CN109656229B - Construction method of robot end performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network - Google Patents

Construction method of robot end performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network Download PDF

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CN109656229B
CN109656229B CN201811501005.7A CN201811501005A CN109656229B CN 109656229 B CN109656229 B CN 109656229B CN 201811501005 A CN201811501005 A CN 201811501005A CN 109656229 B CN109656229 B CN 109656229B
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王旭
吴晓
宋娇
堵俊
陈海龙
李慧
齐潇
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Hefei Minglong Electronic Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了基于GA‑RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,搭建机器人末端数据采集的轴关节采集硬件平台,将EtherCAT总线和激光跟踪仪作为末端测试的辅助工具,分别作为训练GA‑RBF网络的输入和输出数据获取的方式;通过总线实时采集各个关节的位置、速度、转矩反馈得到数据作为GA‑RBF网络的输入,激光跟踪坐标测量系统采集的末端数据作为GA‑RBF网络的输出,训练出基于GA‑RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型。本发明大大提高了轴关节伺服脉冲的采集精度,对于后续RBF网络在末端数据上预测的应用以及由轴关节数据DH模型计算末端参数精度上都有了较大的提高,高精度的数据研究更贴近实际意义。

Figure 201811501005

The invention discloses a construction method of a robot terminal performance prediction model based on a GA-RBF network. A hardware platform for axis joint acquisition of robot terminal data acquisition is constructed, and an EtherCAT bus and a laser tracker are used as auxiliary tools for terminal testing, which are respectively used as training GA- The way of acquiring the input and output data of the RBF network; the real-time acquisition of the position, speed, and torque feedback of each joint through the bus is used as the input of the GA-RBF network, and the end data collected by the laser tracking coordinate measuring system is used as the GA-RBF network. Output, train a robot end performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network. The invention greatly improves the collection accuracy of the shaft joint servo pulse, and greatly improves the application of the subsequent RBF network in the end data prediction and the calculation accuracy of the end parameters by the shaft joint data DH model, and the research on high-precision data is more efficient. close to the actual meaning.

Figure 201811501005

Description

Construction method of robot end performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network
Technical Field
The invention relates to practical engineering application of an intelligent algorithm, in particular to application of an intelligent algorithm for optimizing a radial basis function (GA-RBF) neural network (GA-RBF) based on a genetic algorithm to a robot terminal performance test.
Background
For the intense competition of the robot industry (here, mainly speaking, a six-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm) nowadays, most robot manufacturers urgently need a complete set of robot testing schemes in order to improve their own core competitiveness. Related tests of the robot also come along, and the error precision of the tail end of the robot can reflect the integral performance of the robot best, so that the tail end error precision is always a hot spot problem of the robot test. There are many factors that contribute to robot tip error: including errors caused by structural parameters, errors caused by motion variables; and inevitable random errors such as inertia, dead weight, vibration of a connecting rod and the like. In addition, there are errors caused by the external environment, especially temperature and wear problems; programming problems in the control system and control algorithm variability. The existence of various error factors inevitably influences the working precision of the robot, and correlation exists between the error factors.
The test of the robot does not form a perfect and approved test index. For example, most of domestic robot companies stay at a relatively basic level for testing robots, and external high-precision distance measuring instruments are still generally adopted, for example, a laser tracker measures and analyzes absolute positioning precision and repeated positioning precision of the robots, so that relatively systematic robot testing specifications are not formed, and relatively systematic testing steps are not formed. Meanwhile, in actual work, the precision test by using the laser tracker cannot be carried out on each robot.
