CN109678206B - Tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2And application thereof - Google Patents

Tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2And application thereof Download PDF

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CN109678206B
CN109678206B CN201910067021.8A CN201910067021A CN109678206B CN 109678206 B CN109678206 B CN 109678206B CN 201910067021 A CN201910067021 A CN 201910067021A CN 109678206 B CN109678206 B CN 109678206B
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polyethyleneimine
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polyvinylpyrrolidone
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吴朝辉
吴敏
邱俊豪
潘跃
李泰戈
张世英
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Changsha University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2The conversion method comprises the following steps: dissolving a bromide ion source, polyethyleneimine and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a solvent, and mixing to form a uniform solution A; dissolving bismuth salt in a solvent to form a solution B; adding the solution A into the solution B to form a precursor solution, stirring, pouring into a reaction kettle, heating and reacting; cooling the reacted solution to room temperature to obtain a precipitate, and washing and drying the precipitate to obtain Bi4O5Br2. The method has the characteristics of low reaction temperature, less flow, simple operation process, mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness. Bi prepared by the invention4O5Br2The nano-sheet has better light absorption efficiency and has potential application in photocatalytic reaction and photoelectric conversion processes.

Description

Tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2And application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of semiconductor materials, in particular to a tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2And applications thereof.
Background
Bismuth oxyhalide series material BiOX (X ═ Cl, Br, I) has a special two-dimensional crystal structure ([ Bi ]2O2]2+The layer and the double halogen atom layer are combined by Van der Waals force and are alternately arranged along the c-axis direction), the crystal face, the defect structure, the energy band structure and the like which are easy to be modulated show more ideal activity of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, and the preparation method can be used for photocatalytic solar fuel production (such as photocatalytic decomposition of water and carbon dioxide)Reduction), heavy metal reduction and the like, and has wide application prospects.
The BiOBr semiconductor nanosheet as a typical tetragonal bismuth oxyhalide material has a narrow forbidden band width (about 2.7eV), and has good absorption in the visible light region. And due to the strong internal electric field effect and the special sandwich structure, the two-dimensional nanosheets with high-exposure crystal faces are easily formed in the crystal growth process, and the BiOBr nanosheets with high-exposure (001) crystal faces and (010) crystal faces are formed.
Compared with BiOBr semiconductor material, the other bismuth and oxygen enriched monoclinic system Bi4O5Br2The semiconductor has narrower forbidden band width (about 2.3eV) and more negative conduction band and valence band positions, and has stronger visible light absorption efficiency. Moreover, Bi due to two-dimensional morphology4O5Br2The current carrier of the semiconductor nanosheet has a shorter transfer path in a two-dimensional plane, has good transfer and transport efficiency, and shows higher photocatalytic efficiency and wide application prospect in the aspects of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in the environment and generation of photocatalytic fuel.
At present, a plurality of patents and literatures indicate that the pH regulation in the reaction process is to obtain Bi4O5Br2The semiconductor is critical. Usually, Bi (NO)3)3·5H2O is a source of bismuth ions, by addition of NaOH or NH3·H2Adjusting the pH value of the reaction to be more than 10 by using O, and obtaining the two-dimensional Bi under the simple hydrothermal or solvothermal condition4O5Br2Semiconductor nano-sheet.
However, the large amount of alkaline solution increases the burden of environmental treatment in the material post-washing process, increasing the production cost. Thus, by lowering the reaction pH, even under neutral conditions, BiOBr nanoplates are obtained in Bi4O5Br2The transformation method has not been reported in patents and literatures so far.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, the object of the present invention is to provide a tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2And applications thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2The method for converting (1) comprises the steps of:
dissolving a bromide ion source, polyethyleneimine and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a solvent, and mixing to form a uniform solution A;
dissolving bismuth salt in the solvent to form a solution B;
adding the solution A into the solution B to form a precursor solution, stirring, pouring into a reaction kettle, heating and reacting;
cooling the reacted solution to room temperature to obtain a precipitate, and washing and drying the precipitate to obtain Bi4O5Br2。
In one embodiment, the bromide ion source is selected from at least one of the following bromine-containing species: potassium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.
In one embodiment, the bismuth salt is selected from at least one of the following bismuth-containing species: bismuth nitrate and bismuth oxide.
In one embodiment, the solvent is selected from at least one of the following: water, ethylene glycol and glycerol.
In one embodiment, the polyethyleneimine is grafted polyethyleneimine, Mw is 10000; and/or the Mw of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is 8000-12000.
In one embodiment, the bromide ion source and the bismuth salt are in the same molar amount.
In one embodiment, the concentration content of the bromide ion source is 0.5-1 mmol, the addition amount of polyethyleneimine is 0.25g, and the addition amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5 g.
In one embodiment, the concentration content of the bromide ion source is 2-3 mmol, the addition amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5g, and the addition amount of polyethyleneimine is not less than 0.4 g.
In one embodiment, the heating temperature in the reaction kettle is 180 ℃, and the reaction time is 3-24 h.
The invention also provides a tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2Bi obtained by the conversion method of4O5Br2Application in photocatalysis.
The reaction principle of the above conversion method is: adding protonatable high molecular weight polyethyleneimine to the reaction solution by changing the concentration of the polyethyleneimine or adding Br-The concentration of the ions is used for regulating and controlling the surface of the protonated polyethyleneimine and the formed BiOBr nanosheet and the anion Br thereof in the solution state-And Br ions in the BiOBr crystal structure, so that the Bi of a monoclinic phase is obtained under the weak acidity or neutral condition4O5Br2Nanosheets.
Compared with the prior art, the positive effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) the formed protonated polyethyleneimine not only serves as a morphology regulator, but also can serve as a pH regulator, polyethyleneimine with different concentrations is added, the final product can be BiOBr nanosheets, and Bi of a two-dimensional tetragonal crystal system BiOBr to a monoclinic crystal system can also be driven4O5Br2Converting the nano sheets; secondly, the conversion method only adopts a solvothermal or hydrothermal method, and can ensure that the final product stays in BiOBr/Bi by adjusting the protonation degree of polyethyleneimine4O5Br2The composite crystal phase forms a heterojunction structure, improves the absorption efficiency of visible light and the separation efficiency of carriers, and improves the activity of the photocatalyst.
(2) The tetragonal phase BiOBr or monoclinic system Bi prepared by the invention4O5Br2Has a multi-defect structure and can play an effective role in the separation and transfer of carriers in the photocatalysis process.
