CN109668785A - A kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture - Google Patents

A kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109668785A
CN109668785A CN201910076650.7A CN201910076650A CN109668785A CN 109668785 A CN109668785 A CN 109668785A CN 201910076650 A CN201910076650 A CN 201910076650A CN 109668785 A CN109668785 A CN 109668785A
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main body
upper grip
test
connecting shaft
wedge block
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CN201910076650.7A
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CN109668785B (en
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龙连春
梁言
王林刚
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Beijing University of Technology
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Beijing University of Technology
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/08Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • G01N3/04Chucks
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/0014Type of force applied
    • G01N2203/0016Tensile or compressive
    • G01N2203/0019Compressive
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/04Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils
    • G01N2203/0423Chucks, fixtures, jaws, holders or anvils using screws

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixtures, the present invention can carry out the compression buckling test under various environment for all kinds of thin plate test specimens of different-thickness, position by adjusting wedge block can easily realize the clamping of different-thickness thin plate test specimen, and part face is accommodated by wedge block and thin plate test specimen and carries out stepping up ensure that thin plate test specimen uniform force with face contact, since the special shape of wedge block can play locked effect well in test loading procedure, it should not occur to slip phenomena such as unloading power, a pair of of guide pillar structure is distributed in upper and lower collet two sides, for positioning and being oriented to, one linear bearing is equivalent to a revolute pair and limits four, space freedom degree, two linear bearings, which are used cooperatively, limits five freedom degrees of structure space position.The present invention is convenient and efficient, and applicability is wide, has good positioning and guiding role, and test efficiency can be improved, and reduces test error.

Description

A kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thin-slab structure test specimens to compress buckling test fixture, belongs to macro-mechanical property measuring technology neck Domain.
Technical background
Thin-slab structure is widely used in the engineering fields such as aerospace, Vehicle Engineering, civil construction, ship and chemical industry.? In practical implementation, due to the special outer dimension of thin-slab structure, most common failure mode under the action of external applied load Buckling failure for buckling unstability, and thin-slab structure has emergentness, and often specific strength failure is lost caused by failure more Greatly.The buckling failure of thin-slab structure is always the hot issue of construction applications research, improves the anti-buckling failure energy of thin-slab structure Power, mitigation construction weight, improvement structure design etc. have important economy and realistic meaning for evaluation of structural safety.
With the continuous development of science and technology, the use material of thin-slab structure is also towards development in pluralism, from original aluminium The advanced composite material that alloy material is widely used till now, the great variety that mechanical property also occurs, and for reality Border structure, due to manufacturing process, it is extraneous influence, the factors such as actual demand, often aperture or local heating on thin-slab structure It is especially extremely quick to the Effect on Mechanical Properties of this thin-wall construction Deng generation geometry or other certain defects, the presence of defect Sense.Therefore carrying out mechanical property test test to the thin-slab structure under various thin-slab structures or various environment is particularly important, Carrying out compression buckling test to thin-slab structure is to test most important a part in its mechanical property again.
The present invention is used primarily on the loading equipemtns such as mechanics universal testing machine or load vehicle as fixture and realizes compression buckling The clamping of thin-slab structure when test, thin-slab structure fixture common at present can be realized the purpose of clamping test specimen, but seem knot Structure is simple but uses and inconvenient.By taking parallel splint formula sheet clamp as an example, prepare from test to off-test overall process There is following disadvantage:
First, manually Adjustment Tests machine and upper and lower fixture are needed before test, and operator's range estimation is needed to carry out alignment jig Position makes the parallel centering of its upper and lower fixture, and the parallel error of centralization of this mode is larger, and chucking position directly affects the result of test And precision, or even test property can be changed, especially thin-wall construction test specimen influences significant;
Second, the mode of stubborn screw is generallyd use when clamping test specimen, is carried out fastening by several screws and is stepped up, this mode Both needed correctly to twist screw sequence and mode be also required to stubborn screw dynamics appropriate, could guarantee as far as possible aid part by Power is uniform, unbiased, and this mode for stepping up test specimen will lead to test specimen discontinuity in a word, and it is whole eccentric and curved test specimen occur Turn round, cause during the test test specimen collapse ahead of time, eventually lead to test with large error;
Third, it is possible that sliding, unloading the problems such as power in test loading procedure, influences to try under the aid of this fixture That tests goes on smoothly.