In view of the above-proposed practical engineering problems, better solutions are sought. Therefore, the invention provides a robot terminal parameter calculation method based on a GA-RBF network. And obtaining an optimized RBF network according to the basic function width, the central vector and the weight vector optimized by the genetic algorithm, and realizing the prediction of the robot terminal data. The invention provides a construction method for obtaining the RBF network.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a method for constructing a terminal performance prediction model of a robot based on a GA-RBF network.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a method for constructing a terminal performance prediction model of a robot based on a GA-RBF network, which comprises the following steps:
(1) an axis joint acquisition hardware platform for acquiring data at the tail end of the robot is built, and an EtherCAT bus and a laser tracker are used as auxiliary tools for tail end test and are respectively used as input and output data acquisition modes for training a GA-RBF network;
(2) and acquiring the position, speed and torque feedback of each joint in real time through an EtherCAT bus to obtain data serving as the input of a GA-RBF network, and acquiring tail end data serving as the output of the GA-RBF network by using a laser tracking coordinate measuring system to train a robot tail end performance prediction model based on the GA-RBF network.
Further, the shaft joint acquisition hardware platform include servo driver, RC controller, demonstrator and host computer, servo driver include a plurality ofly, each servo driver one end is connected with each joint for gather position, speed, the torque data of each joint, the other end gathers to the RC controller through the EtherCAT bus, the RC controller still is connected with demonstrator and host computer.
Furthermore, the servo driver comprises a therCAT communication module.
Furthermore, the laser tracking coordinate measuring system comprises a laser tracker host, a tracking camera, an upper computer and a T-Mac sensor, wherein the laser tracker host is respectively connected with the tracking camera, the upper computer and the T-Mac sensor through communication cables, and the system is used for collecting the tail end position and the speed parameter data of the robot in real time.
Further, the T-Mac sensor is arranged in the center of an end plane of the end flange of the robot.
Further, the process of forming the robot end performance prediction model comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting sample data: selecting and analyzing according to sample data, taking at least 240 pairs of data as RBF network training samples, namely taking the positions of six axis joints acquired by an EtherCAT real-time data acquisition bus as input, correspondingly, acquiring the tail end position by a laser tracker as output, and forming tail end position parameter training sample data;
(2) normalization: all data are converted into a [0,1] interval for normalization, and the normalization method is realized by a linear conversion function, as shown in the formula:
Figure BDA0001898147060000021
in the formula: x'kIs the input value, x, of the normalized converted networkkIs the original sample data, xmax、xminRespectively the maximum value and the minimum value in the original sample data;
(3) GA (genetic algorithm) optimizes RBF network parameters: the method comprises the steps of initializing parameter setting, initial population and chromosome coding, and GA optimization program;
(4) selecting a test sample: as a verification for the established RBF model, at least 50 groups of data are selected from the previously collected training data, or at least 50 groups of data are tested in addition to be used as test data samples;
(5) reverse normalization: and (3) substituting the test sample data into the terminal data prediction model based on the RBF network obtained by training, performing inverse normalization to obtain terminal data of the predicted robot, comparing the terminal data with the terminal data of the actual robot to confirm the feasibility of the model, and retraining the RBF network according to the steps (1) to (3) when the deviation between the predicted data and the measured data is large.
Further, the genetic initialization parameter setting in the step (3) includes: the population size N is 30, the evolution generation P is 100, the cross probability Pc is 0.8, and the variation probability Pm is 0.15.
Further, the initial population and the chromosome code in the step (3) specifically include: first, according to the general formula of the number of hidden layer nodes:
Figure BDA0001898147060000031
wherein m is the number of nodes of the output layer, and n is the number of nodes of the input layer, and the structure of the network is determined; in the process of building a prediction model based on the terminal parameters of the RBF network, the pulse of the six-freedom-degree axial joint is used as an input, so that an input node n is set to be 6, the terminal position is a three-dimensional spatial position, so that an output node m is set to be 3, and a is set to be [1,10 & lt/EN & gt ]]Within the range, for rounding setting a to 3, then h to 6; the network is a 6-6-3 structure, and then the genetic RBF center vector is 6 multiplied by 6, the basis function width vector is 6 multiplied by 1, and the weight vector is 6 multiplied by 3.
