CN109682064B

CN109682064B - Atmospheric hot-blast stove

Info

Publication number: CN109682064B
Application number: CN201910117870.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黎汉东
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-02-15
Filing date: 2019-02-15
Publication date: 2021-01-15
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-15
Also published as: CN109682064A

Abstract

The invention discloses a normal-pressure hot blast stove which comprises a stove shell and a hearth wall, wherein a heat-insulating layer is arranged on the inner wall of the stove shell, and a stove door is arranged in front of the stove shell; the furnace wall is arranged in the furnace shell, a smoke outlet is arranged on the furnace wall far away from the side of the furnace door, a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall, an ash collecting chamber is arranged at the lower part of the fire grate, and hot air bins are arranged at two sides and the rear part of the ash collecting chamber; the hot air bin is provided with a hot air outlet; an air inlet bin is arranged at the top of the hearth wall; the air inlet bin is provided with an air inlet, and an air blower is arranged on the air inlet; the normal-pressure hot blast stove also comprises an equalizer, wherein the equalizer is in a hollow square cylinder shape or cylinder shape, one end surface or one end surface and the bottom surface of the equalizer are not closed, the other surfaces of the equalizer are provided with a plurality of small holes, and the inside of the equalizer is used as a combustion chamber; a plurality of aluminum air guide pipes are arranged between the equalizer and the hearth wall; the upper end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet bin, and the lower end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the hot air bin. The hot blast stove has simple structure, low cost and heat energy conversion rate up to 90%.

Description

Atmospheric hot-blast stove

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hot blast stove equipment, in particular to a normal-pressure hot blast stove.

Technical Field

The hot blast stove is a thermodynamic machine, is widely applied in China in the end of the 20 th century 70 s, and becomes an upgrading product of an electric heat source and a traditional steam power heat source in many industries. The hot blast stove has various types and complete series, and is divided into a hand-burning furnace and a machine-burning furnace by a coal feeding mode, and is divided into a coal furnace, an oil furnace, a gas furnace and the like by fuel types.

The existing hot blast stove has two types, namely a direct combustion type hot blast stove and an indirect heat exchange type hot blast stove, the mechanical property of the direct combustion type hot blast stove is damaged due to high-temperature oxidation caused by long-term work of the pipe wall under a high-temperature state, the pipe wall and a welded junction are cracked frequently, the service life is influenced, the working time of the direct combustion type hot blast stove is about 20-50 days, the indirect hot blast stove has overlarge requirements on an air cooler, the pipe wall temperature can be protected, the service life is prolonged, the heat energy loss is high, the heat efficiency is poor, the steel consumption is high, and the economic index is not satisfactory.

Research shows that the air pipe of the hot blast stove commonly used by people is arranged in a hearth, cold air is blown in from one end of the air pipe by an air blower, then the air pipe is heated by fuel combustion, the cold air in the air pipe is heated into hot air, and finally the discharged hot air is used for drying materials. Because the air pipe is arranged in the hearth, the temperature in the hearth is higher, the melting point of the aluminum pipe is 635 ℃, the aluminum pipe cannot be directly arranged in the hearth to be used as the air pipe, and the air pipe only can use the pipe made of materials with higher melting points, such as steel, iron, copper and the like, as the air pipe; however, the inner walls of the steel pipe and the iron pipe are easy to rust, and the guided hot air is not clean; when hot air with higher cleaning rate is needed, the air pipe can only select a stainless steel pipe or a copper pipe; the adoption of stainless steel pipes and copper pipes as air pipes has respective advantages and disadvantages: the stainless steel pipe is low in price, but the heat conductivity coefficient is low and is only about 17, and the heat energy conversion rate is low; the copper pipe is expensive, and the heat conductivity coefficient is as high as about 380. Therefore, when hot air with high cleaning rate is needed, the copper pipe or the stainless steel pipe is not the best choice as the air pipe of the hot blast stove. When the clean rate of the hot air is not required, pipes made of materials with higher melting points, such as steel, iron, copper and the like, can be used as air pipes, but the heat energy of the flue gas is not recovered, so that the heat is not fully utilized.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a normal-pressure hot blast stove, when hot blast with higher cleaning rate is needed, an aluminum pipe can be used as an air pipe of the hot blast stove and is arranged in a hearth, so that the cost can be reduced, the heat energy conversion rate can be ensured, hot blast with higher cleaning rate is led out, an aluminum flue gas pipe can be arranged, and blown cold air is used for cooling the aluminum flue gas pipe, so that the energy exchange is realized, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the cold air is changed into hot blast, and the full utilization of heat is realized. When the cleaning rate of the hot air is not required, pipes made of materials with higher melting points, such as steel, iron, copper and the like, can be used as air pipes, and meanwhile, aluminum flue gas pipes are arranged, and blown cold air is used for cooling the aluminum flue gas pipes, so that energy exchange is realized, the temperature of the flue gas is reduced, the cold air is changed into hot air, and the heat is fully utilized.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:

