CN109657020B - Visual and safe management system and method based on ArcGIS tailing pond - Google Patents

Visual and safe management system and method based on ArcGIS tailing pond Download PDF

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CN109657020B
CN109657020B CN201811360611.1A CN201811360611A CN109657020B CN 109657020 B CN109657020 B CN 109657020B CN 201811360611 A CN201811360611 A CN 201811360611A CN 109657020 B CN109657020 B CN 109657020B
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tailing pond
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张鹏
许林英
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a safety monitoring technology, which is used for visualizing peripheral geographic information of a certain tailing pond through a national map, designing an emergency rescue scheme and demonstrating dam break effects; the batch data import module is used for: the ArcGIS tailing pond peripheral information model building module is used for: and downloading a base map of the ArcGIS basic map, and distributing map services through the Arcmap. The invention is mainly applied to the occasion of mine safety monitoring.

Description

Visual and safe management system and method based on ArcGIS tailing pond
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet, in particular to a visualization and safety management system and method based on an ArcGIS tailing pond.
Background
The tailing pond is a place which is formed by damming and intercepting a valley or surrounding land and is used for piling up metal or nonmetal mines and discharging tailings or other industrial waste residues after ore sorting. The tailing pond is an artificial debris flow dangerous source with high potential energy, has dam break danger, and is easy to cause serious accidents once the tailing pond is in accident. Many tailing ponds are distributed all over the country, and aiming at the safety management of the tailing ponds (slag), the safety accidents of the production of the tailing ponds are prevented and reduced, and the life and property safety of people is guaranteed. Many monitoring systems are managed for the safety of tailing ponds at home and abroad. Such as online-SME, mine-TRs, MAS and other tailing pond monitoring systems, which comprise water level monitoring, dam infiltration monitoring, dam displacement monitoring, leakage monitoring and the like, and physically monitor the single tailing pond by means of sensors, ultrasonic positioners, anchor rope dynamometers and the like. However, since the people and living things around the waste residue of the tailing pond have great influence, detailed schemes for the periphery of the tailing pond, such as visualization of data of villages, hospitals and the like around the tailing pond, are not considered.
ArcGIS is a platform for organizing, managing, sharing, and analyzing spatial data. In the early stages of GIS development, professionals focused on data editing or focusing on application engineering, and focused on expending efforts in creating GIS databases and constructing geographic information and knowledge. GIS develops along with the Internet from the traditional concept (collecting data sets, analyzing data, creating maps and analysis models) and updates programming languages, GIS software can be developed and deployed at a server end, a web end and a mobile end, and the characteristics of ArcGIS for JavaScript applied at the web end are fully utilized.
WebGL is published by Khronos Group, is a 3D drawing standard free of authorized fees and crossing platforms, and provides a third party library three.js, wherein three.js is a 3D engine running in a browser, and the three.js graphic library provides basic point, line and polygon drawing functions, complex three-dimensional objects, complex curve and curved surface drawing functions, and the arrangement of illumination, materials, cameras and renderers is quite convenient. The effective combination of WebGL and ArcGIS allows the visual display of the tailing pond.
Combining ArcGIS with WebGL, creating a model for the surrounding geographical environment of the tailing pond by using ArcGIS for javaScript api and the like, simulating the dam break process of the tailing pond, designing an optimal escape route algorithm, and analyzing the visual operation state of the tailing pond.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to design an emergency rescue scheme and demonstrate the dam break effect by visualizing the peripheral geographic information of a certain tailing pond on a national map. The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the visual and safety management system based on the ArcGIS tailings pond comprises a batch data importing module, an information dynamic inquiring module, a peripheral information model building module based on the ArcGIS tailings pond, a tailings pond peripheral information visual display module based on the ArcGIS, a tailings pond specific position detail module, an ArcGIS emergency rescue and escape route module and a ArcGIS dynamic dam break effect display module; the batch data import module is used for: basic information of a tailing pond is imported, basic information of an enterprise is imported, and relevant information of the tailing pond is imported, wherein the basic information of the tailing pond comprises storage of videos, pictures and files; the information dynamic query module is used for dynamically querying the information of the tailing pond and enterprises; the ArcGIS tailing pond peripheral information model building module is used for: downloading a base map of the ArcGIS basic map, releasing map service through the Arcmap, and loading the ArcGIS map offline through loading the released service; the specific position detail module of the switching tailing pond is used for: according to longitude and latitude data in basic information of the tailing pond, the geographical position of each tailing pond is displayed on a national map in an ArcGIS map through a conspicuous icon, and the icon is clicked to be switched to a specific position of the tailing pond; the ArcGIS tailing pond peripheral information-based visual display module is used for displaying school villages and road networks; the ArcGIS-based dynamic display dam break effect module is used for: loading a specific model of the tailing pond in a detailed position of the tailing pond through WebGL, simulating a dam break model of the tailing pond through water material and water flow in three.js, and judging a dam break influence effect, wherein three.js is a 3D engine running in a browser; the ArcGIS-based emergency rescue and escape route module is used for: and designing a real-time scheme, and designing and displaying a peripheral model of a tailing pond in the ArcGIS according to the dam break influence range and effect, and designing optimal rescue information and escape routes through roads and warehouses.
