CN109660002B - Charger capable of automatically matching battery types - Google Patents
Charger capable of automatically matching battery types Download PDFInfo
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- CN109660002B CN109660002B CN201910035534.0A CN201910035534A CN109660002B CN 109660002 B CN109660002 B CN 109660002B CN 201910035534 A CN201910035534 A CN 201910035534A CN 109660002 B CN109660002 B CN 109660002B
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- charging
- battery
- module
- rechargeable battery
- voltage
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- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 256
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium nickel Chemical compound [Ni].[Cd] OJIJEKBXJYRIBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel zinc Chemical compound [Ni].[Zn] QELJHCBNGDEXLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00038—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
- H02J7/00041—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current or temperature profile
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/0036—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits using connection detecting circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
- H02J7/0049—Detection of fully charged condition
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an automatic battery type matching charger, which comprises an MCU control module, a voltage stabilizing circuit module, a first charging module, a second charging module, a battery detection module and an LED display module, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit module, the first charging module, the second charging module, the battery detection module and the LED display module are connected with the MCU control module. The method comprises the steps of uniformly charging a battery for the first time by controlling the first charging module, detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery after a first preset time period, judging the type of the battery by the MCU control module according to the voltage change of the rechargeable battery, and if the voltage is larger than a third preset voltage, judging the battery to be a lithium battery and full, and stopping charging; if the voltage is smaller than the third preset voltage, the battery is judged to be a nickel-hydrogen battery and a nickel-cadmium battery, and the second charging module is used for charging the nickel-hydrogen battery and the nickel-cadmium battery for the second time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery chargers, in particular to a charger capable of automatically matching battery types.
Background
Battery chargers (battery chargers) are also known as battery charging holders. The rechargeable battery charging electric equipment for electric vehicles, electric tools, electric games, notebooks, digital and small portable electronic equipment and electronic appliances generally comprises a shell, a power supply conversion part, a charging detection part, a charging protection part and the like. The charger is divided into a pure direct current and a pulsating direct current according to the type of output current, and is divided into a wall-inserted type charger, a desktop type charger, a nickel-cadmium battery charger, a nickel-hydrogen battery charger, a nickel-zinc battery charger, a lead-acid battery charger, a lithium battery charger and the like according to the type of a charged battery, and is divided into a special charger and a general charger according to the function of the charger.
When the charger charges the battery, the type, the protection type, the output voltage and the current specification of the charger are selected according to the type and the voltage of the rechargeable battery, and then the charger meeting the corresponding input conditions is selected according to the mains voltage. Aiming at the charging problem of various chemical battery devices, a user needs to have strong consciousness to identify the battery, so that different charging methods are selected. Otherwise, if the charging mode selected by the user is wrong in the charging process of the electric equipment, the electric equipment is easy to damage, and the battery is ignited and exploded.
In the field of battery usage, such as interphone and satellite phone, in order to meet different demands, two or more kinds of batteries are usually used as spare batteries, if the battery is a lithium battery, the single voltage is 3.6V, if the battery is a nickel-hydrogen or nickel-cadmium battery, the single voltage is only 1.2V, the same usage effect can be achieved by using 2 lithium batteries or 6 nickel-hydrogen or nickel-cadmium batteries, and charging with different numbers of sections is performed by following 1 lithium battery to match three nickel-hydrogen or nickel-cadmium batteries. The existing charger cannot directly judge the type of the battery to be charged and what kind of battery charging method is selected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a charger capable of automatically matching battery types, which solves the technical problems that the charging equipment in the prior art cannot actively identify the battery types and cannot be compatible with charging of various types of batteries.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic battery type matching charger, which comprises an MCU control module, a voltage stabilizing circuit module, a first charging module, a second charging module, a battery detection module and an LED display module, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit module, the first charging module, the second charging module, the battery detection module and the LED display module are connected with the MCU control module; the voltage stabilizing circuit module, the first charging module and the second charging module are also connected to a charging power supply.
