CN109678456A - Sound absorption ceramic material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sound absorption ceramic material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109678456A CN109678456A CN201811623084.9A CN201811623084A CN109678456A CN 109678456 A CN109678456 A CN 109678456A CN 201811623084 A CN201811623084 A CN 201811623084A CN 109678456 A CN109678456 A CN 109678456A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sound absorption ceramic materials, by weight, are prepared by following raw material: 25~35 parts of aluminium oxide ceramics, 25~35 parts of silicon carbide, 25~35 parts of talcum, 10~15 parts of silicate, 1~2 part of polyurethane organic foam, 30~40 parts of solvent.The present invention also provides the preparation methods of aforementioned sound absorption ceramic material, comprising the following steps: solvent is added in aluminium oxide ceramics, silicon carbide, talcum and silicate after mixing, obtains ceramic slurry；It is immersed in ceramic slurry after polyurethane organic foam is successively pre-processed with sodium hydroxide solution and cmc soln and carries out hanging, it is dry, obtain green body；Green body is sintered step, obtains sound absorption ceramic material after the completion of sintering.The present invention has the advantages that sound absorbing performance is good.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to functional material sound absorption technique field more particularly to a kind of sound absorption ceramic material and its preparation sides
Method.
Background technique
Usual material of the average sound absorption coefficient greater than 0.2 is known as sound-absorbing material, at present the inorfils class such as mineral wool, rock wool
Porous material is the most frequently used sound-absorbing material, and sound absorption effect is good, but it has certain irritation to human body, and itself is without intensity,
It need to be used in combination with finishing materials such as perforated metal panels.And the organics such as polyester fiber acoustic board, polyurethane foam acoustic board are more
Hole sound absorbing material sound absorption effect is also preferable, can directly use without facing, but its fire resistance is poor, use environment is restricted.
Therefore the porous, inorganics sound-absorbing material such as foam glass, foamed ceramics is got growing concern for, but conventional using foaming legal system
Foam glass, the foamed ceramics of work are bad due to that can not form suitably effective through-hole structure, sound absorption effect.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that, for technical problem of the existing technology, the present invention provides one
The good sound absorption ceramic material and preparation method thereof of kind sound absorbing performance.
In order to solve the above technical problems, technical solution proposed by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of sound absorption ceramic material is prepared by following raw material by weight:
25~35 parts of aluminium oxide ceramics, 25~35 parts of silicon carbide, 25~35 parts of talcum, 10~15 parts of silicate, polyurethane is organic
1~2 part of foam, 30~40 parts of solvent.
As further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal:
Preferably, the raw material further include: 10~20 parts of auxiliary agent, 2~4 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, cmc soln 2 ~ 4
Part.
Preferably, the partial size of the aluminium oxide ceramics is 10~100nm, and the silicon carbide is 600 ~ 1500 mesh silicon carbide
Powder.
Preferably, the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 10~30%, and the concentration of the cmc soln is 1
~6%.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is in tackifier, thickener, reinforcing agent, dispersing agent, water-retaining agent, lubricant and grinding aid
It is one or more.
Preferably, the auxiliary agent is one of tackifier, thickener, reinforcing agent or a variety of.
It is highly preferred that the auxiliary agent is polyethylene glycol oxide.
It is highly preferred that the carboxymethyl cellulose that the auxiliary agent is 3~5%.
Preferably, the silicate is one of sodium metasilicate, potassium silicate, calcium silicates, magnesium silicate, barium silicate and alumina silicate
Or it is a variety of.
Preferably, the silicate is one of sodium metasilicate, calcium silicates and magnesium silicate or a variety of.
Preferably, the solvent is water.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of sound absorption ceramic material, comprising the following steps:
S1, solvent is added in aluminium oxide ceramics, silicon carbide, talcum and silicate after mixing, obtains ceramic slurry；
S2, polyurethane organic foam is successively subjected to pre-treatment step with sodium hydroxide solution and cmc soln, obtained
Pretreated polyurethane organic foam；
S3, pretreated polyurethane organic foam obtained by step S2 is immersed into progress hanging step in ceramic slurry obtained by step S1
Suddenly, dry, obtain green body；
S4, green body obtained by step S3 is sintered to step, obtains sound absorption ceramic material after the completion of sintering.
Preferably, the aperture of polyurethane organic foam is 20~70 mesh.
Preferably, the specific steps in the step S4 are as follows: green body is placed in reaction vessel, is warming up to 400~500 DEG C
First sintering is carried out, the polyurethane organic foam in green body is removed, vacuumizes reaction vessel after the completion of first step sintering, after
Continuous to be warming up to 1150~1650 DEG C of progress, second of sintering, cooling after the completion of sintering obtains sound absorption ceramic material.
Preferably, the heating rate of the first sintering is 1~3 DEG C/min, the heating rate of second of sintering
For 5~10 DEG C/min.
The time of first sintering is 3~8h, and the time of second of sintering is 3~5h.
It is highly preferred that the time of first sintering is 4~6h.
Preferably, the step S2 specifically: polyurethane organic foam is soaked in 12 in sodium hydroxide solution~for 24 hours after
It takes out, it is dry after being rinsed with water, then it is soaked in 5~10h of cmc soln, obtaining pretreated polyurethane after dry has
Machine foam.
It is highly preferred that the time that polyurethane organic foam is soaked in sodium hydroxide solution is 8~18h in the step S2,
The time for being soaked in cmc soln is 2~8h.
As a further improvement of the present invention:
It is porous that the principle of the present invention, which is using with decomposable polyurethane organic foam under the three-dimensional netted skeleton of aperture, high temperature,
Carrier squeezes polyurethane organic foam, is sufficiently submerged in ceramic slurry after excluding air, allows polyurethane organic foam in ceramics
Stretching, extension and absorbent ceramic slurry, absorption remove extra slurry after the completion, obtain green body naturally in slurry, ceramic slurry point in green body
Cloth is uniformly on polyurethane organic foam and without dead hole.Using dry in the shade, dry or microwave drying after etc. after modes dry base substrate, then
It at high temperature decomposes polyurethane organic foam and forms the sound absorption ceramic material of porous structure, the pore structure of sound absorption ceramic material
Depend primarily on pore structure, surface nature and slurry the attachment thickness of polyurethane organic foam.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: sound absorption ceramic material of the invention has pole to the cigarette of burning
Strong protective capacities, fire-retardant, panel will not melt, and the long-term retention performance of energy has good fire line, at the same time, this hair
Bright sound absorption ceramic material sound absorption ceramic material can be used as assembled substation sound absorbent for building, be easy to construct, sound absorption system
Performance is good, and compression strength 2.1Mpa after 7 days in soaking water, is after tested B1 grades of nonflammable materials, the H that resistance to pH value is 52SO4Solution
It corrodes, can be used for a long time, be a kind of environmentally protective sound absorption and insulation material also without any organic volatile.
Sound absorption ceramic material of the invention has good moisture-proof frost resistance, frost resistance > -27 DEG C, therefore will not be by weather
The influence of variation and moisture, will not addle or generate mould.
The preparation method of sound absorption ceramic material of the present invention, simple process and low cost, the used time is short, easy to implement.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is process flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is present invention process pore-forming schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the sintered photo of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 4 is that the commercially available sound absorbing performance curve with the sound absorption ceramic material of embodiment 1 of the present invention compares figure.
Fig. 5 is that the commercially available average sound absorption coefficient with the sound absorption ceramic material of embodiment 1 of the present invention compares figure.
Fig. 6 is that the commercially available sound absorbing performance curve with the sound absorption ceramic material of embodiment 2 of the present invention compares figure.
Fig. 7 is that the commercially available average sound absorption coefficient with the sound absorption ceramic material of embodiment 2 of the present invention compares figure.
Fig. 8 is that the commercially available sound absorbing performance curve with the sound absorption ceramic material of embodiment 3 of the present invention compares figure.
Fig. 9 is that the commercially available average sound absorption coefficient with the sound absorption ceramic material of embodiment 3 of the present invention compares figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description and specific preferred embodiment, the invention will be further described, but not therefore and
It limits the scope of the invention.Unless specifically indicated, material and instrument used below are commercially available.
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, a kind of preparation method of sound absorption ceramic material of the invention, comprising the following steps:
S1, solvent is added in aluminium oxide ceramics, silicon carbide, talcum and silicate after mixing, obtains ceramic slurry；
S2, polyurethane organic foam is successively subjected to pre-treatment step with sodium hydroxide solution and cmc soln, obtained
Pretreated polyurethane organic foam；
S3, pretreated polyurethane organic foam obtained by step S2 is immersed into progress hanging step in ceramic slurry obtained by step S1
Suddenly, dry, obtain green body；
S4, green body obtained by step S3 is sintered to step, obtains sound absorption ceramic material after the completion of sintering.