The visual and safety management method based on the ArcGIS tailing pond comprises the following steps:
batch data import: basic information of a tailing pond is imported, basic information of an enterprise is imported, and relevant information of the tailing pond is imported, wherein the basic information of the tailing pond comprises storage of videos, pictures and files;
dynamically inquiring information, and dynamically inquiring information of a tailing pond and enterprises;
constructing a tailing pond peripheral information model: downloading a base map of the ArcGIS basic map, releasing map service through the Arcmap, and loading the ArcGIS map offline through loading the released service;
details of specific positions of the switching tailing pond: according to longitude and latitude data in basic information of the tailing pond, the geographical position of each tailing pond is displayed on a national map in an ArcGIS map through a conspicuous icon, and the icon is clicked to be switched to a specific position of the tailing pond;
visual display module of tailing pond peripheral information: displaying school villages and road nets;
dynamically displaying dam break effect: loading a specific model of the tailing pond in a detailed position of the tailing pond through WebGL, simulating a dam break model of the tailing pond through water material and water flow in three.js, and judging a dam break influence effect, wherein three.js is a 3D engine running in a browser;
emergency rescue and escape route design: and designing a real-time scheme, and designing and displaying a peripheral model of a tailing pond in the ArcGIS according to the dam break influence range and effect, and designing optimal rescue information and escape routes through roads and warehouses.
The dam break influence range and effect are displayed, and the optimal escape route is designed to involve calculation of space distance and space area calculation, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) The space distance calculating method comprises the following steps:
according to longitude and latitude, and the earth radius R, wherein Wa and Wb are the radians of the longitude of two given points of A, B, ja and Jb are the radians of the latitude of two points of A, B, converting the two points of A, B into three-dimensional coordinates of a sphere:
x a ＝R*cos(wa)*cos(ja)
y a ＝R*cos(wa)*sin(ja)
z a ＝R*sin(wa)
x b ＝R*cos(wb)*cos(jb)
y b ＝R*cos(wb)*sin(jb)
z b ＝R*sin(wb)
solving the three-dimensional distance of A, B and the cosine of the angle AOB (0 is the center of a circle)
AB 2 ＝2R 2 [1-cos(WA-WB)+cos(WA)*cos(WB)-cos(JA-JB)*cos(WA)*cos(WB)]
The final distance is:
2) The space deformation area calculating method comprises the following steps:
according to R 3 Sphere area calculation algorithm:
wherein Rad i Is +.A i-1 A i A i+1 R is the earth radius, S is the polygon area, n is the polygon edge number;
firstly, converting the left side of a dimensional angle of a point into an arc coordinate, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
secondly, calculating the angle A i-1 A i A i+1 In A of i A i+1 The longitude and latitude unit vector (A) ix ，A iy ，A iz ) The formula is:
A ix ＝cos lai i *cos longti i
A iy ＝cos lai i *sin longti i
A iz ＝sin lai i
respectively A i-1 、A i+1 Unit vector (A) i-1x ，A i-1y ，A i-1z )、(A i+1x ，A i+1y ，A i+1z ) Next, calculate A i A i-1 Vector (A1, B1, C1), vector A i A i+1 (A2，B2，C2)
Calculating a vector A from the vectors i A i-1 Sum vector A i A i+1 Angle A of included angle i-1 A i A i+1 Is that
Then calculate
Thus, the sphere area can be estimated as:
the step of designing the optimal escape route specifically adopts a Di Jie Style algorithm:
1. initializing an n matrix w, w [ u, v ] of undirected graph connection of the road network, wherein the n matrix w, w [ u, v ] represents the length between points u, v, initializing a source point s, initializing a dist array, dist [ s ] =0, and setting other point distances to infinity;
2. finding out the point u with the smallest distance from the source point, adding the point u into a dist array, and for each point v adjacent to u, if w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ] < dist [ v ], updating dist [ v ] to w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ], wherein u is the previous node on the shortest path reaching the point v;
3. repeating the step 2 until all vertices are included in all dists;
4. and calculating the actual distance of the optimal escape route according to a road calculation formula in the three-dimensional map.
