CN109681880A - A kind of processing method of the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109681880A CN109681880A CN201811367444.3A CN201811367444A CN109681880A CN 109681880 A CN109681880 A CN 109681880A CN 201811367444 A CN201811367444 A CN 201811367444A CN 109681880 A CN109681880 A CN 109681880A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- salt
- organic matter
- containing organic
- solid waste
- processing method
- Prior art date
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- Pending
Links
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 85
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 46
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000002821 niobium Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003057 platinum Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002751 molybdenum Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000003657 tungsten Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007380 fibre production Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005660 chlorination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 36
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 12
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- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)=O YRKCREAYFQTBPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GAYPVYLCOOFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nb].[W] Chemical compound [Nb].[W] GAYPVYLCOOFYAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 4
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XNHGKSMNCCTMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-D niobium(5+);oxalate Chemical compound [Nb+5].[Nb+5].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O XNHGKSMNCCTMFO-UHFFFAOYSA-D 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2,4-di(pentan-2-yl)phenoxy]acetyl chloride Chemical compound CCCC(C)C1=CC=C(OCC(Cl)=O)C(C(C)CCC)=C1 NGNBDVOYPDDBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010013786 Dry skin Diseases 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)CO ZXEKIIBDNHEJCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004040 pyrrolidinones Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
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- LCJRHAPPMIUHLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-$l^{1}-azanylhexan-1-one Chemical compound [CH]CCCCC([N])=O LCJRHAPPMIUHLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HJSAVSHUKKYRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid;niobium Chemical compound [Nb].OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O HJSAVSHUKKYRIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000790917 Dioxys <bee> Species 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000711 cancerogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000315 carcinogenic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006147 copolyamide elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000185 dioxinlike effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007786 learning performance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N metformin Chemical compound CN(C)C(=N)NC(N)=N XZWYZXLIPXDOLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PDKHNCYLMVRIFV-UHFFFAOYSA-H molybdenum;hexachloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Mo] PDKHNCYLMVRIFV-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- ZVXJUJWOAJDVIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium;propan-2-ol Chemical compound [Nb].CC(C)O ZVXJUJWOAJDVIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I pentachloroniobium Chemical compound Cl[Nb](Cl)(Cl)(Cl)Cl YHBDIEWMOMLKOO-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229950001919 policapram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003462 sulfoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YOUIDGQAIILFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachlorotungsten Chemical compound Cl[W](Cl)(Cl)Cl YOUIDGQAIILFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/62—Carbon oxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
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- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0011—Casting solutions therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D71/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by the material; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D71/06—Organic material
- B01D71/76—Macromolecular material not specifically provided for in a single one of groups B01D71/08 - B01D71/74
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-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
- D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/59—Polyamides; Polyimides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
- B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
- B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
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Abstract
The processing method for the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter that the invention discloses a kind of.Processing method is burned the following steps are included: the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter is delivered to incinerator, and incineration temperature is 1000 DEG C~1300 DEG C；Flue gas and abraum salt are generated after burning；The flue gas passes through waste gas treatment process, isolated CO2Gas enters alkali-making process recycling；The abraum salt passes through abraum salt treatment process, obtains saturated sodium chloride solution and enters alkaline reaction recycling；Through flue gas heat-exchange unit and the supply power generation of abraum salt heat exchanger a part, another part reacts heat in the flue gas and abraum salt for alkaline.The present invention handles the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter in the way of burning, subsequently through the treatment process of reasonable economy, is converted into a series of chemical products/raw materials, turns waste into wealth, high financial profit.The heat generated simultaneously using incinerator is supplied respectively using section in entire technical process, and entire treatment process is energy-efficient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing recycling and reusing fields of solid waste, and in particular to a kind of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter
The processing method of object.
Background technique
Currently, industrially scalable constantly expands, all kinds of chemical products such as: pesticide, medicine, the yield of chemical fibre increase year by year,
Its industrial waste also increases year by year.This kind of industrial waste is largely the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter, sodium salt in abraum salt
Content is high, and commercial conversion rate is low, and the rate of recovery is low, and it is big that such abraum salt difficulty is effectively treated.
Incineration method is a kind of high-temperature heat treatment technology that abraum salt is effectively treated, and excessive oxygen and abraum salt carry out sufficiently in furnace
Oxidizing fire reaction so that the poisonous and harmful substance in waste is decomposed at high temperature, oxidation removes the impurity in abraum salt, reaches
The purpose of purifying.However common incinerator incineration temperature is lower, burn incompletely can generate strong carcinogenic dioxin-like chemical,
Need 1000 DEG C or more high temperature that can just solve the problems, such as this, but the operating condition is not achieved in existing equipment and corollary apparatus.
In addition, the abraum salt after burning is needed to be further purified, be converted without industrial utility value.Utilize calcined soda for industry technique
Can the sodium carbonate with essential industry value effectively be converted by sodium salt.But it does not concentrate the output of abraum salt, quantity dispersion, fortune
It is defeated at high cost.Some medium-sized and small enterprises are suitble to handle such abraum salt, and equipment investment is high in traditional soda industry, involves great expense,
It takes up a large area, long construction period, process flow cannot be adjusted flexibly.Therefore an effective middle and small scale alkali-making process is researched and developed
Process is the key that also to solve the problems, such as such.
