to the staggered mode of multiple quadrangles drafting in initiation process,
It detonates when detonation according to successively rectangular detonation mode.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910120437.1A CN109682271A (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | A kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910120437.1A CN109682271A (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | A kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109682271A true CN109682271A (en) | 2019-04-26 |
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ID=66196598
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910120437.1A Pending CN109682271A (en) | 2019-02-18 | 2019-02-18 | A kind of rock curved surface basis vertical hole blasting digging method |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104215137A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation |
| CN104654941A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-05-27 | 武汉大学 | Dam foundation rapid excavation blasting forming method based on mixed loading truck |
| CN105970966A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-28 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Excavation construction method for weak disturbed belt at foundation of super-high arch dam |
| CN106440980A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 广东省建筑工程机械施工有限公司 | Multi-boundary foundation pit blasting method |
| CN208310794U (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-01-01 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | The tunnel-liner of haunch floor type and the drainage system of leaked oil is arranged in tunnel bottom |
-
2019
- 2019-02-18 CN CN201910120437.1A patent/CN109682271A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104215137A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-17 | 武汉大学 | Method for blasting and excavating dam foundation and rock foundation |
| CN104654941A (en) * | 2015-03-02 | 2015-05-27 | 武汉大学 | Dam foundation rapid excavation blasting forming method based on mixed loading truck |
| CN105970966A (en) * | 2016-05-17 | 2016-09-28 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Excavation construction method for weak disturbed belt at foundation of super-high arch dam |
| CN106440980A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-02-22 | 广东省建筑工程机械施工有限公司 | Multi-boundary foundation pit blasting method |
| CN208310794U (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-01-01 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | The tunnel-liner of haunch floor type and the drainage system of leaked oil is arranged in tunnel bottom |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 叶靖: ""大花水水电站坝基开挖施工技术"", 《贵州水力发电》 * |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190426 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |