CN109664046B - (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air to permeate N - Google Patents
(Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air to permeate N Download PDFInfo
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- CN109664046B CN109664046B CN201810755580.3A CN201810755580A CN109664046B CN 109664046 B CN109664046 B CN 109664046B CN 201810755580 A CN201810755580 A CN 201810755580A CN 109664046 B CN109664046 B CN 109664046B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
- B23K35/0255—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
- B23K35/0261—Rods, electrodes, wires
- B23K35/0266—Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
- B23K35/406—Filled tubular wire or rods
Abstract
The invention discloses a (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire by utilizing air N permeation, which takes a low-carbon steel belt as a sheath, and comprises the following flux-cored components in percentage by mass: 36-55% of micro-carbon ferrochrome, 10-25% of a mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder, 10-20% of rutile, 2-6% of marble, 3-8% of lithium fluoride, 1-3% of micro-carbon ferromanganese, 1-3% of potassium fluosilicate, 0.5-1% of sodium alginate and the balance of iron powder, wherein the weight ratio of the micro-carbon ferrochrome to the aluminum powder is 3: 2 is less than or equal to ferrotitanium: aluminum powder is less than or equal to 4: 1. the flux-cored powder accounts for 25-30% of the total weight of the welding wire. The self-protection flux-cored wire provided by the invention does not need additional protective gas, keeps a certain nitrogen partial pressure in the welding atmosphere, partially permeates N into deposited metal by taking N in the air as a raw material, reacts with Ti and Al to generate a (Ti, Al) N strengthening phase, increases the strength and the wear resistance of the wire, and simultaneously greatly reduces the cost of the wire.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of welding in material processing engineering, and particularly relates to a (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire for N permeation by air.
Background
For a long time, chromium carbide (Cr)7C3，Cr23C6，Cr3C-type carbides) to strengthen the flux-cored wire and improve the hardness of deposited metal, is a popular choice for welding material researchers. In recent years, it has been found that nitrides have higher hardness and stability than carbides, with the potential to provide better wear resistance. In patent document 2(CN1562552A, a nitrogen-alloyed hard-face alloy flux-cored wire material), patent document 3(CN101829861A, a high crack-resistant and wear-resistant submerged arc surfacing flux-cored wire), and patent document 4(CN102019520A, a wire for repairing a wear portion of a wear-resistant part, and a manufacturing method thereof), chromium nitride is directly added to the flux core to improve wear resistance. However, nitrides such as chromium nitride are expensive, increasing the cost of manufacturing the wire.
Considering that N is dissolved into molten drops and a molten pool during electric arc welding, a flux-cored wire without external gas protection (self-protection) is firstly developed, N in air is utilized to permeate into liquid metal to react with Al and Ti added into the liquid metal to form (Ti, Al) N composite nitride, and meanwhile, proper flux-cored components are supplemented, so that the (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire which avoids expensive nitride from being directly added is obtained, and the air is utilized to permeate N, and the cost of the self-protection flux-cored wire is greatly saved.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air N permeation and a preparation method thereof.
The technical content is as follows: in order to realize the technical purpose, the invention provides a (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire by utilizing air N permeation, which takes a low-carbon steel belt as a sheath, and the flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 36-55% of micro-carbon ferrochrome, 10-25% of a mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder, 10-20% of rutile, 2-6% of marble, 3-8% of lithium fluoride, 1-3% of micro-carbon ferromanganese, 1-3% of potassium fluosilicate, 0.5-1% of sodium alginate and the balance of iron powder, wherein the ratio of the micro-carbon ferrochrome to the mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium to the mechanical mixture of aluminum powder is not less than 3: 2: the aluminum powder is less than or equal to 4: 1. The flux-cored powder accounts for 25-30% of the total weight of the welding wire.
Preferably, the carbon content of the micro-carbon ferrochrome is 0.1 wt%, the chromium content is 63-75 wt%, and the balance is iron; the carbon content of the micro-carbon ferromanganese is 0.04 wt%, the manganese content is 80-85 wt%, and the balance is iron; the titanium content of the ferrotitanium is 28-32 wt%, and the balance is iron.