Contain organic compound, the coke granule of impurity not soluble in water, especially macromolecule in abraum salt after burning
Object etc., density, partial size, the physicochemical properties such as sedimentation capacity are different from conventional solid particle insoluble matter, and common filtering is situated between
Matter is difficult to effectively remove such impurity.Using organic miillpore filter can effectively remove in salting liquid macromolecule organic matter and
Coke granule object.But existing filter membrane performance is undesirable, it is necessary to develop new filter membrane material.
Meanwhile the heat generated in burning process how to efficiently use be also such process flow design focal point.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address the processing difficulty in the prior art to the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter is big,
A kind of method of processing that can effectively carry out the solid waste with high salt for having organic matter is provided.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter, including
Following steps:
Solid waste with high salt containing organic matter is delivered to incinerator to burn, incineration temperature is 1000 DEG C~1300 DEG C；
Flue gas and abraum salt are generated after burning；
The flue gas passes through waste gas treatment process, isolated CO2Gas enters alkali-making process recycling；
The abraum salt passes through abraum salt treatment process, obtains saturated sodium chloride solution and enters alkaline reaction recycling；
Heat in the flue gas and abraum salt is through flue gas heat-exchange unit and the supply power generation of abraum salt heat exchanger a part, another portion
Divide and is reacted for alkaline.
In the incinerator, abraum salt is spread out of using potsherd conveyer belt；The connector of the potsherd conveyer belt uses
Carbon fiber production.
The waste gas treatment process successively includes desulfurizing and denitrifying process, Alkali absorption technique and gas separation compression process；Point
From N2And H2O is discharged as exhaust gas, isolated CO2Gas enters alkali-making process recycling.
The abraum salt treatment process includes: the abraum salt heat exchanger connection water pipe；Heat in abraum salt is exchanged heat through abraum salt
Device makes liquid water transitions at vapor, and vapor is thermally formed high temperature and high pressure steam by flue gas heat-exchange unit and uses for power generation, gives up
Salt cools down in the process；Abraum salt after cooling is soluble in water, spent brine solution is obtained, is obtained by the membrane filtration of filter press
To saturated sodium chloride solution, reacts and recycle into alkaline.
The filter membrane is porous polyethylene amide block copolymers filter membrane.
Specifically, the filter membrane be porous polyethylene amide block copolymers filter membrane the preparation method comprises the following steps:
It the use of block polyetheramides copolymer is that dissolution of raw material prepares casting solution stoste in organic solvent；
Deionized water is added in the casting solution stoste, forms mixed solution；
Low pressure deaeration is carried out to mixed solution, casting solution is made；
The casting solution is coated on non-woven fabrics, and places baking oven, it is complete to organic solvent evaporation, non-woven fabrics is put into pure
Block polyetheramides porous filtering membrane material is made in freezing film in water.
It is described that casting solution stoste is prepared in organic solvent for dissolution of raw material using block polyetheramides copolymer, with weight
5~20 parts of policapram block copolymer and 20~45 parts of organic solvent is added in number meter.
The organic solvent be selected as ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, isobutanol, pyrrolidones, dimethyl sulfoxide it is one or more
Mixing.
The polyamide block copolymer be Pebax2533, Pebax6333, Pebax7233, Pebax1657,
One of Pebax3533 or a variety of mixing.
It is described that casting solution stoste is prepared in organic solvent for dissolution of raw material using block polyetheramides copolymer are as follows: with embedding
Section polyether amide copolymer is raw material, is dissolved in organic solvent, heats and be sufficiently stirred, forms transparent casting solution stoste.
Block polyetheramides copolymer dissolution temperature in organic solvent is 50~100 DEG C, dissolution time is 5~for 24 hours.
It is described that deionized water is added in the casting solution stoste, mixed solution is formed, based on parts by weight, addition 5~
20 parts of deionized water.The adding rate of deionized water is 0.5ml/min~5ml/min.
It is described that deionized water is added in the casting solution stoste, form mixed solution are as follows: measure deionized water and casting is added
In film liquid stoste, heating is sufficiently stirred, and forms transparent mixed solution.Mixed solution liquid heating temperature is 70~100 DEG C；Magnetic
Power speed of agitator is 1000~10000 revs/min, and heating time is 30min~12h.
It is described that low pressure deaeration is carried out to mixed solution, casting solution is made are as follows: mixed solution stops stirring and standing, and carries out low
Pressure-off bubble, is made casting solution.The temperature of deaeration is 20~100 DEG C, and the pressure of deaeration is 0.01Mpa~1.0Mpa.
It is described that the casting solution is coated on non-woven fabrics are as follows: the casting solution is applied on non-woven fabrics under scraper control.
It is described that the casting solution is coated on non-woven fabrics, and placing baking oven includes: that 40~100g casting solution is put into hopper
In, casting solution is applied on non-woven fabrics under scraper control, is then placed in baking oven, and temperature and the heating time control for adjusting baking oven are single
The evaporation capacity of the organic solvent of position time.Oven temperature is 35~160 DEG C, and heating time is 3h~for 24 hours.Temperature after being put into pure water
Degree is 4 DEG C~25 DEG C.
The alkali-making process carries out in a high pressure reaction kettle, provides CO by waste gas treatment process2, provided by flue gas heat-exchange unit
Heat；Saturated sodium chloride solution is provided by abraum salt treatment process, then is passed through ammonia and carbon dioxide is reacted, is recycled after reaction
Ammonium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
The alkali-making process carries out in a high pressure reaction kettle, reaction condition are as follows: CO2Gas flow 72-120m3/ h, pressure
0.01Mpa-0.2Mpa, NH3Gas flow 40-60m3/ h, NaCl saturated solution flow velocity 45-62m3/ h, 30 DEG C -45 of reaction temperature
DEG C, reaction time 3-7h, NH in reaction kettle3Concentration 4.95mol/L-5.1mol/L, CO2Concentration 2.1mol/L-4mol/L.