The invention has the characteristics and beneficial effects that:
according to the visual and safety management system based on the ArcGIS tailing pond, a tailing peripheral model can be designed on a browser, meanwhile, the tailing pond model and the peripheral geographic model can be displayed on an ArcGIS map, meanwhile, basic data information and data operation of the model can be displayed, a dam break effect can be dynamically simulated, a dam break range is dynamically displayed, an optimal disaster relief line is dynamically calculated, the water level and the condition of a dam body are observed in real time, and a required distance and area are obtained through a measuring tool. The system provided by the invention is simple to operate, and the visual effect is effectively combined with the database to perform visual data management on the tailing pond.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a visual and security management system technical architecture indication based on ArcGIS tailings ponds of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a visualization and security management system based on ArcGIS tailings ponds of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composition of the ArcGIS tailings pond-based visualization and security management system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention discloses a visualization and safety management system based on an ArcGIS tailing pond, which comprises the following steps:
and the basic database management of the tailing pond comprises previewing and downloading of basic information, video, pictures, files and the like.
And (5) offline loading and constructing an ArcGIS map.
Displaying small icons on the national map of all the tailing ponds, and clicking and switching specific position details of the tailing ponds.
And constructing and viewing information of a visual model based on the ArcGIS peripheral information of the tailing pond.
Dynamic demonstration of dam break effect of tailing pond based on WebGL model and ArcGIS map.
And designing an emergency rescue scheme in real time according to the peripheral information model.
ArcGIS-based straight line measurement and area function
The invention provides a visual and safe management system based on an ArcGIS (geographic information system) tailing pond, which comprises a batch data importing module, an information dynamic inquiring module, a tailing pond peripheral information model building module based on ArcGIS, a tailing pond peripheral information visual display module based on ArcGIS, an ArcGIS emergency rescue and escape route module and a WebGL dynamic display dam break effect module. The batch data import module comprises: basic information of a tailing pond is imported, basic information of an enterprise is imported, and relevant information of the tailing pond is imported, wherein the basic information of the tailing pond comprises storage of videos, pictures and files. The basic information query module comprises a tailing pond and enterprise information dynamic query. The offline loading and constructing the ArcGIS map comprises the following steps: downloading a base map of the ArcGIS basic map, releasing map services through the Arcmap, and loading the ArcGIS map offline in the system by loading the released services. The specific position details of the switching tailing pond comprise: according to longitude and latitude data in the basic information of the tailings reservoirs, the geographical position of each tailings reservoir displayed on the national map is displayed in the ArcGIS map through the conspicuous icon, and the icon is clicked to switch to a specific position of the tailings reservoir. And constructing peripheral information of tailings based on the visual model in the ArcGIS, including school villages, road networks and the like. The dam break effect representation of the tailing pond is dynamically demonstrated on an ArcGIS map based on a WebGL model: and loading a specific model of the tailing pond in a detailed position of the tailing pond by using WebGL, and simultaneously simulating a dam break model of the tailing pond by using water material and water flow in three. The design real-time scheme comprises the following steps: and designing and displaying a peripheral model of the tailing pond in the ArcGIS according to the dam break influence range and effect and designing optimal rescue information and escape routes according to an algorithm through roads, warehouses and the like.
Further, the batch data import imports information of the tailing pond, information of enterprises and the like into a database, and the information comprises basic data excel tables which are stored into the database.
Further, the information dynamic query module searches the content imported into the database in the last step through a fuzzy search method by using a query page, displays the information of the mutual dependency relationship, and can perform the operations of adding, deleting and modifying.
Furthermore, the deployment of the offline map is to take into account the problem that the map cannot be loaded under the condition of losing the network, by downloading the national ArcGIS version map, simultaneously opening ArcGIS service, releasing the required ArcGIS map through arcmap, and simultaneously performing offline deployment on the map of the position of the tailing pond (the offline map contains basic coordinate information).
Further, displaying small icons on the national map of all the tailing ponds, macroscopically displaying the tailing ponds in the range of the national map, and clicking and switching to the detail peripheral positions of the clicked tailing ponds.