Preferably, the low-carbon steel strip H08A comprises the following components: 0.1%, Mn: 0.3-0.55%, Si: 0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.03%, P: less than or equal to 0.03 percent.
Preferably, the grain sizes of the micro-carbon ferrochrome, chromium powder, micro-carbon ferromanganese, rutile, marble, lithium fluoride, chromium iron nitride, potassium fluosilicate, sodium alginate, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder and iron powder in the flux core are all larger than or equal to 100 meshes.
Preferably, the low carbon steel strip has a thickness x width of 0.6 x 14mm or 0.5 x 12 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the welding wire is any one of 1.6mm and 2.0 mm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the Cr12N steel self-shielded flux-cored wire is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape by using a forming roller, and then adding flux-cored powder into the U-shaped groove by a powder feeding device according to 25-30% of the total weight of the welding wire;
(2) closing the U-shaped groove, wrapping the medicine core in the U-shaped groove, drawing and reducing the diameter of the medicine core one by one through a wire drawing die, and finally enabling the diameter of the medicine core to reach 1.6 or 2.0mm to obtain a final product.
The main functions of the components in the medicine core are as follows:
mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder: reacts with N which permeates into the high-temperature liquid metal from the air to generate a (Ti, Al) N strengthening phase. On the one hand, when the addition amount of the mechanical mixture of titanium iron and aluminum powder is less than 10%, N pores are generated and the hardness and wear resistance are reduced, and when the addition amount of the mechanical mixture of titanium iron and aluminum powder is more than 25%, bead formation is deteriorated. On the other hand, when the ratio of the ferrotitanium to the aluminum powder is less than 3: 2, the slag removal performance of the welding bead is poor; when the ratio of titanium iron to aluminum powder is more than 4: 1, the content of aluminum is too small to form a (Ti, Al) N strengthening phase.
Micro-carbon ferrochrome: transition Cr element, strengthening deposited metal, and C can prevent Ti and Al from being largely oxidized at high temperature of molten drop.
Micro-carbon ferromanganese: form manganese steam, deoxidize to enhance self-protection effect, and is beneficial to preventing Ti and Al from being oxidized. And C can prevent Ti and Al from being largely oxidized at a high temperature of the molten drop.
Rutile, marble, lithium fluoride, potassium fluosilicate and sodium alginate: the mixture of rutile, marble, lithium fluoride, potassium fluosilicate and sodium alginate forms the main component of the slag, and the infiltration concentration of N in the air is regulated and controlled, so that a proper amount of N is ensured to infiltrate into the high-temperature liquid metal. Rutile, which forms a slag. Marble, gas making, and slag formation. Lithium fluoride forms slag to improve slag coverage, Li has an arc stabilizing effect, and F can effectively reduce the content of deposited metal H. On one hand, the potassium fluosilicate F reduces the H content in the deposited metal, and on the other hand, the K has the arc stabilizing effect. And slag is formed, and the density of the slag is improved. Sodium alginate to form a slag; and (6) arc stabilization.
Iron powder: transition Fe into the deposited metal.
The technical scheme and the effect brief description of each component in the flux core show that the (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing the air to permeate N provided by the invention has the advantages that no protective gas is required to be added, a certain nitrogen partial pressure exists in the welding atmosphere, N in the air is used as a raw material, part of N is permeated into deposited metal and reacts with Al and Ti added in the N to form (Ti, Al) N composite nitride, meanwhile, the proper flux-cored component is supplemented, so that the (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire avoiding the direct addition of expensive nitride is obtained, and the cost of the welding wire is greatly saved.
Has the advantages that: (1) the (Ti, Al) N strengthening phase is generated by using the N metallurgical reaction of air infiltration, so that the strength and the wear resistance of the welding wire are greatly improved; (2) the extra direct addition of expensive nitrides such as chromium nitride, titanium nitride, aluminum nitride and the like is avoided, and the cost of the welding wire is greatly reduced; (3) no nitrogen hole, good slag detachability and beautiful weld bead formation.