Specifically: the connector of the potsherd conveyer belt using carbon fiber production carbon fiber the preparation method comprises the following steps:
S1: nano SiO is prepared2Mixed with polymers solution；The nano SiO2Mixed with polymers solution is by receiving
Rice crystal form SiO2, block polyetheramides copolymer and organic solvent three be obtained by mixing；
S2: the nano SiO that impregnated carbon fiber is obtained in step S12In mixed with polymers solution, lifting extraction carbon
Fiber.
Nano SiO is prepared in the S12The method of mixed with polymers solution are as follows:
S101: by block polyetheramides copolymer, organic solvent mixed dissolution, colloidal sol object is formed；
S102: by nano SiO2It is scattered in organic solvent, obtains nano SiO2Solution；
S103: the nano SiO that S102 is obtained2Solution is added dropwise in the colloidal sol object that S101 is obtained and forms nano
SiO2Mixed with polymers solution；
Preferably, in the S101, using heating stirring；
In the S102, using heating stirring；Temperature is controlled at 80~130 DEG C.
The nano SiO for obtaining impregnated carbon fiber in step S1 in the S22In mixed with polymers solution, when dipping
Between 15min-3h.The method of lifting extraction carbon fiber are as follows:
S201: polyacrylonitrile carbon fiber is impregnated in the nano SiO that step S1 is obtained2In mixed with polymers solution,
Temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C~100 DEG C, lifting extraction carbon fiber；
S202: carbon fiber is dried under 80 DEG C of environment.
S203: by carbon fiber in the processing of high-purity Ar atmosphere high temperature, temperature control is at 1300-1500 DEG C, 3~10h of time.
Further, in the S101, based on parts by weight,
Wherein, in mixed solution each material based on parts by weight, by 5~20 parts of block polyetheramides copolymer and 20~
45 parts of organic solvent mixed dissolution；
In the S102, based on parts by weight, by 5~20 parts of nano SiO2It is scattered in 10~30 parts organic molten
In agent.
Preferably, the organic solvent is selected as ethyl alcohol, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran, n,N-Dimethylformamide, two
At least one of first sulfoxide.
Preferably, the crystal form SiO2 particle is nano-grade size, and wherein particle diameter distribution is respectively 20~40nm, 40~
At least one of 100nm, 100~300nm.
Preferably, the block polyetheramides copolymer produces the trade mark are as follows: Pebax2533, Pebax6333,
At least one of Pebax7233, Pebax1657, Pebax3533.
In S101, block polymer dissolution temperature in organic solvent is 50~100 DEG C, dissolution time is 5~for 24 hours.
In S102, using magnetic agitation, speed of agitator is 500~30000 revs/min.
In S201, carbon fiber and nano SiO2The ratio by mass score of mixed with polymers solution is calculated as 10%,
20%, at least one of 30%, 50% ratio.Carbon fiber and nano SiO2The dip time of mixed with polymers solution is
0.5h~1h.Carbon fiber is from nano SiO2It is proposed that rate is 5~20cm/min in mixed with polymers solution.
In S203, carbon-fiber high-temperature treatment temperature is 1300 DEG C~1500 DEG C, and the time is 3~10h.
In the desulfurizing and denitrifying process, using niobium class catalyst.
Specifically: the niobium class catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
S1: niobium oxide nano material is prepared；Niobium oxide nano material is prepared by niobium salt, tungsten salt, molybdenum salt；
S2: being added platinum salt solution, and niobium class catalyst is made.
The method of niobium oxide nano material is prepared in the S1 step are as follows:
S101: niobium salt, tungsten salt, molybdenum salt is soluble in water, and heating stirring forms niobium tungsten salt clear solution；
S102: niobium tungsten salt clear solution is added in hydrothermal reaction kettle and is heated；
S103: product is taken out from hydrothermal reaction kettle, is calcined after filtration drying, niobium oxide nano material is obtained.
In the S101, heating temperature is 30 DEG C -70 DEG C, and the heating stirring time is 30min-3h.
In the S102, at 140~350 DEG C, the reaction time is -72h for 24 hours for temperature control in hydrothermal reaction kettle.
In the S103, calcination temperature is 200 DEG C~600 DEG C, calcination time 3-8h.
In the S101, niobium salt, tungsten salt, molybdenum salt are in parts by mass are as follows:
5~10 parts of niobium salt；
1~10 part of tungsten salt；
0.1~0.5 part of molybdenum salt；
70~90 parts of water；
Platinum salt solution is added in the S2 step, the method that niobium class catalyst is made are as follows:
Platinum salt solution is added dropwise in the niobium oxide class nano material after calcined, it is dry under 50 DEG C of -100 DEG C of environment, so
3-9h is activated under 200-500 DEG C of hydrogen environment afterwards, catalyst material is made.
The platinum salt solution is 0.1~0.5 part of platinum salt solution in parts by mass.
Wherein the niobium salt is selected as ethyl alcohol niobium, isopropanol niobium, niobium chloride, niobium oxalate, at least one in citric acid niobium
Kind.