Further, the ArcGIS-based visual model construction and information viewing are performed on peripheral information of the tailing pond. The method is characterized in that the dam break of the tailing pond of the final purpose brings great danger to the periphery, villages, rivers, roads, dam slopes, auxiliary dams and emergency material warehouses around the tailing pond are displayed on an ArcGIS map through a visual model, so that the periphery of the tailing pond is displayed in detail.
Further, the dam break effect of the tailing pond is dynamically demonstrated on the map based on the WebGL model and the ArcGIS. The dam-break effect is simulated on ArcGIS, and the method comprises full dam-break and half dam-break. And loading the dam body model on an ArcGIS map, and simulating the dam-break effect through the water model when the dam-break display is carried out.
Further, the emergency rescue scheme is designed in real time according to the peripheral information model. According to the dam break effect display, dam break danger disaster avoidance planning is carried out according to the visualized peripheral model. And setting an optimal route to enter a placement point according to the dam break of the village, selecting an emergency material warehouse rescue scheme and the like by a selection algorithm.
Further, the dynamic water level of the visual dam model rises, the water level is monitored in real time, the safety elevation and the like are achieved, and a visual database of the tailing pond is achieved.
The invention relates to a tailings pond data visualization system based on ArcGIS and WebGL combination, which comprises the following steps:
basic information importing and visual model importing:
basic information of the tailing pond, including subordinate engineering information, license information and the like, is input into a tailing pond file, a picture is imported into a database, and a tailing pond peripheral object model is set, for example: village and river are respectively led into village and river model to enter database.
Drawing a model:
selecting a certain tailing pond, switching to the position of the tailing pond according to the input basic information, and drawing a peripheral model according to peripheral information, for example: village inputs basic information of village, etc. Different model styles are set, examples: color, etc.
Clicking the national ArcGIS map, and displaying distribution graphs of all tailings ponds on the national map according to the longitude and latitude of the tailings pond foundation according to the specific geographic position information in the basic information of the tailings ponds. Clicking and switching to enter the tailing pond, and entering a display interface of a basic model around the tailing pond. The page is provided with a tailing pond peripheral model selection frame, and the tailing pond peripheral model is selected and displayed according to the selected model.
According to the visual model, the actual situation of the periphery of the tailing pond can be known, and the method comprises the following steps: villages, warehouses, rivers, roads, farmlands, emergency warehouses. And clicking to break the dam for demonstration, loading the tailing pond obj model at a specific position of the tailing pond, and simultaneously demonstrating the rising of the water level, so as to break the dam and simulate the actual dam break process. During the demonstration process, the water flowing wave area and the affected building (model) can be observed.
And implementing a timely rescue and disaster relief scheme according to the affected range. And according to the flooded area of the road, the flooded area of the village is used for implementing the optimal escape route according to the optimal path algorithm.
And the functions of measuring distance and area are increased, and dam slope data summary of the water level, the area and the dam slope of the dam body is realized. Monitoring the dam body to early warn the risk of dam break.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention is a schematic diagram of a technical framework of an ArcGIS-based tailing pond safety management and visualization system, wherein two ends, a client and a server are involved in the system development process, the client writes scripts through JavaScript, 3D rendering is performed by utilizing WebGL, arcGIS is used for designing functional requirements, and html5, css and vue.js are used for building a front-end page. The server uses ArcGIS service to release map and uses go language to carry out back-end operation, uses beego frame to carry out service construction, and stores data of the server into MongoDB database.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in FIG. 2, the design method based on ArcGIS tailing pond visualization comprises the following steps:
t1: basic information (including geographical location information and file storage) of the tailing pond is imported or input through an excel table, and meanwhile, the basic information also comprises companies, licenses, engineering and the like of the tailing pond.
T2: and inquiring basic data information of the tailing pond, subordinate licenses, engineering and the like through a fuzzy inquiry method.
T3: downloading ArcGIS map, and publishing map in ArcService through Arcmap
T4: and distributing position icons of the tailings ponds on the national map, clicking a 3D map of the tailings pond, clicking details to switch the data information of the tailings ponds, and clicking the visualization to switch to specific positions of the tailings ponds according to longitude and latitude coordinates of the tailings ponds. According to the peripheral geographic information of the tailing pond, such as rivers, roads, villages, ponds, hospitals, warehouses, dam slopes, disaster avoidance points and the like, the specific longitude, latitude and shape of the model are recorded at the actual position, and meanwhile, basic information data of the model are set and accessed into a MongoDB database, so that visual data management is realized.
