CN109672435B - Single-phase alternating current solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection - Google Patents
Single-phase alternating current solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN109672435B CN109672435B CN201811444629.XA CN201811444629A CN109672435B CN 109672435 B CN109672435 B CN 109672435B CN 201811444629 A CN201811444629 A CN 201811444629A CN 109672435 B CN109672435 B CN 109672435B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K19/00—Logic circuits, i.e. having at least two inputs acting on one output; Inverting circuits
- H03K19/0175—Coupling arrangements; Interface arrangements
- H03K19/017545—Coupling arrangements; Impedance matching circuits
- H03K19/017572—Coupling arrangements; Impedance matching circuits using opto-electronic devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
- H03K17/51—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the components used
- H03K2017/515—Mechanical switches; Electronic switches controlling mechanical switches, e.g. relais
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Abstract
The invention relates to a single-phase alternating current solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection, which is suitable for the application occasions of contactless switch control in an alternating current power supply or driving circuit. The circuit comprises an optical isolation type single-phase alternating current TRIAC driving circuit, a single-phase short circuit and an overload measurement and control circuit. The circuit specifically comprises an optocoupler IC1, a reverse-resistance thyristor VT1, a bidirectional thyristor VT2, a bias diode D1, a rectifier bridge QL1, a driving capacitor C1, a protection capacitor C2, a filter capacitor C3, a current-limiting resistor R1, a left driving resistor R2, a right driving resistor R3, a gate resistor R4, a protection resistor R5, a conversion resistor R6, a filter resistor R7, a divider resistor R8 and the like. The invention adopts a simple circuit scheme which mainly comprises a bidirectional thyristor, a reverse-resistance thyristor, a small inductor, a current sensor and the like, and can completely meet the requirement of reliable real-time protection on short circuit or overcurrent faults in an alternating current solid-state relay circuit. The circuit is simple, low in cost, high in reliability, good in universality and easy to produce.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of industrial measurement and control, relates to a circuit, and particularly relates to a single-phase alternating current solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection, which is suitable for the application occasions of contactless switch control in an alternating current power supply or driving circuit.
Background
Contactless solid-state relays are increasingly used because of their advantages of no mechanical contacts, fast response, long life, etc. However, an alternating current solid state relay using a TRIAC (TRIAC) as a power control device currently lacks a product with a reliable self-protection function for short circuit or overload faults, and although current detection and turn-off circuits are arranged in some related technical reports, the circuits cannot be protected in time for sudden short circuit or overload faults to cause damage, and the main problem is that the existing alternating current solid state relay does not have a capability of inhibiting current mutation in the circuit of the existing alternating current solid state relay. Therefore, how to design an alternating current solid-state relay scheme which can reliably carry out short circuit and overload protection, has a simple circuit and is easy to produce is the starting point of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a single-phase alternating current solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection, aiming at the defects in the prior art. The circuit consists of a light-blocking single-phase alternating current TRIAC drive circuit and a single-phase short circuit and overload measuring and controlling circuit, and is characterized in that a bidirectional Thyristor (TRIAC) is used as a power control device, a small inductor is connected in series to inhibit current mutation, a current sensor is configured, a reverse resistance type thyristor is used as a protection control device, and the circuit can be reliably turned off and protected when short circuit or overload occurs.
The circuit comprises an optical isolation type single-phase alternating current TRIAC driving circuit, a single-phase short circuit and an overload measurement and control circuit.