Wherein the tungsten salt is selected as at least one of acetylacetone,2,4-pentanedione tungsten, tungsten chloride, ammonium tungstate, ammonium metatungstate.
Wherein the molybdenum salt is selected as at least one of acetyl acetone, molybdenum chloride, ammonium molybdate, metamolybdic acid ammonium.
In the S103, gas needed for calcining is O2, air, 0.5%O2/N2At least one.
Platinum salt described in step S2 is chloroplatinic acid, ammonium chloroplatinate, at least one of potassium chloroplatinate；Platinum salt aqueous solution it is dense
Degree is 1%-20%, and drying temperature is 50 DEG C -100 DEG C, drying time 5h-24h.
In step S2, activation temperature is 200-500 DEG C, activation time 3-9h, and wherein activated gas is pure H2, 5%-
10% H2The H of/Ar, 5%-10%2/N2At least one of gas.
After above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention has the effect of below positive: (1) technique of the invention follows back
Receive the environmentally friendly route that utilizes, by after burning flue gas and useless cigarette handle respectively, not only realize low emission, and by abraum salt and
Heat in treatment process all makes full use of, and is the processing method of the extremely effective solid waste with high salt containing organic matter.
(2) heat that abraum salt of the invention goes out after incinerator can be displaced using water, heat to obtain by flue gas heat-exchange unit
The vapor of high temperature and pressure, such vapor, which both can be used for generating electricity, supplies entire business electrical, also in subsequent alkali-making process
Evaporating and concentrating process provide heat.
(3) present invention improves over the connectors of the conveyer belt in incinerator, can not only improve incineration temperature, and high temperature was both
It can satisfy power generation and the supply of alkaline heat of reaction, can also solve at a temperature of mineralization in burning process, accumulation and coking make
Drop, is unable to fully combustion of organic matter, leads to the problem of the Toxics such as dioxin, and the transmission device of heat resistant and wear resistant can make to burn
The abraum salt that burning process generates removes and cools down in time.
(4) because in the salt after solid waste burning contain impurity not soluble in water, especially coke granule object, density, partial size,
The physicochemical properties such as sedimentation capacity are different from conventional solid particulate matter.In the technique of filtering purification sodium chloride saturated solution
In, the present invention uses porous polyethylene amide block copolymers filter membrane, and the coke class which can effectively remove in solution is insoluble
Object.
(5) SO of the invention for being generated after solid waste burning2And NOxEqual pernicious gases can pass through splendid niobium class catalyst
Carry out desulphurization denitration processing, remaining gas CO2The unstrpped gas that alkaline process section can be supplied by compressor, greatlys save into
This.
(6) alkali producing process of the invention carries out in a high pressure reaction kettle, without high carbonating column, needs in alkali producing process
The raw material wanted largely comes from treatment process of the present invention, prepares soda ash with the process conditions of optimization, recycles ammonium chloride after reaction
And sodium bicarbonate, sodium chloride residual is no more than 1% in extraction raffinate.
(7) filter membrane that the present invention uses uses block polyetheramides copolymer for raw material, according to block polyetheramides
The in the mixed solvent that the polymer is dissolved in water and organic liquid is formd heterogeneous system, by right by copolymer Quality Research
Water can form the mutually controllable fluid-mixing of water volume with the regulation of organic solvent relative amount.Hole is formed by control evaporation rate
The controllable porous film material of diameter, solves the Modulatory character of membrane material blanking aperture.In the technique of filtering purification sodium chloride solution,
Using the lipophilicity of the block polyetheramides copolymer, acid-fast alkali-proof, can effectively remove coke class insoluble matter in solution and
Macromolecular organic impurities.
(8) present invention handles the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter in the way of burning, subsequently through the processing work of reasonable economy
Skill is converted into a series of chemical products/raw materials, turns waste into wealth, high financial profit.Furthermore the heat that the present invention is generated using incinerator
Amount supplies respectively using section in entire technical process, and after-heat can be used for supplying water, generate electricity.The exhaust gas generated is burned, except a small amount of
Outside nitrogen, oxysulfide, recoverable reduces influence of the exhaust gas discharge to environment.
Detailed description of the invention
In order that the present invention can be more clearly and readily understood, right below according to specific embodiment and in conjunction with attached drawing
The present invention is described in further detail, wherein
Fig. 1 is flow diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 1 mixes 20~40nm nano SiO2Modified carbon fiber TEM figure.
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 2 mixes 40~100nm nano SiO2Carbon fiber high power TEM figure.
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 3 mixes 100~300nm nano SiO2Carbon fiber high power TEM figure.
Fig. 5 is that embodiment 3 mixes 100~300nm nano SiO2Carbon fiber XRD diagram.
Fig. 6 is various carbon fibers in O2Thermogravimetric analysis figure in atmosphere.
Fig. 7 is that the TEM of 4 catalyst of embodiment schemes.
Fig. 8 is that the TEM of 5 catalyst of embodiment schemes.
Fig. 9 is the XRD diagram of 6 catalyst of embodiment.
Figure 10 is the desulfurization degree lines figure of embodiment 4-6.
Figure 11 is the denitrification rate lines figure of embodiment 4-6.
Figure 12 is the TEM figure of the obtained filter membrane material of embodiment 7.
Figure 13 is the TEM figure for the filter membrane material that embodiment 8 obtains.
Figure 14 is the TEM figure for the filter membrane material that embodiment 9 obtains.
