CN109667739A - A kind of RF assistance discharge-type is efficiently cold-started hollow cathode - Google Patents
A kind of RF assistance discharge-type is efficiently cold-started hollow cathode Download PDFInfo
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- CN109667739A CN109667739A CN201811503151.3A CN201811503151A CN109667739A CN 109667739 A CN109667739 A CN 109667739A CN 201811503151 A CN201811503151 A CN 201811503151A CN 109667739 A CN109667739 A CN 109667739A
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- cathode
- hollow cathode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0006—Details applicable to different types of plasma thrusters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H—PRODUCING A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03H1/00—Using plasma to produce a reactive propulsive thrust
- F03H1/0081—Electromagnetic plasma thrusters
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of RF assistance discharge-types to be efficiently cold-started hollow cathode, by increasing RF assistance discharge assembly in tradition cold start-up hollow cathode prime, be computed RF energy 95% or more is may be coupled in discharge gas, conventional hollow cathode plasma region of discharge can be extended, improve the utilization rate of Working medium gas, and then under the conditions of emitter identical with conventional hollow cathode, the burden of emitter can be reduced under identical emission current, effectively extend the service life of hollow cathode emitter, requirement of the preliminary-stage to priming supply is also reduced simultaneously；Pole and all anti-ion bombardment sputterings of cathode topping material are held in touching, and failure material resistant to high temperature effectively increases hollow cathode resistant sputtering ability, improve the hollow cathode service life simultaneously because the introducing of RF preionization process, effectively reduces hollow cathode operating voltage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to space electric propulsion technologies and ground electrovacuum device field, and in particular to a kind of RF assistance electric discharge
Type is efficiently cold-started hollow cathode.
Background technique
Hollow cathode is the electron source of the ion being widely used at present and Hall space electric propulsion system, is MPD, PIT etc.
New spatial electric propulsion originally or neutralize electron source, hollow cathode as electron source and easily be lost parts directly affect electricity
The efficiency of propulsion system and service life.With the development of large-scale long-life satellite platform and manned spaceflight technology, to the longevity of electric propulsion
Life, efficiency and power requirement are continuously improved, and hollow cathode is as the portion's key component for influencing electric propulsion service life and efficiency.
Conventional hollow cathode is passed through Working medium gas in cathode tube upstream first, is emitting under the effect of cathode top orifice restriction
Enough gas pressures, while the heating naked silk fixed using energization armouring heater or ceramics are generated in body region space, to hair
Coaxial cathode tube outside beam is heated, and heat is transmitted to after emitter material reaches electron emission temperature, is being touched
Hold between pole and cathode top apply high-voltage pulse gas breakdown is discharged, it is to be discharged expand to transmitting body region generate electric discharge etc. from
When daughter, emitter heating mechanism is transitioned into ion bombardment, closes heater power supply at this time, realizes hollow cathode regular picture.It passes
System hollow cathode heater belongs to easily loss component, the evaporating loss in heating process and alternating hot and cold micro-crack when repeatedly starting
The main reason for spreading fracture is its failure；Another aspect conventional hollow cathode gas working medium is to realize heating in transmitting body region
Thus the abrasion that pole is held in touching and anode ionization accelerates hollow cathode structural member has been raised in ionization；Furthermore traditional cathode top with
The welded cracking risk of cathode tube is also the key for threatening its application reliability.
Summary of the invention
It, can be in view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of RF assistance discharge-types to be efficiently cold-started hollow cathode
It improves the utilization rate of Working medium gas and improves the service life of hollow cathode.
A kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode, the hollow cathode of ring structure successively include that pole is held in touching from outside to inside
(1), heat shield assembly (5), cathode tube (3), emitter (4) and auxiliary discharge component；Auxiliary discharge component includes ceramic material
The support tube (6) of material and the radio-frequency coil (7) for being coaxially wound on support tube (6) outer wall；Support tube (6) is coaxially connected in cathode tube
(3) front end；
For emitting rf frequency electromagnetic wave, the Working medium gas that will go into hollow cathode carries out the radio-frequency coil (7)
Excitation and ionization.
Preferably, support tube (6) is connect with cathode tube (3) by clip mode.
Preferably, one end that support tube (6) is connect with cathode tube (3) is closing-in structure, it extend into cathode tube (3), it is preceding
End withstands on emitter (4) front end.
