The cellular activated carbon and preparation method thereof of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5
Technical field
The present invention relates to air filting material fields, and in particular to the cellular activated carbon of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 a kind of and its
Preparation method.
Background technique
In recent years, China's urban air pollution is more serious, and World Health Organization's investigation has shown the room air of pollution
Human health is seriously threatened.Indoor air pollutants mainly include suspended particulate substance and gaseous state pollution sources.For present air
Pollution problem, indoor protection method generally use high efficiency indoor clarifier or fresh air system to realize, but current room air
Purification filtering material is difficult to meet the purpose of adsorbent solid particulate matter and adsorbed gas nuisance simultaneously.
Tourmaline is the cyclic structure silicate mineral of aluminium characterized by boracic, sodium, iron, magnesium, lithium, is had unique different
Pole symmetrical structure (typical performance is pyroelectric and piezoelectricity).Ultra-fine tourmaline particle it is small-sized, just if any an electricity
Dipole, tourmaline crystal polar axis both ends have the charge of equivalent, existing electric-field strength within the scope of tens micron thickness of surface
Degree reaches 107V/m.
The development of cellular activated carbon sees Japan Report earliest, incorporates active carbon large specific surface area, acid and alkali-resistance, hole
The features such as renewable after structure-controllable, failure and honeycomb percent opening, are big, geometrical surface is big, anti-dust pollution ability is strong
The advantages that, compared with other class active carbons, the great advantage of Alveolate activated carbon is that good purification, wind speed resistance are small.Base
In above-mentioned advantage, cellular activated carbon is usually used in gas purification, desulphurization denitration and the sewage containing a small amount of impurity, low-concentration organic
Processing.But common cellular activated carbon, it is unobvious to particulate in air adsorption effect, room air cannot be fully met
The demand of purification.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the object of the invention can be achieved at the same time the absorption of room air solid suspended particle and gaseous pollutant
Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon, and preparation method simply avoids injury of the harmful substance to human body in air.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide the preparation methods of the cellular activated carbon of above-mentioned Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5.
Technical solution: the present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the cellular activated carbon of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5, including following step
It is rapid:
1) powdered active carbon, silicate, tourmaline, binder and water are uniformly mixed, plastic mud material is made;It is powdered
Active carbon, silicate, tourmaline, binder and water mass ratio be 100: 20~40: 10~30: 10~30: 30~50;
2) extrusion molding is carried out to plastic mud material made from step 1), obtains honeycomb body;
3) 500~750 DEG C of calcinings, obtain the honeycomb of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 after the honeycomb body for obtaining step 2) is dry
Active carbon.
Preferably, above-mentioned active carbon is one of coaly activated carbon, cocoanut active charcoal and active fruit shell carbon or two kinds
Above mixture, the granularity of active carbon is less than 50 μm;Silicate is one of diatomite, concave convex rod, clay and sepiolite
Or two or more mixtures, the granularity of silicate is less than 45 μm;Tourmaline is elbaite, dravite, iron tourmaline
With the mixture of one or more of iron dravite, the granularity of tourmaline is less than 0.5 μm;Binder is Methyl cellulose
The mixture of one or more of element, carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose and polyvinyl alcohol.
In order to obtain the tourmaline powder that partial size is smaller and is easily dispersed, preferable PM2.5 adsorption efficiency is obtained, in step 1)
It before further include the preprocessing process to tourmaline, preprocessing process includes: to mix silane coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol and tourmaline
It closes uniformly, 60~70 DEG C of 10~20min of ultrasonic disperse, filter cake is warming up to 90~100 DEG C of dry 30~40min by filtering;It is preferred that
Ground, the weight ratio of silane coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol and tourmaline are 3~5: 90~100: 40~50.
In step 2), the method for carrying out extrusion molding to plastic mud material made from step 1) includes: to be packed into plastic mud material
In the barrel of vacuum-extruder, start the pumped vacuum systems of vacuum-extruder, make pug vacuum degree -0.09 in barrel~-
0.11MPa is kept for 15 minutes under this vacuum degree, and then extrusion molding obtains honeycomb body.