when hot air with higher cleaning rate is needed, the normal-pressure hot air furnace comprises a furnace shell and a hearth wall, wherein the inner wall of the furnace shell is provided with a heat-insulating layer, and a furnace door is arranged in front of the furnace shell; the furnace wall is arranged in the furnace shell, a smoke outlet is arranged on the furnace wall far away from the side of the furnace door, a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall, an ash collecting chamber is arranged at the lower part of the fire grate, a hot air bin interlayer is arranged at the inner lower part of the furnace shell, and the two sides and the rear part of the ash collecting chamber are divided into mutually communicated hot air bins by the hot air bin interlayer; the hot air bin is provided with a hot air outlet, and hot air discharged from the hot air outlet is conveyed to a place needing hot air through a hot air conveying pipe; the top of the hearth wall is provided with an air bin interlayer which partitions the upper part in the furnace shell into an air inlet bin; the air inlet bin is provided with an air inlet, and an air blower is arranged on the air inlet; the normal-pressure hot blast stove also comprises an equalizer, wherein the equalizer is in a hollow square cylinder shape or a cylinder shape, one end surface or one end surface and the bottom surface of the equalizer are not closed, and the other surfaces are provided with a plurality of small holes; when the bottom surface is not closed, the arranged holes need to meet the ash discharge requirement; the aperture of the small hole is required to meet the requirements of the outer flame of flame and local high-temperature heat energy generated by carbon fire accumulation, the heat energy is lower than the melting point of the air guide pipe when passing through the small hole, and the aperture of the small hole is generally arranged between 6 and 15 millimeters; the hole pitch of the small holes, namely the density of the small holes, needs to meet the ventilation quantity, the heat emission quantity and the smoke discharge quantity of the equalizer, and the hole pitch of the small holes is generally not less than 3 cm; the equalizer is made of refractory materials, and can also be made of high-temperature resistant steel or alloy materials; the equalizer is arranged in the hearth wall, the unclosed end face corresponds to the position of the furnace door, fuel enters from the unclosed end face, and the equalizer is used as a combustion chamber and can throw the fuel into the combustion chamber from the furnace door; when fuel is combusted in the equalizer, the outer flame of flame and local high-temperature heat energy generated by carbon fire accumulation can pass through the small holes in a uniformly dispersed manner due to the limitation of the aperture when the fuel passes through the small holes, so that the temperature during passing is reduced, and the air guide pipe and the heat conducting fins outside the equalizer are protected and cannot be burnt out; a plurality of aluminum air guide pipes are arranged between the equalizer and the hearth wall; the upper end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet bin, and the lower end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the hot air bin; the air guide pipes can not be tightly attached to the wall of the hearth and need to be spaced more than 2 cm.

Preferably: a furnace shell at the rear part of the hearth wall is internally provided with a flue gas waste heat recovery chamber, the top of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with an air inlet bin through a vent, and the bottom of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with a hot air bin through an air passing port; a smoke pipe is arranged in the smoke waste heat recovery chamber, one end of the smoke pipe is connected with a smoke outlet on the wall of the hearth, and the other end of the smoke pipe is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe arranged outside the furnace shell; the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with an induced draft fan.

Preferably: the smoke exhaust port is a plurality of, the number of flue gas pipe corresponds with the number of smoke exhaust port, flue gas pipe one end is connected with the smoke exhaust port, the other end is connected with the smoke exhaust pipe through the smoke collection box.

Preferably: the flue gas pipe is made of an aluminum pipe.

Preferably: the flue gas pipe is in a shape similar to an inverted Chinese character 'ji', and a partition plate is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber and is arranged in the middle of the flue gas pipe in the shape similar to the inverted Chinese character 'ji'.

