CN109681881A - A kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique - Google Patents

A kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109681881A
CN109681881A CN201811600948.5A CN201811600948A CN109681881A CN 109681881 A CN109681881 A CN 109681881A CN 201811600948 A CN201811600948 A CN 201811600948A CN 109681881 A CN109681881 A CN 109681881A
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China
Prior art keywords
high viscosity
danger wastes
compatibility
substance
viscosity
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CN201811600948.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109681881B (en
Inventor
唐新宇
王永刚
程兆环
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TIANJIN SINOMA ENGINEERING RESEARCH CENTER Co.,Ltd.
Tianjin Cement Industry Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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Tianjin Cement Industry Design and Research Institute Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201811600948.5A priority Critical patent/CN109681881B/en
Publication of CN109681881A publication Critical patent/CN109681881A/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/033Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment comminuting or crushing
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/02Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
    • F23G5/04Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/20Dewatering by mechanical means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/70Blending
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23GCREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2201/00Pretreatment
    • F23G2201/80Shredding

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment techniques; belong to environmental protection technical field; include the following steps: to freeze: determining the cryogenic temperature of high viscosity danger wastes first; high viscosity danger wastes are cooled to the temperature; so that the viscosity of high viscosity danger wastes is disappeared, embodies brittleness;It is broken: the high viscosity danger wastes of bulk are crushed to the particle of specified particle size with crusher;Compatibility: the particle of specified particle size and compatibility substance are sufficiently mixed;Heating: mixture is warming up to room temperature;Screening: the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule for adhering to compatibility substance and compatibility substance are sieved, pretreatment finished product can be obtained.The present invention is difficult to the high viscosity danger wastes of conveying, storage, it is changed into the granular material for being readily delivered, storing, then by carrying out compatibility with unclassified stores, granular pretreatment finished product is made, can in the equipment such as incinerator full combustion, realize resource utilization.

Description

A kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental protection technical fields, more particularly to a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique.
Background technique
With China's expanding economy, China's danger wastes yield is also continuously increased.According to relevant report, China exists root About 40,000,000 tons of danger wastes yield in 2015;Some scholars think that 40,000,000 tons only include large industrial hazard The danger wastes of waste, many society sources are not disposed not only, even without being included in Statistics category.Therefore the danger in China The dangerous practical yield of waste is more surprising.And danger wastes disposition aspect, the dangerous waste of China's accredited unit in 2015 Object disposing capacity is 52,630,000 tons/year, theoretically has been over danger wastes yield, but practical disposition only about 1500 Ten thousand tons/year, i.e., practical disposing capacity is significantly less than approval disposing capacity.
High viscosity danger wastes account for about the 3-5% that danger wastes generate total amount, are at China's hazardous waste disposal Set one of the danger wastes that the relatively difficulty at center is set.After high viscosity danger wastes enter danger wastes disposition center, Size is larger, due to very high viscosity, can not be crushed with equipment such as crusher, pneumatic picks, can not easily carry out conveying and Storage greatly reduces the practical disposing capacity of danger wastes disposition unit, therefore the danger wastes of high viscosity is pre- Disposition is a urgent problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment techniques, should Pretreatment technique, can be with mainly for the high viscosity danger wastes for being difficult to convey, store in hazardous waste disposal is disposed It is transformed into the granular material for being readily delivered, storing, then by carrying out compatibility with unclassified stores, is made granular pre- Finished product is disposed, full combustion, realization resource utilization can thoroughly solve high viscosity dangerous waste in the equipment such as incinerator The storage of object, conveying problem.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique, includes the following steps:
1) it freezes: determining the cryogenic temperature of high viscosity danger wastes first, high viscosity danger is given up later Gurry is cooled to the temperature, and stays for some time, and so that the viscosity of high viscosity danger wastes is disappeared, embodies brittleness;
2) it is crushed: the high viscosity danger wastes of bulk is crushed to the particle of specified particle size with crusher;
3) compatibility: the particle of specified particle size and compatibility substance are sufficiently mixed;
4) it heats up: the mixture of high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility substance is warming up to room temperature;
5) it sieves: the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule for adhering to compatibility substance and compatibility substance being sieved, can be obtained pre- Dispose finished product.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that in the step 1), high viscosity is endangered using freezer or other fast cooling devices Dangerous waste cools to the temperature spot for making its surface and internal viscosity disappear or less.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that in the step 2), the crusher is shear crusher, jaw is broken Broken machine, hammer mill or other forms crusher are crushed presented brittle high viscosity danger wastes.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that in the step 2), for different high viscosity danger wastes, use Primary fragmentation, second-time breakage or multiple crumbling method, obtain the particle for meeting the requirements granularity.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that in the step 3), high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility substance Volume ratio is 1:(0.5-2).
