CN109670257B - A method and system for sound field simulation of a converter station - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于变电站噪声测试与声场仿真技术领域，特别涉及一种换流站声场仿真方法及系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of substation noise testing and sound field simulation, and in particular relates to a converter station sound field simulation method and system.
背景技术Background technique
特高压直流输电具有输送距离远、容量大以及电压等级高等特点，可实现电能的大范围传输。随着多项特高压直流输电工程陆续建成投运，其噪声问题也日益凸显。特高压换流站常见的噪声源主要有：换流变、联络变、母线高抗、线路高抗、交流滤波器、直流滤波器、平波电抗器、冷却塔和高空电晕噪声等，相比于交流站，呈现发声设备多，单个设备声功率大以及声环境更加复杂等特点，这使得特高压换流站的声场仿真技术成为特高压直流建设亟待解决的问题。UHV DC transmission has the characteristics of long transmission distance, large capacity and high voltage level, and can realize large-scale transmission of electric energy. As a number of UHV DC transmission projects have been completed and put into operation, the noise problem has become increasingly prominent. Common noise sources in UHV converter stations mainly include: converter transformer, connection transformer, busbar high impedance, line high impedance, AC filter, DC filter, smoothing reactor, cooling tower and high-altitude corona noise, etc. Compared with the AC station, there are many sound-generating devices, the sound power of a single device is large, and the acoustic environment is more complex. This makes the sound field simulation technology of the UHV converter station an urgent problem to be solved in UHV DC construction.
目前在仿真计算过程中，一般按照滤波器占地面积给出一个面声源，建模精度不高；在换流站厂界的部分区域或部分监测点处，噪声预测与实测值偏差可达5-10dB，误差较大。依托单传声器测量无法准确获取特高压换流站的噪声源强，在仿真中声源参数尚无有效方法确定，仿真科学性有待提高。At present, in the simulation calculation process, a surface sound source is generally given according to the filter area, and the modeling accuracy is not high; in some areas or some monitoring points of the converter station boundary, the deviation between the noise prediction and the measured value can reach 5-10dB, the error is large. The noise source intensity of the UHV converter station cannot be accurately obtained by relying on single-microphone measurement. There is no effective method to determine the sound source parameters in the simulation, and the scientific nature of the simulation needs to be improved.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种换流站声场仿真方法及系统，以解决特高压换流站声场仿真参数难以确定的问题。本发明可提高特高压换流站声场仿真的准确性，可应用于换流站的噪声超标责任划分和噪声治理方案验证等方面。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a converter station sound field simulation method and system to solve the problem that the sound field simulation parameters of UHV converter stations are difficult to determine. The invention can improve the accuracy of the sound field simulation of the UHV converter station, and can be applied to the division of responsibility for noise exceeding the standard of the converter station, verification of noise control schemes, and the like.
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
一种换流站声场仿真方法，包括以下步骤：A method for simulating a sound field of a converter station, comprising the following steps:
采集换流站待测发声设备预设时间内的噪声信号，根据所述噪声信号计算获取所述待测发声设备预定位置处的实测声压值；Collecting the noise signal of the sound-generating device to be tested in the converter station within a preset time, and calculating and obtaining the measured sound pressure value at a predetermined position of the sound-generating device to be tested according to the noise signal;
通过噪声预测软件对所述待测发声设备进行建模；Modeling the sound emitting device to be tested by noise prediction software;
根据获得的待测发声设备的模型，预设所述待测发声设备的声功率；According to the obtained model of the sound emitting device to be tested, preset the sound power of the sound generating device to be tested;
在噪声预测软件中仿真获得所述待测发声设备所述预定位置的仿真声压值；Obtaining the simulated sound pressure value of the predetermined position of the sound emitting device under test by simulating in the noise prediction software;
计算仿真声压值与实测声压值的差值；差值在预设范围内则认为所确定的预设值为真实值，差值不符合预设收敛条件，则调整所述待测发声设备的声功率；Calculate the difference between the simulated sound pressure value and the measured sound pressure value; if the difference is within the preset range, the determined preset value is considered to be the real value, and if the difference does not meet the preset convergence conditions, then adjust the sound emitting device to be tested sound power;
将获得的真实值赋予建立的模型开展声场仿真，计算声场云图。The obtained real value is given to the established model to carry out sound field simulation, and the sound field cloud map is calculated.
