CN109655634A - A kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes - Google Patents
A kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655634A CN109655634A CN201811548432.0A CN201811548432A CN109655634A CN 109655634 A CN109655634 A CN 109655634A CN 201811548432 A CN201811548432 A CN 201811548432A CN 109655634 A CN109655634 A CN 109655634A
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- pump turbine
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- draft tube
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
- G01P5/26—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting optical wave
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/008—Measuring or testing arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention discloses a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes, measuring point to be checked is chosen in pump turbine draft tube, emit laser beam, the laser beam is set to be crossed to form interference fringe at the measuring point to be checked, it captures through the particle in fluid at the measuring point to be checked, the motion state of particle described in ultimate analysis obtains the velocity amplitude of the pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel；In this way, the measuring point to be checked is first set on the pump turbine, by emitting the laser beam to the pump turbine draft tube, intersect the laser beam at the measuring point to be checked, there is good coherence using laser beam, so that laser beam forms light and dark interference fringe in crosspoint, then start the pump turbine, so that the fluid passes through the fluid particles in interference fringe area by capturing when the measuring point to be checked, the motion conditions of particle in ultimate analysis fluid, to obtain the velocity amplitude of the pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to flow velocity measuring technology in a kind of turbine draft tube more particularly to a kind of pump turbine draft tubes
The detection method of interior flow velocity.
Background technique
Water power is clean energy resource, renewable, pollution-free, operating cost is low, is convenient for power peak regulation, is conducive to improve money
The comprehensive benefit of source utilization rate and economic society.In the case where earth traditional energy growing tension, countries in the world are generally preferential
Hydroelectric resource development utilizes hydraulic power potentials energetically.The hydraulic power potentials in China is abundant, and 6.76 hundred million kilowatts of theory potentiality, technology can develop appearance
4.93 hundred million kilowatts are measured, economy can be 3.78 hundred million kilowatts of development capacity.Either potential hydroenergy, or the water energy that may be developed
Resource, China all rank first in the world.But compared with developed countries, the waterpower resourses development and utilization level in China is not high.
By in September, 2004, China's hydropower installed capacity breaches 100,000,000 kilowatts of high pointes, but rate of exploitation only 24% or so, is significantly less than hair
Up to the development of exploitation level of country 50~70%.Therefore, within a quite long period, China's waterpower resourses potentiality to be exploited is huge
Greatly.The power industry in 21 century China will have a very big development, due to the requirement of environmental protection, as cleaning and can be again
The water power of the raw energy will more be taken seriously, and hydroelectric generation will have a swifter and more violent development.
Key core component --- the hydraulic turbine in power station at present, hydraulic characteristic(s) directly determine the economic effect in power station
Benefit and operation level.Therefore the efficient water turbine set of safety and stability how is designed, becomes industry development and has to the pass solved
Key problem.It is tested using VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of the draft tube flow velocity measuring technology to outlet of rotary wheel.Form the judgement of optimization design
Standard determines that the standard of the optimization design becomes the certainty of industry development.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of detection side of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes
Method, can by detect pump turbine tail water tube fluid be crossed to form by laser beam interference fringe area when, pass through bat
The amount that record passes through interference fringe area fluid is taken the photograph, and then calculates the flow velocity of fluid.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes, in pump turbine tail water
Measuring point to be checked is chosen in pipe, emits laser beam, the laser beam is made to be crossed to form interference fringe at the measuring point to be checked, is captured
By the particle in fluid at the measuring point to be checked, the motion state of particle described in ultimate analysis obtains the pump turbine
The velocity amplitude of outlet of rotary wheel.
In embodiments of the present invention, window is opened up on the pump turbine draft tube, setting focuses in the window
Lens, wherein the laser beam injects the measuring point to be checked by condenser lens convergence.
In embodiments of the present invention, the laser beam is emitted by LDV emitting laser, and the LDV emitting laser
The laser beam of transmitting is vertically injected and the mirror surface of the condenser lens.
