CN109660803A - A kind of quantization method of encoding block and quantization method for HEVC coding - Google Patents
A kind of quantization method of encoding block and quantization method for HEVC coding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109660803A CN109660803A CN201910059802.2A CN201910059802A CN109660803A CN 109660803 A CN109660803 A CN 109660803A CN 201910059802 A CN201910059802 A CN 201910059802A CN 109660803 A CN109660803 A CN 109660803A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/102—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the element, parameter or selection affected or controlled by the adaptive coding
- H04N19/124—Quantisation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/70—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals characterised by syntax aspects related to video coding, e.g. related to compression standards
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/90—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals
- H04N19/96—Tree coding, e.g. quad-tree coding
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of quantization method of encoding block and for the quantization method of HEVC coding, the quantization method of the encoding block includes: that target code block is divided into multiple sub- encoding blocks；Operation is carried out to multiple sub- encoding blocks, generates multiple quantized values；Multiple sub- encoding blocks are numbered, multiple mapping values are generated；Mapping relations are established according to the multiple quantized value and the multiple mapping value；According to the mapping relations, the quantized value is called.The present invention synthesizes the quantized value of other sizes block when calculating the quantized value of each sized blocks using the method being superimposed upwards by minimum dimension block, the delay of bring quantum chemical method is divided to reduce CU structure in the prior art, reduce the influence that different CU division modes generate quantum chemical method, encoder complexity is reduced, code efficiency is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to digital signal processing technique field, in particular to the quantization method of a kind of encoding block and be used for HEVC
The quantization method of coding.
Background technique
The network videos stream applications such as network direct broadcasting, short-sighted frequency, videophone have become the main side of people's exchange at present
Formula.In order to obtain better user video experience, on the one hand, the video quality that guaranteed rate is high, it is higher this requires transmitting
Code rate；On the other hand, high code rate needs high bandwidth transmission, massive store and a large amount of intensive encoding and decoding operations, this is to network video
Frequency streaming system resource proposes extremely harsh requirement.Once not being able to satisfy, then user experience can be drastically reduced in turn.Therefore,
For the user experience obtained, it is necessary to compromise between transmission code rate and resource consumption, this can by means of according to code stream come
Predicted video quality is realized.
In recent years, it is to encoding (High Efficient Video Coding, HEVC) with strong video compression both at home and abroad
The research of the video quality evaluation without reference of the efficient video coding stream of new generation of representative has many progress, wherein in HEVC amount
Suitable coding unit CU (Coding Unit), partition structure can be selected before change, then pass through predictive coding, transition coding,
Quantization operation is carried out again, and encoding block maximum for one will complete quantization operation, need to carry out various modes to maximum encoding block
Division, then using quantitative formula to the quantized value calculated according to each partition mode under current partition mode, therefore, when
Maximum encoding block needs once to be divided and calculated according to partition mode each time, therefore wants a maximum encoding block is complete
At quantization, needs to carry out to divide several times to calculate, cause encoder complexity to rise, coding rate reduces.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned problems of the prior art, the invention proposes a kind of quantization method of encoding block and use
In the quantization method of HEVC coding, for reducing complexity when HEVC quantum chemical method, specific embodiment is as follows:
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of quantization method of encoding block, comprising:
Target code block is divided into multiple sub- encoding blocks；
Operation is carried out to multiple sub- encoding blocks, generates multiple quantized values；
Multiple sub- encoding blocks are numbered, multiple mapping values are generated；
Mapping relations are established according to the multiple quantized value and the multiple mapping value；
According to the mapping relations, the quantized value is called.
In a specific embodiment, target code block is divided into multiple sub- encoding blocks, comprising:
The target code block is divided according to quad tree segmentation technology, generates multiple sub- encoding blocks.
In a specific embodiment, after being divided according to quad tree segmentation technology to the target code block,
Further include:
Each sub- encoding block for dividing layer is scanned, scanning number is generated；
Each sub- encoding block for dividing layer is arranged, arrangement serial number is generated.
In a specific embodiment, operation is carried out to multiple sub- encoding blocks, generates multiple quantized values, comprising:
Minimum code block is extracted from multiple sub- encoding blocks；
The quantized value of the minimum code block is calculated according to quantitative formula；
The quantized value of its minor encoding block is calculated according to the quantized value of the minimum code block.