Further, the GA optimization procedure in the step (3) specifically adopts a genetic algorithm to optimize RBF network parameters to obtain a most suitable basis function width vector B meeting the precision requirementpCenter vector CpAnd a weight vector Wp
Has the advantages that: the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the real-time industrial Ethernet is changed into a data acquisition bus from the traditional control bus function, so that the method is significant, the acquisition precision of the shaft joint servo pulse is greatly improved, and the high-precision data research is closer to the practical significance for the application of subsequent RBF network on the prediction of the tail end data;
2. by comparing the end parameters calculated by the DH model with the end parameters calculated by the GA-RBF neural network, it can be known that: the consistency of the end data calculated by the RBF network and the data actually measured by the laser tracker is better, and the data are more suitable for being used as the basis of subsequent index calculation;
3. the diagnosis result of the robot fault simulation experiment based on the GA-RBF network shows that the error between the test output and the expected output is small, the error probability is small, and the robot fault detection requirement can be met.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of EtherCAT axial joint parameter acquisition in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of laser tracker end parameter acquisition in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the hardware architecture of the DS5 servo driver of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of data acquisition synchronization according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the GA-RBF based end parameter prediction model acquisition process of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a common failure of the robot body according to the present invention;
fig. 7 is a fault diagnosis flow chart of fault sample data based on the RBF neural network in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following specific examples.
The invention discloses a GA-RBF network-based robot end performance test method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) an axis joint acquisition hardware platform for acquiring data at the tail end of the robot is built, and an EtherCAT bus and a laser tracker are used as auxiliary tools for tail end test and are respectively used as input and output data acquisition modes for training a GA-RBF network;
(2) and acquiring the position, speed and torque feedback of each joint in real time through an EtherCAT bus to obtain data serving as the input of a GA-RBF network, and acquiring tail end data serving as the output of the GA-RBF network by using a laser tracking coordinate measuring system to train a robot tail end performance prediction model based on the GA-RBF network.
The method for testing the terminal performance of the robot based on the GA-RBF network is specifically described as follows:
1. construction of robot tail end data acquisition hardware platform
1.1EtherCAT axial Joint data acquisition
As shown in the figures 1 and 3, the RC control driver and the DS servo driver are developed into EtherCAT master and slave stations, so that the parameters of six-axis joints of the robot can be acquired in real time, and the accuracy of the tail end test of the robot is improved. And then, reading the acquired position and speed data through an RC (remote control) controller, and finally analyzing the acquired data so as to facilitate analysis.
FIG. 1 shows, the axis joint gathers hardware platform and includes servo driver, RC controller (robot control), demonstrator and host computer, servo driver include a plurality ofly, each servo driver one end is connected with each joint for gather position, speed, the torque data of each joint, the other end gathers to the RC controller through the EtherCAT bus, the RC controller still is connected with demonstrator and host computer.
As shown in fig. 3, the servo driver includes a main controller, a rectifier module, an IPM inverter, a power module, an optical coupling isolation circuit, an EtherCAT communication module, a phase current detection, an encoder, a hall sensor, and a joint permanent magnet synchronous motor, where the input end of the main controller is connected to the phase current detection, the encoder, and the hall sensor, and both the encoder and the hall sensor are connected to the joint permanent magnet synchronous motor; the output end of the main controller is connected with an IPM inverter through an optical coupling isolation circuit, and the IPM inverter is also connected with phase current detection and a joint permanent magnet synchronous motor; the main controller is further connected with a power module and an EtherCAT communication module, and the power module is respectively connected with a direct-current switching power supply and an alternating-current power supply.
1.2 laser tracker collects robot end data
The whole process of acquiring the tail end data of the robot by the laser tracker is shown in figure 2, the laser tracking coordinate measuring system comprises a laser tracker host, a tracking camera, an upper computer and a T-Mac sensor (mechanical tracking), the laser tracker host is respectively connected with the tracking camera, the upper computer and the T-Mac sensor through communication cables, and the system is used for acquiring the tail end position and the speed parameter data of the robot in real time.