When the clean rate of hot air is not required, pipes made of materials with higher melting points, such as steel, iron, copper and the like, can be used as air pipes, aluminum flue gas pipes are arranged at the same time, and blown cold air is used for cooling the aluminum flue gas pipes, so that energy exchange is realized, the temperature of flue gas is reduced, the cold air is changed into hot air, and the heat is fully utilized; the furnace wall is arranged in the furnace shell, a smoke outlet is arranged on the furnace wall far away from the side of the furnace door, a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall, an ash collecting chamber is arranged at the lower part of the fire grate, a hot air bin interlayer is arranged at the inner lower part of the furnace shell, and the inner lower part of the furnace shell is divided into hot air bins by the hot air bin interlayer; the hot air chamber is provided with a hot air outlet, the top of the hearth wall is provided with an air chamber interlayer, and the upper part in the furnace shell is divided into an air inlet chamber by the air chamber interlayer; the air inlet bin is provided with an air inlet, and an air blower is arranged on the air inlet; a plurality of air guide pipes are arranged in the hearth wall; the upper end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet bin, and the lower end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the hot air bin; a mesh plate is also arranged at the inner top of the hearth wall; a plurality of aluminum flue gas pipes are arranged in the air inlet bin, one ends of the aluminum flue gas pipes are respectively communicated with the cavity between the hearth wall and the mesh plate, and the other ends of the aluminum flue gas pipes are connected with a smoke exhaust pipe through a smoke collection box; the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with an induced draft fan. The aperture of the small hole of the mesh plate needs to meet the requirements of local high-temperature heat energy generated by flame outer flame and carbon fire accumulation, and is lower than the melting point of an aluminum flue gas pipe when passing through the small hole, and the aperture of the small hole is generally set between 6 and 15 millimeters; the pitch of the small holes, namely the density of the small holes, needs to meet the ventilation quantity, the heat emission quantity and the smoke discharge quantity of the hot blast stove, and the pitch of the small holes is generally not less than 3 cm; the mesh plate is made of refractory materials, and can also be made of high-temperature resistant steel or alloy materials.

When the flue gas pipe is arranged in the air inlet bin, the normal-pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell and a hearth wall, wherein the inner wall of the stove shell is provided with a heat-insulating layer, and a stove door is arranged in front of the stove shell; the furnace wall sets up in the stove outer covering, is provided with the exhaust port on keeping away from the furnace door side's the furnace wall, and furnace wall bottom is provided with the grate, and the grate lower part is provided with album ash chamber, its characterized in that: the inner lower part of the furnace shell is provided with a hot air bin interlayer which divides the inner lower part of the furnace shell into hot air bins; the hot air chamber is provided with a hot air outlet, the top of the hearth wall is provided with an air chamber interlayer, and the upper part in the furnace shell is divided into an air inlet chamber by the air chamber interlayer; the air inlet bin is provided with an air inlet, and an air blower is arranged on the air inlet; a plurality of air guide pipes are arranged in the hearth wall; the upper end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the air inlet bin, and the lower end of the air guide pipe is communicated with the hot air bin; a mesh plate is also arranged at the inner top of the hearth wall; a furnace shell at the rear part of the hearth wall is internally provided with a flue gas waste heat recovery chamber, the top of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with an air inlet bin through a vent, and the bottom of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with a hot air bin through an air passing port; a flue gas pipe is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber, one end of the flue gas pipe is communicated with a cavity between the hearth wall and the mesh plate, and the other end of the flue gas pipe is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe arranged outside the furnace shell; the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with an induced draft fan.

According to the atmospheric hot blast stove, preferably: a rear ventilation channel is reserved between the two sides of the hearth wall and the furnace shell, namely the side surface of the hearth wall is not close to the inner wall of the furnace shell, a distance is reserved, the top of the ventilation channel is communicated with the air inlet bin, and the bottom of the ventilation channel is communicated with the hot air bin through the air passing opening.

Preferably: a plurality of vertically arranged heat conducting fins are arranged outside the two sides of the hearth wall; the heat conducting sheet is also made of aluminum.

The air blower adopts a variable frequency air blower, and the feeding and blowing quantity is controlled by a controller, so that the temperature of hot air is kept within a stable range value.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. this ordinary pressure hot-blast furnace installs the balanced device in the furnace wall, when fuel burns in the balanced device, the outer flame of flame and charcoal fire pile up produced local high temperature heat energy, when passing the aperture on the balanced device, owing to receive the restriction in aperture, can very even dispersion just can pass through, thereby reduced the temperature when passing through, thereby play the guide duct and the conducting strip of the outer aluminium matter of protection balanced device, make it can not burnt out, thereby can adopt the aluminium matter pipe as the tuber pipe, can reduce manufacturing cost, improve heat exchange efficiency.