Preferably, cathode tube (3) rear end setting cathode top (2), emitter (4) end is fixed on the inside of cathode top (2).
Preferably, cathode tube (3) and cathode top (2) are integral structures.
Preferably, radio-frequency coil (7) transmitting wave frequency is 2.0MHz.
Preferably, the material selection graphite of pole (1), cathode tube (3) and cathode top (2) is held in the touching.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
Hollow cathode of the invention combines cold start-up hollow cathode without the heater service life of the pre-heated hollow cathode of tradition
Limitation, for LaB6 emitter hollow cathode heater be threaten the hollow cathode service life one of critical failure mode；By
Tradition cold start-up hollow cathode prime increases RF assistance discharge assembly, is computed 95% of RF energy or more and may be coupled to
In discharge gas, conventional hollow cathode plasma region of discharge can be extended, improve the utilization rate of Working medium gas, so with
Under the conditions of the identical emitter of conventional hollow cathode, the burden of emitter can be reduced under identical emission current, is effectively extended
The service life of hollow cathode emitter, while also reducing requirement of the preliminary-stage to priming supply；Pole and cathode top material are held in touching
Expect all anti-ion bombardment sputterings, failure material resistant to high temperature, simultaneously because the introducing of RF preionization process, is effectively reduced
Hollow cathode operating voltage, effectively increases hollow cathode resistant sputtering ability, improves the hollow cathode service life；Cathode top and yin
The integral structure of pole pipe is also reduced since conventional weld cracking causes the risk of cathode degradation.To sum up, the hollow yin of the present invention
Great efficient feature high, the service life is long.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of hollow cathode of the invention；
Wherein, pole is held in 1- touching；2- cathode top；3- cathode tube；4- emitter；5- heat shield assembly；6- support tube；7- radio frequency
Coil.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of RF assistance discharge-type of the invention is efficiently cold-started hollow cathode, it is ring structure, from
Outer successively includes that pole 1, heat shield assembly 5, cathode tube 3, emitter 4 and auxiliary discharge component are held in touching in；Auxiliary discharge group
Part includes the support tube 6 of ceramic material and the radio-frequency coil 7 for being wound on 6 outer wall of support tube；Support tube 6 is coaxially solid by clip mode
It is connected in the front end of cathode tube 3, and guarantees the air-tightness of the two.
The working principle of hollow cathode of the invention are as follows:
Touching the function of holding pole 1 and emitter 4, the function in conventional hollow cathode is identical with the two, in the present invention, cathode tube 3
Transmitting body function is heated without heat transfer；Radio-frequency coil 7 emits rf frequency (being 2.0MHz in the present embodiment) electromagnetic wave, will
The Working medium gas entered in support tube 6 is excited and is ionized, and since Working medium gas is constantly injected into hollow cathode, is penetrated
Working medium gas after frequency electromagnetic waves ionization enters in 3 cavity of cathode tube and the emitter of 3 inner wall of ion bombardment cathode tube setting
4, play the role of heating to 4 material of emitter, starts launching electronics, electronics after 4 temperature of emitter increases to a certain extent
Line is launched from the aperture on the cathode top 2 that 6 rear end of cathode tube is arranged；Rf frequency electromagnetic wave is to Working medium gas simultaneously
Excitation and ionisation effect, effectively increase the intracorporal working medium utilization efficiency of hollow cathode chamber, and then improve hollow cathode entirety
Working efficiency.
In the present invention, cathode tube 3 and cathode top 2 are integral structures, have effectively evaded traditional welding connection structure due to opening
Weld cracking cathode top 2 caused by alternating hot and cold caused by shutting down falls off or the risk of junction gas leakage；Material selection resistant sputtering
Stronger graphite；It is provided with aperture in the middle part of cathode top 2, for so that certain pressure is kept in 3 cavity of cathode tube, so that emitter
4 stable dischargings.
One end that support tube 6 is connect with cathode tube 3 is closing-in structure, is extend into cathode tube 3, front end withstands on emitter 4
Front end；4 end of emitter is fixed on the inside on cathode top 2, therefore support tube 6 and cathode top 2 complete the fixation of emitter 4.
Heat shield assembly 5 is held between pole 1 and cathode tube 3 in touching, first is that playing the role of keeping the temperature cathode tube 3, second is that rising
The effect insulated between pole 1 and the electrode of cathode tube 3 is held to touching.