A T-Mac sensor in the laser tracking system is arranged in the center of an end plane of a robot tail end flange, and a communication cable is connected with an upper computer in a link mode, so that parameters such as tail end position and speed of the robot can be acquired.
2. Processing of data
2.1 synchronicity of data
Since sample data, i.e. the real-time acquired individual axis servo pulses and the laser tracker tip position and velocity parameters, are acquired by two different systems. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for ensuring data acquisition synchronization. Assuming that the laser tracker starts to acquire the end data at the time t1, the EtherCAT bus starts to acquire the axis joint data at the time t2, and the robot starts to move at the time t3, since the data acquired by the laser tracker and the EtherCAT before the time t3 are acquired in the static state of the robot, the data are both the start point data, and the data are invalid data in the experiment and are all discarded. The data collected after the robot starts to move are used as effective data, and the tail end or the shaft joint takes the moment when the robot starts to move as a collection starting point, so that the synchronism of the data collected by the laser tracker and the EtherCAT is ensured.
2.2 selection of data samples
The screening of the data not only ensures that intervals exist among the data, but also ensures that enough data samples exist, every 200 points in the experiment are selected as sample data, the final sample data is 480 points, and the sample data is represented by a set S:
S={x|x=Q(200k),k∈[1,480]} (1)
110 sample points on the PA trace, using the data set SPAAnd (4) showing. The test sample data is represented by set T:
T={x|x=SPA(2n),n∈[1,55]} (2)
the training samples are represented by data set E:
E=S-T (3)
3. prediction based on GA-RBF end position parameters
The invention adopts a terminal parameter prediction model based on a GA-RBF neural network to calculate the terminal parameters of the robot, and the terminal parameters of the robot comprise two parts: an end position parameter and an end velocity parameter. The RBF network-based end parameter prediction model acquisition process is shown in FIG. 5.
3.1 data samples
And selecting and analyzing according to sample data, taking 240 pairs of data as RBF network training samples, namely taking the positions of six axis joints acquired by an EtherCAT real-time data acquisition bus as input, and correspondingly, acquiring the tail end position by a laser tracker as output to form tail end position parameter training sample data.
3.2 normalization
In the experiment of the invention, in order to prevent the loss of some characteristic relations with low orders of magnitude, the original sample data must be standardized, and all data are converted into a [0,1] interval, namely, the normalization processing is carried out. The normalization method of the sample data in the experiment is realized by a linear transfer function, as shown in the formula:
Figure BDA0001898147060000051
in the formula: x'kIs a normalized conversionInput value, x, of the post-networkkIs the original sample data, xmax、xminRespectively the maximum and minimum values in the original sample data.
3.3GA optimized RBF networks
3.3.1 initialization parameter settings
Before genetic algorithm optimization, relevant initialization parameters in a program need to be set. The parameters of the genetic algorithm are adjusted by experience and continuous simulation experiments to determine appropriate values. The genetic initialization parameters are set as in table 1:
TABLE 1 genetic initialization parameter settings
Figure BDA0001898147060000061
3.3.2 initial population and chromosome coding
First, according to the general formula of the number of hidden layer nodes:
Figure BDA0001898147060000062
(m is the number of nodes of the output layer, and n is the number of nodes of the input layer) the structure of the network is determined. In the process of building a prediction model based on the end position parameters of the RBF network, the pulse of the six-freedom-degree axial joint is used as an input, so that an input node n is set to be 6, the end position is a three-dimensional space position, so that an output node m is set to be 3, and a is set to be [1,10 & lt/EN & gt ]]Within the range, for rounding, if a is 3, h is 6. The network is a 6-6-3 structure, and then the RBF center vector is inherited 6 multiplied by 6, the basis function width vector is inherited 6 multiplied by 1, and the weight vector is inherited 6 multiplied by 3.