Specific embodiment
See Fig. 1, a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
A, the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter is delivered to incinerator to burn, incineration temperature is 1000 DEG C~1300
DEG C, burn residence time 5min.Flue gas and abraum salt are generated after burning；In this step, continue material input and discharge salt, have
Effect reduces the generation of dioxin substance.
In the incinerator, abraum salt is spread out of using potsherd conveyer belt；The connector of the potsherd conveyer belt uses
Carbon fiber production.
The connector of the potsherd conveyer belt is using the preparation method of the carbon fiber of carbon fiber production (referring specifically to implementation
Example 1-3) are as follows:
S1: nano SiO is prepared2Mixed with polymers solution；The nano SiO2Mixed with polymers solution is by receiving
Rice crystal form SiO2, block polyetheramides copolymer and organic solvent three be obtained by mixing；
S2: the nano SiO that impregnated carbon fiber is obtained in step S12In mixed with polymers solution, lifting extraction carbon
Fiber.
(embodiment 1)
5 parts of block polyetheramides copolymers (trade mark selects Pebax2533) are dissolved in 40 parts of isopropanols, heating stirring,
Temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C, and heating time 5h is made into sol solutions.Weigh nano SiO2 (20~40nm of particle size range) solid 5
Part, it is dissolved in 10 parts of isopropanols, is uniformly mixed, is added dropwise in mixed sols, stir 30min, obtain nano SiO2
Mixed with polymers solution.30 parts of polyacrylonitrile carbon fibers are impregnated into nano SiO2 mixed with polymers solution, rear pull mentions
Out, propose that rate is 5cm/min.Modified carbon fiber is dried into 12h under the conditions of 80 DEG C.Then in an ar atmosphere 1300 DEG C
High-temperature process 3h.The TEM figure for the carbon fiber that the present embodiment obtains is as shown in Figure 1.
(embodiment 2)
20 parts of polyether amide copolymers (trade mark selects Pebax3533) are dissolved in 20 parts of isopropanols, heating stirring, temperature
At 80 DEG C, heating time 12h is made into sol solutions for control.Weigh nano SiO220 parts of (40~100nm of particle size range), it is molten
It in 10 parts of isopropanols, is uniformly mixed, is added dropwise in mixed sols, stir 30min, obtain nano SiO2Polymer
Mixed solution.10 parts of polyacrylonitrile carbon fibers are impregnated into nano SiO2Mixed with polymers solution, rear pull propose, propose
Rate is 20cm/min.By 80 DEG C of modified carbon fiber dry 12h.Then 1500 DEG C of high-temperature process 10h in an ar atmosphere after.
The TEM figure for the carbon fiber that the present embodiment obtains is as shown in Figure 2.
(embodiment 3)
5 parts of polyether amide copolymers (trade mark selects Pebax7233) are dissolved in 40g tetrahydrofuran, heating stirring, temperature
At 80 DEG C, heating time 5h is made into sol solutions for control.Weigh nano SiO25 parts of (100~300nm of particle size range), is dissolved in
It in 20 parts of tetrahydrofurans, is uniformly mixed, is added dropwise in mixed sols, stir 30min, obtain nano SiO2Polymer
Mixed solution.50 parts of polyacrylonitrile carbon fibers are impregnated into nano SiO2Mixed with polymers solution, rear pull propose, propose
Rate is 5cm/min.By 80 DEG C of modified carbon fiber dry 12h.Then 1300 DEG C of high-temperature process 10h in an ar atmosphere.This
The TEM for the carbon fiber that embodiment obtains schemes as shown in figure 3, XRD diagram is as shown in Figure 4.
Table 1 is that carbon fiber uses different nanocrystalline property SiO2The Mechanics Performance Testing of granule modified front and back compares, different
The carbon mono-filaments nanometer stretching test data in stage.From the data in the table, the carbon fiber by surface after modified, power
Learning performance is enhanced.Wrap up the higher SiO of crystallinity in surface2Layer makes the modulus of carbon fiber and toughness feel to mention
It is high.
Table 1
Fig. 5 is various carbon fibers in O2The mass loss of thermogravimetric analysis data in atmosphere, pure carbon fiber (lines A) reaches
37.6%, pure crystal form SiO2The mass loss of modifying carbon fibers (lines B) reaches 26.4%, the sample (lines C) of embodiment 1
Mass loss is 15.6%, and the mass loss of the sample (lines D) of embodiment 2 is 7.6%.As can be seen from Fig., without SiO2
The carbon fiber of package is gradually oxidized at high temperature.When temperature reaches 1200 DEG C, mass loss 37.6%.There is SiO2Package
Carbon fibre material it is relatively stable, at 300 DEG C, begin with mass loss, may be easy decomposition product and moisture, become after 400 DEG C
In stabilization, illustrate its high stability at high temperature.And the carbon for using the embodiment 1 of method of the invention and embodiment 2 to obtain
The mass loss of fiber is then greatly lowered.
The preparation process of carbon fiber of the invention is by block polyetheramides copolymer and nano SiO2In conjunction with rear, obtain
Better than the physicochemical properties of the two itself, viscosity, solubility, dispersibility and molten boiling point of product etc. be all improved.