T5: after determining the location of the model, a suitable model may be selected according to the actual style, for example, a curve of the road may be white, and the warehouse may be loaded with a suitable warehouse picture or a warehouse obj model.
T6: according to the position of the tailing pond dam, peripheral low-lying points of the tailing pond are measured through a measuring tool, and the peripheral low-lying points are collected and accessed into a database. Meanwhile, the tailings pond obj model is led into the tailings pond, and the dam break demonstration process is dynamically simulated by selecting water materials. Where measurement functions may be taken to simulate hazard ranges, etc.
T7: the visual model is selectively checked, and the loading model can be selected according to the drawn model and the specific position of the model. Meanwhile, the click model can be used for loading the model, so that the whole tailing pond periphery is visually watched. The clicking model can check the detailed information of the facility in the MongoDB database, and realize interaction with the database.
T8: and T4, generating a tailing pond road peripheral information network, and displaying the tailing pond road information. Dam break can cause serious harm to the periphery, and an optimal escape route needs to be established. In the step T4, emergency disaster avoidance points and risk points are set around the road, and in the step T6, dam break demonstration effects are displayed, and related rescue schemes are needed to be given at the same time. When the position is a risk point, the necessary emergency disaster avoidance point needs to be selected, and an optimal path planning is planned according to a path network of the tailing pond according to a shortest path Dijiestra algorithm, so that an emergency disaster avoidance route is highlighted on an ArcGIS. When the dam break range floods a certain road of the road network in the step T6, the ArcGIS removes the current road model and regenerates the optimal path.
T9: and in the step T4, a tailing pond dry beach surface (a tailing sediment beach surface from a tailing dam top to a water side line in the pond) is drawn, wherein the tailing dry beach is a tailing sediment beach surface from the dam top to the water side line with the highest flood level designed in the pond. And knowing the safety status of the tailing pond according to the height of the tailing pond dam, the running water level, the length of the dry beach and the safety limit height. On the ArcGIS map, the functions of measuring straight lines and areas are added, the safety status can be judged according to the distance between the dry beach surface and the dam tops, meanwhile, the measuring functions can be used for multiple places, the distance among villages, the areas of the villages can be used for monitoring the surrounding environment of the tailing pond in real time, and the first preparation for disaster prevention is made.
The implementation of the arcGIS-based tailing pond visualization of the invention is specifically described as follows:
(1) Downloading ArcGIS national map (or downloading peripheral base map of tailings pond with higher level), and generating map service in ArcMAP and publishing in ArcService;
(2) Importing tailings pond information data into a MongoDB database, wherein the tailings pond information comprises longitude and latitude of a tailings pond,
and positioning the tailings pond in a detailed position according to the longitude and latitude. Model construction around tailings ponds generally involves: roads, rivers, lakes, villages, farmlands, dam slopes, emergency material warehouses. For example, the model of the road can be represented by selecting a curve, the longitude and latitude coordinates are obtained by clicking points on the ArcGIS map to form a road, meanwhile, when the road is constructed, attribute values can be added to the name, width, length and the like of the road, the color of the road model can be modified, and the display characteristics such as the width and the like of the road are stored in the MongoDB database. And other models are respectively selected according to the required patterns, for example, a river can select a 'face' mode, and the emergency material warehouse can select a graphic model.
(3) The tailings pond obj model is led into the ArcGIS map, so that the ArcGIS and the WebGL are perfectly combined, and the three-dimensional effect is better. The method comprises the steps of developing by adopting three.js in WebGL, adjusting materials, selecting proper water model materials, simulating dam break demonstration on an ArcGIS map, selecting a low-lying point near a dam body through a measuring tool, selecting longitude and latitude coordinates of the point as dam break range points, storing the points in a MongoDB database, selecting refresh rate (dam break speed) to show different dam break effects, and selecting time to locate the dam break for how many seconds, so that the influence of a certain moment of dam break can be shown. And selecting a measuring tool to measure the influence area of the dam break.
(4) Selecting a certain required tailing pond on a geographical visual model page, selecting and loading all layers on an ArcGIS map, loading all models deployed in the tailing pond, and carrying out overview on the visual effect around the tailing pond, wherein the tailing pond models can be selected and checked selectively, and the clicking model can load information of a MongoDB database with the models.