The voltage stabilizing circuit module is used for converting the charging power supply into a stable chip power supply for supplying power to the MCU control module;
the battery detection module is used for detecting the access of a rechargeable battery and detecting the temperature of the rechargeable battery;
The MCU control module is used for controlling the first charging module to charge the rechargeable battery for the first time through the charging power supply in a first charging mode when judging that the battery detection module is connected to the rechargeable battery and the temperature of the rechargeable battery meets a preset temperature range;
the MCU control module is further used for acquiring the temperature of the rechargeable battery in real time in the first charging process, and controlling the first charging module to stop charging the rechargeable battery and controlling the LED display module to display a charging fault signal when judging that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and exceeds the preset times;
The MCU control module is also used for detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery after waiting for a first preset time period when judging that the voltage of the rechargeable battery is stable to reach a first preset voltage in a first detection mode and finishing the first charging, and comparing the voltage of the rechargeable battery with a second preset voltage to obtain that the rechargeable battery contains a diode or does not contain the diode, and detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery in a second detection mode;
If the voltage of the rechargeable battery is smaller than a third preset voltage at this time, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be of a first type, and the first charging module and the second charging module are controlled to charge the rechargeable battery for the second time in a first supplementary charging mode at this time;
If the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery comprises a diode, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be a second type battery, and the first charging module and the second charging module are controlled to charge the rechargeable battery for the second time in a second supplementary charging mode;
if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery does not contain a diode, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be of a third type, and the LED display module is controlled to display a full-charge signal and cut off the electrical connection between the second charging module, the first charging mode and the rechargeable battery;
The MCU control module is further used for acquiring the temperature of the rechargeable battery in real time in the second charging process, disconnecting the electrical connection between the second charging module and the rechargeable battery when judging that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and exceeds the preset times, and controlling the LED display module to display a charging fault signal;
The MCU control module is also used for controlling the LED display module to display charging signals in the first charging process or the second charging process; and is further configured to display a charge full signal after the first charge and the second charge are completed.
The first type battery is a nickel-hydrogen battery or a nickel-cadmium battery; the second type battery is a lithium battery comprising a diode; the third type is a lithium battery that does not include a diode.
The temperature range of the battery is 0-45 ℃, a thermistor is arranged in the battery detection module, and the MCU control module determines the temperature of the rechargeable battery by detecting the partial pressure value of the thermistor; and when judging that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and does not exceed the preset times, the MCU control module pauses charging the rechargeable battery when the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range, but continues charging the rechargeable battery when the temperature of the rechargeable battery is cooled to meet the preset temperature range.
The MCU control module is also used for detecting whether the charging power supply is in the range of 9-16V in real time before the charging battery is connected and in the processes of completing the first charging and the second charging, and resetting the charging power supply if not.
The MCU control module is further used for detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery before the rechargeable battery is charged in a first charging mode, if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is higher than 8.6V at this time, the charging fault signal is displayed when the voltage of the rechargeable battery is lower than 1.0V, and the electrical connection between the first charging module, the second charging module and the battery detection module is cut off and the LED display module is controlled to display a full charging signal.
The first charging mode is that a first constant current is used for charging the voltage of the rechargeable battery to the first preset voltage, and then the first preset voltage is used for charging the rechargeable battery to the current of the rechargeable battery at a constant voltage, and the current drops to a first preset current threshold value, so that the first charging is completed; the first constant current is 1A, the first preset voltage is 8.4V, and the first preset current threshold value is 150mA.
The second preset voltage is 5V; the third preset voltage is 8.32V; the first detection mode is used for detecting the actual voltage of the rechargeable battery, and the second detection mode is used for detecting the equivalent voltage of the rechargeable battery after the MCU control module applies a current of 10mA to the battery detection module on the basis of the first detection mode.
The first charging mode is that the second charging module applies a slowly rising PWM signal, the first charging module charges with constant current 1A for a set period of time and then stops charging for a second preset period of time, the MCU control module applies a current of 10mA to the battery detection module in the stopped second preset period of time, then detects the voltage of the rechargeable battery after waiting for a third preset period of time which is less than the second preset period of time after stopping charging, and if the voltage is not less than 9.0V or the voltage difference measured in the last two times is not greater than a preset voltage difference, the second charging is completed, otherwise the operation of the first charging mode is repeated;
The preset times are set to 3 times, the first preset time period is set to 10 seconds, the set time period is set to 5 seconds, the second preset time period is set to 200 milliseconds, the third preset time period is set to 150 milliseconds, and the preset voltage difference is set to 18mV.