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that in the step 3), use drum mixer, V-type batch mixer or other shapes The particle of specified particle size and compatibility substance are sufficiently mixed by formula batch mixer.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that in the step 3), the compatibility substance is rice husk, rice bran or other agricultures Industry waste.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that, will by standing, roller drying machine or other modes in the step 4) The temperature of the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility substance that remain at low temperature is promoted to room temperature.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, it is preferred that in the step 5), pass through rotary screen, vibrating screen or other screening plants High viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility substance are sieved, the high viscosity danger wastes that surface is wrapped up by compatibility substance are obtained Particle.
The advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:
1) present invention using freezing, broken, compatibility, heating, screening pretreatment technique, first freeze and be crushed again, and can be with Using Mechanical Crushing, broken speed is greatly promoted, and broken high viscosity danger wastes particle size distribution is uniform, average grain Diameter is small, and it is broken thoroughly to solve the problems, such as that high viscosity danger wastes material is difficult, and it is blocky to avoid high viscosity danger wastes Material is difficult to be crushed, and danger wastes disposition unit needs to be crushed by way of hand breaking, and broken speed is slow, labour Intensity is big, and crushed particles particle size distribution range is big, the big problem of crushed particles average grain diameter;
2) high viscosity danger wastes of the invention use with compatibility material mixing so that high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule Surface is wrapped up by compatibility substance, mutual adhesion, is not blocked, thoroughly solve high viscosity danger wastes material be difficult to it is defeated The problem sent avoids original broken high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule, and surface still has viscosity, during transportation The problem of being easy bonding, blocking.
3) the high viscosity danger wastes mean particle size Jing Guo pretreatment process of the invention is small, firing rate The fast time is short, and burning sufficiently, avoids original broken high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule, and average grain diameter is larger, burns speed It is long to spend the slow time, be easy burning it is insufficient and the problem of release other pollutants.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, and cooperate attached The present invention will be described in further detail for figure.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain this hair It is bright, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
In the present invention, high viscosity hazardous waste materials block refers generally to size more than or equal to 200*200*200mm, relatively often The material block size seen is 1000*1000*1000mm.High viscosity hazardous waste materials block generally has certain elasticity, mobility, Deformation can be embodied under external force.
High viscosity danger wastes are generally the very strong substance of surface viscosity, it is easy to bond with other substances.Also have one A little high viscosity danger wastes surface adhesions have expired various dust, particulate matter, and surface is without obvious viscosity.
Embodiment 1:
High viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique of the invention includes cryogenic temperature test, freezing, broken, compatibility, liter The processes such as temperature, screening.
The danger wastes of the present embodiment are certain automobile tire factory wheel hub paint slag.
Specific pretreatment process is as shown in Figure 1, the high viscosity hazardous waste materials block enters at hazardous waste disposal After setting unit, initially enters laboratory and carry out cryogenic temperature test.Test method is that the high viscosity danger wastes are taken 15 Sample, equivalent diameter 10-50mm, sample is placed in and is adjusted to -5 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -15 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -25 DEG C of ice by points 5 groups In cabinet;Sample is taken out after 8h, is crushed with laboratory room small-sized jaw crusher, if sample can be crushed in 10s, Think that the viscosity of the high viscosity danger wastes disappears, which is the cryogenic temperature of the danger wastes.According to test It proves, the cryogenic temperature of the high viscosity danger wastes is -20 DEG C.
Then using flat car or other vehicles, by it, together with packing material, (because viscosity is higher, the high viscosity danger is useless Gurry can not be poured out from jumbo bag or bucket) it is placed in freezer together, it is refrigerated to the high viscosity hazardous waste materials block center temperature Degree is lower than in advance through the acknowledged set temperature of test (i.e. the temperature that the viscosity of the high viscosity danger wastes disappears).