After the advantage and disadvantage of the existing thin-slab structure fixture of depth analysis, the present invention devises a kind of adjustable sheet structure pressure Contracting buckling test fixture, the design fixture can satisfy the clamping demand of different-thickness thin plate test specimen, it is vertical to can also be achieved thin plate It is accurately positioned, vertical orientation compression, loaded edge uniform force, the functions such as clamping fastening, the clamp structure is simple and reliable, processing It is at low cost, it is easy to install, it can effectively improve the efficiency and accuracy of thin-slab structure compression buckling test.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture, and its object is to carry out various thin plate knots Structure or various environment lower thin sheet structures carry out providing an adjustable thin plate clamping thickness when compression buckling mechanical property test test Degree, safe and reliable thin-slab structure test fixture, the fixture can cooperate with mechanics universal test testing machine or other loading equipemtns It uses, the compression buckling test under various environment can be carried out for all kinds of thin plate test specimens of different-thickness, by adjusting wedge shape The position of block can easily realize the clamping of different-thickness thin plate test specimen, and by wedge block and thin plate test specimen accommodate part face with Face contact carries out stepping up ensure that thin plate test specimen uniform force, since the special shape of wedge block can be in test loading procedure Locked effect well is played, the more presses the more tight, should not occur to slip phenomena such as unloading power, is secondly distributed in upper and lower collet two sides a pair of Guide pillar structure, for positioning and being oriented to, a linear bearing is equivalent to a revolute pair and limits four, space freedom degree, and two Linear bearing plays pole with the use of five freedom degrees of structure space position are limited while playing positioning action Good compression guiding role, make upper grip under external load function can only i.e. compression direction carries out moving load in one direction, Prevent it is eccentric, deflection show generation, improve the efficiency and accuracy of test.A kind of adjustable sheet structure of the invention Buckling test fixture is compressed, convenient and efficient, applicability is wide, and there is good positioning and guiding role, test efficiency can be improved, Reduce test error.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture, and the fixture is by upper folder Head assembly, lower chuck component and guide-localization component composition, the upper grip component and lower chuck component remove upper grip main body (8) Outside with lower clamper main body (2) and upper connecting shaft (6) and lower connecting shaft (1), it is made of identical other component, other component packet Include backing plate (10), wedge block (3) and hex bolts (5).
Guide-localization component is made of linear bearing (7) and guide rod (9);Distinguish the two sides of the upper grip main body (8) Equipped with round tube hole a, each round tube hole a cooperates with linear bearing (7), is additionally provided with two U-shaped through-hole b in upper grip main body (8), An and tapped blind hole c;Tapped blind hole c and upper connecting shaft (6) cooperate.
The two sides of the lower clamper main body (2) are respectively equipped with two tapped blind holes d, each tapped blind hole d and guide rod (9) Cooperate, is additionally provided with a two U-shaped through-hole b and tapped blind hole e on lower clamper main body (2);Tapped blind hole e and lower connecting shaft (1) cooperate.
Round tube hole f there are two setting on the wedge block (3), is arranged using symmetrical mode, and the circle on wedge block (3) is logical U-shaped through-hole b on hole f and upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2) is connected by bolt (5), make wedge block (3) with it is upper Clamper main body (8), wedge block (3) and lower clamper main body (2) are connected and fixed;Upper connecting shaft (6) and lower connecting shaft (1) both ends are included Screw thread is connect with upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2) and universal testing machine or weighted platform respectively;It is described to lead Screw thread is equipped with to bar (9) one end and the tapped blind hole d of lower clamper main body (2) is fixedly connected.
The upper connecting shaft (6) and lower connecting shaft (1) match with mechanics universal test compressing head or loading device.
The backing plate (10) matches with upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2), length and height and collet master Slot size is identical on body, and thickness is real according to upper groove width of specimen thickness, upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2) etc. Border situation is selected.
The guide rod (9) and linear bearing (7) match, the round tube hole on linear bearing (7) and upper grip main body (8) A matches, and guide rod (9) is connected with upper grip main body (8) by linear bearing (7).