进一步的，换流站待测发声设备包括：换流变、联络变、线路高抗、母线高抗、滤波电容器塔、滤波电抗器、平波电抗器、线路电晕和金具电晕中的一种或者多种。Further, the sound-generating equipment to be tested in the converter station includes: one of converter transformer, connection transformer, line high reactance, busbar high reactance, filter capacitor tower, filter reactor, smoothing reactor, line corona and fitting corona. one or more species.
进一步的，声源定位提取方法包括近场声全息法或波束形成方法，具体包括：通过声源定位提取装置采集获取待测发声设备预设时间内的噪声信号，计算获取所述待测发声设备预定位置处的实测声压值和预设范围内的Z计权频谱。Further, the sound source localization extraction method includes a near-field acoustic holography method or a beamforming method, which specifically includes: collecting and obtaining the noise signal of the sound emitting device under test within a preset time through the sound source localization extraction device, and calculating and obtaining the sound emitting device under test The measured sound pressure value at the predetermined position and the Z-weighted spectrum within the preset range.
进一步的，预定位置处的实测声压值为到待测发声设备表面1米以内任一平面上的声压值，预设范围内的Z计权频谱为100Hz-3150Hz噪声信号。Further, the measured sound pressure value at the predetermined position is the sound pressure value on any plane within 1 meter from the surface of the sound emitting device to be tested, and the Z-weighted spectrum within the preset range is a 100Hz-3150Hz noise signal.
进一步的，在soundPLAN中，换流变、联络变、线路高抗、母线高抗、滤波电容器塔、滤波电抗器以及平波电抗器中的一种或多种均按照工业建筑建模；线路电晕按照有限长线声源建模；金具电晕按照点声源建模。Furthermore, in soundPLAN, one or more of converter transformer, contact transformer, line high reactance, busbar high reactance, filter capacitor tower, filter reactor and smoothing reactor are modeled according to industrial buildings; line power The halo is modeled as a finite long line sound source; the fitting corona is modeled as a point sound source.
进一步的，预设声功率的调整依据公式的表达式为：Lw＝Lp+10lgS；其中，Lw为设备声功率，单位dB，Lp为测量到的预定位置处声压值，单位dB，S为包络面面积，单位m2。Further, the adjustment of the preset sound power is based on the following formula: L w =L p +10lgS; where, L w is the sound power of the equipment, in dB, and L p is the measured sound pressure value at the predetermined position, in dB, S is the envelope area, the unit is m 2 .
进一步的，所述待测发声设备包括：滤波电抗器或平波电抗器；滤波电抗器或平波电抗器以工业建筑建模，将底面设置为悬浮面，侧面和底面声功率采用声源定位提取方法单独确定。Further, the sound-generating equipment to be tested includes: a filter reactor or a smoothing reactor; the filter reactor or the smoothing reactor is modeled on the basis of an industrial building, the bottom surface is set as a suspended surface, and the sound power of the side and bottom surfaces is localized by sound source The extraction method is determined individually.
进一步的，声场仿真误差在3dB以内。Further, the sound field simulation error is within 3dB.
进一步的，预设的收敛条件为，差值小于等于1dB(A)。Further, the preset convergence condition is that the difference is less than or equal to 1dB(A).
一种换流站声场仿真系统，包括：A converter station sound field simulation system, comprising:
声压值实测单元，用于采集换流站待测发声设备预设时间内的噪声信号，根据所述噪声信号计算获取所述待测发声设备预定位置处的实测声压值；The sound pressure value measurement unit is used to collect the noise signal of the sound emitting device to be tested in the converter station within a preset time, and calculate and obtain the measured sound pressure value at the predetermined position of the sound generating device to be tested according to the noise signal;
声压值建模仿真单元，用于通过噪声预测软件对所述待测发声设备进行建模，根据获得的待测发声设备的模型，预设所述待测发声设备的声功率，在噪声预测软件中仿真获得所述待测发声设备所述预定位置的仿真声压值；The sound pressure value modeling and simulation unit is used to model the sound emitting device to be tested through noise prediction software, and preset the sound power of the sound generating device to be tested according to the obtained model of the sound generating device to be tested. Simulation in the software obtains the simulated sound pressure value of the predetermined position of the sound emitting device under test;
比较反馈单元，用于计算仿真声压值与实测声压值的差值；差值在预设范围内则认为所确定的预设值为真实值，差值不符合预设收敛条件，则调整所述待测发声设备的声功率；将获得的真实值赋予建立的模型开展声场仿真并计算声场云图。The comparison feedback unit is used to calculate the difference between the simulated sound pressure value and the measured sound pressure value; if the difference is within the preset range, the determined preset value is considered to be the real value, and if the difference does not meet the preset convergence conditions, then adjust The sound power of the sound-generating device to be tested; assigning the obtained real value to the established model to carry out sound field simulation and calculate the sound field nephogram.