3.3.3GA optimization program
The algorithm searches for the optimal individual by continuously calculating the fitness value of the individual, executes genetic operator operation, and continuously updates the initial parameters of the RBF network to obtain the optimized network.
And in the genetic algorithm optimizing process, the evolution times are increased, the errors are reduced, when the evolution times reach 20 times, the errors are below 0.02, the errors of the individuals are sorted, and the reciprocal is taken as the optimal fitness value.
Optimizing RBF network parameters by adopting a genetic algorithm to obtain a most adaptive basis function width vector B meeting the precision requirementpCenter vector CpAnd a weight vector Wp
3.4 test specimens
As a verification for the established RBF model, at least 50 groups of training data can be selected from the previously acquired training data, and at least 50 groups of data can be tested additionally to be used as test data samples.
3.5 reverse normalization
Test sample data is substituted into a trained terminal data prediction model based on the RBF network, and because output prediction results are normalized values and are not output actual values, in order to perform precision analysis on the predicted output of the RBF model, the output needs to be subjected to inverse normalization.
3.6 model validation
And normalizing to obtain the terminal data of the predicted robot, comparing the terminal data of the predicted robot with the terminal data of the actual robot to confirm the feasibility of the model, and retraining the RBF network according to the steps 3.1-3.5 when the deviation between the predicted data and the actual measured data is large.
4. Prediction of network terminal speed parameter based on GA-RBF
The establishment of the terminal speed prediction model based on the GA-RBF network is quite similar to that of the terminal position model. The network establishment procedure for end velocity prediction and the initial parameters of the genetic algorithm refer to the network for end position prediction, except that the RBF network structure becomes 6-6-1 since the output layer has only one node.
Robot fault diagnosis of GA-RBF neural network
The present invention is only discussed briefly to classify a single fault type. The robot is a huge system, such as a control system, a detection system, an execution system and a pneumatic system, and a plurality of parts exist under each system. Since the number of parts is large and complicated, the types of failures are also large, and a common failure of an industrial robot is shown in fig. 6.
A large amount of data of common faults of the robot are utilized, sample data of the faults are obtained after the data are screened and classified, and a general fault model of the robot based on the RBF neural network is trained, so that the fault type of the robot is judged for the robot with unqualified terminal performance indexes. The diagnostic procedure is shown in fig. 7.
After the type of the fault is set and the vector mapping between the fault and the output is good, the GA-RBF fault diagnosis is realized in a similar way to the prediction process of the end data. The method selects feedback data of each axis servo as a monitoring variable, screens a large amount of fault data from a fault database tested by a robot as sample data, sets five types of fault state data according to fault types to form five state models, and takes the deviation between a fault servo pulse and a normal operation pulse as the input of the RBF network. And 5 fault data of the robot are selected, wherein the fault data comprise waist faults, large arm faults, elbow faults, small arm faults and wrist faults, and 10 groups of data of each fault are selected, so that 50 groups of training samples are total.
When the failure neural network is designed, the diagnosis parameters are initialized to be consistent with the previous parameters, but the output dimension is changed, so that the initial value of the network structure is set to be m-5, a-2.68, the network structure of 6-6-5 is obtained, the number of central variables is 36, the width parameters are still 6, and the number of chromosomes is also unchanged. Further, the error of the target is set to 0.0001.