The second charging module applies a slowly rising PWM signal, and the first charging module charges the rechargeable battery at a constant voltage of 8.6V until the current drops to 100mA, so as to complete the second charging.
The invention provides an automatic battery type matching charger, which is provided with a first charging module, a second charging module and a battery detection module of an MCU control module, wherein the MCU control module is used for uniformly charging a rechargeable battery for the first time through the first charging module, directly detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery in the battery detection module after a first preset time period, judging the type of the battery according to the voltage change of the rechargeable battery, judging whether the rechargeable battery comprises a diode or not if the voltage is larger than a second preset voltage (the voltage is not obviously reduced), then detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery again after the MCU control module applies a current to the battery detection module, judging whether the rechargeable battery is a nickel-hydrogen battery or a nickel-cadmium battery if the voltage is smaller than a third preset voltage, and carrying out the second charging on the nickel-hydrogen battery and the nickel-cadmium battery through the first charging module and the second charging module, judging that the rechargeable battery comprises the diode if the voltage is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery comprises the diode, and carrying out the second charging on the lithium battery comprising the diode through the first charging module and the second charging module and the lithium battery comprising the diode if the voltage is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery and not comprising the diode. The invention can automatically distinguish the battery types on the premise of not damaging the battery, and the battery is fully charged by adopting a corresponding charging mode, so that the invention has high degree of automation, low error rate and great saving of manpower and material resources;
According to the charger capable of automatically matching the battery type, the thermistor is arranged in the battery detection module to detect the temperature of the rechargeable battery before and during charging in real time, and when the battery temperature is found to exceed the preset safety threshold, the charging is stopped immediately, so that the battery is protected and the safety of the whole circuit is ensured;
The charger capable of automatically matching the battery type is further provided with the LED display module, and the LED display module displays lights with different colors to represent the charging state of the rechargeable battery, so that the charger can play a role in prompting and warning.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit frame diagram of a charger automatically matching battery types provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a voltage variation graph of stopping charging after the lithium battery provided by the embodiment of the invention is charged to a first preset voltage;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a voltage change curve of a nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention after the battery is charged to a first predetermined voltage;
fig. 4 is a full charge graph of a lithium battery provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a graph showing a full charge voltage variation of a lithium battery with a diode according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the complete charge of a nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic circuit diagram of the MCU control module 1 in FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of the voltage stabilizing circuit module 2 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of the first charging module 3 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of the second charging module 4 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a temperature detecting portion of the battery detecting module 5 of fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic circuit diagram of battery access detection of the battery detection module 5 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of the LED display module 6 of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: MCU control module 1, voltage stabilizing circuit module 2, first module 3 that charges, second module 4 that charges, battery detection module 5, LED display module 6.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention, including the drawings for reference and description only, and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Because the single cell voltage of the lithium battery is 3.6V, and the single cell voltage of the nickel-hydrogen or nickel-cadmium battery is 1.2V, the same using effect can be achieved by using 2 lithium batteries or 6 nickel-hydrogen or nickel-cadmium batteries by using equipment, and the batteries are distinguished according to the condition that the 2 lithium batteries are equal to the 6 nickel-hydrogen or nickel-cadmium batteries.
Referring to fig. 1, the charger capable of automatically matching battery types provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an MCU control module 1, a voltage stabilizing circuit module 2, a first charging module 3, a second charging module 4, a battery detection module 5 and an LED display module 6, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit module 2, the first charging module 3, the second charging module 4, the battery detection module 5 and the LED display module 6 are connected with each other, and the battery detection module 5 is also connected with the first charging module 3 and the second charging module 4; the voltage stabilizing circuit module 2, the first charging module 3 and the second charging module 4 are also connected to a charging power supply.
The main implementation process of the embodiment of the invention is as follows: the first charging module 3 is used for uniformly charging the rechargeable battery for the first time, the voltage of the rechargeable battery in the battery detection module is directly detected after a first preset time period, the type of the battery is judged according to the voltage change of the rechargeable battery, if the voltage is larger than a second preset voltage (the voltage is not obviously reduced), the rechargeable battery is judged to contain a diode or not, then the MCU control module is used for applying a current to the battery detection module and then re-detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery, if the voltage is smaller than a third preset voltage, the rechargeable battery is judged to be a nickel-hydrogen battery and a nickel-cadmium battery, and the first charging module 3 and the second charging module 4 are used for charging the nickel-hydrogen battery and the nickel-cadmium battery for the second time, if the voltage is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery contains a diode, the rechargeable battery is judged to be a lithium battery containing the diode, and the rechargeable battery is not required to be fully charged at the moment.
