CN109666046A - A kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109666046A
CN109666046A CN201710974353.5A CN201710974353A CN109666046A CN 109666046 A CN109666046 A CN 109666046A CN 201710974353 A CN201710974353 A CN 201710974353A CN 109666046 A CN109666046 A CN 109666046A
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China
Prior art keywords
oxalic acid
preparation
lithium phosphate
acid lithium
phosphorus
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CN201710974353.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王坤
赵庆云
刘大凡
安峰
袁莉
张丽红
张冬青
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Tianjin Jinniu Power Sources Material Co ltd
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Tianjin Jinniu Power Sources Material Co ltd
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Priority to CN201710974353.5A priority Critical patent/CN109666046A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic System
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/547Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
    • C07F9/6564Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms
    • C07F9/6571Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom having phosphorus atoms, with or without nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, selenium or tellurium atoms, as ring hetero atoms having phosphorus and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07F9/6574Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
    • C07F9/65742Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus non-condensed with carbocyclic rings or heterocyclic rings or ring systems

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, this method specifically comprises the following steps: phosphorus simple substance and the phosphorus pentafluoride of fluorine gas reaction generation by reacting in the reaction kettle of surge tank importing lithium oxalate and organic solvent formation suspension, gas flow rate is controlled in 1~5L/min, it is preferred that 2L/min, the pressure, temperature variation of moment attentive response kettle in reaction process, control temperature, which is maintained between 10 DEG C~40 DEG C, in the process carries out, it is preferred that 30 DEG C, pressure maintains 0~0.5MPa, it is preferred that 0.1MPa, the molar ratio of phosphorus pentafluoride and lithium oxalate obtained is 2.2~2: 1, it is preferred that 2.05: 1, reaction is sufficiently stirred 1~3 hour, it is preferred that 2 hours, after filtering, by the way that crystallization mode is concentrated, through filtering, required product is obtained after drying.The problem of the purpose of the present invention is being directed to prior art and insufficient, the preparation method of improvement tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, so that the preparation cost of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate is reduced, raising product quality.