2. A smoke waste heat recovery chamber is arranged in the furnace shell of the hearth wall, the top of the smoke waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with the air inlet bin through a vent, and the bottom of the smoke waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with the hot air bin through an air passing opening; an aluminum flue gas pipe is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber, heat in the tail gas is utilized to heat hot air, the heat energy is fully utilized, and the exhaust temperature of the tail gas is reduced.

3. A rear ventilation channel is reserved between the two sides of the hearth wall and the furnace shell, namely the side surface of the hearth wall is not close to the inner wall of the furnace shell and has a distance, the top of the ventilation channel is communicated with the air inlet bin, and the bottom of the ventilation channel is communicated with the hot air bin through an air passing port; a plurality of vertically placed aluminum heat conducting fins are arranged outside two sides of the hearth wall; the cold air is heated by using the heat dissipated outside through heat collection and conduction of the aluminum heat-conducting fins, the heat dissipated outside is prevented from being not fully utilized, and the heat energy conversion rate can reach over 90 percent under the combined action of the air guide pipe and the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the atmospheric hot blast stove;

FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2;

the names of the sequence numbers in the figure are:

1. the device comprises a furnace shell, 2, a heat preservation layer, 3, heat conducting fins, 4, a furnace wall, 5, an air guide pipe, 6, an equalizer, 7, an air bin interlayer, 8, an air inlet bin, 9, an air inlet, 10, an air blower, 11, a furnace door, 12, a hot air bin interlayer, 13, an air passing opening, 14, a hot air outlet, 15, a hot air bin, 16, an ash collecting chamber, 17, a grate, 18, a ventilation opening, 19, a flue gas waste heat recovery chamber, 20, a partition plate, 21, a flue gas pipe, 22, a smoke collecting box, 23, a smoke exhaust pipe, 24 and an induced draft fan.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical scheme and advantages of the present application clearer, the following description clearly and completely describes the technical scheme of the atmospheric hot blast stove with reference to the embodiment and the accompanying drawings.

As shown in the figure:

example 1

A normal pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell 1 and a hearth wall 4, wherein the inner wall of the stove shell 1 is provided with a heat preservation layer 2, and a stove door 11 is arranged in front of the stove shell 1; the furnace wall 4 is arranged in the furnace shell 1, a smoke exhaust port is arranged on the furnace wall 4 far away from the side of the furnace door 11, a fire grate 17 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall 4, an ash collecting chamber 16 is arranged at the lower part of the fire grate 17, a hot air bin interlayer 12 is arranged at the inner lower part of the furnace shell 1, and two sides and the rear part of the ash collecting chamber 16 are partitioned into hot air bins 15 which are communicated with each other by the hot air bin interlayer 12; the hot air bin 15 is provided with a hot air outlet 14, and hot air discharged from the hot air outlet 14 is conveyed to a place needing hot air through a hot air conveying pipe; the top of the hearth wall 4 is provided with an air bin interlayer 7, and the upper part in the furnace shell 1 is divided into an air inlet bin 8 by the air bin interlayer 7; the air inlet bin 8 is provided with an air inlet 9, and an air blower 10 is arranged on the air inlet 9; the normal-pressure hot blast stove also comprises an equalizer 6, wherein the equalizer 6 is in a hollow square cylinder or cylinder shape, one end surface or one end surface and the bottom surface of the equalizer 6 are not closed, and the other surfaces are provided with a plurality of small holes; the equalizer 6 is arranged in the hearth wall 4, the unclosed end surface corresponds to the position of the furnace door 11, and the equalizer 6 is used as a combustion chamber and can throw fuel into the combustion chamber from the furnace door 11; a plurality of aluminum air guide pipes 5 are arranged between the equalizer 6 and the hearth wall 4; the upper end of the air guide pipe 5 is communicated with the air inlet bin 8, and the lower end is communicated with the hot air bin 15. The air guide pipes 5 can not be tightly attached to the hearth wall 4 and need to be spaced more than 2 cm.