(3) The method has the characteristics of low reaction temperature, less flow, simple operation process, mild reaction conditions and environmental friendliness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is the XRD patterns of products under different concentration conditions of polyethyleneimine;
FIG. 2 is the XRD pattern of the product at different concentrations of bromide ion source;
in FIG. 3, (a), (b), (c) and (d) are SEM pictures of the product under different concentration conditions of bromide ion source.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein, but rather should be construed as broadly as the present invention is capable of other modifications without departing from the spirit and scope thereof as defined by the appended claims.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
Example 1
Mixing 2mmol of KBr with 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone and dissolving in 50ml of aqueous solution to form solution A;
dissolving 2mmol of bismuth nitrate in 20ml of water to form a white suspension B;
rapidly pouring the formed solution A into the solution B to form mixed suspension under the action of a magnetic stirrer, magnetically stirring the suspension for 30min, measuring the pH value of the reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle with the volume of 100ml, and reacting for 3h at 180 ℃;
and cooling the reaction kettle after the reaction to room temperature, washing the obtained precipitate with water, ethanol and acetone, and drying at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the final product BOB-1.
Example 2
Mixing 2mmol of KBr, 0.25g of polyethyleneimine and 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dissolving in 50ml of an aqueous solution to form a solution A;
dissolving 2mmol of bismuth nitrate in 20ml of water to form a white suspension B;
under the action of a magnetic stirrer, quickly pouring the formed solution A into the solution B to form a mixed suspension, magnetically stirring the formed suspension for 30min, measuring the pH value of the reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle with the volume of 100ml, and reacting for 3h at 180 ℃;
and cooling the reaction kettle after the reaction to room temperature, washing the obtained precipitate with water, ethanol and acetone, and drying at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the final product BOB-2.
Example 3
Mixing 2mmol of KBr, 0.4g of polyethyleneimine and 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dissolving in 50ml of an aqueous solution to form a solution A;
dissolving 2mmol of bismuth nitrate in 20ml of water to form a white suspension B;
under the action of a magnetic stirrer, quickly pouring the formed solution A into the solution B to form a mixed suspension, magnetically stirring the formed suspension for 30min, measuring the pH value of the reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle with the volume of 100ml, and reacting for 3h at 180 ℃;
and cooling the reaction kettle after the reaction to room temperature, washing the obtained precipitate with water, ethanol and acetone, and drying at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the final product BOB-3.
Example 4
Mixing 2mmol of KBr, 0.5g of polyethyleneimine and 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dissolving in 50ml of an aqueous solution to form a solution A;
dissolving 2mmol of bismuth nitrate in 20ml of water to form a white suspension B;
under the action of a magnetic stirrer, quickly pouring the formed solution A into the solution B to form a mixed suspension, magnetically stirring the formed suspension for 30min, measuring the pH value of the reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle with the volume of 100ml, and reacting for 3h at 180 ℃;
and cooling the reaction kettle after the reaction to room temperature, washing the obtained precipitate with water, ethanol and acetone, and drying at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the final product BOB-4.
The amounts of polyethyleneimine added in examples 1 to 3 were gradually increased from 0 to 0.5g, and the pH values of the reaction systems were 2.0, 3.9, 6.5 and 7.4, respectively, indicating that the concentrations of protonated polyethyleneimine in the reaction systems were gradually increased. By comparing the X-ray diffraction patterns of the obtained products BOB-1 to BOB-4, the obtained product was BiOBr when the mass of polyethyleneimine added was 0 and 0.25 g; when the amount of polyethyleneimine added was 0.4g or 0.5g, the product produced was Bi4O5Br2As shown in fig. 1.
Example 5
Mixing and dissolving 0.5g of molar KBr, 0.25g of polyethyleneimine and 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone in 50ml of an aqueous solution to form a solution A;
dissolving 0.5mmol of bismuth nitrate with the molar ratio of KBr to 20ml of water to form a white suspension B;
rapidly pouring the formed solution A into the solution B to form mixed suspension under the action of a magnetic stirrer, magnetically stirring the suspension for 30min, measuring the pH value of the reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle with the volume of 100ml, and reacting for 3h at 180 ℃;
and cooling the reaction kettle after the reaction to room temperature, washing the obtained precipitate with water, ethanol and acetone, and drying at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the final product BOB-5.
Example 6
Mixing KBr with the molar concentration of 1mmol, 0.25g of polyethyleneimine and 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dissolving the mixture in 50ml of aqueous solution to form solution A;
dissolving 1mmol of bismuth nitrate in 20ml of water to form a white suspension B;
rapidly pouring the formed solution A into the solution B to form mixed suspension under the action of a magnetic stirrer, magnetically stirring the suspension for 30min, measuring the pH value of the reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle with the volume of 100ml, and reacting for 3h at 180 ℃;
and cooling the reaction kettle after the reaction to room temperature, washing the obtained precipitate with water, ethanol and acetone, and drying at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the final product BOB-6.
Example 7
Mixing KBr with the molar concentration of 3mmol, 0.25g of polyethyleneimine and 0.5g of polyvinylpyrrolidone, and dissolving the mixture in 50ml of aqueous solution to form solution A;
dissolving 3mmol of bismuth nitrate in 20ml of water to form a white suspension B;
rapidly pouring the formed solution A into the solution B to form mixed suspension under the action of a magnetic stirrer, magnetically stirring the suspension for 30min, measuring the pH value of the reaction solution, transferring the reaction solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene reaction kettle with the volume of 100ml, and reacting for 3h at 180 ℃;
and cooling the reaction kettle after the reaction to room temperature, washing the obtained precipitate with water, ethanol and acetone, and drying at 80 ℃ for 24 hours to obtain the final product BOB-7.
Examples 5 and 6, example 2 and example 7, the concentration of polyethyleneimine in the reaction system was fixed, the concentration of bromide and the corresponding concentration of bismuth ion source in the system gradually increased from 0.5mmol to 3mmol, and the pH values of the reaction system were 8.2, 6.8, 3.9 and 1.9, respectively, indicating that the concentration of protonated amine groups in the reaction system gradually decreased. Performing X-ray diffraction characterization on the prepared products BOB-2, BOB-5 to BOB-7, comparing with a standard card, and when the molar quantity of KBr is 0.5 and 1mmol, the prepared two-dimensional nanosheet is Bi4O5Br2(ii) a And when the molar quantity of KBr is increased to 2 and 3mmol, the obtained two-dimensional nanosheet is BiOBr, as shown in FIG. 2.
The prepared products are characterized by a scanning electron microscope, the appearances of the prepared products are two-dimensional lamella, and the grain size of the lamella gradually decreases from micrometer size to nanometer size, as shown in (a), (b), (c) and (d) in fig. 3.
The invention also provides a tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2Bi obtained by the conversion method of4O5Br2Application in photocatalysis. Because the monoclinic system Bi prepared by the invention4O5Br2Has a multi-defect structure, and can be used for separating and transferring carriers in a photocatalysis processHas the effect of treating the diseases.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims (4)