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明的仿真方法基于声源定位提取技术，通过实测的声压值计算设备的声功率，可解决换流站声源赋值不准确的问题；将仿真声压值与实测声压值比较，通过预设收敛条件调整声场仿真，可进一步调高声场仿真的准确性。本发明可应用于特高压换流站的噪声超标责任划分、噪声治理方案验证等方面，对工程实际有一定指导意义。The simulation method of the present invention is based on the sound source location extraction technology, and calculates the sound power of the equipment through the measured sound pressure value, which can solve the problem of inaccurate value assignment of the sound source of the converter station; compare the simulated sound pressure value with the measured sound pressure value, through Preset convergence conditions to adjust the sound field simulation, which can further increase the accuracy of the sound field simulation. The invention can be applied to aspects such as division of responsibility for noise exceeding the standard, verification of noise control schemes, and the like in UHV converter stations, and has certain guiding significance for engineering practice.
进一步的，相比于传统的单传声器测量，本发明直接测量到的是声源表面1米处声压值，而非远离设备的声传感器所在处的声压值，可使得仿真计算更加精确，声源赋值更加科学。Furthermore, compared with the traditional single-microphone measurement, the present invention directly measures the sound pressure value at 1 meter from the sound source surface, rather than the sound pressure value at the place where the sound sensor is far away from the equipment, which can make the simulation calculation more accurate, The sound source assignment is more scientific.
进一步的，目前在特高压直流变电站声场建模中并无统一办法，根据仿真精度的需要，一般将换流变压器定义为点声源/面声源，滤波器组整体定义为点源或者将滤波电容器定位为线声源，滤波电抗器整体定位为点源。这些建模方法都对实际情况做了较粗略的假设，无法满足高精度仿真的要求。本发明基于对声源的定位提取结果，根据发声设备的发声特性及其发声尺寸进行建模，可提高仿真精度，仿真结果能更加真实的反应特高压换流站声场分布。Furthermore, there is currently no unified method for sound field modeling in UHV DC substations. According to the need for simulation accuracy, the converter transformer is generally defined as a point sound source/surface sound source, and the filter bank as a whole is defined as a point source or filter The capacitor is positioned as a line sound source, and the filter reactor as a whole is positioned as a point source. These modeling methods have made rough assumptions about the actual situation, which cannot meet the requirements of high-precision simulation. Based on the location and extraction results of the sound source, the invention performs modeling according to the sounding characteristics and the sounding size of the sounding equipment, which can improve the simulation accuracy, and the simulation result can more realistically reflect the sound field distribution of the UHV converter station.
进一步的，本发明根据发声设备尺寸分别按照点声源、有限长线声源以及工业建筑在soundPLAN中建立模型，建模精度更高。Further, the present invention establishes models in soundPLAN according to the size of the sounding equipment according to the point sound source, the finite long-line sound source and the industrial building, and the modeling accuracy is higher.