Example 2

A normal pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell 1 and a hearth wall 4, wherein the inner wall of the stove shell 1 is provided with a heat preservation layer 2, and a stove door 11 is arranged in front of the stove shell 1; the furnace wall 4 is arranged in the furnace shell 1, a smoke exhaust port is arranged on the furnace wall 4 far away from the side of the furnace door 11, a fire grate 17 is arranged at the bottom of the furnace wall 4, an ash collecting chamber 16 is arranged at the lower part of the fire grate 17, a hot air bin interlayer 12 is arranged at the inner lower part of the furnace shell 1, and two sides and the rear part of the ash collecting chamber 16 are partitioned into hot air bins 15 which are communicated with each other by the hot air bin interlayer 12; the hot air bin 15 is provided with a hot air outlet 14, and hot air discharged from the hot air outlet 14 is conveyed to a place needing hot air through a hot air conveying pipe; the top of the hearth wall 4 is provided with an air bin interlayer 7, and the upper part in the furnace shell 1 is divided into an air inlet bin 8 by the air bin interlayer 7; the air inlet bin 8 is provided with an air inlet 9, and an air blower 10 is arranged on the air inlet 9; the normal-pressure hot blast stove also comprises an equalizer 6, wherein the equalizer 6 is in a hollow square cylinder or cylinder shape, one end surface or one end surface and the bottom surface of the equalizer 6 are not closed, and the other surfaces are provided with a plurality of small holes; the equalizer 6 is arranged in the hearth wall 4, the unclosed end surface corresponds to the position of the furnace door 11, and the equalizer 6 is used as a combustion chamber and can throw fuel into the combustion chamber from the furnace door 11; a plurality of aluminum air guide pipes 5 are arranged between the equalizer 6 and the hearth wall 4; the upper end of the air guide pipe 5 is communicated with the air inlet bin 8, and the lower end is communicated with the hot air bin 15.

A flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19 is arranged in the furnace shell 1 at the rear part of the hearth wall 4, the top of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19 is communicated with the air inlet bin 8 through a vent 18, and the bottom of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with the hot air bin 15 through an air passing opening 13; a flue gas pipe 21 is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19, one end of the flue gas pipe 21 is connected with a smoke outlet on the hearth wall 4, and the other end of the flue gas pipe 21 is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe 23 arranged outside the furnace shell 1; and an induced draft fan 24 is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe 23.

Example 3

The number of the smoke exhaust ports is multiple, the number of the smoke exhaust ports corresponds to that of the smoke exhaust ports, one end of each smoke exhaust pipe 21 is connected with the corresponding smoke exhaust port, and the other end of each smoke exhaust pipe 21 is connected with the corresponding smoke exhaust pipe 23 through the corresponding smoke collection box 22.

The flue gas pipe 21 is made of an aluminum pipe.

Example 4

The flue gas pipe 21 is made of an aluminum pipe.

The flue gas pipe 21 is in a shape similar to an inverted Chinese character 'ji', a partition plate 20 is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19, and the partition plate 20 is arranged in the middle of the flue gas pipe 21 in the shape similar to the inverted Chinese character 'ji'.

Example 5

The flue gas pipe 21 is made of an aluminum pipe.

A rear ventilation channel is reserved between the two sides of the rear part of the hearth wall 4 and the furnace shell 1, namely, the side surface of the hearth wall 4 is not close to the inner wall of the furnace shell 1, a distance is reserved, the top of the ventilation channel is communicated with the air inlet bin 8, and the bottom of the ventilation channel is communicated with the hot air bin 15 through the air passing opening 13.

The outer parts of two sides of the hearth wall 4 are provided with a plurality of vertically arranged heat conducting fins 3.

Example 6

A normal pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell 1 and a hearth wall 4, wherein the inner wall of the stove shell 1 is provided with a heat preservation layer 2, and a stove door 11 is arranged in front of the stove shell 1; the furnace chamber wall 4 is arranged in the furnace shell 1, the furnace chamber wall 4 far away from the furnace door 11 side is provided with a smoke exhaust port, the bottom of the furnace chamber wall 4 is provided with a fire grate 17, the lower part of the fire grate 17 is provided with an ash collecting chamber 16, the inner lower part of the furnace shell 1 is provided with a hot air bin interlayer 12, and the inner lower part of the furnace shell 1 is divided into a hot air bin 15 by the hot air bin interlayer 12; the hot air bin 15 is provided with a hot air outlet 14, the top of the hearth wall 4 is provided with an air bin interlayer 7, and the upper part in the furnace shell 1 is divided into an air inlet bin 8 by the air bin interlayer 7; the air inlet bin 8 is provided with an air inlet 9, and an air blower 10 is arranged on the air inlet 9; a plurality of air guide pipes 5 are arranged in the hearth wall 4; the upper end of the air guide pipe 5 is communicated with the air inlet bin 8, and the lower end is communicated with the hot air bin 15; a mesh plate is also arranged at the inner top of the hearth wall 4; a plurality of aluminum flue gas pipes 21 are arranged in the air inlet bin 8, one ends of the aluminum flue gas pipes 21 are respectively communicated with the cavity between the hearth wall 4 and the mesh plate, and the other ends of the aluminum flue gas pipes are connected with a smoke exhaust pipe 23 through a smoke collection box 22; and an induced draft fan 24 is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe 23.