Description

A kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium ion battery material manufacturing technology fields, more particularly to a kind of to be used for lithium-ion electric The preparation method of pond addition agent of non-aqueous electrolyte tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate.
Background technique
Tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate is added mainly as the battery with nonaqueous electrolyte of lithium ion battery, lithium-ion capacitor etc. Agent uses.This kind of additive can form more stable SEI membrane structure on cell positive material surface, effectively improve battery Cycle performance and high-temperature behavior.The preparation method for this kind of additive being currently known is mainly the following.
US20100267984, which is mentioned, is mixed in lithium hexafluoro phosphate and lithium oxalate in pressure vessel, and be heated to 150 DEG C~ 180 DEG C of reactions, then by obtained product, are dissolved in acetonitrile, filtering, decompression removal solvent, the product being recrystallized to give, Tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate product is obtained after being further dried.But not only reaction step is more for this method, consumption of calorie is big, but also not Economy, and it is insufficient using this method reaction progress, and yield is lower.
EP1308449A2 is using lithium hexafluoro phosphate to be dissolved in organic solvent, in SiCl4As existing for reaction promoter Under the conditions of react, obtain the solvent containing the product, then by way of vacuum distillation, remove organic solvent, to obtain Required product.But using the product of this method preparation, lithium phosphate is closed containing difluoro bis- (oxalates) simultaneously, product purity is lower, And is also contained by product prepared by this method and dysgenic chlorine compound is caused to battery behavior, be not suitable for industry metaplasia It produces.
CN105218348A obtains phosphorus pentafluoride using phosphorus pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride reaction, with the grass being dissolved in hydrogen fluoride Sour lithium reaction, the mixture of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate and lithium hexafluoro phosphate is obtained after evaporative crystallization, rapid draing, is then passed through Means re-crystallization obtains tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate.But the chloride ion that certain content is had using the product of this method preparation, is caused Product quality decline, and then adverse effect is caused to battery performance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the problem of the purpose of the present invention is being directed to prior art and insufficient, improvement tetrafluoro oxalic acid phosphorus The preparation method of sour lithium improves product quality to reduce the preparation cost of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, this method are to react using cheap industrial phosphorus with fluorine gas, Then phosphorus pentafluoride needed for reaction is made passes through concentration crystallization side to react with the lithium oxalate being suspended in organic solvent Formula obtains required product.
Its method particularly includes: take a certain amount of lithium oxalate to be placed in the 316L stainless steel Fluorine-lined reaction of jacketed and filter device It in kettle, and is sufficiently stirred 1~2 hour, to be stirred for, forms uniform suspension, then another with collet and stirring dress A certain amount of phosphorus simple substance is added in the 316L stainless steel Fluorine-lined reaction kettle set and fluorine gas is reacted, and by phosphorus pentafluoride obtained Import lithium oxalate and organic solvent by surge tank and formed in the reaction kettle of suspension and reacted, gas flow rate control 1~ 5L/min, the pressure, temperature variation of moment attentive response kettle in reaction process control temperature in the process and are maintained at 10 DEG C It being carried out between~40 DEG C, pressure maintains 0~0.5MPa, and the molar ratio of phosphorus pentafluoride and lithium oxalate obtained is 2.2~2: 1, Reaction is sufficiently stirred 1~3 hour, after filtering, by be concentrated crystallization mode, filtered, dry after obtain required product.
It is reacted involved in it and includes:
P+F2→PF5
PF5+Li2C2O4→LiC2O4PF4+LiPF6
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, the industrial phosphorus includes white phosphorus, red One or more of phosphorus, black phosphorus.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, to guarantee that reaction is normally carried out, phosphorus and grass The molar ratio of sour lithium is 2.2~2: 1, and product quality generated accounts for the 10%~30% of solution gross mass.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, the organic solvent can be completely dissolved Generated product and hexafluorophosphoric acid in preparation process, and the organic solvent includes any one in esters, ethers or nitrile Kind.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, the filter type after reaction uses filters pressing Mode, preferably filter pressure are 2-3 atmospheric pressure.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, when concentration using vacuum distillation mode into Row concentration, institute this during temperature be maintained between 60 DEG C~80 DEG C and carry out, pressure maintains -0.1MPa, is concentrated into substance Long-pending 60~80%.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, the crystallization solvent include methylene chloride, The phenyl ring class such as the saturated alkanes class solvent such as chloroform, tetrachloromethane, dichloroethanes or toluene, dimethylbenzene, chlorobenzene is organic molten Agent.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, the inert gas includes nitrogen, argon One of gas, helium are a variety of.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, after the completion of concentration, the addition matter of crystallization agent Amount is 1~10 times, preferably 5 times of gained gross mass after concentration.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, the major impurity in products obtained therefrom is six Lithium fluophosphate passes through the dissolubility difference of lithium hexafluoro phosphate and tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate in organic solvent, concentrated crystallization side Formula obtains pure tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate product.The mass ratio of gained gross mass is 2 after the addition quality and concentration of crystallization agent ~10: 1.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, used organic solvent is high-purity to have Solvent is simultaneously passed through except water process, and water content is less than 10ppm.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, the obtained organic solvent of evaporative crystallization Recycling use can directly be carried out.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, after the completion of crystallization, contain lithium hexafluoro phosphate Organic solvent can by heat condensation method be recycled, after evaporation gained lithium hexafluoro phosphate can be matched according to recipe requirements Electrolyte processed.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, resulting tetrafluoro oxalic acid after crystallization is concentrated Lithium phosphate product will be dried by rapid draing mode, method particularly includes: it is 1 hour dry under vacuum condition, then heat up It is 2~4 hours dry under vacuum condition to 60-80 DEG C.
Preferably, in a kind of above-mentioned preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, tetrafluoro oxalic acid obtained by crystallization is through further It is dried to obtain required product, specific drying means are as follows: filtering gained tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate solid is placed in material and is returned for 316L Turn in kettle, 80 DEG C~100 DEG C are warming up under vacuum condition, product is dried, terminates after 4~24 hours dry.