进一步的，通过预设的收敛条件可根据需要调整声场仿真的精确性。Further, the accuracy of the sound field simulation can be adjusted as required through the preset convergence condition.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例的一种换流站声场仿真方法的流程示意框图。Fig. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for simulating a sound field of a converter station according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
请参阅图1，本发明的一种换流站声场仿真方法，具体为一种基于声源定位提取的特高压换流站声场仿真方法，主要包括噪声源定位提取，换流站主要发声设备建模以及设备声功率反推过程，具体包括以下步骤：Please refer to Fig. 1, a method for sound field simulation of a converter station according to the present invention, specifically a method for sound field simulation of an UHV converter station based on sound source location and extraction, mainly including noise source location and extraction, construction of main sound-generating equipment of the converter station The inversion process of the model and the sound power of the equipment includes the following steps:
步骤1：基于声源定位提取技术，测量发声设备表面1米处声压值及其Z计权100Hz-3150Hz噪声频谱。考虑到特高压换流站设备布置大都保持足够的距离，且根据点/线/面声源在空气中中的衰减特性，其他设备噪声传递至某一设备表面1米处时已经有较大衰减，因此可以忽略其他设备在该处的贡献，认为设备表面1米处声压仅仅由该设备噪声引起。Step 1: Based on the sound source location extraction technology, measure the sound pressure value at 1 meter from the surface of the sound emitting device and its Z-weighted 100Hz-3150Hz noise spectrum. Considering that most of the UHV converter station equipment is arranged at a sufficient distance, and according to the attenuation characteristics of point/line/surface sound sources in the air, the noise of other equipment has already been greatly attenuated when it is transmitted to a certain equipment surface 1 meter away , so the contribution of other equipment can be ignored here, and it is considered that the sound pressure at 1 meter from the surface of the equipment is only caused by the noise of the equipment.
噪声源定位提取依托近场声全息法或波束形成方法，设置待测面为设备表面1米处，通过多传声器数据处理，准确测量出该处的声压值及其频谱分布。具体的，常见的噪声源定位提取方法主要有近场声全息法和波束形成方法。其中近场声全息技术在紧靠被测声源表面的测量面上测量其复声压或质点振速，再利用空间声场变换重建出声源三维空间的声压场、振速场和声强矢量场并能预报远场的指向性。波束形成方法采用一组在空间固定位置上分布的传声器组成的阵列对空间声场进行测量，并将阵列上各个传声器的输出经过加权、延时、求和等处理，增强特定方向的有用信号，削弱其他方向上的干扰信号，形成空间指向性，并且可以得到详细的声源信息。现场应在设备发声稳定、测量现场风速小于5m/s、无雨雪的情况下进行测量，使用声源定位提取装置对准待测设备，采集一段时间内的噪声信号，通过多传声器信号分析，反推到设备表面1米处声压值及其100Hz-3150HzZ计权频谱。The location and extraction of noise sources rely on near-field acoustic holography or beamforming methods. Set the surface to be tested to be 1 meter from the surface of the equipment. Through multi-microphone data processing, the sound pressure value and its spectrum distribution at this location can be accurately measured. Specifically, common noise source localization and extraction methods mainly include near-field acoustic holography and beamforming methods. Among them, the near-field acoustic holography technology measures the complex sound pressure or particle velocity on the measuring surface close to the surface of the measured sound source, and then uses the spatial sound field transformation to reconstruct the sound pressure field, vibration velocity field and sound intensity in the three-dimensional space of the sound source. The vector field can also predict the directivity of the far field. The beamforming method uses an array composed of a group of microphones distributed in fixed spatial positions to measure the spatial sound field, and processes the output of each microphone on the array through weighting, delay, summation, etc., to enhance useful signals in specific directions and weaken them. Interference signals in other directions form spatial directivity, and detailed sound source information can be obtained. On-site measurements should be made when the sound of the equipment is stable, the wind speed at the measurement site is less than 5m/s, and there is no rain or snow. Use the sound source location extraction device to align the equipment under test, collect noise signals for a period of time, and analyze the signals through multi-microphones. Inversely deduce the sound pressure value and its 100Hz-3150HzZ-weighted spectrum at 1 meter from the surface of the equipment.
步骤2：根据特高压换流站发声设备尺寸分别按照点声源、有限长线声源、工业建筑分别在soundPLAN7.4中建立模型；工业建筑为多个独立有限大面声源构成。Step 2: Establish models in soundPLAN7.4 according to the size of the sound-generating equipment of the UHV converter station according to the point sound source, finite long-line sound source, and industrial building; the industrial building is composed of multiple independent finite large-area sound sources.