Here graphite cathode pipe 3 and ceramic support pipe 3, since the thermal expansion coefficient of graphite and ceramic material is all extremely low,
Part will not be caused to rupture because of thermal expansion coefficient difference occurs, be fixed using clip mode, can guarantee that structure is reliable,
But guarantee air-tightness.
A kind of RF assistance discharge-type of the invention is efficiently cold-started hollow cathode, according to calculate RF energy 95% with
On may be coupled to cold start-up hollow cathode prime, effectively increase the intracorporal gas discharge efficiency of hollow cathode chamber and utilization
Rate reduces emitter electron emission demand, effectively increases cold start-up hollow cathode emitter life；Pole is held using graphite touching
Material resistant sputtering ability on the one hand is improved with the cold start-up hollow cathode on graphite cathode top, on the other hand there is no tradition preheatings
Limitation of the formula hollow cathode heater service life to hollow cathode, makes the hollow cathode of the design that the more long-life may be implemented.The present invention
RF assistance type be efficiently cold-started hollow cathode and have the characteristics that high-efficient, service life long.
In conclusion the above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, being not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode, the hollow cathode of ring structure successively include from outside to inside touching hold pole (1),
Heat shield assembly (5), cathode tube (3) and emitter (4), which is characterized in that further include auxiliary discharge component；Auxiliary discharge group
Part includes the support tube (6) of ceramic material and the radio-frequency coil (7) for being coaxially wound on support tube (6) outer wall；Support tube (6) is coaxially solid
It is connected in the front end of cathode tube (3)；
For emitting rf frequency electromagnetic wave, the Working medium gas that will go into hollow cathode is excited the radio-frequency coil (7)
And ionization.
2. a kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that support tube (6) and cathode
Pipe (3) is connected by clip mode.
3. a kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that support tube (6) and cathode
The one end for managing (3) connection is closing-in structure, is extend into cathode tube (3), front end withstands on emitter (4) front end.
4. a kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that cathode tube (3) rear end is set
It sets cathode top (2), emitter (4) end is fixed on the inside of cathode top (2).
5. a kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that cathode tube (3) and cathode
Pushing up (2) is integral structure.
6. a kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that radio-frequency coil (7) transmitting
Wave frequency is 2.0MHz.
7. a kind of RF assistance discharge-type hollow cathode as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that pole (1), yin are held in the touching
The material selection graphite of pole pipe (3) and cathode top (2).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811503151.3A CN109667739A (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | A kind of RF assistance discharge-type is efficiently cold-started hollow cathode |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201811503151.3A CN109667739A (en) | 2018-12-10 | 2018-12-10 | A kind of RF assistance discharge-type is efficiently cold-started hollow cathode |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111120234A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Graphite high-temperature cathode device for electric thruster |
| CN111287922A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dual-frequency dual-antenna small wave ionized ion propulsion device |
| CN111765059A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-13 | 电子科技大学 | Cold start hollow cathode |
| CN111927725A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hollow cathode emitter structure |
| CN112689345A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-20 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Hollow cathode induction type heater and hollow cathode structure |
| CN112761917A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-ring Hall thruster magnetic circuit thermal protection device |
| CN114992074A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-09-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Magnetic field auxiliary radio frequency pre-ionization type induction pulse plasma thruster |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111120234A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-05-08 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Graphite high-temperature cathode device for electric thruster |
| CN111120234B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-02-23 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | Graphite high-temperature cathode device for electric thruster |
| CN111287922A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Dual-frequency dual-antenna small wave ionized ion propulsion device |
| CN111765059A (en) * | 2020-07-09 | 2020-10-13 | 电子科技大学 | Cold start hollow cathode |
| CN111927725A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-11-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hollow cathode emitter structure |
| CN111927725B (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2021-07-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Hollow cathode emitter structure |
| CN112689345A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-04-20 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Hollow cathode induction type heater and hollow cathode structure |
| CN112689345B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2022-09-13 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Hollow cathode induction type heater and hollow cathode structure |
| CN112761917A (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2021-05-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Multi-ring Hall thruster magnetic circuit thermal protection device |
| CN114992074A (en) * | 2022-05-06 | 2022-09-02 | 北京航空航天大学 | Magnetic field auxiliary radio frequency pre-ionization type induction pulse plasma thruster |
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