1. Tetragonal phase BiOBr oriented monoclinic phase Bi4O5Br2Characterized by comprising the steps of:
dissolving a bromide ion source, polyethyleneimine and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a solvent, and mixing to form a uniform solution A;
dissolving bismuth salt in the solvent to form a solution B;
adding the solution A into the solution B to form a precursor solution, stirring, pouring into a reaction kettle, heating to 180 ℃ for reaction, and reacting for 3-24 hours;
cooling the reacted solution to room temperature to obtain a precipitate, and washing and drying the precipitate to obtain Bi4O5Br2；
The polyethyleneimine is grafted polyethyleneimine, and Mw = 10000; the Mw of the polyvinylpyrrolidone is = 8000-12000; the bromide ion source and the bismuth salt have the same molar amount;
wherein the concentration content of the bromide ion source is 0.5-1 mmol, the addition amount of polyethyleneimine is 0.25g, and the addition amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5 g; or the concentration content of the bromide ion source is 2-3 mmol, the addition amount of polyethyleneimine is not less than 0.4g, and the addition amount of polyvinylpyrrolidone is 0.5 g.
2. The conversion process of claim 1, wherein the bromide ion source is selected from at least one of the following bromine-containing species: potassium bromide and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide.
3. The conversion method according to claim 1, wherein the bismuth salt is selected from at least one of the following bismuth-containing substances: bismuth nitrate and bismuth oxide.
4. The conversion process according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is selected from at least one of the following: water, ethylene glycol and glycerol.
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