换流站主要发声设备建模，根据换流站设备的发声特性，将换流变、联络变、线路高抗、母线高抗、滤波电容器塔、滤波电抗器以及平波电抗器按照工业建筑建模，将线路电晕按照有限长线声源建模，将金具电晕按照点声源建模。具体的，换流变噪声主要有磁致伸缩引发的低频噪声及轴流风机噪声。考虑到换流站基建期一般都会为换流变安装隔声罩，建成后仅强制排风侧暴露在空气中向外辐射噪声，因此以工业建筑建模，但仅在暴露面赋值，轴流风机噪声可在暴露面上对应位置以点声源形式表示。联络变、高抗与交流站情况类似，以工业建筑表示。The main sounding equipment of the converter station is modeled. According to the sounding characteristics of the converter station equipment, the converter transformer, connection transformer, line high reactance, busbar high reactance, filter capacitor tower, filter reactor and smoothing reactor are built according to the industrial building construction. model, the line corona is modeled as a finite long line sound source, and the fitting corona is modeled as a point sound source. Specifically, the converter noise mainly includes low-frequency noise caused by magnetostriction and axial flow fan noise. Considering that the converter station usually installs a sound insulation cover for the converter during the infrastructure construction period. After the completion, only the exhaust side is forced to be exposed to the air to radiate noise. Therefore, the model is modeled as an industrial building, but only the value is assigned on the exposed surface. The axial flow The fan noise can be expressed as a point sound source at the corresponding position on the exposed surface. The connection substation, high resistance and exchange station are similar, represented by industrial buildings.
滤波电容器塔噪声频带宽，发声强烈，是特高压换流站的主要噪声源。对于单个电容器，底面噪声水平高于侧面，而电容器塔一般由单台电容器按照顶面相对方式堆砌而成，不同侧面的发声强度有较大差别，因此按照工业建筑建模，不同侧面的声功率采用声源定位提取技术单独确定。滤波电抗器和平波电抗器一般都采用干式空心电抗器，圆筒型设计，内设若干包封，噪声沿筒壁一圈均匀分布，底面噪声高于侧面。以工业建筑建模，将底面设置为悬浮面。侧面和底面声功率采用声源定位提取技术单独确定。电晕放电点存在一定的随机性，但是统计一段时间内的放电情况，对于全面起晕的导线，其噪声呈现均匀的有限长线声源特性。在仿真中声源长度、对地高度等参数按照实际起晕的导线设置，声功率值由噪声定位提取系统获取的表面1米处声压反推得到。金具的尺寸相对于全站来说可以按照单个点处理，因此金具电晕可以按照点声源处理，声功率采用声源定位提取技术进行确定。The noise of the filter capacitor tower has a wide frequency band and strong sound, which is the main noise source of the UHV converter station. For a single capacitor, the noise level on the bottom surface is higher than that on the side surface, and the capacitor tower is generally formed by stacking single capacitors according to the relative top surface, and the sound intensity of different sides is quite different. Therefore, according to the industrial building modeling, the sound power Separately determined using sound source localization extraction techniques. Filter reactors and flat wave reactors generally adopt dry-type air-core reactors, which are cylindrical in design and have several packages inside. The noise is evenly distributed along the wall of the cylinder, and the noise on the bottom surface is higher than that on the sides. Based on industrial building modeling, the bottom surface is set as a suspended surface. Side and floor sound powers are determined separately using sound source localization extraction techniques. There is a certain degree of randomness in the corona discharge point, but the statistics of the discharge situation within a period of time show that for a wire that is fully coronad, its noise presents a uniform finite long-line sound source characteristic. In the simulation, the parameters such as the length of the sound source and the height to the ground are set according to the actual stunned wire, and the sound power value is obtained from the sound pressure at 1 meter on the surface obtained by the noise location extraction system. Compared with the whole station, the size of the fittings can be processed as a single point, so the corona of the fittings can be processed as a point sound source, and the sound power is determined by the sound source location extraction technology.
步骤3：预设声功率。Step 3: Preset the sound power.