Utilize crystal type nano SiO2The evaporation process of particle and block copolymer in the solution is self-assembled modified to prepare carbon fibre material, should
Polymer passes through hydrogen bond and crystal form SiO in material2It combines closely, so as to improve the high temperature resistant, wear-resistant, resistance to of carbon fiber
Oxidation susceptibility.By changing block copolymer, organic solvent, nano SiO2Dosage can efficiently control carbon fiber
High temperature resistance.By adjusting the dip time of carbon fiber, high-temperature activation time, crystal type nano SiO2Grain diameter, nanometer
Crystal form SiO2Dosage, the abrasion resistance properties of controllable carbon fiber.By adjusting dip time, speed regulation nano is proposed
SiO2Regulate and control its antioxygenic property in the thickness of carbon fiber surface.The connector of ceramic strip is made by aforementioned carbon fiber,
It is resistant to 1200 DEG C or more of high temperature, the salt in organic solid abraum salt burning process effectively can be transferred out into incinerator.
B, furnace upper end waste discharge flue gas is burned.The flue gas passes through waste gas treatment process, isolated CO2Gas enters alkaline
Technique recycles；
The waste gas treatment process successively includes desulfurizing and denitrifying process, Alkali absorption technique and gas separation compression process；Point
From N2And H2O is discharged as exhaust gas, isolated CO2Gas enters alkali-making process recycling.Alkali absorption technique can will be catalyzed
The sulfur oxide aoxidized, the gases such as nitrogen oxide are removed.
In the desulfurizing and denitrifying process, using niobium class catalyst.The preparation method of niobium class catalyst is (referring specifically to embodiment
4-6) are as follows:
S1: niobium oxide nano material is prepared；Niobium oxide nano material is prepared by niobium salt, tungsten salt, molybdenum salt；
S2: being added platinum salt solution, and niobium class catalyst is made.
(embodiment 4)
5 parts of niobium oxalates are dissolved in 40 parts of water, heating stirring, temperature control is at 80 DEG C, heating time 30min.Partially by 1 part
Ammonium tungstate and 0.5 part of ammonium molybdate are dissolved in stirring and dissolving in 10 parts of water, are made into transparent liquid, and the two is uniformly mixed and forms niobium tungsten salt
Clear solution.Niobium tungsten salt clear solution, which pours into hydrothermal reaction kettle, to be reacted, and temperature controls 180 DEG C, reaction time 36h.
After take out product, filtration drying, is calcined in air atmosphere by 70-100 DEG C of drying temperature, temperature be 500 DEG C, time 5h is obtained
To white powder.0.1 part of platinum acid chloride solution of 1% is added dropwise in the white powder, after 70 DEG C of dryings, in H2It lives in atmosphere
Change, activation time 5h, 500 DEG C of activation temperature, obtain niobium class catalyst (the present embodiment is denoted as a), TEM figure is shown in Fig. 7.
(embodiment 5)
10 parts of niobium oxalates are dissolved in 40 parts of water, heating stirring, temperature control is at 100 DEG C, heating time 30min.By 5 parts
Ammonium metatungstate and 0.1 part of ammonium molybdate are dissolved in stirring and dissolving in 15 parts of water, are made into transparent liquid, and the two is uniformly mixed and forms niobium tungsten
Salt clear solution.Niobium tungsten salt clear solution, which pours into hydrothermal reaction kettle, to be reacted, and temperature controls 200 DEG C, the reaction time
72h.After take out product, filtration drying, is calcined in oxygen atmosphere by 70 DEG C of drying temperature, temperature be 500 DEG C, time 5h,
Obtain white powder.0.1 part of platinum acid chloride solution of 1% is added dropwise in the white powder, after 70 DEG C of dryings, in H2It is carried out in atmosphere
Activation, activation time 5h, are obtained niobium class catalyst (the present embodiment is denoted as b) by 300 DEG C of activation temperature, and TEM figure is shown in Fig. 8.
(embodiment 6)
8 parts of niobium oxalates are dissolved in 40 parts of water, heating stirring, temperature control is at 90 DEG C, heating time 3h.By 4 parts of inclined tungsten
Sour ammonium and 0.4 part of ammonium molybdate are dissolved in stirring and dissolving in 10 parts of water, are made into transparent liquid, and the two is uniformly mixed to form niobium tungsten salt saturating
Bright solution.Niobium tungsten salt clear solution, which pours into hydrothermal reaction kettle, to be reacted, and temperature controls 250 DEG C, reaction time 72h.Afterwards
Taking-up product, filtration drying, 80 DEG C of drying temperature, in 0.5%O2/N2It is calcined in atmosphere, temperature is 400 DEG C, time 3h,
Obtain white powder.0.1 part of platinum acid chloride solution of 1% is added dropwise in the white powder, after 70 DEG C of dryings, in 5%H2/ Ar atmosphere
In activated, activation time 3h, is obtained niobium class catalyst (the present embodiment is denoted as c), TEM figure is shown in figure by 300 DEG C of activation temperature
9。
By the catalyst a in aforementioned three embodiments, b, c are used for practical sulphur removal denitration reaction, anti-using fixed-bed catalytic
Device is answered, incinerator smoke ingredient: CO is simulated23000ppm, CO 1000ppm, HCl 1300ppm, H2O 5000ppm, SO2
1000ppm, NO 800ppm.Nitrogen is Balance Air.Air speed is 3600h-1.Examining or check temperature range is 200-800 DEG C.Experimental result
As shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11, three kinds of catalyst can achieve about 90%, 87% and 89% in 400 DEG C or so desulfurization degrees respectively.Three
The denitrification rate of kind catalyst can achieve 81%, 77% and 79% at 400 DEG C respectively.When temperature is 800 degree, desulphurization denitration
Conversion ratio can reach 95% or more, effect stability and significant.