It is porous load that utilization of the invention, which has decomposable polyurethane organic foam under the three-dimensional netted skeleton of aperture, high temperature,
Polyurethane organic foam is sufficiently submerged in ceramic slurry by body, and polyurethane organic foam is allowed to stretch naturally simultaneously in ceramic slurry
Absorbent ceramic slurry removes extra slurry after the completion of absorption, obtains green body, ceramic slurry is evenly distributed and has in polyurethane in green body
On machine foam and without dead hole.Using dry in the shade, dry or microwave drying after etc. after modes dry base substrate, then make polyurethane at high temperature
Organic foam decomposes and is formed the sound absorption ceramic material of porous structure, and the pore structure of sound absorption ceramic material depends primarily on polyurethane
Pore structure, surface nature and the slurry of organic foam adhere to thickness.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of preparation method of the sound absorption ceramic material of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) by 30 parts and 15 parts of dispersing agent carboxymethyl cellulose of high-content aluminium oxide ceramics powder, 5 parts of polyethylene glycol oxide mixing are equal
It is even, then be fully ground and mixed by ball milling with 25 parts of carborundum powder, 35 parts of talcum powder and 15 parts of silicic acid magnesium powder, obtain ceramic material；
40 parts of water are added in ceramic material, stirs 15min with constant temperature blender with magnetic force, obtains ceramic slurry, ceramic slurry has at this time
Good mobility and stability, water energy enough promote going on smoothly for the techniques such as mixing, stirring.
(2) 1 part of polyurethane organic foam is taken to be pre-processed, it is that 25%NaOH is molten that 2 parts of concentration are first placed at a temperature of 30 DEG C
Liquid impregnate 18h after take out, after being rinsed well with clear water, spontaneously dry in air, then 2 parts of concentration be 4% carboxymethyl cellulose
It takes out, spontaneously dries in air, the polyurethane organic foam that must have been pre-processed after impregnating 8h in solution, what gained had pre-processed
The partial size of polyurethane organic foam is 30 mesh.
(3) the polyurethane organic foam pre-processed is put into ceramic slurry and carries out hanging, squeezed repeatedly during hanging
Polyurethane organic foam is pressed, ceramic slurry is enable sufficiently to hang on organic foam, it is first naturally dry at room temperature after the completion of hanging
Dry 12h, places into baking oven and is put into baking oven, is at the uniform velocity warming up to 80 DEG C of freeze-day with constant temperature 2h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, closes
Natural cooling after baking oven is closed, green body is obtained.
In the present embodiment, after pretreatment, the solid content of ceramic slurry is 65%.
(4) green body is placed in sintering furnace, 450 DEG C of progress first sinterings is warming up to the heating rate of 1.5 DEG C/min,
Time from room temperature to 450 DEG C is about 4.7h, keeps the temperature 0.5h, the polyurethane organic foam in green body is removed, by sintering furnace
It vacuumizes, continues to be warming up to 1250 DEG C, Isothermal sinter 4h with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, natural cooling obtains sound absorption ceramic material
Material.As shown in figure 3, sintered sound absorption ceramic material has porous structure.
In the present embodiment, the content of aluminium oxide is 65% in high-content aluminium oxide ceramics powder.
By foamed ceramics GB-T18696.2-2002 " acoustic absorptivity and acoustic impedance in acoustic impedance pipe according to national standards
Measure the 2nd part transfer function method ", normal sound absorption coefficient measurement is carried out by acoustic impedance pipe, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are respectively indicated
Commercially available foamed ceramics (the 10ppi foamed ceramics of new chemical materials Co., Ltd, Pingxiang City Hengchang) and the present embodiment sound absorption ceramic material
Expect that thickness is 1cm, when it is 50mm that back is empty, 1600Hz sound absorbing performance curve below compares figure and average sound absorption coefficient ratio
Compared with figure.When it is 50mm that back is empty, 400Hz and effect of low-frequency sound absorption below are more preferable, and 1600Hz or less average sound absorption coefficient improves
77.8%.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of preparation method of the sound absorption ceramic material of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) by 25 parts and 10 parts of dispersing agent carboxymethyl cellulose of high-content aluminium oxide ceramics powder, 2 parts of polyethylene glycol oxide mixing are equal
It is even, then be fully ground and mixed by ball milling with 25 parts of carborundum powder, 25 parts of talcum powder and 10 parts of potassium silicate powder, obtain ceramic material；
30 parts of water are added in ceramic material, stirs 15min with constant temperature blender with magnetic force, obtains ceramic slurry, ceramic slurry has at this time
Good mobility and stability, water energy enough promote going on smoothly for the techniques such as mixing, stirring.