Detailed Description
The invention will be better understood from the following examples. However, the specific core ingredient distribution ratios, process conditions and results thereof described in the examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and should not, nor should they, limit the invention as detailed in the claims. Wherein, the carbon content of the micro-carbon ferrochrome used in the following examples is 0.1 wt%, the chromium content is 63-75 wt%, and the rest is iron; the carbon content of the micro-carbon ferromanganese is 0.04 wt%, the manganese content is 80-85 wt%, and the balance is iron; the titanium content of the ferrotitanium is 28-32 wt%, and the balance is iron.
Example 1
A (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air N penetration comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: the steel band-type low-carbon steel wire comprises a low-carbon steel band and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel band, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip. The steel strip H08A comprises the following components: 0.1%, Mn: 0.3-0.55%, Si: 0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.03%, P: less than or equal to 0.03 percent. The medicine core components are prepared according to the following mass: 36g of micro-carbon ferrochrome, 25g of a mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder, 15g of rutile, 6g of marble, 8g of lithium fluoride, 1g of micro-carbon ferromanganese, 1g of potassium fluosilicate, 1g of sodium alginate and 7g of iron powder. Wherein, the ratio of ferrotitanium to aluminum powder is 3: 2. All powders were sieved through 100 mesh. The obtained powders were put into a powder mixer, mixed for 30 minutes, and then the mixed powder was put into a U-shaped 12X 0.5mm H08A carbon steel belt groove with a filling rate of 25%. And closing the U-shaped groove to wrap the medicinal powder therein. Then, the mixture is respectively passed through wire-drawing dies with diameters of 4.2mm, 3.8mm, 3.5mm, 3.2mm, 2.8mm, 2.55mm, 2.4mm, 2.2mm and 2mm, and is drawn and reduced one by one, and finally a product with a diameter of 2mm is obtained. The welding current is 280-340A, the welding voltage is 25-35V, the welding speed is 0.35m/min, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 150-250 ℃, and 3 layers are subjected to surfacing. The sensitivity, slag detachability, hardness and wear resistance of the weld overlay deposited metal pores are shown in Table 1.
Example 2
A (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air N penetration comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: the steel band-type low-carbon steel wire comprises a low-carbon steel band and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel band, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip. The steel strip H08A comprises the following components: 0.1%, Mn: 0.3-0.55%, Si: 0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.03%, P: less than or equal to 0.03 percent. The medicine core components are prepared according to the following mass: 55g of micro-carbon ferrochrome, 10g of a mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder, 10g of rutile, 2g of marble, 3g of lithium fluoride, 3g of micro-carbon ferromanganese, 3g of potassium fluosilicate, 1g of sodium alginate and 13g of iron powder. Wherein, the ratio of ferrotitanium to aluminum powder is 4: 1. All powders were sieved through 100 mesh. The obtained powders were put into a powder mixer, mixed for 30 minutes, and then the mixed powder was put into a U-shaped 14X 0.6mm H08A carbon steel belt groove with a filling rate of 30%. And closing the U-shaped groove to wrap the medicinal powder therein. Then, the mixture is respectively passed through wire-drawing dies with diameters of 4.2mm, 3.8mm, 3.5mm, 3.2mm, 2.8mm, 2.55mm, 2.4mm, 2.2mm, 2mm, 1.8mm and 1.6mm, and is drawn and reduced one by one, and finally a product with a diameter of 1.6mm is obtained. The welding current is 280-340A, the welding voltage is 25-35V, the welding speed is 0.35m/min, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 150-250 ℃, and 3 layers are subjected to surfacing. The sensitivity, slag detachability, hardness and wear resistance of the weld overlay deposited metal pores are shown in Table 1.