(5) And selecting a certain required tailing pond on an emergency rescue scheme page, loading a road on an ArcGIS map, selecting a certain risk point, selecting a certain placement point, automatically planning an optimal path by selecting a certain placement point, and simultaneously clicking a dam break to demonstrate, wherein when the dam break affects the road, the road is damaged so as to re-plan the optimal path. The optimal path highlights the path display effect and simultaneously the optimal path distance is planned.
(6) On a visual operation page of the tailing pond, a dry beach surface model is loaded on an ArcGIS map by selecting dam heights and running water levels, different dam heights are displayed by the running water levels, and meanwhile dam break risks can be displayed through early warning when the safety is ultrahigh and exceeds a certain range. The method can be used for measuring on the ArcGIS map by workers to estimate the dam break probability, thereby effectively avoiding the dam break of the tailing pond.
The following specifically describes a calculation method of a spatial distance and a spatial area calculation method in a measurement function in the present invention:
3) The space distance calculating method comprises the following steps:
according to longitude and latitude, and the earth radius R, wherein Wa and Wb are the radians of the longitude of two given points of A, B, ja and Jb are the radians of the latitude of two points of A, B, converting the two points of A, B into three-dimensional coordinates of a sphere:
x a ＝R*cos(wa)*cos(ja)
y a ＝R*cos(wa)*sin(ja)
z a ＝R*sin(wa)
x b ＝R*cos(wb)*cos(jb)
y b ＝R*cos(wb)*sin(jb)
z b ＝R*sin(wb)
solving the three-dimensional distance of A, B and the cosine of the angle AOB (0 is the center of a circle)
AB 2 ＝2R 2 [1-cos(WA-WB)+cos(WA)*cos(WB)-cos(JA-JB)*cos(WA)*cos(WB)]
The final distance is:
4) The space deformation area calculating method comprises the following steps:
according to R 3 Sphere area calculation algorithm:
wherein Rad i Is +.A i-1 A i A i+1 R is the earth radius, S is the polygon area, and n is the polygon edge number.
Firstly, converting the left side of a dimensional angle of a point into an arc coordinate, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
secondly, calculating the angle A i-1 A i A i+1 In A of i A i+1 The longitude and latitude unit vector (A) ix ，A iy ，A iz ) The formula is:
A ix ＝cos lai i *cos longti i
A iy ＝cos lai i *sin longti i
A iz ＝sinlai i
respectively A i-1 、A i+1 Unit vector (A) i-1x ，A i-1y ，A i-1z )、(A i+1x ，A i+1y ，A i+1z ) Next, calculate A i A i-1 Vector (A1, B1, C1), vector A i A i+1 (A2，B2，C2)
Calculating a vector A from the vectors i A i-1 Sum vector A i A i+1 Angle A of included angle i-1 A i A i+1 Is that
Then calculate
Thus, the sphere area can be estimated as:
the following specifically describes the optimal route design algorithm and implementation of the emergency rescue of the present invention:
the invention takes the risk point as a starting point, and plans the optimal route according to the shortest escape route algorithm, wherein the algorithm belongs to the shortest distance of a single source and is completed by using the Di Jie St algorithm according to the fact that the end point is a safety point. The Di Jie Style algorithm thinking is that a greedy strategy is adopted, and an array dis is declared to save the shortest distance from a source point to each vertex and save a set of vertices for which the shortest path is found: t, initially, the path weight of origin s is assigned 0 (dis [ s ] =0). If there is a directly reachable side (s, m) for vertex s, then dis [ m ] is set to w (s, m), while the path length of all other vertices (which s cannot directly reach) is set to infinity. Initially, set T has only vertices s. Then, the minimum value is selected from the dis array, which is the shortest path from the source point s to the vertex to which the value corresponds, and this point is added to T, OK, when one vertex is completed, then we need to see if the newly added vertex can reach other vertices and see if the path length through this vertex to other points is shorter than the source point directly, and if so, replace the value of these vertices in dis. Then find the minimum again from dis, repeat the above-mentioned action until all vertices of the graph are contained in T.
Dijkstra algorithm flow:
1. initializing an n matrix w, w [ u, v ] of undirected graph connection of the road network, wherein the n matrix w, w [ u, v ] represents the length between points u, v, initializing a source point s, initializing a dist array, dist [ s ] =0, and setting other point distances to infinity.
2. Finding out the point u with the smallest distance from the source point, and adding the point u into the dist array. For each point v adjacent to u, if w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ] < dist [ v ], dist [ v ] is updated to w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ], and u is the previous node on the shortest path to point v.