It can be seen via above technical scheme that compared with prior art, the present disclosure provides a kind of tetrafluoro oxalic acid phosphorus The preparation method of sour lithium, for the phosphorus pentafluoride generated using phosphorus pentachloride and hydrogen fluoride reaction, the present invention passes through benefit With the elemental phosphorous phosphorus pentafluoride for reacting generation with fluorine gas, not only the reaction time is short, products obtained therefrom purity is high, and can effectively mention High reaction efficiency shortens the reaction time;In addition tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, this method preparation side are prepared using cheap raw material Method is simple, overcomes the disadvantage that the existing reaction consumption of other methods is big, final products impurity is excessive, can substantially save into This, and improve product quality.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this The embodiment of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 attached drawing is the preparation flow schematic diagram of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the invention discloses a kind of preparation methods of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, not only can substantially save cost, And it can be improved product quality.
Below will by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to following the description, Want point range without departing from it, when implementation can arbitrarily change.
Embodiment one
At room temperature, 101.9g lithium oxalate, 800g DMC is added in 2 in the reaction vessel with collet, and stirs It mixes 1 hour, lithium oxalate and DMC is made to form uniform suspension.65.17g red phosphorus is added in advance in reaction kettle 1, then slowly It is passed through fluorine gas 200g, is passed through low-temperature cooling media in collet, to control temperature, is then led to the phosphorus pentafluoride generated during this Enter in reaction vessel 2, it is 2L/Min that gas, which exports rate control, and the moment pays attention to temperature change during being somebody's turn to do, and controls temperature 30 After DEG C hereinafter, gas is passed through, continue stirring 4 hours.After filtering, after concentrated crystallization, crystallization, product 174.43g is obtained, Wherein theoretical yield is 202g, and product yield reaches 86.35%.The product purity of products obtained therefrom is 99.96%, and water content is 4.8ppm, acid content 28ppm.
Table one
Embodiment two
At room temperature, 110.2g lithium oxalate, 850g DMC is added in 2 in the reaction vessel with collet, and stirs It mixes 1 hour, lithium oxalate and DMC is made to form uniform suspension.It is passed through 72g red phosphorus in advance in reaction kettle 1, is then slowly introducing Fluorine gas 200g is passed through low-temperature cooling media in collet, to control temperature, is then passed through the phosphorus pentafluoride generated during this instead Should hold in kettle 2, it is 2L/Min that gas, which exports rate control, should during the moment pay attention to temperature change, control temperature 30 DEG C with Under, after gas is passed through, continue stirring 4 hours.After filtering, after concentrated crystallization, crystallization, product 175.23g is obtained, wherein Theoretical yield is 210g, and product yield reaches 86.74%.The product purity of products obtained therefrom be 99.8%, water content 6.8ppm, Acid content is 23ppm.
Table two
Embodiment three
At room temperature, 105g lithium oxalate, 820g DMC is added in 2 in the reaction vessel with collet, and stirs 1 Hour, so that lithium oxalate and DMC is formed uniform suspension.68g white phosphorus is added in advance in reaction kettle 1, is then slowly introducing fluorine Gas 200g is passed through low-temperature cooling media in collet, to control temperature, the phosphorus pentafluoride generated during this is then passed through reaction In container 2, it is 2L/Min that gas, which exports rate control, should during the moment pay attention to temperature change, control temperature at 30 DEG C hereinafter, After gas is passed through, continue stirring 4 hours.After filtering, after concentrated crystallization, crystallization, product 174.52g is obtained, wherein managing It is 205g by yield, product yield reaches 86.4%.The product purity of products obtained therefrom is 99.90%, and water content 5.2ppm contains Acid amount is 20ppm.
Table three
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment For, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is said referring to method part It is bright.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one The widest scope of cause.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate, which is characterized in that this method comprises:
1. reacting using cheap industrial phosphorus with fluorine gas, phosphorus pentafluoride required for reacting is made;
2. phosphorus pentafluoride is reacted with the lithium oxalate being suspended in organic solvent, needed for being obtained by concentration crystallization, means re-crystallization Product;
Specifically comprise the following steps: that the phosphorus pentafluoride for generating phosphorus simple substance and fluorine gas reaction imports lithium oxalate by surge tank and has It is reacted in the reaction kettle of solvent formation suspension, gas flow rate control moment in 1~5L/min, reaction process pays attention to The pressure, temperature variation of reaction kettle, control temperature, which is maintained between 10 DEG C~40 DEG C, in the process carries out, and pressure maintains 0 ~0.5MPa, the molar ratio of phosphorus pentafluoride and lithium oxalate obtained are 2.2~2: 1, reaction are sufficiently stirred 1~3 hour, filter Afterwards, by be concentrated crystallization mode, filtered, dry after obtain required product.
2. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the industrial phosphorus Including one or more of white phosphorus, red phosphorus, black phosphorus.
3. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic solvent It can be completely dissolved generated product and hexafluorophosphoric acid in preparation process, and the organic solvent includes esters, ethers or nitrile Any one in class.
4. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crystallization solvent Including the saturated alkanes class solvent such as methylene chloride, chloroform, tetrachloromethane, dichloroethanes or toluene, dimethylbenzene, chlorobenzene etc. Phenyl ring class organic solvent.
5. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the inert gas Including one of nitrogen, argon gas, helium or a variety of.
6. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the present invention is using true Empty distillation mode is concentrated, institute this during temperature be maintained between 60 DEG C~80 DEG C and carry out, pressure maintains- 0.1MPa is concentrated into the 60~80% of original volume.
7. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate according to claim 6, which is characterized in that after the completion of concentration, The addition quality of crystallization agent is 1~10 times, preferably 5 times of gained gross mass after concentration.
8. a kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate according to claim 1, which is characterized in that gained four after crystallization Fluorine oxalic acid lithium phosphate product is placed in the rotory cauldron that material is 316L stainless steel, 80-100 DEG C is warming up under vacuum condition, drying Terminate after 4-24 hours.
CN201710974353.5A 2017-10-17 2017-10-17 A kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid lithium phosphate Pending CN109666046A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111606952A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-09-01 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 Preparation method of lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate, nonaqueous electrolyte and battery
CN112442086A (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-05 杉杉新材料(衢州)有限公司 Novel preparation method of phosphorus-containing lithium salt