In embodiments of the present invention, the material of the condenser lens is acrylate, and the thickness of the condenser lens is small
In 3mm.
In embodiments of the present invention, it is arranged outside the pump turbine draft tube for capturing the pump turbine tail water
Tube fluid passes through the LDV device for shooting that Doppler effect occurs when the measuring point to be checked in the laser beam.
In embodiments of the present invention, the spacing between the LDV device for shooting and the pump turbine tail water tube wall is
The pump turbine discharge diameter of runner.
In embodiments of the present invention, the angle k between the laser beam according to the optical wavelength λ of the laser beam and two beams
Pass through formula:
λ/(2sin k)=df；
Obtain the interference fringe interval d that the laser beam is crossed to form interference fringe at the measuring point to be checkedf；
Then pass through formula u againx=fd*df, obtain the speed u by fluid particles in interference fringe areax；Wherein, described
fdFor Doppler frequency shift.
In embodiments of the present invention, the uxFor axis plane velocity Vz or peripheral speed Vu.
In embodiments of the present invention, fluorescer is injected in the suction line of Xiang Suoshu pump turbine draft tube, utilizes high speed
It photographs to capture shooting by the fluorescer particle at the measuring point to be checked, and by testing and analyzing the speed between fluorescer particle
Difference is spent to be measured to the pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel speed.
In embodiments of the present invention, the detection method includes verification method, and the verification method includes:
To choosing several click-through scanning frequencies to be detected respectively under each operating condition of the pump turbine in the process of running
Degree detection, and obtain the velocity amplitude of several measuring points to be checked；
By several point positions to be checked and the velocity amplitude of several measuring points to be checked, obtain described under each operating condition
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of water flow in pump turbine draft tube；
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of water flow and the pump turbine tail water in the pump turbine draft tube that will test
Preset VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is managed to compare；
If comparing result is consistent, testing result is correct.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of detection methods of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes, in pump turbine tail
Measuring point to be checked is chosen in water pipe, is emitted laser beam, so that the laser beam is crossed to form interference fringe at the measuring point to be checked, catch
It catches through the particle at the measuring point to be checked in fluid, the motion state of particle described in ultimate analysis obtains the water pump water wheels
The velocity amplitude of machine outlet of rotary wheel；In this way, the measuring point to be checked is first arranged on the pump turbine, by the water pump water
Turbine draft tube emits the laser beam, intersects the laser beam at the measuring point to be checked, utilizes laser beam
With good coherence, so that laser beam forms light and dark interference fringe in crosspoint, then start the water pump
The hydraulic turbine, so that the fluid passes through the fluid particles in interference fringe area, ultimate analysis stream by capturing when the measuring point to be checked
The motion conditions of particle in body, to obtain the velocity amplitude of the pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is LDV of embodiment of the present invention emitting laser and LDV laser with respect to the knot that pump turbine draft tube is arranged
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of pump turbine in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is Repeatability checking table in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 1 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 2 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 3 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 4 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 5 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 6 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 7 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 11 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 8 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 9 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 13 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 10 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 14 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 11 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 15 is the LDV test result figure of pump operating condition 12 in the embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 16 be the embodiment of the present invention in pump operating condition 1 LDV test result compared with calculated result figure；
Figure 17 be the embodiment of the present invention in pump operating condition 11 LDV test result compared with calculated result figure.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of detection methods of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes, as shown in Figure 1, in water
Measuring point 2 to be checked is chosen in pump turbine draft tube 1, is emitted laser beam 5, is intersected the laser beam 5 at the measuring point 2 to be checked
Interference fringe is formed, is captured through the particle in fluid at the measuring point 2 to be checked, the motion state of particle described in ultimate analysis,
Obtain the velocity amplitude of the pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel.