3. And (3) repeating the step (2) until all vertices are included in all dists.
4. And calculating the actual distance of the optimal escape route according to a road calculation formula in the three-dimensional map.

Claims (2)

1. The visual and safety management system based on the ArcGIS tailings pond is characterized by comprising a batch data importing module, an information dynamic inquiring module, a peripheral information model building module based on the ArcGIS tailings pond, a tailings pond peripheral information visual display module based on the ArcGIS, a tailings pond specific position detail switching module, an ArcGIS emergency rescue and escape route module and a ArcGIS dynamic dam break effect display module; the batch data import module is used for: basic information of a tailing pond is imported, basic information of an enterprise is imported, and relevant information of the tailing pond is imported, wherein the basic information of the tailing pond comprises storage of videos, pictures and files; the information dynamic query module is used for dynamically querying the information of the tailing pond and enterprises; the ArcGIS tailing pond peripheral information model building module is used for: downloading a base map of the ArcGIS basic map, releasing map service through the Arcmap, and loading the ArcGIS map offline through loading the released service; the specific position detail module of the switching tailing pond is used for: according to longitude and latitude data in basic information of the tailing pond, the geographical position of each tailing pond is displayed on a national map in an ArcGIS map through a conspicuous icon, and the icon is clicked to be switched to a specific position of the tailing pond; the ArcGIS tailing pond peripheral information-based visual display module is used for displaying school villages and road networks; the ArcGIS-based dynamic display dam break effect module is used for: loading a specific model of the tailing pond in a detailed position of the tailing pond through WebGL, simulating a dam break model of the tailing pond through water material and water flow in three.js, and judging a dam break influence effect, wherein three.js is a 3D engine running in a browser; the ArcGIS-based emergency rescue and escape route module is used for: designing a real-time scheme, and designing and displaying a peripheral model of a tailing pond in the ArcGIS according to the dam break influence range and effect and designing optimal rescue information and escape routes through roads and warehouses;
the dam break influence range and effect are displayed, and the optimal escape route is designed to involve calculation of space distance and space area calculation, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) The space distance calculating method comprises the following steps:
according to longitude and latitude, and the earth radius R, wherein Wa and Wb are the radians of the longitude of two given points of A, B, ja and Jb are the radians of the latitude of two points of A, B, converting the two points of A, B into three-dimensional coordinates of a sphere:
x a ＝R*cos(wa)*cos(ja)
y a ＝R*cos(wa)*sin(ja)
z a ＝R*sin(wa)
x b ＝R*cos(wb)*cos(jb)
y b ＝R*cos(wb)*sin(jb)
z b ＝R*sin(wb)
solving the three-dimensional distance of A, B and the cosine of the angle AOB (O is used as the center)
AB 2 ＝2R 2 [1-cos(WA-WB)+cos(WA)*cos(WB)-cos(JA-JB)*cos(WA)*cos(WB)]
The final distance is:
2) Spatially diverse area:
according to R 3 Sphere area calculation algorithm:
wherein Rad i Is +.A i-1 A i A i+1 R is the earth radius, S is the polygon area, n is the polygon edge number;
firstly, converting the left side of a longitude and latitude angle of a point into an arc coordinate, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
secondly, calculating the angle A i-1 A i A i+1 In A of i A i+1 The longitude and latitude unit vector (A) ix ，A iy ，A iz ) The formula is:
A ix ＝coslai i *coslongti i
A iy ＝coslai i *sinlongti i
A iz ＝sinlai i
respectively A i-1 、A i+1 Unit vector (A) i-1x ，A i-1y ，A i-1z )、(A i+1x ，A i+1y ，A i+1z ) Then calculate
A i A i-1 Vector (A1, B1, C1), vector A i A i+1 (A2，B2，C2)
Calculating a vector A from the vectors i A i-1 Sum vector A i A i+1 Angle A of included angle i-1 A i A i+1 Is that
Then calculate
Thus, the sphere area can be estimated as:
the step of designing the optimal escape route specifically adopts a Di Jie Style algorithm:
1) Initializing an n matrix w, w [ u, v ] of undirected graph connection of the road network, wherein the n matrix w, w [ u, v ] represents the length between points u, v, initializing a source point s, initializing a dist array, dist [ s ] =0, and setting other point distances to infinity;
2) Finding out the point u with the smallest distance from the source point, adding the point u into a dist array, and for each point v adjacent to u, if w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ] < dist [ v ], updating dist [ v ] to w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ], wherein u is the previous node on the shortest path reaching the point v;
3) Repeating the step 2 until all vertices are included in all dists;
4) And calculating the actual distance of the optimal escape route according to a road calculation formula in the three-dimensional map.