Example 3
A (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air N penetration comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: the steel band-type low-carbon steel wire comprises a low-carbon steel band and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel band, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip. The steel strip H08A comprises the following components: 0.1%, Mn: 0.3-0.55%, Si: 0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.03%, P: less than or equal to 0.03 percent. The medicine core components are prepared according to the following mass: 40g of micro-carbon ferrochrome, 15g of a mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder, 20g of rutile, 4g of marble, 5g of lithium fluoride, 2g of micro-carbon ferromanganese, 2g of potassium fluosilicate, 0.5g of sodium alginate and 11.5g of iron powder. Wherein, the ratio of ferrotitanium to aluminum powder is 2: 1. All powders were sieved through 100 mesh. The powders were put into a powder mixer and mixed for 30 minutes, and then the mixed powder was put into a U-shaped 14X 0.6mm H08A carbon steel belt groove with a filling rate of 28%. And closing the U-shaped groove to wrap the medicinal powder therein. Then, the mixture is respectively passed through wire-drawing dies with diameters of 4.2mm, 3.8mm, 3.5mm, 3.2mm, 2.8mm, 2.55mm, 2.4mm, 2.2mm, 2mm, 1.8mm and 1.6mm, and is drawn and reduced one by one, and finally a product with a diameter of 1.6mm is obtained. The welding current is 280-340A, the welding voltage is 25-35V, the welding speed is 0.35m/min, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 150-250 ℃, and 3 layers are subjected to surfacing. The sensitivity, slag detachability, hardness and wear resistance of the weld overlay deposited metal pores are shown in Table 1.
Comparative example
A (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air N penetration comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: the steel band-type low-carbon steel wire comprises a low-carbon steel band and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel band, and the flux core is prepared from the following components in parts by mass: comprises a low-carbon steel strip and a flux core, wherein the flux core is filled in the steel strip. The steel strip H08A comprises the following components: 0.1%, Mn: 0.3-0.55%, Si: 0.3%, S: less than or equal to 0.03%, P: less than or equal to 0.03 percent. The medicine core components are prepared according to the following mass: 45g of micro-carbon ferrochrome, 8g of a mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder, 15g of rutile, 2g of marble, 4g of lithium fluoride, 2g of micro-carbon ferromanganese, 2g of potassium fluosilicate, 1g of sodium alginate and 21g of iron powder. Wherein, the ratio of ferrotitanium to aluminum powder is 1: 1. All powders were sieved through 100 mesh. The powders were put into a powder mixer and mixed for 30 minutes, and then the mixed powder was put into a U-shaped 14X 0.6mm H08A carbon steel belt groove with a filling rate of 28%. And closing the U-shaped groove to wrap the medicinal powder therein. Then, the mixture is respectively passed through wire-drawing dies with diameters of 4.2mm, 3.8mm, 3.5mm, 3.2mm, 2.8mm, 2.55mm, 2.4mm, 2.2mm, 2mm, 1.8mm and 1.6mm, and is drawn and reduced one by one, and finally a product with a diameter of 1.6mm is obtained. The welding current is 280-340A, the welding voltage is 25-35V, the welding speed is 0.35m/min, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 150-250 ℃, and 3 layers are subjected to surfacing. The sensitivity, slag detachability, hardness and wear resistance of the weld overlay deposited metal pores are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 pore sensitivity test: carrying out flat plate welding on a test plate with the thickness of 200mm multiplied by 80mm multiplied by 20mm, cooling for 3-5 minutes, knocking off slag by using an iron hammer, and observing and recording the number of pores on the surface of a welding seam to be surface pores. And polishing the welding seams layer by using a grinding machine, and observing and recording the number of subcutaneous air holes of the welding seams to obtain the internal air holes. And evaluating the air hole sensitivity of the weld metal of different samples according to the number of the air holes recorded in the test process.
The assessment of slag removability was made with reference to the provisions on slag removability in the national electrode assessment competition in 1989. The same test panels as for the coverage were used. The slag removal rate is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, D represents a slag removal rate (%);
l-total bead length (mm);
L0-length without slag removal (mm);
L1-severe slag sticking length (mm);
L2slight slime length (mm).