Here, the pump turbine is the power-equipment of hydroenergy storage station, in embodiments of the present invention, the water pump
The hydraulic turbine is the equipment that can be bought on current existing market, and the tube wall of the pump turbine draft tube 1 transparent can fill,
And then facilitate situation about observing in the pump turbine draft tube 1.The laser beam 5 can be sent out by laser emitter
Out, the laser beam 5 can pass through the tube wall of the pump turbine draft tube 1, the laser beam 5 at least two beams, and two
Shu Suoshu laser beam 5 intersects in the pump turbine draft tube 1, since the laser beam 5 has coherence, in this way, working as
For the laser beam 5 when connecting, the crosspoint of the laser beam 5 can generate light and dark interference fringe, and the laser beam 5
Crosspoint be the measuring point to be checked 2 position, then outside the pump turbine draft tube 1 be arranged high-speed capture fill
It sets, the high-speed capture device is directed at the measuring point 2 to be checked, and captures in the pump turbine draft tube 1 for shooting
Fluid passes through state when interference fringe area.
Preferably, pass through interference item to further facilitate the fluid shot record in the pump turbine draft tube 1
Visual particle (the i.e. described particle) can be added, in this way, when shooting, passing through record in state when line area into the fluid
Visual particle in the fluid carries out so as to more convenient motion state to particle in fluid at the measuring point 2 to be checked
It captures, and then determines the speed parameter of the fluid according to the motion state of particle in the fluid.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, in embodiments of the present invention, opening up window on the pump turbine draft tube 1
3, the window 3 is interior to be arranged condenser lens 4, wherein the laser beam 5 is injected described to be checked by the condenser lens 4 convergence
Measuring point 2.
The laser beam 5 is emitted by LDV emitting laser 6, and the laser beam 5 of the LDV emitting laser 6 transmitting hangs down
Direct projection enters the mirror surface with the condenser lens 4.
The material of the condenser lens 4 is acrylate, and the thickness of the condenser lens 4 is less than 3mm.
It is arranged outside the pump turbine draft tube 1 and passes through institute for capturing fluid in the pump turbine draft tube 1
The LDV device for shooting 7 of Doppler effect occurs when stating measuring point 2 to be checked in laser beam.
Spacing between the LDV device for shooting 7 and 1 tube wall of pump turbine draft tube turns for the pump turbine
Take turns outlet diameter.
Here, the LDV emitting laser 6 and the LDV device for shooting 7 constitute Laser Doppler Velocimeter, the laser
Doppler anemometer is to be had linear special based on the real-time measuring instrument for measuring speed of moving body using laser doppler
Property and the advantages of non-cpntact measurement, and the feature that precision is high, dynamic response is fast.
When shooting, the laser beam 5 that the LDV emitting laser 6 is launched passes through the pump turbine draft tube 1
Tube wall enters at the measuring point 2 to be checked in the pump turbine draft tube 1, described in order to pass through the laser beam 5
The decaying when tube wall of pump turbine draft tube 1 is minimum, therefore the tube wall in the pump turbine draft tube 1 opens up the window
Mouth 3, and the condenser lens 4 for using material for acrylate is selected in the window 3, and adjust the condenser lens
4 thickness is less than 3mm, and finally the mirror surface by the laser beam 5 relative to the condenser lens 4 is vertically injected, thus maximum journey
Reduce the decaying of laser beam 5 on degree.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, in embodiments of the present invention, according to the optical wavelength λ and two beams of the laser beam 5
Angle k between the laser beam 5 passes through formula (1):
λ/(2sin k)=df；
Obtain the interference fringe interval d that the laser beam 5 is crossed to form interference fringe at the measuring point 2 to be checkedf；
Then pass through formula (2) u againx=fd*df, obtain the speed u by fluid particles in interference fringe areax；Wherein,
The fdFor Doppler frequency shift.