Referring to fig. 8, the voltage stabilizing circuit module 2 is connected to the power supply access port VDD of the MCU control module 1 through a VCC5V1 port led out in the figure, and the voltage stabilizing circuit module 2 converts the charging power supply into a stable chip power supply to supply power to the MCU control module 1;
The battery detection module 5 is used for detecting the access of a rechargeable battery and detecting the temperature of the rechargeable battery; referring to fig. 12, the MCU control module 1 is connected to the battery detection module 5 through a pin PA4, and is capable of determining whether or not there is battery access according to the voltage of the battery access terminal bat+1, for example, when the voltage of the battery access terminal bat+1 is 5V, it is determined that there is no battery access, and when the voltage of the battery access terminal bat+1 is 0V, it is determined that there is battery access; the temperature of the rechargeable battery is monitored in the whole process through a thermistor in the TP200 multichannel temperature inspection instrument.
Referring to fig. 7, when the MCU control module 1 determines that the battery detection module 5 is connected to a rechargeable battery and the temperature of the rechargeable battery meets a preset temperature range, it controls the first charging module 3 to charge the rechargeable battery for the first time through the charging power supply in a first charging mode;
referring to fig. 9, the MCU control module 1 is connected to the ntc_off1 port of the first charging module 3 through a pin PC1, the MCU control module 1 further acquires the temperature of the rechargeable battery in real time during the first charging process, controls the first charging module 3 to stop charging the rechargeable battery when it is determined that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not satisfy the preset temperature range more than a preset number of times, and controls the LED display module 6 to display a charging failure signal;
The MCU control module 1 also detects the voltage of the rechargeable battery after waiting for a first preset time period when judging that the voltage of the rechargeable battery is stable to reach a first preset voltage in a first detection mode and finishes the first charging, and compares the voltage of the rechargeable battery with a second preset voltage to obtain that the rechargeable battery contains a diode or does not contain the diode, and then detects the voltage of the rechargeable battery in a second detection mode;
Referring to fig. 10, the MCU control module 1 is connected to the TP203 port of the second charging module 4 through a pin PA7, and if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is smaller than a third preset voltage at this time, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be a first type of battery, and at this time, the second charging module 4 is controlled to charge the rechargeable battery in a first complementary charging mode for a second charging;
If the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not less than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery comprises a diode, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be a second type battery, and the first charging module 3 is controlled to charge the rechargeable battery for the second time in a second charging mode;
If the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not less than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery does not contain a diode, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be a third type battery, and the LED display module 6 is controlled to display a full-charge signal and cut off the electrical connection between the second charging module 4 and the first charging module 3 and the rechargeable battery;
The MCU control module 1 is further configured to obtain a temperature of the rechargeable battery in real time during the second charging process, disconnect the electrical connection between the second charging module 4 and the rechargeable battery when it is determined that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and exceeds the preset number of times, and control the LED display module 6 to display a charging failure signal;
Referring to fig. 13, the MCU control module 1 is further connected to an LED G1 port and an LED R1 port of the LED display module 6 through a pin PA1 and a pin PA3, respectively, and the MCU control module 1 is further configured to control the LED display module 6 to display a charging signal during the first charging or the second charging; and the charging device is also used for displaying a full-charge signal after the first charging and the second charging are completed; the display red light indicates that the charging fails, the display orange light indicates that the charging is normal, and the display green light indicates that the charging of the battery is completed.
The first type battery is a nickel-hydrogen battery or a nickel-cadmium battery; the second type battery is a lithium battery comprising a diode; the third type is a lithium battery that does not include a diode.