In a specific embodiment, the quantization of its minor encoding block is calculated according to the quantized value of the minimum code block
Value, comprising:
According to Quadtree Partition principle, corresponding four child nodes of source node are searched；
The quantized value of four child nodes is obtained from the quantized value of the minimum code block；
It sums to the quantized value of four child nodes, generates the quantized value of the source node.
In a specific embodiment, multiple sub- encoding blocks are numbered, generate multiple mapping values, comprising:
Obtain the division depth, scanning number and arrangement serial number of the sub- encoding block；
The division depth, scanning number and arrangement serial number are formed into decimal number；
The decimal number is labeled as to the mapping value of the sub- encoding block.
In a specific embodiment, mapping relations are established according to the multiple quantized value and the multiple mapping value,
Include:
Multiple first memories are established, each described first memory is used to store the quantized value of a sub- encoding block；
Establish the mapping relations between the mapping value and the first memory.
In a specific embodiment, mapping relations are established according to the multiple quantized value and the multiple mapping value,
Include:
Map index table is established according to the mapping value of same a sub- encoding block and quantized value.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of quantization method for HEVC coding, comprising: such as above-mentioned any embodiment institute
The quantization method for the encoding block stated.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with traditional technology
1, the present invention is folded when calculating the quantized value of each sub- encoding block using by the sub- encoding block of minimum dimension upwards
The method added synthesizes the quantized value of the sub- encoding block of other sizes, so that reducing CU structure in the prior art divides bring amount
Change computing relay, reduces the influence that different CU division modes generate quantum chemical method, reduce encoder complexity, effectively mention
High code efficiency.
2, the present invention is by the way of mapping, by the mapping value and memory of the quantized value of sub- encoding block and sub- encoding block
Number it is corresponding, keep various sizes of sub- encoding block and the quantized value in memory uniquely corresponding, further improve coding
Efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of encoding block quantization method provided by the invention；
Fig. 2 is quad-tree partition schematic diagram provided by the invention；
The sub- encoding block that Fig. 3 is 32x32 carries out Z-shaped and scans schematic diagram；
The sub- encoding block that Fig. 4 is 4x4 carries out Z-shaped and scans schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the present invention
Specific embodiment be described in detail.
Embodiment one
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, invention is further described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, quantization method provided by the invention includes the following contents:
Dividing elements are carried out to target code block.
H.265 a variety of basic units have been used in coding standard, every kind of unit is carried out by specific division mode
It divides and obtains, purpose, can be more flexible in order to when indicating the content of details and motion change in some video scenes.
Coding unit CU is to be carried out by tree-like coding unit CTU (Coding Tree Unit) by quad-tree partition technology
Circulation division obtains, and shape is usually all square, it is the most basic unit of corresponding Video coding, and CTU can be divided
The small CU of plurality of layers, each layer are carried out by quad-tree partition mode, identical in the CU size of same layer, and
There is identical division depth, it is as shown in Figure 2 to divide schematic diagram.
Coding unit CU is obtained by the division of CTU it can be seen from figure 2 above, and the full-size of CU can same CTU
Be equally 64x64, i.e. CTU is entirely used as CU to be encoded, can also successively be divided, by the target code block of 64x64 by
Layer divides, then can be divided into 32x32,16x168x8,4x4 and be at best able to be divided into 5 layers, reach the minimum dimension 4x4 of CU, can be with
Find out, for each layer of division, divided by quaternary tree form, it is having the same to be in the same CU for dividing layer
Depth and size, CTU are divided into the process that the process of CU is inherently adaptively divided according to picture material, the ruler of division
Very little bigger, code efficiency is higher, and the size in the region for being suitble to some image changes more gentle, division is smaller, and it is more accurate to predict,
The some local detail information being suitble to inside image, it is maximum excellent that division mode flexible in this way has obtained coding
Change.
It should be noted that can according to actual needs be divided the target code block of 64x64 in the present embodiment,
Specifically, the size of the 3rd straton encoding block is 16x16, then by the son of 16x16 when the target code block of 64x64 divides 3 layers
Encoding block is labeled as minimum code block；When the target code block of 64x64 divides 4 layers, the size of the 4th straton encoding block is 8x8, then
The sub- encoding block of 8x8 is labeled as minimum code block.