(2) 1 part of polyurethane organic foam is taken to be pre-processed, it is that 20%NaOH is molten that 3 parts of concentration are first placed at a temperature of 30 DEG C
Liquid takes out after impregnating 12h, after being rinsed well with clear water, spontaneously dries in air, is 3% carboxymethyl cellulose then at 4 parts of concentration
It takes out, spontaneously dries in air, the polyurethane organic foam that must have been pre-processed after impregnating 8h in solution, what gained had pre-processed
The partial size of polyurethane organic foam is 30 mesh.
(3) the polyurethane organic foam pre-processed is put into ceramic slurry and carries out hanging, squeezed repeatedly during hanging
Polyurethane organic foam is pressed, ceramic slurry is enable sufficiently to hang on organic foam, it is first naturally dry at room temperature after the completion of hanging
Dry 12h, places into baking oven and is put into baking oven, is at the uniform velocity warming up to 80 DEG C of freeze-day with constant temperature 2h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, closes
Natural cooling after baking oven is closed, green body is obtained.
In the present embodiment, after pretreatment, the solid content of ceramic slurry is 70%.
(4) green body is placed in sintering furnace, 400 DEG C of progress first sinterings is warming up to the heating rate of 1 DEG C/min, from
The time of room temperature to 450 DEG C is about 6.2h, keeps the temperature 0.5h, removes the polyurethane organic foam in green body, sintering furnace is taken out
Vacuum continues to be warming up to 1150 DEG C, Isothermal sinter 3h with the heating rate of 5 DEG C/min, and natural cooling obtains sound absorption ceramic material.
In the present embodiment, the content of aluminium oxide is 63% in high-content aluminium oxide ceramics powder.
By foamed ceramics GB-T18696.2-2002 " acoustic absorptivity and acoustic impedance in acoustic impedance pipe according to national standards
Measure the 2nd part transfer function method ", carrying out normal sound absorption coefficient measurement by acoustic impedance pipe, (following embodiment also utilizes
This method measures), Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 respectively indicates commercially available foamed ceramics and the sound absorption ceramic material thickness of the present embodiment is
1cm, when it is 50mm that back is empty, 1600Hz sound absorbing performance curve below compares figure and average sound absorption coefficient compares figure.It is empty in back
400Hz and effect of low-frequency sound absorption below are more preferable when for 50mm, and 1600Hz or less average sound absorption coefficient improves 50%.The present embodiment
In commercially available foamed ceramics it is identical as in embodiment 1.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of preparation method of the sound absorption ceramic material of the present embodiment, comprising the following steps:
(1) by 25 parts and 10 parts of dispersing agent carboxymethyl cellulose of common levels of alumina ceramic powder, 6 parts of polyethylene glycol oxide mixing are equal
It is even, then be fully ground and mixed by ball milling with 35 parts of carborundum powder, 30 parts of talcum powder and 10 parts of potassium silicate powder, obtain ceramic material；
35 parts of water are added in ceramic material, stirs 15min with constant temperature blender with magnetic force, obtains ceramic slurry, ceramic slurry has at this time
Good mobility and stability, water energy enough promote going on smoothly for the techniques such as mixing, stirring.
(2) it takes 1 part of polyurethane organic foam to be pre-processed, 3 parts of concentration 30%NaOH solution is first placed at a temperature of 30 DEG C
It takes out after impregnating 18h, after being rinsed well with clear water, spontaneously dries in air, be that 5% carboxymethyl cellulose is molten then at 2 parts of concentration
It takes out, spontaneously dries in air, the polyurethane organic foam that must have been pre-processed after impregnating 8h in liquid.
(3) the polyurethane organic foam pre-processed is put into ceramic slurry and carries out hanging, squeezed repeatedly during hanging
Polyurethane organic foam is pressed, ceramic slurry is enable sufficiently to hang on organic foam, it is first naturally dry at room temperature after the completion of hanging
Dry 12h, places into baking oven and is put into baking oven, is at the uniform velocity warming up to 80 DEG C of freeze-day with constant temperature 2 hours with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min,
Natural cooling after closing baking oven, obtains green body.