The preset temperature range is 0-45 ℃ (also can be the temperature range of normal operation of the battery), referring to fig. 11, the MCU control module 1 is connected to the bat+1 port of the battery detection module 5 through a pin PB0, a thermistor is arranged in the battery detection module 5, and the MCU control module 1 determines the temperature of the rechargeable battery by detecting the voltage division value of the thermistor; and when judging that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and does not exceed the preset times, the MCU control module 1 pauses charging the rechargeable battery when the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range, but continues charging the rechargeable battery when the temperature of the rechargeable battery is cooled to meet the preset temperature range.
The MCU control module 1 is further used for detecting whether the charging power supply is in the range of 9-16V in real time before the charging battery is connected and in the processes of completing the first charging and the second charging, and resetting the charging power supply if not.
The MCU control module 1 is further configured to detect a voltage of the rechargeable battery before the rechargeable battery is charged in the first charging mode, if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is higher than 8.6V at this time, it indicates that the rechargeable battery is full, then the electrical links between the first charging module 3, the second charging module 4 and the battery detecting module 5 are cut off, and the LED display module 6 is controlled to display a full charge signal, and if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is lower than 1.0V at this time, the LED display module 6 displays a charging failure signal.
The first charging mode is that a first constant current is used for charging the voltage of the rechargeable battery to the first preset voltage, and then the first preset voltage is used for charging the rechargeable battery to the current of the rechargeable battery at a constant voltage, and the current drops to a first preset current threshold value, so that the first charging is completed; the first constant current is 1A, the first preset voltage is 8.4V, and the first preset current threshold value is 150mA.
The second preset voltage is 5V; the third preset voltage is 8.32V; the first detection mode is used for detecting the actual voltage of the rechargeable battery, and the second detection mode is used for detecting the equivalent voltage of the rechargeable battery after the MCU control module 1 applies a current of 10mA to the battery detection module on the basis of the first detection mode.
The first charging mode is that the second charging module 4 applies a slowly rising PWM signal, the first charging module 3 charges with a constant current 1A for a set period of time and then stops charging for a second preset period of time, the MCU control module 1 applies a current of 10mA to the battery detection module in the stopped second preset period of time, then detects the voltage of the rechargeable battery after waiting for a third preset period of time less than the second preset period of time after stopping charging, and if the voltage is not less than 9.0V or the voltage difference measured in the last two times is not greater than a preset voltage difference, the second charging is completed, otherwise the foregoing operation of the first charging mode is repeated;
The preset times are set to 3 times, the first preset time period is set to 10 seconds, the set time period is set to 5 seconds, the second preset time period is set to 200 milliseconds, the third preset time period is set to 150 milliseconds, and the preset voltage difference is set to 18mV.
The second charging module 4 applies a slowly rising PWM signal, and the first charging module 3 charges the rechargeable battery at a constant voltage of 8.6V until the current drops to 100mA, thereby completing the second charging.
And if the maximum charging time of the lithium battery is 6 hours and the battery exceeds the maximum charging time, the MCU control module 1 actively cuts off the charging power supply and stops charging.
Referring to fig. 2, the lithium battery voltage drops rapidly to 8.4V and then slowly to 8.38V within 10 seconds of turning off the charging power supply after the lithium battery reaches 8.4V at the time of the first charge and the current drops to 150mA, in units of seconds(s) on the abscissa and voltage values on the ordinate.
Referring to fig. 3, the abscissa indicates time in seconds(s), the ordinate indicates voltage value in volts (V), and after the voltage of the nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium battery reaches 8.4V at the time of the first charge and the current drops to 150mA, the voltage of the nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium battery rapidly drops below 8.1V within 10 seconds of the disconnection of the charging power supply due to the phenomenon of floating pressure, and then the voltage of the nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium battery is continuously reduced below 8V, and the voltage drop amplitude of the nickel-hydrogen and nickel-cadmium battery is large.
Referring to fig. 4, the full charge graph of the lithium battery is shown in fig. 4, the abscissa indicates time in seconds(s), the ordinate indicates voltage value in volts (V), V indicates actual voltage of the rechargeable battery, I indicates actual current of the rechargeable battery, V T indicates precharge voltage, I T indicates precharge current, V n indicates a first preset voltage, and I n indicates a first constant current. After the pre-charging of the lithium battery is finished, the voltage of the lithium battery is charged to 8.4V at a first preset voltage by a constant-current charging mode of a first constant current 1A, the charging mode is changed into a constant-voltage charging mode of 8.4V at the moment, and when the current curve of the lithium battery slowly drops to 100mA, the charging is stopped after the current curve of the lithium battery is gradually reduced to 100mA, the charging is stopped after the current of the lithium battery is full.