The light-blocking type single-phase alternating current TRIAC driving circuit comprises an optocoupler IC1, a bidirectional thyristor VT2, a bias diode D1, a driving capacitor C1, a protective capacitor C2, a current-limiting resistor R1, a left driving resistor R2, a right driving resistor R3, a gate resistor R4, a protective resistor R5 and a Load, wherein a positive driving end IN + end is connected with one end of the current-limiting resistor R1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R1 is connected with an anode of the bias diode D1 and an anode of the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1, a cathode of the bias diode D1 is connected with an anode of a light-emitting side of the optocoupler IC1, a cathode of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with the cathode of the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1 and then connected with a negative driving end IN-end, one end of an output side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with one end of the left driving resistor R2, and the other end of the output side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with one end of the gate resistor R4 and a gate of the bidirectional thyristor VT 2; an end L of an alternating current power supply terminal is connected with one end of an inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a 1 st anode of a bidirectional thyristor VT2, one end of a right driving resistor R3 and one end of a protection resistor R5, the other end of the right driving resistor R3 is connected with the other end of a left driving resistor R2 and one end of a driving capacitor C1, an end N of a zero line end of the alternating current power supply is connected with one end of a Load, a connecting line of the other end of the Load passes through an inspection hole of a current sensor CS1 and then is connected with a 2 nd anode of the bidirectional thyristor VT2, the other end of a gate resistor R4, the other end of the driving capacitor C1 and one end of the protection capacitor C2, and the other end of the protection capacitor C2 is connected with the other end of the protection resistor R5.
The single-phase short circuit and overload measurement and control circuit comprises a current sensor CS1, a rectifier bridge QL1, a conversion resistor R6, a filter resistor R7, a divider resistor R8 and a filter capacitor C3, wherein the 1 st output end I1 end of the current sensor CS1 is connected with the 1 st alternating current input end AC1 end of the rectifier bridge QL1, the 2 nd output end I2 end of the current sensor CS1 is connected with the 2 nd alternating current input end AC2 end of the rectifier bridge QL1, the positive output end + end of the rectifier bridge QL1 is connected with one end of the conversion resistor R6 and one end of the filter resistor R7, the other end of the filter resistor R7 is connected with one end of the filter capacitor C3, one end of the divider resistor R8 and the gate of the reverse resistance type thyristor VT1, and the negative output end-end of the rectifier bridge QL1 is connected with the other end of the conversion resistor R6, the other end of the filter capacitor C3, the other end of the divider resistor R8 and a negative driving end IN-end.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts a simple circuit scheme which mainly comprises a bidirectional Thyristor (TRIAC), a reverse-resistance thyristor, a small inductor, a current sensor and the like, and can completely meet the requirement of reliable real-time protection on short circuit or overcurrent faults in an alternating current solid-state relay circuit. The circuit is simple, low in cost, high in reliability, good in universality and easy to produce.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a single-phase ac solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection includes an optical isolation type single-phase ac TRIAC driving circuit, a single-phase short-circuit and overload measurement and control circuit.
The light-blocking type single-phase alternating current TRIAC driving circuit comprises an optocoupler IC1, a bidirectional thyristor VT2, a bias diode D1, a driving capacitor C1, a protective capacitor C2, a current-limiting resistor R1, a left driving resistor R2, a right driving resistor R3, a gate resistor R4, a protective resistor R5 and a Load, wherein a positive driving end IN + end is connected with one end of the current-limiting resistor R1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R1 is connected with an anode of the bias diode D1 and an anode of the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1, a cathode of the bias diode D1 is connected with an anode of a light-emitting side of the optocoupler IC1, a cathode of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with a cathode of the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1 and then connected with a negative driving end IN-end, one end of an output side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with one end of the left driving resistor R2, and the other end of the output side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with one end of the gate resistor R4 and a gate of the bidirectional thyristor VT 2; an end L of an alternating current power supply terminal is connected with one end of an inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a 1 st anode of a bidirectional thyristor VT2, one end of a right driving resistor R3 and one end of a protection resistor R5, the other end of the right driving resistor R3 is connected with the other end of a left driving resistor R2 and one end of a driving capacitor C1, an end N of a zero line end of the alternating current power supply is connected with one end of a Load, a connecting line of the other end of the Load passes through an inspection hole of a current sensor CS1 and then is connected with a 2 nd anode of the bidirectional thyristor VT2, the other end of a gate resistor R4, the other end of the driving capacitor C1 and one end of the protection capacitor C2, and the other end of the protection capacitor C2 is connected with the other end of the protection resistor R5.