Hereafter by with above-mentioned 5 layers of division, it is illustrated for the sized blocks that minimum code block is 4x4.
The division depth of the sub- encoding block of 64x64 is 1；The division depth of the sub- encoding block of 32x32 is 2；The son of 16x16 is compiled
The division depth of code block is 3；The division depth of the sub- encoding block of 8x8 is 4；The division depth of the sub- encoding block of 4x4 is 5.
Further, each sub- encoding block for dividing depth is traversed according to Z-shaped scanning sequency, such as Fig. 3-Fig. 4
Shown, Fig. 3 is that Z-shaped scanning is carried out to the sub- encoding block of 32x32, and Fig. 4 is to carry out Z-shaped scanning to the sub- encoding block of 4x4；Each time
Scanning can generate a scanning number to each sub- encoding block.Further, the arrangement serial number 1 of target code block, with mesh
Mark encoding block starting is ranked up whole sub- encoding blocks, and the sub- encoding block of 32x32 occupies the arrangement serial number of 2-5；16x16's
Sub- encoding block occupies the arrangement serial number of 6-21, and the sub- encoding block of 8x8 occupies the arrangement serial number of 22-85, and the sub- encoding block of 4x4 occupies
The arrangement serial number of 86-341.
The size that depth is used to indicate sub- encoding block is divided, scanning number and arrangement serial number are used to indicate sub- encoding block
The position in layer is being divided, depth, scanning number and arrangement serial number will be divided and form decimal number, and the decimal number is marked
For the mapping value of the sub- encoding block.Corresponding sub- encoding block can be clearly found from target code block by mapping value,
Each sub- encoding block generates a unique mapping value in the same manner.
Extract the sub- encoding block of minimum dimension.
Further, the encoding block that minimum code block is 4x4 in the present embodiment, referred to as L4x4。
According to quantitative formula to each L4x4Quantization operations are carried out, corresponding quantized value is generated.
Specifically, quantitative formula is as shown in formula 1 and formula 2:
|lij|=(| dij| MF+f') > > (qbits+T_Shift) formula 1
Qbits=14+floor (QP/6) formula 2
In formula, lijValue after indicating quantization, > > indicate shift right operation, dijIndicate the DCT coefficient before zooming in and out,QstepIndicate that quantization step, T_Shift are transformation shift value, QP represents quantization parameter, f'=f < < (qbits+
T_Shift rounding-off offset) is indicated, < < indicates shift left operation, and floor is downward bracket function, and f controls rounding-off relationship, generally
In the case of, for I frame, f takes 1/3, and for P frame and B frame, f takes 1/6.
After obtaining the most quantized value of boy's encoding block, according to L4x4Quantized value be superimposed upwards, successively synthesize other sizes
Quantized value, by 4 L4x4Superposition forms L8x8, 4 L8x8Superposition forms L16x16, 4 L16x16Superposition forms L32x32, 4 L32x32
Superposition forms L64x64, wherein L4x4256 are shared, L8x864 are shared, L16x1616 are shared, L32x324 are shared, L64x64It is shared
1.
Specific principle of stacking are as follows: according to Quadtree Partition principle, source node is can be traced in each child node upwards, to
The child node of the child node can be traced down.Minimum code block no longer has downwards child node, can trace back to source node upwards,
Wherein four are searched from multiple minimum code blocks, which obtains this four from the same source node
The quantized value of minimum code block is summed by the quantized value to four minimum code blocks, generates the quantized value of the source node.With
This analogizes, and successively adds up upwards from minimum code block, ultimately generates the quantized value of each sub- encoding block.
According to above-mentioned implementation process, each sub- encoding block is corresponding has a quantized value and a mapping value, we
Mapping relations are established between, can specifically be realized by way of hardware, can also be realized by way of software.