In step 3), dry method includes: drying 5~10 hours at 80~200 DEG C, then at 150~300 DEG C
It is 3~8 hours dry, obtain dry body;It is 8~16 hours in the time that 500~750 DEG C are calcined.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the cellular activated carbon of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 a kind of, the honeycomb of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5
Active carbon is made by above-mentioned method.
The utility model has the advantages that Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon of the invention has biggish specific surface area, higher resistance to compression
Intensity and preferable Electrostatic Absorption have reached requirement of the indoor air purification to active carbon;Electrostatic Absorption of the invention
PM2.5 cellular activated carbon is added to tourmaline in molding pug, existing not changing compared with existing cellular activated carbon product
Have under cellular activated carbon muscle wall size and muscle wall thickness, make tourmaline be evenly distributed to existing cellular activated carbon muscle wall inner wall and
Surface, not only ensure that the feature that existing cellular activated carbon specific surface area is high, hole is big, but can ultimate attainment performance tourmaline effect, energy
The cellular activated carbon of the Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 of absorption that is enough while realizing room air solid suspended particle and gaseous pollutant,
It can avoid injury of the harmful substance to human body in air, and preparation method is simple.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
(1) tourmaline pre-processes: being by weight 5: 100: 50 additions by silane coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol, dravite
In ultrasonic temperature it is ultrasonic disperse 20min in 60 DEG C of ultrasonic machines in closed container, then filters, filter cake is put in 100 DEG C of baking ovens
The tourmaline powder that partial size is easily dispersed less than 0.5 μm is made in middle dry 30min, spare.
(2) preparation of plasticity pug: by tourmaline powder made from step (1), coaly activated carbon, ball clay, diatomite,
Hydroxymethyl cellulose, water are in kneader to stir evenly at 20: 100: 10: 10: 20: 40 by weight, and plastic mud material is made.
(3) vacuum extruding form: plastic mud material made from step (2) being packed into the barrel of vacuum-extruder, and starting is true
The pumped vacuum systems of empty extruder makes pug vacuum degree -0.09MPa in barrel, keeps 15 minutes under this vacuum degree, then
Square honeycomb body is made in the extrusion molding under 30MPa pressure as needed, and the side length and height of square honeycomb body are respectively
It is 80 and 100 centimetres, honeycomb body hole density is 10 holes/cm2。
(4) dry: honeycomb body made from step (3) is 8 hours dry at 100 DEG C, then dry 6 at 180 DEG C
Hour obtains dry body.
(5) it calcines: dry body is placed in vacuum calcining in the microwave activation furnace vacuumized, calcination temperature is 500 DEG C, calcining
Time 12 hours, Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon, specific surface area 980m is made2/g。
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
(1) tourmaline pre-processes: being by weight that 3: 90: 40 additions are close by silane coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol, elbaite
Closing in container in ultrasonic temperature is ultrasonic disperse 10min in 70 DEG C of ultrasonic machines, then filters, filter cake is put in 90 DEG C of baking ovens and is done
The tourmaline powder that partial size is easily dispersed less than 0.5 μm is made in dry 40min, spare.
(2) preparation of plasticity pug: by tourmaline powder, cocoanut active charcoal, attapulgite, diatom made from step (1)
Soil, hydroxypropyl cellulose, water are in kneader to stir evenly at 30: 100: 20: 20: 30: 50 by weight, and plasticity mud is made
Material.
(3) vacuum extruding form: plastic mud material made from step (2) being packed into the barrel of vacuum-extruder, and starting is true
The pumped vacuum systems of empty extruder makes pug vacuum degree -0.11MPa in barrel, keeps 15 minutes under this vacuum degree, then
Square honeycomb body is made in the extrusion molding under 30MPa pressure as needed, and the side length and height of square honeycomb body are respectively
For 80 centimetres and 100 centimetres, honeycomb body hole density is 16 holes/cm2。
(4) dry: honeycomb body made from step (3) is 10 hours dry at 80 DEG C, then dry 5 at 200 DEG C
Hour obtains dry body.