The full charge voltage profile of a lithium battery with a diode, see fig. 5, is time on the abscissa, seconds(s), voltage value on the ordinate, volts (V), and V a, the supplemental charge voltage of the lithium battery, and voltage value of 8.6V. When the lithium battery with the diode is charged for the first time, if the voltage of the lithium battery with the diode is larger than the third preset voltage of 8.32V and smaller than 8.6V, the lithium battery with the diode is charged for the second time with a constant voltage of 8.6V until the current slowly drops to 100mA, and the second charging is finished.
The full charge graph of the nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium battery is shown in fig. 6, the abscissa is time, the unit is seconds(s), the ordinate is voltage value, the unit is volts (V), the battery is charged in a constant current 1A current charging mode in the whole process of the charging process of the nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium battery, the charging curve of the battery is slowly increased, and when the voltage of the nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium battery is greater than 9V or the voltage change value delta V of the nickel-metal hydride and nickel-cadmium battery is less than 18mV, the battery is fully charged, and the charging is terminated.
The specific working procedure is described below:
s1, starting to power up, the voltage stabilizing circuit module 2 converts the charging power supply into a stable chip power supply to supply power for the MCU control module 1 (5V power supply is adopted in the embodiment of the invention).
S2, the MCU control module detects whether the charging circuit meets the charging condition:
Firstly, detecting whether the voltage of an external access power supply is in a normal range or not, and detecting the input voltage in a circulating way until the input voltage reaches the normal range (9V, 15V) and entering the next step;
Secondly, controlling the battery detection module 5 to detect whether a battery is inserted or not, and circularly detecting whether the battery is inserted or not until the battery is inserted, and entering the next step, wherein the voltage detected by a circuit is 5V when the battery is not inserted;
Thirdly, the battery detection module 5 (mainly provided with a TP200 multi-path temperature inspection instrument, and a thermistor is arranged in the battery detection module) is controlled to detect whether the temperature of the rechargeable battery is in a normal range, if not, the MCU control module 1 controls the LED display module 6 to control the red light to flash and alarm, and the detection is always circulated until the temperature of the rechargeable battery is in the normal range, and the next step is carried out, wherein the temperature range of the battery is (0 ℃ and 45 ℃). In the whole charging process, if the system circulates for 3 times and exceeds the temperature range, the LED display module 6 controls the red light to flash and alarm, so as to remind a worker of removing the battery.
S3, the MCU control module 1 controls the first charging module 3 (mainly provided with a charging management chip IC 200), the type of the rechargeable battery is not distinguished firstly, the rechargeable battery is directly charged for the first time, and the LED display module 6 controls the orange lamp to be turned on, and normal charging is displayed.
And S4, after the first charging is finished, within a first preset time period of 10 seconds, the MCU control module 1 detects the voltage of the rechargeable battery and judges the battery type according to the voltage of the rechargeable battery, and the orange lamp is still turned on in the period.
A. If the voltage of the rechargeable battery is detected to be smaller than the second preset voltage by 5V, the fact that the rechargeable battery internally comprises a diode is indicated, and a test current with a current value of 10mA is needed to be provided for detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery;
B. if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is smaller than the third preset voltage of 8.32V, the rechargeable battery is a first type battery nickel-metal hydride battery or a first type battery nickel-cadmium battery, and the process enters a flow S5;
C. if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not less than the third preset voltage of 8.32V and the rechargeable battery contains a diode, indicating that the rechargeable battery is a lithium battery containing a diode in the second type battery, and entering a process S6;
D. if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not less than the third preset voltage of 8.32V and the rechargeable battery does not include a diode, the rechargeable battery is a lithium battery with a third type of battery and does not include a diode, and the process goes to the step S7.