A rear ventilation channel is reserved between the two sides of the hearth wall 4 and the furnace shell 1, namely, the side surface of the hearth wall 4 is not close to the inner wall of the furnace shell 1, a distance is reserved, the top of the ventilation channel is communicated with the air inlet bin 8, and the bottom of the ventilation channel is communicated with the hot air bin 15 through the air passing opening 13.

Example 7

A normal pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell 1 and a hearth wall 4, wherein the inner wall of the stove shell 1 is provided with a heat preservation layer 2, and a stove door 11 is arranged in front of the stove shell 1; furnace wall 4 sets up in stove outer covering 1, is provided with the exhaust port on keeping away from furnace wall 4 of furnace gate 11 side, and furnace wall 4 bottom is provided with grate 17, and grate 17 lower part is provided with album of dust room 16, its characterized in that: the inner lower part of the furnace shell 1 is provided with a hot air bin interlayer 12, and the inner lower part of the furnace shell 1 is divided into a hot air bin 15 by the hot air bin interlayer 12; the hot air bin 15 is provided with a hot air outlet 14, the top of the hearth wall 4 is provided with an air bin interlayer 7, and the upper part in the furnace shell 1 is divided into an air inlet bin 8 by the air bin interlayer 7; the air inlet bin 8 is provided with an air inlet 9, and an air blower 10 is arranged on the air inlet 9; a plurality of air guide pipes 5 are arranged in the hearth wall 4; the upper end of the air guide pipe 5 is communicated with the air inlet bin 8, and the lower end is communicated with the hot air bin 15; a mesh plate is also arranged at the inner top of the hearth wall 4; a flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19 is arranged in the furnace shell 1 at the rear part of the hearth wall 4, the top of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19 is communicated with the air inlet bin 8 through a vent 18, and the bottom of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with the hot air bin 15 through an air passing opening 13; a flue gas pipe 21 is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19, one end of the flue gas pipe 21 is communicated with a cavity between the hearth wall 4 and the mesh plate, and the other end of the flue gas pipe 21 is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe 23 arranged outside the furnace shell 1; and an induced draft fan 24 is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe 23.

The working process of the normal-pressure hot blast stove in the embodiment 5 of the invention is as follows: fuel is thrown into the equalizer 6 from the furnace door 11 for combustion, and furnace ash is discharged into the ash collecting chamber 16 from the furnace grate 17; the air blower 10 blows cold air into the air inlet bin 8, then the cold air respectively enters the air duct between the hearth wall 4 and the furnace shell 1, the air guide pipe 5 and the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19, and the air guide pipe 5 is heated due to the fact that fuel is combusted in the equalizer 6 to generate heat and is diffused outwards from the small hole in the equalizer 6, so that the air in the air guide pipe 5 is heated; the residual heat is transferred to the heat conducting fins 3 outside the hearth wall 4 through heat transfer, and due to the heat collecting and conducting effect of the heat conducting fins 3, the wind in the ventilation duct is heated; the cold air enters the hot air cabin 15 after being heated; the flue gas pipe 21 is communicated with the smoke exhaust port, heat is carried in the tail gas, the flue gas pipe 21 can emit heat, cold air enters the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19 from the ventilation port 18 between the air inlet bin 8 and the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber 19, heat exchange is carried out between the cold air and the flue gas pipe 21, the flue gas pipe 21 is cooled, the tail gas is also cooled, and the cold air becomes hot air and enters the hot air bin 15; hot air discharged from the hot air outlet 14 is conveyed to a place needing hot air through a hot air conveying pipe; the cooled tail gas is discharged through a smoke discharge pipe 23 under the action of a draught fan 24.