The high viscosity hazardous waste materials block is taken out from freezer, is connected the high viscosity hazardous waste materials block using grab bucket It is put into togerther shear crusher with packing material, is crushed, broken blocky-shaped particle can be by Belt Conveying to next Process continues to be crushed.Judge whether to need to carry out secondary, tertiary crushing according to whether broken granularity is less than 20mm. If necessary to carry out secondary, tertiary crushing, it can be further crushed to and be less than by hammer mill or jaw crusher Equal to 20mm.
The broken high viscosity hazardous waste materials block particle passes through Belt Conveying to drum mixer or other companies After the batch mixer of continuous/discontinuous operation, the compatibility substance of about same volume, such as rice husk, rice bran agricultural wastes is added, in batch mixer After being sufficiently mixed, which is dispersed in compatibility substance, is isolated between each other by compatibility substance It opens.
The high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility material mixing it is uniform after, by material be delivered to roller drying furnace or its In his heat temperature raising equipment, material is warming up to room temperature using the heat of air or other heat sources.The high viscosity danger at this time is useless Gurry particle has temperature to be increased to room temperature, embodies viscosity again, has been bonded the compatibility substance on surface, surface is not in toughness. Simultaneously because between the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and being not connected to, therefore between each other not in adhesion.
Material feed roller is sieved or the separation equipments such as vibrating screen with belt or other conveying equipments, due to adsorption The high viscosity danger wastes particle volume of compatibility substance is larger, without matching with the high viscosity danger wastes particle adhesion 5 mass volumes are smaller, therefore the two separates.Respectively obtain the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule of adsorption compatibility substance With individual compatibility substance.Not having the compatibility substance of adhesion, it can be used repeatedly.And the adsorption high viscosity of compatibility substance Dangerous waste composition granule is then finished product.
Embodiment 2:
High viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique of the invention includes cryogenic temperature test, freezing, broken, compatibility, liter The processes such as temperature, screening.
The danger wastes of the present embodiment are certain Yin Chao factory printing and dyeing sludge.
Specific pretreatment process is as shown in Figure 1, the high viscosity hazardous waste materials block enters at hazardous waste disposal After setting unit, initially enters laboratory and carry out cryogenic temperature test.Test method is that the high viscosity danger wastes are taken 15 Sample, equivalent diameter 10-50mm, sample is placed in and is adjusted to -5 DEG C, -10 DEG C, -15 DEG C, -20 DEG C, -25 DEG C of ice by points 5 groups In cabinet;Sample is taken out after 8h, is crushed with laboratory room small-sized jaw crusher, if sample can be crushed in 10s, Think that the viscosity of the high viscosity danger wastes disappears, which is the cryogenic temperature of the danger wastes.According to test It proves, the cryogenic temperature of the high viscosity danger wastes is -10 DEG C.
Then using flat car or other vehicles, by it, together with packing material, (because viscosity is higher, the high viscosity danger is useless Gurry can not be poured out from jumbo bag or bucket) it is placed in freezer together, it is refrigerated to the high viscosity hazardous waste materials block center temperature Degree is lower than in advance through the acknowledged set temperature of test (i.e. the temperature that the viscosity of the high viscosity danger wastes disappears).
The high viscosity hazardous waste materials block is taken out from freezer, is connected the high viscosity hazardous waste materials block using grab bucket It is put into togerther shear crusher with packing material, is crushed, broken blocky-shaped particle can be by Belt Conveying to next Process continues to be crushed.Judge whether to need to carry out secondary, tertiary crushing according to whether broken granularity is less than 20mm. If necessary to carry out secondary, tertiary crushing, it can be further crushed to and be less than by hammer mill or jaw crusher Equal to 20mm.
The broken high viscosity hazardous waste materials block particle passes through Belt Conveying to drum mixer or other companies After the batch mixer of continuous/discontinuous operation, be added be about high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule two volumes compatibility substance, as rice husk, The agricultural wastes such as rice bran, after batch mixer is sufficiently mixed, which is dispersed in compatibility substance In, kept apart between each other by compatibility substance.
The high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility material mixing it is uniform after, by material be delivered to roller drying furnace or its In his heat temperature raising equipment, material is warming up to room temperature using the heat of air or other heat sources.The high viscosity danger at this time is useless Gurry particle has temperature to be increased to room temperature, embodies viscosity again, has been bonded the compatibility substance on surface, surface is not in toughness. Simultaneously because between the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and being not connected to, therefore between each other not in adhesion.