S5, the MCU control module 1 controls the second charging module 4 (mainly provided with a power management chip AO 4435) to charge the rechargeable battery for the second time in a first supplementary charging mode of constant current 1A, the second charging process is to charge for 5 seconds in a set time period, the charging is stopped in a second preset time period of 200 milliseconds, the MCU control module 1 outputs a current of 10mA when stopping, and the voltage of the rechargeable battery is tested after delaying for 150 milliseconds in a third preset time period until the voltage difference value of the rechargeable battery is lower than 18mV or the voltage of the rechargeable battery is more than or equal to 9V, and the process enters a flow S7.
S6, the MCU control module 1 controls the first charging module 3 to charge the rechargeable battery for the second time in a second supplementary charging mode with a constant voltage of 8.6V until the current drops to 100mA, and the process enters a flow S7.
And S7, turning full of the battery, controlling the green light to be turned on by the LED display module 6, displaying that charging is completed, and removing the battery.
The charger automatically matching the battery type is provided with a first charging module, a second charging module and a battery detection module of the MCU control module, the MCU control module firstly uniformly charges the rechargeable battery for the first time through the first charging module, the voltage of the rechargeable battery in the battery detection module is directly detected after a first preset time period, the type of the battery is judged according to the voltage change of the rechargeable battery, if the voltage is larger than a second preset voltage (the voltage is not obviously reduced), the rechargeable battery is judged to contain a diode or not contain a diode, then the MCU control module applies a current to the battery detection module and then re-detects the voltage of the rechargeable battery, at the moment, if the voltage is smaller than a third preset voltage, the battery is judged to be a nickel-hydrogen battery and a nickel-cadmium battery, and if the voltage is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery contains a diode, the battery containing a diode is judged to be a lithium battery containing a diode, and if the voltage is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the battery containing a diode is not fully charged, the battery is judged to be a lithium battery containing a diode. The invention can automatically distinguish the battery types on the premise of not damaging the battery, and the battery is fully charged by adopting a corresponding charging mode, so that the invention has high degree of automation, low error rate and great saving of manpower and material resources;
According to the charger capable of automatically matching the battery type, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the battery detection module is provided with the thermistor to detect the temperature of the rechargeable battery before and during charging in real time, and when the battery temperature is found to exceed the preset safety threshold, the charging is stopped immediately, so that the battery is protected and the safety of the whole circuit is ensured;
the charger capable of automatically matching the battery type is further provided with the LED display module, and the LED display module displays lights with different colors to represent the charging state of the rechargeable battery, so that the charger can play a role in prompting and warning.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The charger is characterized by comprising an MCU control module, a voltage stabilizing circuit module, a first charging module, a second charging module, a battery detection module and an LED display module, wherein the voltage stabilizing circuit module, the first charging module, the second charging module, the battery detection module and the LED display module are connected with the MCU control module; the voltage stabilizing circuit module, the first charging module and the second charging module are also connected to a charging power supply;
the voltage stabilizing circuit module is used for converting the charging power supply into a stable chip power supply for supplying power to the MCU control module;
the battery detection module is used for detecting the access of a rechargeable battery and detecting the temperature of the rechargeable battery;
The MCU control module is used for controlling the first charging module to charge the rechargeable battery for the first time through the charging power supply in a first charging mode when judging that the battery detection module is connected to the rechargeable battery and the temperature of the rechargeable battery meets a preset temperature range;
the MCU control module is further used for acquiring the temperature of the rechargeable battery in real time in the first charging process, and controlling the first charging module to stop charging the rechargeable battery and controlling the LED display module to display a charging fault signal when judging that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and exceeds the preset times;
The MCU control module is also used for detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery after waiting for a first preset time period when judging that the voltage of the rechargeable battery is stable to reach a first preset voltage in a first detection mode and finishing the first charging, and comparing the voltage of the rechargeable battery with a second preset voltage to obtain that the rechargeable battery contains a diode or does not contain the diode, and detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery in a second detection mode;
If the voltage of the rechargeable battery is smaller than a third preset voltage at this time, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be of a first type, and the first charging module and the second charging module are controlled to charge the rechargeable battery for the second time in a first supplementary charging mode at this time;
If the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery comprises a diode, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be a second type battery, and the first charging module and the second charging module are controlled to charge the rechargeable battery for the second time in a second supplementary charging mode;
if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is not smaller than the third preset voltage and the rechargeable battery does not contain a diode, the rechargeable battery is indicated to be of a third type, and the LED display module is controlled to display a full-charge signal and cut off the electrical connection between the first charging module and the rechargeable battery;
The MCU control module is further used for acquiring the temperature of the rechargeable battery in real time in the second charging process, disconnecting the electrical connection between the second charging module and the rechargeable battery when judging that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and exceeds the preset times, and controlling the LED display module to display a charging fault signal;
The MCU control module is also used for controlling the LED display module to display charging signals in the first charging process or the second charging process; and is further configured to display a charge full signal after the first charge and the second charge are completed.
2. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 1, wherein:
The first type battery is a nickel-hydrogen battery or a nickel-cadmium battery; the second type battery is a lithium battery comprising a diode; the third type is a lithium battery that does not include a diode.
3. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 2, wherein: the temperature range of the battery is 0-45 ℃, a thermistor is arranged in the battery detection module, and the MCU control module determines the temperature of the rechargeable battery by detecting the partial pressure value of the thermistor; and when judging that the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range and does not exceed the preset times, the MCU control module pauses charging the rechargeable battery when the temperature of the rechargeable battery does not meet the preset temperature range, but continues charging the rechargeable battery when the temperature of the rechargeable battery is cooled to meet the preset temperature range.
4. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 3, wherein: the MCU control module is also used for detecting whether the charging power supply is in the range of 9-16V in real time before the charging battery is connected and in the processes of the first charging and the second charging, and resetting the charging power supply if not.
5. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 4, wherein: the MCU control module is further used for detecting the voltage of the rechargeable battery before the rechargeable battery is charged in a first charging mode, if the voltage of the rechargeable battery is higher than 8.6V at this time, the charging fault signal is displayed when the voltage of the rechargeable battery is lower than 1.0V, and the electrical connection between the first charging module, the second charging module and the battery detection module is cut off and the LED display module is controlled to display a full charging signal.
6. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 5, wherein: the first charging mode is that a first constant current is used for charging the voltage of the rechargeable battery to the first preset voltage, and then the first preset voltage is used for charging the rechargeable battery to the current of the rechargeable battery at a constant voltage, and the current drops to a first preset current threshold value, so that the first charging is completed; the first constant current is 1A, the first preset voltage is 8.4V, and the first preset current threshold is 150mA.
7. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 6, wherein: the second preset voltage is 5V; the third preset voltage is 8.32V; the first detection mode is used for detecting the equivalent voltage of the rechargeable battery, and the second detection mode is used for detecting the actual voltage of the rechargeable battery after the MCU control module applies a current of 10mA to the battery detection module on the basis of the first detection mode.
8. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 7, wherein: the first charging mode is that the second charging module applies a slowly rising PWM signal, the first charging module charges with constant current 1A for a set period of time and then stops charging for a second preset period of time, the MCU control module applies a current of 10mA to the battery detection module in the stopped second preset period of time, then detects the voltage of the rechargeable battery after waiting for a third preset period of time which is less than the second preset period of time after stopping charging, and if the voltage is not less than 9.0V or the voltage difference measured in the last two times is not greater than a preset voltage difference, the second charging is completed, otherwise, the charging operation of the first charging mode is repeatedly executed;
The preset times are set to 3 times, the first preset time period is set to 10 seconds, the set time period is set to 5 seconds, the second preset time period is set to 200 milliseconds, the third preset time period is set to 150 milliseconds, and the preset voltage difference is set to 18mV.
9. A charger for automatically matching battery types as in claim 8, wherein: the second charging module applies a slowly rising PWM signal, and the first charging module charges the rechargeable battery at a constant voltage of 8.6V until the current drops to 100mA, so as to complete the second charging.
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| CN102136611A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-07-27 | 华为终端有限公司 | Battery charging method and device |
| CN209526528U (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-10-22 | 惠州市安宝科技有限公司 | A kind of charger of Auto-matching battery types |
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| CN102842739A (en) * | 2011-06-22 | 2012-12-26 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Battery charging method, apparatus, and system |
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| CN102136611A (en) * | 2010-12-15 | 2011-07-27 | 华为终端有限公司 | Battery charging method and device |
| CN209526528U (en) * | 2019-01-15 | 2019-10-22 | 惠州市安宝科技有限公司 | A kind of charger of Auto-matching battery types |
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