(5) it calcines: dry body is placed in vacuum calcining in the microwave activation furnace vacuumized, calcination temperature is 750 DEG C, calcining
Time 8 hours, Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon, specific surface area 850m is made2/g。
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon, comprising the following steps:
(1) tourmaline pre-processes: being by weight 4: 95: 45 additions by silane coupling agent, dehydrated alcohol, iron dravite
In ultrasonic temperature it is ultrasonic disperse 15min in 70 DEG C of ultrasonic machines in closed container, then filters, filter cake is put in 100 DEG C of baking ovens
The tourmaline powder that partial size is easily dispersed less than 0.5 μm is made in middle dry 35min, spare.
(2) preparation of plasticity pug: by tourmaline powder, active fruit shell carbon, attapulgite, diatom made from step (1)
Soil, sepiolite, methylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol water are in kneader to stir at 10: 100: 10: 10: 10: 10: 30 by weight
Uniformly, plastic mud material is made.
(3) vacuum extruding form: plastic mud material made from step (2) being packed into the barrel of vacuum-extruder, and starting is true
The pumped vacuum systems of empty extruder makes pug vacuum degree -0.10MPa in barrel, keeps 15 minutes under this vacuum degree, then
Square honeycomb body is made in the extrusion molding under 30MPa pressure as needed, and the side length and height of square honeycomb body are respectively
It is 80 and 100 centimetres, honeycomb body hole density is 25 holes/cm2。
(4) dry: honeycomb body made from step (3) is 10 hours dry at 120 DEG C, then dry 3 at 300 DEG C
Hour obtains dry body.
(5) it calcines: dry body is placed in vacuum calcining in the microwave activation furnace vacuumized, calcination temperature is 750 DEG C, calcining
Time 8 hours, Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon, specific surface area 1020m is made2/g。
Embodiment 4
Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon made from Examples 1 to 3 is tested for the property:
(1) intensity test:
The Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 cellular activated carbon made from Examples 1 to 3 away from side greater than 5mm inside along positive direction,
It is at least 3 pieces of square sample of 25mm that side surface direction, which extracts side length, two compression face of sample should process be ground to it is smooth and mutual
In parallel, flawless, arris defect etc. is answered to influence the defect of intensity on sample.Prepared sample is put in baking oven, in 110 ± 5
It is 2 hours dry under the conditions of DEG C, it places into and is cooled to room temperature in drier;The side length of compression face is measured, compression area is calculated;By sample
It is placed on the centre of Material Testing Machine lower platen, load is applied with the rate of 0.5~1.0MPa/s, until when sample destroys most
Big load value, test result is referring to table 1.
(2) absorption of air solid suspended particulate is tested in adsorption chamber:
According to standard GB/T 6165-2008, filter efficiency is tested using counting method, the honeycomb of Examples 1 to 3 preparation is living
Property charcoal measures its filter efficiency and filtration resistance as filtering material.Test condition: PM2.5 particle initial concentration is to be respectively
0.25、1.50mg/m3, wind speed is 1m/s in air duct, test result is referring to table 1, wherein remaining after removal efficiency=1- absorption
PM2.5 concentration/PM2.5 initial concentration.
(3) the absorption test of gaseous pollutant:
It is 1m in volume3In organic glass seal box, thieff hatch is arranged in two sides, and surface is smooth in experimental cabin body, owns
Encapsulation process is passed through in junction.Hatch door on evaporating dish, is sealed by a certain amount of formalin immediately in heating mantle, opens and adds
The heater switch of hot jacket closes circulating fan after formalin evaporates and balances a period of time, acquires gas test in cabin
Concentration of formaldehyde is initial concentration.Cellular activated carbon prepared by the Examples 1 to 3 dry 1h at 105 DEG C, it is put after dry cooling
In new air inlet, while circulating fan and purification fan are opened, gas test concentration of formaldehyde in cabin is acquired after 5.0h, calculated
Cellular activated carbon adsorption efficiency, test result is referring to table 1, wherein after removal efficiency=1- absorption at the beginning of formaldehyde residual concentration/formaldehyde
Beginning concentration.
The performance indicator of the cellular activated carbon of 1 Electrostatic Absorption PM2.5 of table compares