Based on the above technical solution, which has following eight step:
First, lower clamper main body (2) is connected positioning by lower connecting shaft (1) with test platform;
Second, two guide rods (9) are connected through a screw thread respectively and are connect with lower clamper main body (2);
Thin plate test specimen (4) is put into lower clamper main body (2) slot, and is adjacent to the plane one of lower clamper main body (2) slot by third Side;
4th, backing plate (10) is put into lower clamper main body (2) slot, and be adjacent to thin plate test specimen (4);
5th, wedge block (3) is adjacent to backing plate (10) and is inserted into the remaining space of lower clamper main body (2) slot, is firmly pushed up It is seamless between backing plate (10) afterwards to be connect wedge block (3) with lower clamper main body (2) with hex bolts (5), and tighten nut;
6th, by upper grip main body (8) with after two linear bearing (7) cooperations, it is connected with two guide rod (9) insertions It connects;
7th, up and down adjustment upper grip main body (8) is inserted into thin plate test specimen (4) in the slot of upper grip main body (8), adjusts It is whole to after suitable position by the four, the 5th steps by thin plate test specimen (4) upper end with lower end be clamped;
8th, upper grip main body (8) and loading device are attached by lower connecting shaft (1).
Subsequent experimental test is carried out by the clamping that thin-slab structure test specimen can be realized in above several steps, with existing fixture phase Than, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the invention can be achieved thin plate and clamp uniform force up and down.Plane-plane contact is realized using close to cushion block and wedge block Aid mode ensure that thin plate specimen holder is forced through applying close to cushion block for face contact, be adjacent to cushion block and be carried out by wedge block Stress is clamped, during test, wedge block the more is pressed the more tight, and then is transmitted the force to and be adjacent to cushion block, makes thin plate specimen holder more Step up solid.
2, vertical direction accurate positioning in thin plate compression process can be achieved in the invention.Using linear guide poles and it is vertically connected with axis The realization of two structures is vertically directed effect, is vertically connected with axis first and guarantees the center of clamper main body and universal testing machine pressure up and down Power column realizes coaxial positioning, secondly by linear bearing and guide rod, plays the guiding role during upper and lower collet pushes, limit Five freedom degrees in overall structure space have been made, have kept upper grip main body mobile towards compression direction, will not have been occurred eccentric, inclined Tiltedly, bending.
3, the invention can be achieved different-thickness thin plate test specimen and compress clamping, and inventive structure is simple, easy to operate, easy processing at This is low, can effectively improve test efficiency and accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of assembling schematic diagram of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of main view of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a kind of left view of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of top view of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a kind of entirety sectional view of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the upper grip main body schematic diagram of present clip.
Fig. 7 is the lower clamper main body schematic diagram of present clip.
Fig. 8 is the wedge block schematic diagram of present clip.
In figure: 1, lower connecting shaft 2, lower clamper main body 3, wedge block 4, thin plate test specimen 5, hex bolts 6, upper connecting shaft 7, straight Spool holds 8, upper grip main body 9, guide rod 10, backing plate 11, round tube hole a12, U-shaped through-hole b13, tapped blind hole c14, tapped blind hole D15, tapped blind hole e16, round tube hole f
Specific embodiment
1, installation requirement is processed
A) in order to which the fixture for making the invention preferably plays excellent properties, including the realization of thin plate test specimen steps up uniform force And realize positioning and vertically-guided, it is proposed that the upper and lower best processing method of clamper main body is integrally formed by Milling Process, so Afterwards again cutting entire jig main body a is two, guarantees the consistency of jig main body up and down, same cushion block and wedge block are also built View takes such processing method.
B) in order to guarantee that during compression test, clamper main body can be with vertical depression up and down, the unstabilitys feelings such as be not distorted Condition, the invention fixture ensure that a) the middle consistency for guaranteeing jig main body up and down simultaneously, will also guarantee upper fixture in processing The concentricity of the linear bearing installation through-hole of main body and lower jig main body guide rod installation tapped blind hole, and guarantee collet up and down The verticality of main body guide rod mounting hole and linear bearing mounting hole and clamper main body, should ensure that during installation guide rods it Between be parallel to each other.
C) in order to preferably play the invention high-accuracy adjustable thin plate compression clamp function, install the fixture it Before, it needs to carry out coaxial accuracy calibration to the pressure collet and pressure platform of pressurized equipment, guarantees fixture collet master up and down Connecting shaft on body is in coaxial state.