Material feed roller is sieved or the separation equipments such as vibrating screen with belt or other conveying equipments, due to adsorption The high viscosity danger wastes particle volume of compatibility substance is larger, without matching with the high viscosity danger wastes particle adhesion 5 mass volumes are smaller, therefore the two separates.Respectively obtain the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule of adsorption compatibility substance With individual compatibility substance.Not having the compatibility substance of adhesion, it can be used repeatedly.And the adsorption high viscosity of compatibility substance Dangerous waste composition granule is then finished product.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations;Although Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still may be used To modify to technical solution documented by previous embodiment, or some or all of the technical features are equal Replacement, and these are modified or replaceed, the model for technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution It encloses.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique, characterized by the following steps:
1) it freezes: the cryogenic temperature of high viscosity danger wastes is determined first, later by high viscosity danger wastes It is cooled to the temperature, and is stayed for some time, so that the viscosity of high viscosity danger wastes is disappeared, embodies brittleness;
2) it is crushed: the high viscosity danger wastes of bulk is crushed to the particle of specified particle size with crusher;
3) compatibility: the particle of specified particle size and compatibility substance are sufficiently mixed;
4) it heats up: the mixture of high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility substance is warming up to room temperature;
5) it sieves: the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule for adhering to compatibility substance and compatibility substance being sieved, pretreatment can be obtained Finished product.
2. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 1) In, high viscosity danger wastes are cooled to the temperature for making its surface and internal viscosity disappear using freezer or other fast cooling devices Or less.
3. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 2) In, the crusher is shear crusher, jaw crusher, hammer mill or other forms crusher.
4. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 2) In, for different high viscosity danger wastes, using primary fragmentation, second-time breakage or multiple crumbling method, obtains meeting and want Seek the particle of granularity.
5. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 3) In, the volume ratio of high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility substance is 1:(0.5-2).
6. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 3) In, it is using drum mixer, V-type batch mixer or other forms batch mixer that the particle of specified particle size and compatibility substance is sufficiently mixed It closes.
7. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 3) In, the compatibility substance is rice husk, rice bran or other agricultural wastes.
8. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 4) In, the high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility object of low temperature will be remained at by standing, roller drying machine or other modes The temperature of matter is promoted to room temperature.
9. a kind of high viscosity danger wastes pretreatment technique according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the step 5) In, high viscosity dangerous waste composition granule and compatibility substance are sieved by rotary screen, vibrating screen or other screening plants.
CN201811600948.5A 2018-12-26 2018-12-26 High-viscosity hazardous waste pretreatment process Active CN109681881B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005074419A (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-24 Beesu Tec:Kk Paint slag reducing apparatus
CN102517117A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-06-27 北京金隅红树林环保技术有限责任公司 Method for preparing alternative fuel for cement kiln by using waste paint slag
CN107030090A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-08-11 金圆水泥股份有限公司 A kind of hazardous waste compatibility and its method of disposal suitable for cement kiln synergic processing
CN107033651A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-11 泰州市涂瑞装饰材料有限公司 A kind of coating composite prepared based on paint slag and its preparation method
CN108531237A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-09-14 天津中材工程研究中心有限公司 A method of preparing cement alternative fuel using wheel hub paint slag
CN108746153A (en) * 2018-05-24 2018-11-06 安徽强盛交通设备制造有限公司 A kind of purifying treatment method to generated Oil Paint Slag in vehicle painting

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005074419A (en) * 2003-09-01 2005-03-24 Beesu Tec:Kk Paint slag reducing apparatus
CN102517117A (en) * 2011-12-06 2012-06-27 北京金隅红树林环保技术有限责任公司 Method for preparing alternative fuel for cement kiln by using waste paint slag
CN107030090A (en) * 2017-04-20 2017-08-11 金圆水泥股份有限公司 A kind of hazardous waste compatibility and its method of disposal suitable for cement kiln synergic processing
CN107033651A (en) * 2017-04-21 2017-08-11 泰州市涂瑞装饰材料有限公司 A kind of coating composite prepared based on paint slag and its preparation method
CN108531237A (en) * 2018-03-08 2018-09-14 天津中材工程研究中心有限公司 A method of preparing cement alternative fuel using wheel hub paint slag
CN108746153A (en) * 2018-05-24 2018-11-06 安徽强盛交通设备制造有限公司 A kind of purifying treatment method to generated Oil Paint Slag in vehicle painting

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