The single-phase short circuit and overload measurement and control circuit comprises a current sensor CS1, a rectifier bridge QL1, a conversion resistor R6, a filter resistor R7, a divider resistor R8 and a filter capacitor C3, wherein the 1 st output end I1 end of the current sensor CS1 is connected with the 1 st alternating current input end AC1 end of the rectifier bridge QL1, the 2 nd output end I2 end of the current sensor CS1 is connected with the 2 nd alternating current input end AC2 end of the rectifier bridge QL1, the positive output end + end of the rectifier bridge QL1 is connected with one end of the conversion resistor R6 and one end of the filter resistor R7, the other end of the filter resistor R7 is connected with one end of the filter capacitor C3, one end of the divider resistor R8 and the gate of the reverse resistance type thyristor VT1, and the negative output end-end of the rectifier bridge QL1 is connected with the other end of the conversion resistor R6, the other end of the filter capacitor C3, the other end of the divider resistor R8 and a negative driving end IN-end.
All the devices used by the invention, including the optocoupler IC1, the current sensor CS1, the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1, the bidirectional thyristor VT2, the rectifier bridge QL1, the bias diode D1 and the like, adopt the existing mature products and can be obtained through the market. For example: the optocoupler IC1 adopts MOC3083, the current sensor CS1 adopts LD series current transformer, the reverse resistance type thyristor VT1 adopts KK1-2 fast thyristor, the bidirectional thyristor VT2 adopts BCR series, the rectifier bridge QL1 adopts RS series, and the bias diode D1 adopts IN4148 and the like.
The main circuit parameters in the invention are matched as follows:
setting: the current sensor CS1 has a current ratio k i ＝I 1 /I 2 ，I 1 、I 2 The measured current and the output current (unit: A), I of the current sensor CS1 are respectively 1m For allowing the measured current I 1 Maximum value of (unit: A), U gTH Is the trigger threshold voltage (unit: V) of the gate pole of the reverse-resistance type thyristor VT1, then:
R 7 ＞＞R 6 (1)
in the formula, R 6 、R 7 、R 8 The resistance values (unit: omega) of the conversion resistor R6, the filter resistor R7 and the divider resistor R8 are respectively.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
(1) The isolation drive control function on the alternating current load: the circuit has a photoelectric isolation function, and the light-emitting control side of the optocoupler IC1 is a voltage control circuit. The positive driving end IN + of the circuit is connected with the positive end of driving voltage, the negative driving end IN-is connected with the negative end of the driving voltage, and the resistance value of the current limiting resistor R1 is configured according to the rated current of the light emitting side of the optical coupler. IN general application, the positive drive end IN + can be connected with a power supply voltage end of a superior control circuit, the negative drive end IN-end is used as a switch control end of the superior control circuit, and the control end is IN optical coupling conduction when IN low level, so that the bidirectional thyristor is conducted to supply power to an alternating current load; when the control end is in high level, the optical coupler is turned off, so that the bidirectional thyristor is turned off, and the alternating current load is powered off.
(2) Single-phase short circuit and overload measurement and control protection function: the protection of the AC load, whether short-circuit or overload, is essentially to turn off the triac VT2 when the current exceeds the maximum value allowed, for which purpose the allowed current and its maximum value are set to I in the short-circuit or overload protection of the circuit of the invention 0m And is also the threshold for the protection action. And meanwhile, the inductor L1 is configured to prevent instantaneous sudden change of circuit current, so that the protection control circuit can timely perform effective protection operation. The current sensor CS1 is adopted to monitor the load current in real time, and once the load current reaches I 1m The circuit parameters of the formula (1) and the formula (2) are matched, and the circuit parameters of the rectifier bridge QL1, the conversion resistor R6, the filter resistor R7 and the filter resistor R are matched,Under the action of rectifying, filtering and voltage dividing circuits mainly comprising a voltage dividing resistor R8 and a filter capacitor C3, the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1 is switched on, so that the bidirectional thyristor VT2 is switched off, and the bidirectional thyristor VT2 is always switched off before power-off restart work is not carried out after the bidirectional thyristor VT2 is switched off, so that the protection control effect can be safely and reliably realized on short circuit or overload of an alternating-current load.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a single phase current solid state relay circuit with short-circuit protection, includes light-insulated formula single phase current TRIAC drive circuit, single-phase short circuit and overload measurement and control circuit, its characterized in that:
the light-blocking type single-phase alternating current TRIAC driving circuit comprises an optocoupler IC1, a bidirectional thyristor VT2, a bias diode D1, a driving capacitor C1, a protective capacitor C2, a current-limiting resistor R1, a left driving resistor R2, a right driving resistor R3, a gate resistor R4, a protective resistor R5 and a Load, wherein a positive driving end IN + end is connected with one end of the current-limiting resistor R1, the other end of the current-limiting resistor R1 is connected with an anode of the bias diode D1 and an anode of the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1, a cathode of the bias diode D1 is connected with an anode of a light-emitting side of the optocoupler IC1, a cathode of the light-emitting side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with the cathode of the reverse-resistance thyristor VT1 and then connected with a negative driving end IN-end, one end of an output side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with one end of the left driving resistor R2, and the other end of the output side of the optocoupler IC1 is connected with one end of the gate resistor R4 and a gate of the bidirectional thyristor VT 2; an L end of an alternating current power supply terminal is connected with one end of an inductor L1, the other end of the inductor L1 is connected with a 1 st anode of a bidirectional thyristor VT2, one end of a right driving resistor R3 and one end of a protection resistor R5, the other end of the right driving resistor R3 is connected with the other end of a left driving resistor R2 and one end of a driving capacitor C1, an N end of a zero line end of an alternating current power supply is connected with one end of a Load, a connecting line of the other end of the Load passes through an inspection hole of a current sensor CS1 and then is connected with a 2 nd anode of the bidirectional thyristor VT2, the other end of a gate resistor R4, the other end of the driving capacitor C1 and one end of the protection capacitor C2, and the other end of the protection capacitor C2 is connected with the other end of the protection resistor R5;
the single-phase short circuit and overload measurement and control circuit comprises a current sensor CS1, a rectifier bridge QL1, a conversion resistor R6, a filter resistor R7, a divider resistor R8 and a filter capacitor C3, wherein the 1 st output end I1 end of the current sensor CS1 is connected with the 1 st alternating current input end AC1 end of the rectifier bridge QL1, the 2 nd output end I2 end of the current sensor CS1 is connected with the 2 nd alternating current input end AC2 end of the rectifier bridge QL1, the positive output end + end of the rectifier bridge QL1 is connected with one end of the conversion resistor R6 and one end of the filter resistor R7, the other end of the filter resistor R7 is connected with one end of the filter capacitor C3, one end of the divider resistor R8 and the gate of the reverse resistance type thyristor VT1, and the negative output end-end of the rectifier bridge QL1 is connected with the other end of the conversion resistor R6, the other end of the filter capacitor C3, the other end of the divider resistor R8 and a negative IN-end.
2. A single phase ac solid state relay circuit with short circuit protection as claimed in claim 1 wherein the circuit parameters are matched as follows:
setting: the current sensor CS1 has a current ratio k i ＝I 1 /I 2 ，I 1 、I 2 Measured current and output current, I, of current sensor CS1, respectively 1m For allowing the measured current I 1 Maximum value of (1), U gTH The threshold voltage is triggered by the gate pole of the reverse-resistance type thyristor VT1, then:
R 7 ＞＞R 6 (1)
in the formula 6 、R 7 、R 8 The resistance values of the conversion resistor R6, the filter resistor R7 and the divider resistor R8 are respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811444629.XA CN109672435B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Single-phase alternating current solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811444629.XA CN109672435B (en) | 2018-11-29 | 2018-11-29 | Single-phase alternating current solid-state relay circuit with short-circuit protection |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109672435A CN109672435A (en) | 2019-04-23 |
| CN109672435B true CN109672435B (en) | 2022-11-15 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5457591A (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1995-10-10 | Loral Federal Systems Company | Current overload protection circuit |
| CN203775096U (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-08-13 | 杭州电子科技大学 | DC motor driving and protecting circuit |
| CN104052350A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-09-17 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Motor control and multifunctional protection circuit for vibration tests |
-
2018
- 2018-11-29 CN CN201811444629.XA patent/CN109672435B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5457591A (en) * | 1995-01-12 | 1995-10-10 | Loral Federal Systems Company | Current overload protection circuit |
| CN203775096U (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-08-13 | 杭州电子科技大学 | DC motor driving and protecting circuit |
| CN104052350A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-09-17 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Motor control and multifunctional protection circuit for vibration tests |
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| CN109672435A (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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