2, fixture installation and experimental procedure
1) test test specimen is numbered, is crossed, the test specimen before the experiment such as dimensional measurement prepares.
2) loading equipemtn has been debugged, has guaranteed concentricity up and down, preparing experiment.
3) lower clamper main body is connected positioning by lower connecting shaft with test platform.
4) two guide rods are connected through a screw thread respectively and are connect with lower clamper main body.
5) thin plate test specimen is put into lower clamper main body slot, and is adjacent to the plane side of lower clamper main body slot.
6) backing plate is put into lower clamper main body slot, and is adjacent to thin plate test specimen.
7) wedge block backing plate is adjacent to be inserted into the remaining space of lower clamper main body slot, it is firmly seamless between top and backing plate Wedge block is connect with hex bolts with lower clamper main body afterwards, and tightens nut.
8) upper grip main body is connected it with two guide rod insertions with after two linear bearing cooperations.
9) up and down adjustment upper grip main body is inserted into thin plate test specimen in the slot of upper grip main body, is adjusted to suitable position Afterwards by the 6th, 7 steps by thin plate test specimen upper end with lower end be clamped;
10) upper grip main body and loading device are attached by lower connecting shaft.
11) fixture and test specimen install, and open loading equipemtn and are tested.
It is above-mentioned that only several specific embodiments in the present invention are illustrated, but can not be as protection model of the invention Enclose, it is all according to the present invention in the equivalent change or modification made of design spirit or equal proportion zoom in or out, should all Think to fall into protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture, it is characterised in that: the fixture is by upper grip component, lower collet Component and guide-localization component composition, the upper grip component and lower chuck component remove upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2) and upper connecting shaft (6) and lower connecting shaft (1) outside, be made of identical other component, other component include backing plate (10), Wedge block (3) and hex bolts (5);
Guide-localization component is made of linear bearing (7) and guide rod (9);The two sides of the upper grip main body (8) are respectively equipped with Round tube hole a, each round tube hole a cooperate with linear bearing (7), are additionally provided with two U-shaped through-hole b in upper grip main body (8), and One tapped blind hole c;Tapped blind hole c and upper connecting shaft (6) cooperate;
The two sides of the lower clamper main body (2) are respectively equipped with two tapped blind hole d, and each tapped blind hole d matches with guide rod (9) It closes, is additionally provided with a two U-shaped through-hole b and tapped blind hole e on lower clamper main body (2);Tapped blind hole e and lower connecting shaft (1) Cooperation;
Round tube hole f there are two setting on the wedge block (3), is arranged, the round tube hole f on wedge block (3) using symmetrical mode It is connected with the U-shaped through-hole b in upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2) by bolt (5), makes wedge block (3) and upper grip Main body (8), wedge block (3) and lower clamper main body (2) are connected and fixed;Upper connecting shaft (6) and lower connecting shaft (1) both ends carry spiral shell Line is connect with upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2) and universal testing machine or weighted platform respectively;The guiding Bar (9) one end is equipped with screw thread and the tapped blind hole d of lower clamper main body (2) is fixedly connected.
2. a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: on described Connecting shaft (6) and lower connecting shaft (1) match with mechanics universal test compressing head or loading device.
3. a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the pad Plate (10) matches with upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2), length and height and slot size phase on clamper main body Together, thickness is selected according to actual conditions such as the upper groove widths of specimen thickness, upper grip main body (8) and lower clamper main body (2).
4. a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described to lead Match to bar (9) and linear bearing (7), the round tube hole a on linear bearing (7) and upper grip main body (8) matches, guide rod (9) it is connected with upper grip main body (8) by linear bearing (7).