It is to be understood that the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and those skilled in the art should understand that they can make various changes, modifications, additions and substitutions within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A normal pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell (1) and a hearth wall (4), wherein the inner wall of the stove shell (1) is provided with a heat-insulating layer (2), and a stove door (11) is arranged in front of the stove shell (1); furnace wall (4) set up in stove outer covering (1), are provided with the exhaust port on keeping away from furnace wall (4) of furnace gate (11) side, and furnace wall (4) bottom is provided with grate (17), and grate (17) lower part is provided with album ash chamber (16), its characterized in that: the lower part in the furnace shell (1) is provided with a hot air bin interlayer (12), and the hot air bin interlayer (12) divides the two sides and the rear part of the dust collecting chamber (16) into mutually communicated hot air bins (15); the hot air bin (15) is provided with a hot air outlet (14), the top of the hearth wall (4) is provided with an air bin interlayer (7), and the upper part in the furnace shell (1) is divided into an air inlet bin (8) by the air bin interlayer (7); the air inlet bin (8) is provided with an air inlet (9), and the air inlet (9) is provided with an air blower (10); the normal-pressure hot blast stove also comprises an equalizer (6), wherein the equalizer (6) is in a hollow square cylinder shape or cylinder shape, one end surface or one end surface and the bottom surface of the equalizer are not closed, and the other surfaces are provided with a plurality of small holes; the aperture of the small hole needs to meet the requirement that the local high-temperature heat energy generated by the outer flame of the flame and the carbon fire accumulation is lower than the melting point of the air guide pipe when passing through the small hole, and the aperture of the small hole is arranged between 6 and 15 millimeters; the hole pitch of the small holes, namely the density of the small holes, needs to meet the ventilation quantity, the heat energy emission quantity and the smoke discharge quantity of the equalizer, the hole pitch of the small holes is not less than 3 cm, and the equalizer is made of refractory materials; the equalizer (6) is arranged in the hearth wall (4), the unclosed end surface corresponds to the position of the furnace door (11), the equalizer (6) is used as a combustion chamber, and a plurality of aluminum air guide pipes (5) are arranged between the equalizer (6) and the hearth wall (4); the upper end of the air guide pipe (5) is communicated with the air inlet bin (8), and the lower end is communicated with the hot air bin (15); the air guide pipes (5) can not be tightly attached to the hearth wall (4) and need to be spaced more than 2 cm.

2. The atmospheric hot blast stove according to claim 1, characterized in that: a flue gas waste heat recovery chamber (19) is arranged in the furnace shell (1) at the rear part of the hearth wall (4), the top of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber (19) is communicated with the air inlet bin (8) through a vent (18), and the bottom of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with the hot air bin (15) through an air passing opening (13); a flue gas pipe (21) is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber (19), one end of the flue gas pipe (21) is connected with a smoke outlet on the hearth wall (4), and the other end of the flue gas pipe (21) is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe (23) arranged outside the furnace shell (1); and an induced draft fan (24) is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe (23).

3. The atmospheric hot blast stove according to claim 2, characterized in that: the smoke exhaust port is a plurality of, the number of flue gas pipe (21) corresponds with the number of smoke exhaust port, flue gas pipe (21) one end is connected with the smoke exhaust port, the other end is connected with smoke exhaust pipe (23) through collection smoke box (22).

4. The atmospheric hot blast stove according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flue gas pipe (21) is made of an aluminum pipe.

5. The atmospheric hot blast stove according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flue gas pipe (21) is in a shape similar to an inverted Chinese character 'ji', a partition plate (20) is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber (19), and the partition plate (20) is arranged in the middle of the flue gas pipe (21) in the shape similar to the inverted Chinese character 'ji'.