For niobium oxide class nano material made from aforementioned preparation process as catalytic carrier, Pt is carried on oxidation niobium material table
Face, by H2Atmosphere restores at a certain temperature, since Pt and NbOx can form metal-metal strong interaction, improves and urges
The selectivity and catalytic activity of agent.By controlling hydrothermal synthesizing condition, it is prepared for pattern, size, surface group is controllable to be received
Rice niobium oxide catalytic carrier, due to its special microstructure, i.e., rodlike, linear or sheet-like morphology, so that its physical chemistry
Matter is different from common niobium oxide, and the active site on surface is better than common niobium oxide material, and conventional desulfurization denitration
Catalyst is higher compared to stability.It aoxidizes by modulation W in niobium material, Mo metallic element doping, W, Mo can influence niobium oxide
Microstructure changes lattice parameter, so that catalytic activity is further promoted.Specifically, W element can influence niobium oxide
Microcosmic lattice structure changes lattice parameter, increases oxygen vacancies site, promotes catalyst activity further.Catalytic gold is added in Mo
Belong in active phase Pt, since the oxidation of Pt can be improved by changing preparation condition in the oxidation-reduction quality and sulfur resistance of Mo itself
Reduction activation and sulfur poisoning resistance improve the service life of catalytic activity and catalyst.
C, the abraum salt passes through abraum salt treatment process, obtains saturated sodium chloride solution and enters alkaline reaction recycling；
Solid abraum salt is discharged from incinerator bottom by conveyer belt, and the abraum salt temperature being discharged from incinerator is about 300 DEG C,
Therefore it is recycled using waste heat of the waste heat boiler to abraum salt.The abraum salt treatment process includes: the abraum salt heat exchanger
Connect water pipe；Make liquid water transitions at vapor through abraum salt heat exchanger the heat in abraum salt, vapor passes through flue gas heat-exchange unit
It is thermally formed high temperature and high pressure steam to use for power generation, abraum salt cools down in the process；Abraum salt after cooling is soluble in water, dissolution
30 DEG C of temperature, stirring rate 300r/min, dissolution time 30min obtain spent brine solution；By the filter membrane mistake of plate and frame filter press
Filter, operating pressure 0.4Mpa remove the insoluble matters such as coke removal, obtain saturated sodium chloride solution after filtrate heating condensing crystallizing, into
Enter alkaline reaction to recycle.The filter membrane is porous polyethylene amide block copolymers filter membrane.Porous polyethylene block amide
The preparation process of copolymer filter membrane are as follows: (referring specifically to embodiment 7-9)
(embodiment 7)
15g Pebax2533 is dissolved in 120g isopropanol, heating stirring, temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C, and heating time 5h matches
At clear solution.The deionized water for measuring 10ml is added dropwise in solution, rate of addition 0.5ml/min, stirring rate 5000
Turn/min.The control of rear temperature is dripped at 70 DEG C, heating time 30min.Solution is put into deaeration in vacuum tank, deaeration pressure afterwards
Power is 0.01MPa, and temperature controls 35 DEG C.
It measures casting solution about 50g to be put into hopper, casting solution is applied on non-woven fabrics under scraper control, is then placed in baking
Case, the temperature by adjusting baking oven are 50 DEG C, heating time 8h, and solvent evaporation completely, will be coated with the nonwoven of polymer material
Cloth is put into freezing film in pure water, and temperature is controlled at 4 DEG C, and block polyetheramides water process filter membrane material, pore size is made
About 0.1~0.5 μm, TEM figure is as shown in figure 12.
(embodiment 8)
25g Pebax7233 being dissolved in 200g dimethyl sulfoxide, heating stirring, temperature is controlled at 80 DEG C, heating time 5h,
It is made into clear solution.The deionized water for measuring 15ml is added dropwise in solution, rate of addition 1.5ml/min, and stirring rate is
6000 turns/min.The control of rear temperature is dripped at 60 DEG C, heating time 120min.Solution is put into deaeration in vacuum tank afterwards,
Deaeration pressure is 0.05MPa, and temperature controls 25 DEG C.
It measures casting solution about 40g to be put into hopper, casting solution is applied on non-woven fabrics under scraper control, is then placed in baking
Case, the temperature by adjusting baking oven are 50 DEG C, heating time 12h, and solvent evaporation completely, will be coated with the nonwoven of polymer material
Cloth is put into freezing film in pure water, and temperature is controlled at 10 DEG C, and block polyetheramides water process filter membrane material is made.Its pore size
About 10~50nm, TEM figure are as shown in figure 13.
(embodiment 9)
20g Pebax3533 is dissolved in 200g pyrrolidones, heating stirring, temperature control is at 100 DEG C, heating time
5h is made into clear solution.The deionized water for measuring 5ml is added dropwise in solution, rate of addition 0.5ml/min, and stirring rate is
8000 turns/min.The control of rear temperature is dripped at 70 DEG C, heating time 30min.Solution is put into deaeration in vacuum tank afterwards, is taken off
Bubble pressure is 0.10MPa, and temperature controls 35 DEG C.
It measures casting solution about 50g to be put into hopper, casting solution is applied on non-woven fabrics under scraper control, is then placed in baking
Case, the temperature by adjusting baking oven are 160 DEG C, and heating time is that for 24 hours, solvent evaporation completely, will be coated with the nothing of polymer material
Woven fabric is put into freezing film in pure water, and temperature is controlled at 4 DEG C, and block polyetheramides water process filter membrane material is made.Its aperture is big
Small about 0.1~1nmTEM figure is as shown in figure 14.