声功率反推对于点声源，可以采用数值计算的方法，按照Lw＝Lp+11计算，对于有限长线声源及其工业建筑的每一个面，预设一个声功率，通过调整声功率值，使表面1米处声压值与实测值相同，认为此时的声功率值即为设备的真实声功率，达到反推声功率的目的。由步骤1所测声压值及噪声频谱，对于点声源可根据声音在空气中的衰减公式计算声功率及其频谱，对于有限长线声源和工业建筑，可先根据测量到的100Hz-3150HzZ计权噪声频谱，预估一个频谱成分相同的声功率，带入步骤2所建模型进行仿真校验。For point sound sources, the numerical calculation method can be used to calculate the sound power according to L w = L p +11. For finite long-line sound sources and each surface of industrial buildings, a sound power is preset. By adjusting the sound power Value, so that the sound pressure value at 1 meter on the surface is the same as the measured value, and the sound power value at this time is considered to be the real sound power of the equipment, so as to achieve the purpose of inverting the sound power. From the sound pressure value and noise spectrum measured in step 1, for point sound sources, the sound power and its spectrum can be calculated according to the sound attenuation formula in the air; for finite long-line sound sources and industrial buildings, the measured 100Hz-3150HzZ can be used first Weight the noise spectrum, estimate a sound power with the same spectral components, and bring it into the model built in step 2 for simulation verification.
具体的，声压级与声功率级之间有如下关系：Specifically, the relationship between sound pressure level and sound power level is as follows:
Lw＝Lp+10lgSL w =L p +10lgS
其中Lw为设备声功率，单位dB，Lp为测量到的预定位置处声压值，单位dB，S代表包络声源的面积，单位m2。Among them, L w is the sound power of the equipment, in dB, L p is the measured sound pressure value at the predetermined position, in dB, S represents the area of the enveloped sound source, in m 2 .
该式可应用于点声源声功率计算，也可应用于有限长线声源和工业建筑的声功率预估及调整。This formula can be applied to the calculation of sound power of point sound sources, and can also be applied to the estimation and adjustment of sound power of finite long-line sound sources and industrial buildings.
(1)点声源声功率计算；当声源为金具电晕等点声源时，声源位于高空，可认为是自由场，即：(1) Calculation of the sound power of a point sound source; when the sound source is a point sound source such as a fitting corona, the sound source is located at a high altitude and can be considered as a free field, namely:
Lw＝Lp+20lgr+11L w =L p +20lgr+11
其中，r为声源到测点的距离，单位m。Among them, r is the distance from the sound source to the measuring point, in m.
由于声压值为声源表面1米处声压，点声源声压与声功率之间的关系可进一步简化为：Since the sound pressure value is the sound pressure at 1 meter from the surface of the sound source, the relationship between the sound pressure of a point sound source and the sound power can be further simplified as:
Lw＝Lp+11；L w =L p +11;
因此，金具电晕和导线电晕的声功率可表示为Lw＝Lp+11。Therefore, the sound power of the metal corona and the wire corona can be expressed as L w =L p +11.
(2)有限长线声源和工业建筑声功率初值设定：(2) Initial value setting of sound power of finite long-line sound source and industrial building:
Lw＝Lp+10lgSL w =L p +10lgS
其中Lw为设备声功率，单位dB，Lp为测量到的预定位置处声压值，单位dB，S代表包络声源的面积，单位m2。Among them, L w is the sound power of the equipment, in dB, L p is the measured sound pressure value at the predetermined position, in dB, S represents the area of the enveloped sound source, in m 2 .
表明声功率与声压值之间的差值不随频率变化，即预估声功率值时，要在实测声压值频谱成分的基础上，在不同频谱处应叠加相同的值，以保证噪声频谱的对应关系。It shows that the difference between the sound power and the sound pressure value does not change with frequency, that is, when estimating the sound power value, the same value should be superimposed at different frequency spectrums on the basis of the spectral components of the measured sound pressure value to ensure that the noise spectrum corresponding relationship.
步骤4：校验声功率；通过数值计算或者迭代的方法，控制设备表面1米处声压值及其频谱与实测值相同，据此确定特高压换流站单个设备声功率；将声功率带入上述模型仿真计算特高压换流站声场分布。Step 4: Check the sound power; through numerical calculation or iterative method, control the sound pressure value and its spectrum at 1 meter on the surface of the equipment to be the same as the measured value, and determine the sound power of a single device in the UHV converter station based on this; The above model is used to simulate and calculate the sound field distribution of the UHV converter station.