6. A normal pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell (1) and a hearth wall (4), wherein the inner wall of the stove shell (1) is provided with a heat-insulating layer (2), and a stove door (11) is arranged in front of the stove shell (1); furnace wall (4) set up in stove outer covering (1), are provided with the exhaust port on keeping away from furnace wall (4) of furnace gate (11) side, and furnace wall (4) bottom is provided with grate (17), and grate (17) lower part is provided with album ash chamber (16), its characterized in that: the inner lower part of the furnace shell (1) is provided with a hot air bin interlayer (12), and the inner lower part of the furnace shell (1) is divided into a hot air bin (15) by the hot air bin interlayer (12); the hot air bin (15) is provided with a hot air outlet (14), the top of the hearth wall (4) is provided with an air bin interlayer (7), and the upper part in the furnace shell (1) is divided into an air inlet bin (8) by the air bin interlayer (7); the air inlet bin (8) is provided with an air inlet (9), and the air inlet (9) is provided with an air blower (10); a plurality of air guide pipes (5) are arranged in the hearth wall (4); the upper end of the air guide pipe (5) is communicated with the air inlet bin (8), and the lower end is communicated with the hot air bin (15); the inner top of the hearth wall (4) is also provided with a mesh plate; a plurality of aluminum flue gas pipes (21) are arranged in the air inlet bin (8), one ends of the aluminum flue gas pipes (21) are respectively communicated with a cavity between the hearth wall (4) and the mesh plate, and the other ends of the aluminum flue gas pipes are connected with a smoke exhaust pipe (23) through a smoke collection box (22); an induced draft fan (24) is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe (23); the aperture of the small hole of the mesh plate needs to meet the requirement that the local high-temperature heat energy generated by the flame outer flame and the carbon fire accumulation is lower than the melting point of the aluminum flue gas pipe when passing through the small hole, and the aperture of the small hole is arranged between 6 and 15 millimeters; the pitch of the small holes, namely the density of the small holes, needs to meet the ventilation quantity, the heat emission quantity and the smoke discharge quantity of the hot blast stove, the pitch of the small holes is not less than 3 cm, and the mesh plate is made of refractory materials.

7. A normal pressure hot blast stove comprises a stove shell (1) and a hearth wall (4), wherein the inner wall of the stove shell (1) is provided with a heat-insulating layer (2), and a stove door (11) is arranged in front of the stove shell (1); furnace wall (4) set up in stove outer covering (1), are provided with the exhaust port on keeping away from furnace wall (4) of furnace gate (11) side, and furnace wall (4) bottom is provided with grate (17), and grate (17) lower part is provided with album ash chamber (16), its characterized in that: the inner lower part of the furnace shell (1) is provided with a hot air bin interlayer (12), and the inner lower part of the furnace shell (1) is divided into a hot air bin (15) by the hot air bin interlayer (12); the hot air bin (15) is provided with a hot air outlet (14), the top of the hearth wall (4) is provided with an air bin interlayer (7), and the upper part in the furnace shell (1) is divided into an air inlet bin (8) by the air bin interlayer (7); the air inlet bin (8) is provided with an air inlet (9), and the air inlet (9) is provided with an air blower (10); a plurality of air guide pipes (5) are arranged in the hearth wall (4); the upper end of the air guide pipe (5) is communicated with the air inlet bin (8), and the lower end is communicated with the hot air bin (15); the inner top of the hearth wall (4) is also provided with a mesh plate; a flue gas waste heat recovery chamber (19) is arranged in the furnace shell (1) at the rear part of the hearth wall (4), the top of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber (19) is communicated with the air inlet bin (8) through a vent (18), and the bottom of the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber is communicated with the hot air bin (15) through an air passing opening (13); a flue gas pipe (21) is arranged in the flue gas waste heat recovery chamber (19), one end of the flue gas pipe (21) is communicated with the cavity between the hearth wall 4 and the mesh plate, and the other end of the flue gas pipe (21) is connected with a smoke exhaust pipe (23) arranged outside the furnace shell (1); an induced draft fan (24) is arranged on the smoke exhaust pipe (23); the aperture of the small hole of the mesh plate needs to meet the requirement that the local high-temperature heat energy generated by the flame outer flame and the carbon fire accumulation is lower than the melting point of the aluminum flue gas pipe when passing through the small hole, and the aperture of the small hole is arranged between 6 and 15 millimeters; the pitch of the small holes, namely the density of the small holes, needs to meet the ventilation quantity, the heat emission quantity and the smoke discharge quantity of the hot blast stove, the pitch of the small holes is not less than 3 cm, and the mesh plate is made of refractory materials.

8. The atmospheric hot blast stove according to any of claims 1, 6 and 7, characterized in that: a rear ventilation channel is reserved between the two sides of the hearth wall (4) and the furnace shell (1), the top of the ventilation channel is communicated with the air inlet bin (8), and the bottom of the ventilation channel is communicated with the hot air bin (15) through an air passing opening (13).

9. The atmospheric hot blast stove according to claim 8, characterized in that: the outer parts of two sides of the hearth wall (4) are provided with a plurality of vertically arranged heat conducting fins (3).