Metallographic experiments: the microstructure of the weld deposit was observed by analysis on a Neophot 21 microscope.
The hardness shown in Table 1 was measured at 5 points using an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester with a load of 150Kg, and the average hardness value was calculated.
The abrasion test adopts an MLS-225 wet rubber wheel abrasion tester.
The overlay weld of each example was cut into five wear specimens measuring 57X 25X 6 mm. The wear test parameters were as follows: diameter of the rubber wheel: 178mm, rubber wheel speed: 240 rpm, rubber wheel hardness: 70 (shore hardness), load: 10Kg, rubber wheel revolution: pre-grinding 1000 turns, and performing formal test 1000 turns, grinding: 40-70 mesh quartz sand. The wear resistance of the weld metal is measured by the weight loss of formal wear. And (3) placing the sample into a beaker filled with an acetone solution before and after each experiment, cleaning the sample in an ultrasonic cleaning instrument for 3-5 minutes, and weighing and recording the sample after the sample is dried. Q235 steel is used as a comparison sample for experiments, and the ratio of the weight loss of the comparison piece to the weight loss of the measurement piece is used as the relative wear resistance epsilon of the surfacing sample.
TABLE 1 build-up weld metal chemistry for each example
Claims (7)
1. A (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-protection flux-cored wire utilizing air N penetration is characterized in that a low-carbon steel strip is taken as a sheath, and flux-cored components are as follows by mass percent: 36-55% of micro-carbon ferrochrome, 10-25% of a mechanical mixture of ferrotitanium and aluminum powder, 10-20% of rutile, 2-6% of marble, 3-8% of lithium fluoride, 1-3% of micro-carbon ferromanganese, 1-3% of potassium fluosilicate and 0.5-1% of sodium alginate, and the balance being iron powder, wherein 3: 2 is less than or equal to ferrotitanium: aluminum powder is less than or equal to 4: 1, the flux-cored powder accounts for 25-30% of the total weight of the welding wire.
2. The air N (Ti, Al) strengthened self-shielded flux-cored wire of claim 1, wherein the low-carbon steel strip is H08A, and comprises 0.1% of C, 0.3-0.55% of Mn, 0.3% of Si, less than or equal to 0.03% of S, less than or equal to 0.03% of P, and the balance of Fe.
3. The air N (Ti, Al) strengthened self-shielded flux-cored wire of claim 1, wherein the micro-carbon ferrochrome contains 0.1 wt% of carbon, 63-75 wt% of chromium and the balance of iron; the carbon content of the micro-carbon ferromanganese is 0.04 wt%, the manganese content is 80-85 wt%, and the balance is iron; the titanium content of the ferrotitanium is 28-32 wt%, and the balance is iron.
4. The (Ti, Al) N reinforced self-shielded flux-cored wire through air N penetration according to claim 1, wherein the grain sizes of the micro-carbon ferrochrome, chromium powder, micro-carbon ferromanganese, rutile, marble, lithium fluoride, ferrochrome nitride, potassium fluosilicate, sodium alginate, ferrotitanium, aluminum powder and iron powder components in the flux core are all greater than or equal to 100 meshes.
5. The air N (Ti, Al) strengthened self-shielded flux cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein the low carbon steel strip has a thickness x width of 0.6 x 14mm or 0.5 x 12 mm.
6. The air-N reinforced (Ti, Al) N self-shielded flux-cored welding wire of claim 1, wherein the diameter of the wire is any one of 1.6mm and 2 mm.
7. The method of preparing a (Ti, Al) N strengthened self-shielded flux-cored wire by air infiltration of N of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) rolling the low-carbon steel strip into a U shape by using a forming roller, and then adding flux-cored powder into the U-shaped groove by a powder feeding device according to 25-30% of the total weight of the welding wire;
(2) closing the U-shaped groove, wrapping the medicine core in the U-shaped groove, drawing and reducing the diameter of the medicine core one by one through a wire drawing die, and finally enabling the diameter of the medicine core to reach 1.6 or 2.0mm to obtain a final product.
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