5. a kind of adjustable sheet structure compresses buckling test fixture according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the thin plate Structural test piece fixture installation process has following eight step:
First, lower clamper main body (2) is connected positioning by lower connecting shaft (1) with test platform;
Second, two guide rods (9) are connected through a screw thread respectively and are connect with lower clamper main body (2);
Thin plate test specimen (4) is put into lower clamper main body (2) slot, and is adjacent to the plane side of lower clamper main body (2) slot by third;
4th, backing plate (10) is put into lower clamper main body (2) slot, and be adjacent to thin plate test specimen (4);
5th, wedge block (3) is adjacent to backing plate (10) and is inserted into the remaining space of lower clamper main body (2) slot, firmly top and pad It is seamless between plate (10) afterwards to be connect wedge block (3) with lower clamper main body (2) with hex bolts (5), and tighten nut;
6th, by upper grip main body (8) with after two linear bearing (7) cooperations, it is connected with two guide rod (9) insertions;
7th, up and down adjustment upper grip main body (8) is inserted into thin plate test specimen (4) in the slot of upper grip main body (8), is adjusted to After suitable position by the four, the 5th steps by thin plate test specimen (4) upper end with lower end be clamped;
8th, upper grip main body (8) and loading device are attached by lower connecting shaft (1).
CN201910076650.7A 2019-01-26 2019-01-26 Adjustable clamp for sheet structure compression buckling test Active CN109668785B (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110220774A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-09-10 大连理工大学 The test fixture of arbitrary point load in a kind of achievable face
CN110879179A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-03-13 鞍钢股份有限公司 High-temperature compression device and test method for plate-shaped test sample
CN110954404A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-03 哈尔滨工业大学 Buckling-restrained device and method suitable for plate-shaped test piece compression test
CN111257106A (en) * 2020-02-10 2020-06-09 南京航空航天大学 High-speed impact test fixture for composite material laminate
CN114636615A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-06-17 太原理工大学 Clamp for local buckling test of thin-wall hose under compressive load
CN114965025A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-30 哈尔滨工业大学 Test fixture for nondestructive compression test of double-layer hollow thin plate

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CN203422279U (en) * 2013-07-25 2014-02-05 重庆市中检建筑工程质量检测有限公司 Reinforcement bar tension tester
CN104535416A (en) * 2014-12-22 2015-04-22 北京工业大学 Local temperature-rise sheet buckling test fixture and experimental method
CN105179691A (en) * 2015-09-24 2015-12-23 哈尔滨工业大学 Clamping and sealing clamp for end of pipe
CN105241751A (en) * 2015-09-28 2016-01-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Assembly clamper for sandwich structure board lateral compression test
CN205483798U (en) * 2016-01-18 2016-08-17 清华大学 One -way compression anchor clamps of square sheet metal and one -way compressor arrangement of square sheet metal

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN203422279U (en) * 2013-07-25 2014-02-05 重庆市中检建筑工程质量检测有限公司 Reinforcement bar tension tester
CN104535416A (en) * 2014-12-22 2015-04-22 北京工业大学 Local temperature-rise sheet buckling test fixture and experimental method
CN105179691A (en) * 2015-09-24 2015-12-23 哈尔滨工业大学 Clamping and sealing clamp for end of pipe
CN105241751A (en) * 2015-09-28 2016-01-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Assembly clamper for sandwich structure board lateral compression test
CN205483798U (en) * 2016-01-18 2016-08-17 清华大学 One -way compression anchor clamps of square sheet metal and one -way compressor arrangement of square sheet metal

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110220774A (en) * 2019-07-22 2019-09-10 大连理工大学 The test fixture of arbitrary point load in a kind of achievable face
CN110220774B (en) * 2019-07-22 2023-12-29 大连理工大学 Test fixture capable of realizing loading at any point in plane
CN110879179A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-03-13 鞍钢股份有限公司 High-temperature compression device and test method for plate-shaped test sample
CN110954404A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-04-03 哈尔滨工业大学 Buckling-restrained device and method suitable for plate-shaped test piece compression test
CN110954404B (en) * 2019-12-26 2021-06-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Buckling-restrained device and method suitable for plate-shaped test piece compression test
CN111257106A (en) * 2020-02-10 2020-06-09 南京航空航天大学 High-speed impact test fixture for composite material laminate
CN111257106B (en) * 2020-02-10 2021-04-06 南京航空航天大学 High-speed impact test fixture for composite material laminate
CN114965025A (en) * 2022-05-13 2022-08-30 哈尔滨工业大学 Test fixture for nondestructive compression test of double-layer hollow thin plate
CN114636615A (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-06-17 太原理工大学 Clamp for local buckling test of thin-wall hose under compressive load
CN114636615B (en) * 2022-05-18 2022-09-06 太原理工大学 Clamp for local buckling test of thin-wall hose under compression load

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