Comparing the tested and expected outputs, the result of the RBF diagnosis is very close to the expected output, and basically completely consistent, and the error is only 0.0023. By selecting a large amount of test sample data, the accuracy of fault classification is about 99.585%, and therefore the conclusion that the self-adaptive GA-RBF can meet the requirement for fault diagnosis of the robot body can be drawn.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (9)

1.基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:包括:1. the construction method of the robot terminal performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network, it is characterized in that: comprise: (1)搭建机器人末端数据采集的轴关节采集硬件平台,将EtherCAT总线和激光跟踪仪作为末端测试的辅助工具,分别作为训练GA-RBF网络的输入和输出数据获取的方式;(1) Build the axis joint acquisition hardware platform for data acquisition at the end of the robot, and use the EtherCAT bus and the laser tracker as auxiliary tools for the end test, respectively as the input and output data acquisition methods for training the GA-RBF network; (2)通过EtherCAT总线实时采集各个关节的位置、速度、转矩反馈得到数据作为GA-RBF网络的输入,激光跟踪坐标测量系统采集的末端数据作为GA-RBF网络的输出,训练出基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型。(2) Collect the position, speed, and torque feedback of each joint in real time through the EtherCAT bus to obtain the data as the input of the GA-RBF network, and the end data collected by the laser tracking coordinate measurement system as the output of the GA-RBF network. Robot end performance prediction model of RBF network. 2.根据权利要求1所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述的轴关节采集硬件平台包括伺服驱动器、RC控制器、示教器和上位机,所述的伺服驱动器包括多个,各伺服驱动器一端与各关节连接,用于采集各个关节的位置、速度、转矩数据,另一端通过EtherCAT总线汇总至RC控制器,所述RC控制器还连接有示教器和上位机。2. the construction method of the robot end performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shaft joint acquisition hardware platform comprises servo driver, RC controller, teaching device and host computer , the servo driver includes a plurality of servo drivers. One end of each servo driver is connected to each joint for collecting the position, speed and torque data of each joint, and the other end is aggregated to the RC controller through the EtherCAT bus. The RC controller also A teach pendant and a host computer are connected. 3.根据权利要求2所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述伺服驱动器内包括EtherCAT通讯模块。3 . The construction method of the robot terminal performance prediction model based on the GA-RBF network according to claim 2 , wherein the servo driver includes an EtherCAT communication module. 4 . 4.根据权利要求1所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述激光跟踪坐标测量系统包括激光跟踪仪主机、跟踪摄像头、上位机和T-Mac传感器,所述激光跟踪仪主机分别通过通讯线缆与跟踪摄像头、上位机、T-Mac传感器连接,该系统用于实时采集机器人的末端位置和速度参数数据。4. the construction method of the robot terminal performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described laser tracking coordinate measuring system comprises laser tracker host, tracking camera, host computer and T-Mac Sensor, the laser tracker host is connected with the tracking camera, the host computer, and the T-Mac sensor respectively through the communication cable. The system is used to collect the end position and speed parameter data of the robot in real time. 5.根据权利要求4所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述T-Mac传感器安装在机器人末端法兰的端平面中心。5. The method for constructing a robot end performance prediction model based on a GA-RBF network according to claim 4, wherein the T-Mac sensor is installed at the center of the end plane of the robot end flange. 6.根据权利要求1所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述机器人末端性能预测模型的形成过程包括如下步骤:6. the construction method of the robot end performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the formation process of described robot end performance prediction model comprises the steps: (1)样本数据的选取:根据样本数据选取分析,取至少240对数据作为RBF网络训练的样本,即将EtherCAT实时数据采集总线采集六个轴关节的位置作为输入,相对应地,激光跟踪仪采集末端位置作为输出,形成末端位置参数训练样本数据;(1) Selection of sample data: According to the selection and analysis of sample data, at least 240 pairs of data are taken as samples for RBF network training, that is, the positions of the six-axis joints collected by the EtherCAT real-time data acquisition bus are used as input. Correspondingly, the laser tracker collects The end position is used as the output to form the end position parameter training sample data; (2)归一化:将所有数据都转化到[0,1]区间内进行归一化处理,归一化方法是由线性转换函数实现的,如式:(2) Normalization: Convert all data to the [0,1] interval for normalization. The normalization method is implemented by a linear conversion function, such as the formula:
Figure FDA0003318121280000021
Figure FDA0003318121280000021
式中:x′k是归一化转换后网络的输入值,xk是原始样本数据,xmax、xmin分别是原始样本数据中的最大值和最小值;In the formula: x'k is the input value of the network after normalization and transformation, xk is the original sample data, xmax and xmin are the maximum and minimum values in the original sample data, respectively; (3)GA优化RBF网络参数:包括初始化参数设置、初始种群以及染色体编码、GA优化程序;(3) GA optimizes RBF network parameters: including initialization parameter settings, initial population and chromosome coding, and GA optimization procedures; (4)测试样本的选取:作为对所建立RBF模型的验证,在先前采集的训练数据中再选至少50组,或者另外再测试至少50组数据,作为测试数据样本;(4) Selection of test samples: as the verification to the established RBF model, select at least 50 groups in the previously collected training data, or re-test at least 50 groups of data as test data samples; (5)反归一化:将测试样本数据代入训练得到的基于RBF网络的末端数据预测模型,并且反归一化得到预测机器人末端数据,与实际机器人末端数据比较,以确认模型的可行性,在预测数据与实测数据偏差较大时,按照步骤(1)-(3)重新训练RBF网络。(5) Inverse normalization: Substitute the test sample data into the end data prediction model based on the RBF network obtained by training, and inversely normalize the predicted robot end data, and compare it with the actual robot end data to confirm the feasibility of the model. When there is a large deviation between the predicted data and the measured data, follow steps (1)-(3) to retrain the RBF network.
7.根据权利要求6所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中初始化参数设置中遗传初始化参数设置包括:种群规模N为30,进化代数P为100,交叉概率Pc为0.8,变异概率Pm为0.15。7. the construction method of the robot terminal performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step (3), in the initialization parameter setting, genetic initialization parameter setting comprises: population size N is 30 , the evolutionary algebra P is 100, the crossover probability Pc is 0.8, and the mutation probability Pm is 0.15. 8.根据权利要求6所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中初始种群以及染色体编码具体包括:首先根据隐含层节点数的一般公式:
Figure FDA0003318121280000031
其中m为输出层的节点数,n为输入层的节点数,对网络的结构进行确定;基于RBF网络的末端参数的预测模型建立过程中,六自由度轴关节的脉冲作为输入因此设置输入节点n=6,而末端位置是个三维的空间的位置,因此设置输出节点m=3、a在[1,10]范围内,为了取整设定a=3,则h=6;网络为6-6-3结构,则遗传RBF中心向量6×6,基函数宽度向量6×1,权值向量6×3。
8. the construction method of the robot end performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step (3), initial population and chromosome coding specifically comprise: first according to the number of hidden layer nodes The general formula for :
Figure FDA0003318121280000031
Among them, m is the number of nodes in the output layer, and n is the number of nodes in the input layer, which determines the structure of the network; in the process of establishing the prediction model based on the terminal parameters of the RBF network, the pulse of the six-degree-of-freedom axis joint is used as the input, so the input node is set n=6, and the end position is a three-dimensional space position, so set the output node m=3, a in the range of [1,10], set a=3 in order to round up, then h=6; the network is 6- 6-3 structure, the genetic RBF center vector is 6×6, the basis function width vector is 6×1, and the weight vector is 6×3.
9.根据权利要求6所述的基于GA-RBF网络的机器人末端性能预测模型的构建方法,其特征在于:所述步骤(3)中GA优化程序具体是采用遗传算法优化RBF网络参数,得到满足精度要求最适应的基函数宽度向量Bp,中心向量Cp,以及权值向量Wp。9. the construction method of the robot terminal performance prediction model based on GA-RBF network according to claim 6, is characterized in that: in described step (3), GA optimization program specifically adopts genetic algorithm to optimize RBF network parameter, obtains satisfying. The accuracy requires the most suitable basis function width vector Bp, center vector Cp, and weight vector Wp.
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