检验仿真中设备表面1米处声压与实测设备表面1米处声压值是否相符，若不满足收敛条件，则继续调整声源声功率，直到与实测值相同，此时设定的声功率即可认为是该设备准确的声功率。步骤4中，采用迭代计算的方式来确定声功率时，考虑到空气中声功率与声压值存在如下关系：Lw＝Lp+10lgS，可见声功率与声压值之间的差值不随频率变化，因此在步骤4调整声功率值时，应在实测声压值频谱成分的基础上，在不同频谱处叠加相同的值，实现声功率值的调整。具体的，由于声暴露面尺寸及表面1米处声压Lp都已经确定，声功率存在唯一解。通过对声功率各频谱增加相同的值实现增大或者减小声功率值，最终实现表面1米处声压预测值与实测值相吻合，确定有限长线声源或者工业建筑某一面上的声功率值。对每一处点声源、有限长线声源及工业建筑每一个面分别进行仿真校验，最终获得全部声源准确的声功率值及其频谱分布，最后将声功率带入步骤2所建模型仿真计算特高压换流站声场分布。Check whether the sound pressure at 1 meter on the surface of the equipment in the simulation is consistent with the sound pressure at 1 meter on the surface of the measured equipment. If the convergence condition is not met, continue to adjust the sound power of the sound source until it is the same as the measured value. The sound power set at this time can be considered as the accurate sound power of the device. In step 4, when using iterative calculation to determine the sound power, considering the following relationship between sound power and sound pressure in the air: L w = L p + 10lgS, it can be seen that the difference between sound power and sound pressure does not change with Therefore, when adjusting the sound power value in step 4, the same value should be superimposed on different frequency spectrums on the basis of the measured sound pressure value spectrum components to realize the adjustment of the sound power value. Specifically, since the size of the acoustically exposed surface and the sound pressure L p at 1 meter of the surface have been determined, there is a unique solution for the sound power. Increase or decrease the sound power value by adding the same value to each spectrum of the sound power, and finally realize that the predicted value of the sound pressure at 1 meter on the surface is consistent with the measured value, and determine the sound power of a finite long-line sound source or a certain surface of an industrial building value. Perform simulation verification for each point sound source, finite long-line sound source and each surface of the industrial building, and finally obtain the accurate sound power value and spectrum distribution of all sound sources, and finally bring the sound power into the model built in step 2 Simulation calculation of sound field distribution of UHV converter station.
步骤5，参照步骤3与步骤4，对每一处点声源、有限长线声源及工业建筑每一个面分别进行仿真校验，获得准确的噪声源声功率值及其频谱分布，最终使用该模型进行仿真计算。Step 5, referring to Step 3 and Step 4, conduct simulation verification for each point sound source, finite long-line sound source and each surface of an industrial building to obtain accurate noise source sound power value and its spectrum distribution, and finally use the model for simulation calculations.
本发明的一种换流站声场仿真系统，包括：声压值实测单元，用于获取待测发声设备预定位置处的实测声压值；声压值建模仿真单元，用于对换流站待测发声设备建模并仿真获取所述预定位置的仿真声压值；比较反馈单元，用于比较获取实测声压值与仿真声压值并反馈二者差值。通过本发明的仿真系统能够实现本发明的仿真方法。A converter station sound field simulation system of the present invention includes: a sound pressure value measurement unit, used to obtain the measured sound pressure value at a predetermined position of the sound generating device to be tested; a sound pressure value modeling and simulation unit, used for the converter station The sound emitting device to be tested is modeled and simulated to obtain a simulated sound pressure value at the predetermined position; a comparison feedback unit is used to compare and obtain the measured sound pressure value with the simulated sound pressure value and to feed back the difference between the two. The simulation method of the present invention can be realized by the simulation system of the present invention.