In hardware store mode as an example: by the quantized value deposit memory of sub- encoding block, a quantized value is one corresponding
Memory, and memory is numbered, corresponding relationship will be generated between quantized value and memory number；
Further, mapping value corresponds to size and the position of sub- encoding block, establishes mapping value and memory number
Between corresponding relationship, in this way when needing to call the quantized value of a certain encoding block, first according to the size of the encoding block obtain
The mapping value of the encoding block finds corresponding memory then according to the corresponding relationship between mapping value and memory number, from
Quantized value is extracted in memory.
By taking software mode is realized as an example: establishing map index table, the quantized value and mapping value of same a sub- encoding block exist
On the map index table, when needing to call the quantized value of a certain encoding block, the volume is obtained according to the size of the encoding block first
Then the mapping value of code block searches the corresponding quantized value of the mapping value in map index table.
In practical application, when user needs to obtain the quantized value of a certain sized blocks, firstly, user is according to present encoding
The partition structure of block can know the mapping value of the sized blocks, then according to above-mentioned mapping relations, find corresponding first
Memory, to obtain the quantized value of the sized blocks.Alternatively, the mapping value of the sized blocks is examined in map index table
Rope, to find corresponding quantized value.
The present invention is closed when calculating the quantized value of each sized blocks using the method being superimposed upwards by minimum dimension block
At the quantized value of other sizes block, the delay of bring quantum chemical method is divided so as to avoid CU structure, reduces different CU and divides
The influence that mode generates quantum chemical method, reduces encoder complexity, effectively improves code efficiency.Also, the present invention adopts
It is with the mode of mapping, the number of the mapping value and memory of the quantized value of encoding block and encoding block is corresponding, make different
Sized blocks and the quantized value in memory are uniquely corresponding, further improve code efficiency.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of quantization method for HEVC coding, comprising: institute in any of the above-described embodiment
The quantization method for the encoding block stated.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to help understand the solution of the present invention and its core are thought
Think；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, in specific embodiments and applications
There will be changes, in conclusion the contents of this specification are not to be construed as limiting the invention, protection scope of the present invention
It should be subject to appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of quantization method of encoding block characterized by comprising
Target code block is divided into multiple sub- encoding blocks；
Operation is carried out to multiple sub- encoding blocks, generates multiple quantized values；
Multiple sub- encoding blocks are numbered, multiple mapping values are generated；
Mapping relations are established according to the multiple quantized value and the multiple mapping value；
According to the mapping relations, the quantized value is called.
2. quantization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that target code block is divided into multiple sub- encoding blocks,
Include:
The target code block is divided according to quad tree segmentation technology, generates multiple sub- encoding blocks.
3. quantization method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that according to quad tree segmentation technology to the target code
After block is divided, further includes:
Each sub- encoding block for dividing layer is scanned, scanning number is generated；
Each sub- encoding block for dividing layer is arranged, arrangement serial number is generated.
4. quantization method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that carry out operation to multiple sub- encoding blocks, generate
Multiple quantized values, comprising:
Minimum code block is extracted from multiple sub- encoding blocks；
The quantized value of the minimum code block is calculated according to quantitative formula；
The quantized value of its minor encoding block is calculated according to the quantized value of the minimum code block.
5. quantization method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that calculate it according to the quantized value of the minimum code block
The quantized value of minor encoding block, comprising:
According to Quadtree Partition principle, corresponding four child nodes of source node are searched；
The quantized value of four child nodes is obtained from the quantized value of the minimum code block；
It sums to the quantized value of four child nodes, generates the quantized value of the source node.
6. quantization method according to claim 3, which is characterized in that be numbered, generate to multiple sub- encoding blocks
Multiple mapping values, comprising:
Obtain the division depth, scanning number and arrangement serial number of the sub- encoding block；
The division depth, scanning number and arrangement serial number are formed into decimal number；
The decimal number is labeled as to the mapping value of the sub- encoding block.
7. quantization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the multiple quantized value and the multiple mapping
Value establishes mapping relations, comprising:
Multiple first memories are established, each described first memory is used to store the quantized value of a sub- encoding block；
Establish the mapping relations between the mapping value and the first memory.
8. quantization method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the multiple quantized value and the multiple mapping
Value establishes mapping relations, comprising:
Map index table is established according to the mapping value of same a sub- encoding block and quantized value.
9. a kind of quantization method for HEVC coding characterized by comprising such as the described in any item volumes of claim 1-8
The quantization method of code block.
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