In the present embodiment, after pretreatment, the solid content of ceramic slurry is 75%.
(4) green body is placed in sintering furnace, 500 DEG C of progress first sinterings is warming up to the heating rate of 2 DEG C/min, from
The time of room temperature to 450 DEG C is about 3.9h, keeps the temperature 0.5h, the polyurethane organic foam in green body is removed, by sintering furnace
It vacuumizes, continues to be warming up to 1650 DEG C, Isothermal sinter 3h with the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, natural cooling obtains sound absorption ceramic material
Material.
In the present embodiment, the content of aluminium oxide is 25% in common levels of alumina ceramic powder.
By foamed ceramics GB-T18696.2-2002 " acoustic absorptivity and acoustic impedance in acoustic impedance pipe according to national standards
Measure the 2nd part transfer function method ", normal sound absorption coefficient measurement is carried out by acoustic impedance pipe, Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 are respectively indicated
Commercially available foamed ceramics and the present embodiment sound absorption ceramic material are when it is 50mm that back is empty, 1600Hz sound absorbing performance curve ratio below
Compare figure compared with figure and average sound absorption coefficient.When it is 50mm that back is empty, the following average sound absorption coefficient of 1600Hz improves 66.7%.This reality
It is identical as in embodiment 1 to apply commercially available foamed ceramics in example.
In practical application, sound absorption ceramic material of the invention can be fixed on to building surface, in sound absorption ceramic material
Cavity is arranged in bottom and building surface.
Above-mentioned only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention in any form.Although of the invention
It has been disclosed in a preferred embodiment above, however, it is not intended to limit the invention.Therefore, all without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Content, technical spirit any simple modifications, equivalents, and modifications made to the above embodiment, should all fall according to the present invention
In the range of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of sound absorption ceramic material, it is characterised in that: by weight, be prepared by following raw material:
25~35 parts of aluminium oxide ceramics, 25~35 parts of silicon carbide, 25~35 parts of talcum, 10~15 parts of silicate, polyurethane is organic
1~2 part of foam, 30~40 parts of solvent.
2. sound absorption ceramic material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the raw material further include: 10~20 parts of auxiliary agent,
2~4 parts of sodium hydroxide solution, 1 ~ 2 part of cmc soln.
3. sound absorption ceramic material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution be 10~
30%, the concentration of the cmc soln is 3~5%.
4. sound absorption ceramic material according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the auxiliary agent is tackifier, thickener, enhancing
One of agent, dispersing agent, water-retaining agent, lubricant and grinding aid are a variety of.
5. sound absorption ceramic material according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that: the silicate is silicic acid
One of sodium, potassium silicate, calcium silicates, magnesium silicate, barium silicate and alumina silicate are a variety of.
6. sound absorption ceramic material according to any one of claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that: the solvent is water.
7. a kind of preparation method of sound absorption ceramic material according to any one of claim 1 to 6, it is characterised in that: packet
Include following steps:
S1, solvent is added in aluminium oxide ceramics, silicon carbide, talcum and silicate after mixing, obtains ceramic slurry；
S2, polyurethane organic foam is successively subjected to pre-treatment step with sodium hydroxide solution and cmc soln, obtained
Pretreated polyurethane organic foam；
S3, pretreated polyurethane organic foam obtained by step S2 is immersed into progress hanging step in ceramic slurry obtained by step S1
Suddenly, dry, obtain green body；
S4, green body obtained by step S3 is sintered to step, obtains sound absorption ceramic material after the completion of sintering.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the specific steps in the step S4 are as follows: by green body
It is placed in reaction vessel, is warming up to 400~500 DEG C of progress first sinterings, remove the polyurethane organic foam in green body, first
Reaction vessel is vacuumized after the completion of step sintering, 1150~1650 DEG C is continuously heating to and carries out second of sintering, after the completion of sintering
It is cooling, obtain sound absorption ceramic material.
9. preparation method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the heating rate of the first sintering is 1~3
DEG C/min, the heating rate of second of sintering is 5~10 DEG C/min.
10. preparation method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, it is characterised in that: the step S2 specifically: will gather
Urethane organic foam is soaked in 12 in sodium hydroxide solution~takes out afterwards for 24 hours, dry after being rinsed with water, then is soaked in carboxymethyl fibre
5~10h of plain solution is tieed up, obtains pretreated polyurethane organic foam after dry.
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Application publication date: 20190426 |