综上，目前开展换流站声场仿真计算时，交流区高空电晕噪声无法测量，不能给出精确的电晕噪声声源大小；在仿真过程中不考虑电晕噪声的影响；滤波器场内电容器、电抗器设备繁多，声源大小和频率有所不同，不能对单台设备进行声源测试；在仿真计算过程中，一般按照滤波器占地面积给出一个面声源，建模精度不高；在换流站厂界的部分区域或部分监测点处，噪声预测与实测值偏差可达5-10dB，误差较大。综合来看，依托单传声器测量无法准确获取特高压换流站的噪声源强，在仿真中声源参数尚无有效方法确定，仿真科学性有待提高。本发明在特高压换流站声场仿真中应用了噪声源定位提取技术，解决了声源赋值不准确的问题，提高了仿真精度，同时根据特高压换流站的主要设备类型，提出了对应的建模方法，为特高压换流声场仿真提供了全新的技术手段。本发明解决了特高压换流站仿真参数难以确定的问题，使用本方法可以将声场仿真误差控制在3dB以内，提高了声场仿真准确性和科学性，可应用于特高压换流站的噪声超标责任划分、噪声治理方案验证等方面，对工程实际有一定指导意义。In summary, when carrying out the sound field simulation calculation of the converter station, the high-altitude corona noise in the AC area cannot be measured, and the accurate source size of the corona noise cannot be given; the influence of the corona noise is not considered in the simulation process; There are many capacitors and reactors, and the size and frequency of the sound source are different. It is impossible to test the sound source of a single device; High; in some areas or some monitoring points at the boundary of the converter station, the noise prediction and the measured value can deviate by 5-10dB, and the error is relatively large. In general, the noise source intensity of the UHV converter station cannot be accurately obtained by relying on single-microphone measurement, and there is no effective method to determine the sound source parameters in the simulation, and the scientific nature of the simulation needs to be improved. The present invention applies the noise source location extraction technology in the UHV converter station sound field simulation, solves the problem of inaccurate sound source assignment, improves the simulation accuracy, and proposes corresponding The modeling method provides a new technical means for the UHV commutation sound field simulation. The invention solves the problem that it is difficult to determine the simulation parameters of the UHV converter station. The method can control the sound field simulation error within 3dB, improves the accuracy and scientificity of the sound field simulation, and can be applied to the noise exceeding the standard of the UHV converter station. Responsibility division, noise control scheme verification and other aspects have certain guiding significance for engineering practice.
尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，凡在本实发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Within the spirit and principles of the actual invention, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc., shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
本领域内的技术人员应明白，本申请的实施例可提供为方法、系统、或计算机程序产品。因此，本申请可采用完全硬件实施例、完全软件实施例、或结合软件和硬件方面的实施例的形式。而且，本申请可采用在一个或多个其中包含有计算机可用程序代码的计算机可用存储介质(包括但不限于磁盘存储器、CD-ROM、光学存储器等)上实施的计算机程序产品的形式。Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
本申请是参照根据本申请实施例的方法、设备(系统)、和计算机程序产品的流程图和/或方框图来描述的。应理解可由计算机程序指令实现流程图和/或方框图中的每一流程和/或方框、以及流程图和/或方框图中的流程和/或方框的结合。可提供这些计算机程序指令到通用计算机、专用计算机、嵌入式处理机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器以产生一个机器，使得通过计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备的处理器执行的指令产生用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的装置。The present application is described with reference to flowcharts and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a An apparatus for realizing the functions specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可存储在能引导计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备以特定方式工作的计算机可读存储器中，使得存储在该计算机可读存储器中的指令产生包括指令装置的制造品，该指令装置实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能。These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
这些计算机程序指令也可装载到计算机或其他可编程数据处理设备上，使得在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行一系列操作步骤以产生计算机实现的处理，从而在计算机或其他可编程设备上执行的指令提供用于实现在流程图一个流程或多个流程和/或方框图一个方框或多个方框中指定的功能的步骤。These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart or blocks of the flowchart and/or the block or blocks of the block diagrams.
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，这些未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，均在申请待批的本发明的权利要求保护范围之内。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art can still modify or equivalently replace the specific embodiments of the present invention. , any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention pending application.
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| CN110600044B (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2022-10-04 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method and system for identifying noise of main sound source in converter station |
| CN110567576B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2022-10-28 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method and device for determining the cause of excessive noise at the boundary of a substation |
| CN111261188B (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2022-10-18 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Method and device for determining noise frequency spectrum of high-voltage transformer |
| CN111985113B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2024-04-16 | 国网青海省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Transmission line noise prediction method and device |
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| CN113312759B (en) * | 2021-05-13 | 2025-03-25 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A method and system for calculating noise source strength of converter transformer group |
| CN113340614A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2021-09-03 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Wind noise index determination platform, wind noise simulation target determination method and device |
| CN114898726B (en) * | 2022-05-05 | 2025-07-04 | 广州市影擎电子科技有限公司 | Directional sound simulation processing method and system based on virtual technology |
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