As shown in Figure 1, the uxFor axis plane velocity Vz or peripheral speed Vu.When the laser beam 5 is in the measuring point 2 to be checked
When place is crossed to form the interference fringe interval df of interference fringe, the obtained interference fringe generally with a branch of green light striped and
The spaced mode of a branch of blue light striped is constituted, wherein the interval between adjacent two beams green light striped is multiplied by Doppler frequency shift
That obtain is axis plane velocity Vz, and what the interval between adjacent two beams blue light striped was obtained multiplied by Doppler frequency shift is peripheral speed
Vu.By one-time detection, calculate separately to obtain axis plane velocity and peripheral speed.Here, the optical wavelength λ of the laser beam 5 and
Angle k between laser beam 5 described in two beams can be directly obtained, the fdFor Doppler frequency shift, the fdIt is when in fluid
When particle passes through from interference fringe area, the column scattering light wave that light intensity changes over time can be successively scattered, referred to as Doppler believes
Number.The frequency of this column light wave Strength Changes is known as Doppler frequency shift；The Doppler frequency shift can be calculated by formula.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, in embodiments of the present invention, in the suction line of Xiang Suoshu pump turbine draft tube 1
Fluorescer is injected, shooting is captured using LDV high-speed photography by the fluorescer particle at the measuring point 2 to be checked, and pass through inspection
The speed difference surveyed between analysis of fluorescence agent particle is measured the pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel speed.
Here, the fluorescer can be bought currently on the market.When in use, since the fluorescer can reflect
Light can be further improved the capture to fluid motion situation in the pump turbine draft tube 1 in this way, to improve entire
The accuracy of test.
Further, as shown in Figure 1, in embodiments of the present invention, the detection method includes verification method, the verifying
Method includes: to choose several click-through scanning frequencies to be detected respectively under the pump turbine each operating condition in the process of running
Degree detection, and obtain the velocity amplitude of several measuring points to be checked；By several point positions to be checked and it is described it is several to
The velocity amplitude of test point obtains the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of water flow in the pump turbine draft tube under each operating condition；It will test to obtain
The pump turbine draft tube in water flow VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION and the preset VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of pump turbine draft tube into
Row comparison；If comparing result is consistent, testing result is correct.
Here, tested model turbine structure as shown in Fig. 2, model include draft tube 1, runner, movable guide vane 11,
5 flow passage components compositions such as fixed guide vane 12 and spiral case.Runner is made of 9 blades, outlet diameter 513mm.Fixed guide vane
12 and movable guide vane 11 number all be 20, guide vane height 57.2mm, model rotation speed be 1100rpm.
LDV emitting laser 6 and LDV device for shooting 7 are set.As shown in Figure 1, the LDV emitting laser 6 is arranged described
Outside draft tube 1, and require the transmitting laser of LDV emitting laser 6 vertical with test wall surface, draft tube 1 tests wall surface window 3
Using acrylate material, thickness is no more than 3mm, and the position of LDV device for shooting 7 is arranged apart from 1 times of D of outlet of rotary wheel2(i.e. institute
State pump turbine discharge diameter of runner) where the draft tube 1 on position, utilize high-speed photography (i.e. LDV device for shooting 7)
Image is shot.
Point to be detected is chosen to the multiple operating conditions of the pump turbine in the process of running respectively and carries out velocity test, is surveyed
The operating point of examination is as shown in Tables 1 and 2.The pump turbine working condition tests point is 10, wherein 1~5 is right under rated head
The operating point answered, 6~10 be the corresponding head of the absolute optimum point of hydraulic turbine condition.The operating point chosen under each head is not
With the operating point of percentage power output.What pump operating condition was chosen is the work where operating point 11 and minimum lift where highest lift
Condition point 12.
1 hydraulic turbine condition operating condition of test point of table
2 pump operating condition operating condition of test point of table
Wherein, discharge coefficientWith head coefficient Ψ's is defined as:
Specific discharge Q in table11With unit speed n11Is defined as:
In formula, D is discharge diameter of runner, and Q is flow, and ρ is density, and g is acceleration of gravity.
The parameter values of pump turbine at runtime are determined by above-mentioned formula (3), (4), (5), (6), thus
It determines and chooses different operating conditions.