2. A visual and safe management method based on ArcGIS tailing pond is characterized by comprising the following steps:
batch data import: basic information of a tailing pond is imported, basic information of an enterprise is imported, and relevant information of the tailing pond is imported, wherein the basic information of the tailing pond comprises storage of videos, pictures and files;
dynamically inquiring information, and dynamically inquiring information of a tailing pond and enterprises;
constructing a tailing pond peripheral information model: downloading a base map of the ArcGIS basic map, releasing map service through the Arcmap, and loading the ArcGIS map offline through loading the released service;
details of specific positions of the switching tailing pond: according to longitude and latitude data in basic information of the tailing pond, the geographical position of each tailing pond is displayed on a national map in an ArcGIS map through a conspicuous icon, and the icon is clicked to be switched to a specific position of the tailing pond;
visual display module of tailing pond peripheral information: displaying school villages and road nets;
dynamically displaying dam break effect: loading a specific model of the tailing pond in a detailed position of the tailing pond through WebGL, simulating a dam break model of the tailing pond through water material and water flow in three.js, and judging a dam break influence effect, wherein three.js is a 3D engine running in a browser;
emergency rescue and escape route design: designing a real-time scheme, and designing and displaying a peripheral model of a tailing pond in the ArcGIS according to the dam break influence range and effect and designing optimal rescue information and escape routes through roads and warehouses;
the dam break influence range and effect are displayed, and the optimal escape route is designed to involve calculation of space distance and space area calculation, and the method comprises the following specific steps:
1) The space distance calculating method comprises the following steps:
according to longitude and latitude, and the earth radius R, wherein Wa and Wb are the radians of the longitude of two given points of A, B, ja and Jb are the radians of the latitude of two points of A, B, converting the two points of A, B into three-dimensional coordinates of a sphere:
x a ＝R*cos(wa)*cos(ja)
y a ＝R*cos(wa)*sin(ja)
z a ＝R*sin(wa)
x b ＝R*cos(wb)*cos(jb)
y b ＝R*cos(wb)*sin(jb)
z b ＝R*sin(wb)
solving the three-dimensional distance of A, B and the cosine of the angle AOB (O is used as the center)
AB 2 ＝2R 2 [1-cos(WA-WB)+cos(WA)*cos(WB)-cos(JA-JB)*cos(WA)*cos(WB)]
The final distance is:
2) Spatially diverse area:
according to R 3 Sphere area calculation algorithm:
wherein Rad i Is +.A i-1 A i A i+1 R is the earth radius, S is the polygon area, n is the polygon edge number;
firstly, converting the left side of a longitude and latitude angle of a point into an arc coordinate, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
secondly, calculating the angle A i-1 A i A i+1 In A of i A i+1 The longitude and latitude unit vector (A) ix ，A iy ，A iz ) The formula is:
A ix ＝coslai i *coslongti i
A iy ＝coslai i *sinlongti i
A iz ＝sinlai i
respectively A i-1 、A i+1 Unit vector (A) i-1x ，A i-1y ，A i-1z )、(A i+1x ，A i+1y ，A i+1z ) Then calculate
A i A i-1 Vector (A1, B1, C1), vector A i A i+1 (A2，B2，C2)
Calculating a vector A from the vectors i A i-1 Sum vector A i A i+1 Angle A of included angle i-1 A i A i+1 Is that
Then calculate
Thus, the sphere area can be estimated as:
the step of designing the optimal escape route specifically adopts a Di Jie Style algorithm:
5) Initializing an n matrix w, w [ u, v ] of undirected graph connection of the road network, wherein the n matrix w, w [ u, v ] represents the length between points u, v, initializing a source point s, initializing a dist array, dist [ s ] =0, and setting other point distances to infinity;
6) Finding out the point u with the smallest distance from the source point, adding the point u into a dist array, and for each point v adjacent to u, if w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ] < dist [ v ], updating dist [ v ] to w [ u, v ] +dist [ u ], wherein u is the previous node on the shortest path reaching the point v;
7) Repeating the step 2 until all vertices are included in all dists;
8) And calculating the actual distance of the optimal escape route according to a road calculation formula in the three-dimensional map.
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CN110285856A (en) * 2019-07-10 2019-09-27 万桥信息技术有限公司 A kind of Tailings Dam monitoring and warning emergency commanding platform based on GIS-Geographic Information System
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