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1317445A (en) * 2001-06-11 2001-10-17 山东省肥城市化肥厂 Process for preparing lithium hexafluorophosphate in large scale by non-water solvent method
CN101417791A (en) * 2008-11-17 2009-04-29 袁翔云 Technique for preparing phosphorus pentafluoride
US20100062346A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-03-11 Board Of Governors For Higher Education, State Of Rhode Island And Providence Novel electrolyte for lithium ion batteries
CN105218348A (en) * 2015-09-10 2016-01-06 天津金牛电源材料有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid Trilithium phosphate
CN206476750U (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-09-08 东营石大胜华新能源有限公司 One kind production lithium hexafluoro phosphate insulation reaction kettle

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1317445A (en) * 2001-06-11 2001-10-17 山东省肥城市化肥厂 Process for preparing lithium hexafluorophosphate in large scale by non-water solvent method
US20100062346A1 (en) * 2007-03-08 2010-03-11 Board Of Governors For Higher Education, State Of Rhode Island And Providence Novel electrolyte for lithium ion batteries
CN101417791A (en) * 2008-11-17 2009-04-29 袁翔云 Technique for preparing phosphorus pentafluoride
CN105218348A (en) * 2015-09-10 2016-01-06 天津金牛电源材料有限责任公司 A kind of preparation method of tetrafluoro oxalic acid Trilithium phosphate
CN206476750U (en) * 2017-01-12 2017-09-08 东营石大胜华新能源有限公司 One kind production lithium hexafluoro phosphate insulation reaction kettle

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112442086A (en) * 2019-09-03 2021-03-05 杉杉新材料(衢州)有限公司 Novel preparation method of phosphorus-containing lithium salt
CN111606952A (en) * 2020-05-14 2020-09-01 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 Preparation method of lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate, nonaqueous electrolyte and battery
CN111606952B (en) * 2020-05-14 2022-04-29 东莞东阳光科研发有限公司 Preparation method of lithium tetrafluorooxalate phosphate, nonaqueous electrolyte and battery

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Application publication date: 20190423