The steam of aforementioned generation can also supply heat for following techniques: in desulfurization and denitrification reaction institute calorific requirement, alkali-making process
Condensing crystallizing NH4Cl and preparation NaCO3Institute's calorific requirement, the concentration institute calorific requirement of sodium chloride solution.
D, the heat in the flue gas and abraum salt is another through flue gas heat-exchange unit and the supply power generation of abraum salt heat exchanger a part
It is reacted for alkaline part.
E, the alkali-making process carries out in a high pressure reaction kettle, without high carbonating column, is mentioned by waste gas treatment process
For CO2, heat is provided by flue gas heat-exchange unit；Saturated sodium chloride solution is provided by abraum salt treatment process, then is passed through ammonia and dioxy
Change carbon to be reacted, ammonium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate are recycled after reaction.Reaction condition are as follows: CO2Gas flow 72-120m3/
H, pressure 0.01Mpa-0.2Mpa, NH3Gas flow 40-60m3/ h, NaCl saturated solution flow velocity 45-62m3/ h, reaction temperature 30
DEG C -45 DEG C, reaction time 3-7h, NH in reaction kettle3Concentration 4.95mol/L-5.1mol/L, CO2Concentration 2.1mol/L-4mol/L.
Soda ash is prepared with the process conditions of optimization, ammonium chloride and sodium bicarbonate are recycled after reaction, sodium chloride residual is no more than in extraction raffinate
1%.
Compared with the prior art, the processing method of the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter of the present embodiment can save significantly
About energy consumption, whole process environmental protection and economy.
Particular embodiments described above has carried out further in detail the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects
It describes in detail bright, it should be understood that the above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, it is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of processing method of the solid waste with high salt containing organic matter, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
Solid waste with high salt containing organic matter is delivered to incinerator to burn, incineration temperature is 1000 DEG C~1300 DEG C；It burns
Flue gas and abraum salt are generated afterwards；
The flue gas passes through waste gas treatment process, isolated CO2Gas enters alkali-making process recycling；
The abraum salt passes through abraum salt treatment process, obtains saturated sodium chloride solution and enters alkaline reaction recycling；
Heat in the flue gas and abraum salt through flue gas heat-exchange unit and the supply power generation of abraum salt heat exchanger a part, use by another part
It is reacted in alkaline.
2. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
In the incinerator, abraum salt is spread out of using potsherd conveyer belt；The connector of the potsherd conveyer belt uses carbon fiber
Dimension production.
3. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The waste gas treatment process successively includes desulfurizing and denitrifying process, Alkali absorption technique and gas separation compression process；Isolated N2
And H2O is discharged as exhaust gas, isolated CO2Gas enters alkali-making process recycling.
4. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The abraum salt treatment process includes: the abraum salt heat exchanger connection water pipe；Heat in abraum salt is made through abraum salt heat exchanger
Liquid water transitions are thermally formed high temperature and high pressure steam by flue gas heat-exchange unit and use for power generation at vapor, vapor, and abraum salt exists
It is cooling during this；Abraum salt after cooling is soluble in water, spent brine solution is obtained, is satisfied by the membrane filtration of filter press
And sodium chloride solution, it reacts and recycles into alkaline.
5. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating filter membrane is porous polyethylene amide block copolymers filter membrane.
6. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The alkali-making process carries out in a high pressure reaction kettle, provides CO by waste gas treatment process2, heat is provided by flue gas heat-exchange unit；
Saturated sodium chloride solution is provided by abraum salt treatment process, then is passed through ammonia and carbon dioxide is reacted, chlorination is recycled after reaction
Ammonium, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
7. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 6, it is characterised in that:
The alkali-making process carries out in a high pressure reaction kettle, reaction condition are as follows: CO2Gas flow 72-120m3/ h, pressure
0.01Mpa-0.2Mpa, NH3Gas flow 40-60m3/ h, NaCl saturated solution flow velocity 45-62m3/ h, 30 DEG C -45 of reaction temperature
DEG C, reaction time 3-7h, NH in reaction kettle3Concentration 4.95mol/L-5.1mol/L, CO2Concentration 2.1mol/L-4mol/L.
8. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:
The connector of the potsherd conveyer belt using carbon fiber production carbon fiber the preparation method comprises the following steps:
S1: nano SiO is prepared2Mixed with polymers solution；The nano SiO2Mixed with polymers solution passes through nanocrystalline
Type SiO2, block polyetheramides copolymer and organic solvent three be obtained by mixing；
S2: the nano SiO that impregnated carbon fiber is obtained in step S12In mixed with polymers solution, lifting extraction carbon fiber.
9. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:
In the desulfurizing and denitrifying process, using niobium class catalyst.
10. a kind of processing method of solid waste with high salt containing organic matter according to claim 9, it is characterised in that:
The niobium class catalyst the preparation method comprises the following steps:
S1: niobium oxide nano material is prepared；Niobium oxide nano material is prepared by niobium salt, tungsten salt, molybdenum salt；
S2: being added platinum salt solution, and niobium class catalyst is made.
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| CN115318808A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-11-11 | 中化(浙江)膜产业发展有限公司 | Waste recycling coupling process system and method based on membrane technology |
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