In order to guarantee the accuracy of test, test speed must satisfy certain error range, and error is less than ± 1%.Examination
Before testing beginning, for the independence of check test result, 10 axial velocity Vz is acquired to same operating point and have carried out repeatability
It examines.The error analysis of inspection is as shown in Figure 3.
Wherein, the formula that the inspection of repeated R uses:
Test method according to an embodiment of the present invention obtain test data such as Fig. 4 of 10 operating points of hydraulic turbine condition~
Shown in 13, the speed of test is mainly axis plane velocity Vz and peripheral speed Vu.Position at tail water tube hub is set as 0, tail water
Position at the tube wall of pipe is 1.When unit is run under rated head, by formula (1) and (2) in rated head operating point 1
It is distributed to the corresponding axis plane velocity of operating point 4 and peripheral speed, goes out as also shown in e.g. figs. 4-7, for axis plane velocity distribution, lean on
The peripheral speed of nearly tail water tube hub is higher than the peripheral speed close to tube wall.For peripheral speed distribution, peripheral speed is being leaned on
The center of nearly draft tube is positive, and is negative close to tube wall speed, this is consistent with the design feature of the hydraulic turbine, control that can be relatively good
Draft tube pressure pulsation amplitude processed.It is the operating point in range of operation that operating point 1, which arrives operating point 4, so from the point of view of VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION,
VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION is very regular, does not have biggish recirculating zone to occur in outlet of rotary wheel.However comparison operating point 5, i.e., as illustrated in FIG. 8
, it can be found that the speed deviateing operating condition area, in the axis plane velocity value very little close to tail water tube hub, at side wall
It is worth very big.VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION experienced from the reverse reflux of draft tube to the forward flow of side wall.Velocity Step Technique in draft tube is very
Acutely.It will lead to and generate very strong draft tube vortex rope, cause strong pressure fluctuation.It is different negative under the corresponding head of optimum operating condition
The operating point VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION in lotus section from operating point 6 to 10, the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of operating point 7~10 be also to have reacted water wheels well
Machine design requirement.But operating point 6 is due to the lower limit close to range of operation, so fluidized―bed furnace and unreasonable.
Such as Figure 14~15, pump operating condition is in minimum 11 (close to optimum point) peripheral speed of lift operating point and axis plane velocity point
Cloth very flat even, the relatively good flow regime for having reacted optimum point, but the fluidized―bed furnace in highest lift point is very poor.Institute
Occurs the step phenomenon from negative value to positive value again with VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION.
In conclusion being detected in hydraulic turbine engineering design to the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of outlet of rotary wheel, the speed of design
Distribution and test speed (i.e. preset speed) distribution is compared, it is alternatively that the criterion of hydraulic turbine scheme, as Figure 16~
Shown by 17, the measuring technology in the embodiment of the present invention is suitable for the upright model hydraulic turbine and carries out velocity test.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that above-mentioned preferred embodiment is not construed as pair
Limitation of the invention, protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the scope defined by the claims..For the art
For those of ordinary skill, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can also be made, these change
It also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention into retouching.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes, which is characterized in that in pump turbine draft tube (1)
It chooses measuring point to be checked (2), emits laser beam (5), the laser beam (5) is made to be crossed to form interference at the measuring point (2) to be checked
Striped, captures the particle passed through at the measuring point (2) to be checked in fluid, and the motion state of particle described in ultimate analysis obtains institute
State the velocity amplitude of pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel.
2. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in institute
It states and is opened up on pump turbine draft tube (1) window (3), condenser lens (4) are set in the window (3), wherein the laser
Beam (5) injects the measuring point (2) to be checked by the condenser lens (4) convergence.
3. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
Laser beam (5) is emitted by LDV emitting laser (6), and the laser beam (5) of the LDV emitting laser (6) transmitting is vertically penetrated
Enter the mirror surface with the condenser lens (4).
4. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
The material of condenser lens (4) is acrylate, and the thickness of the condenser lens (4) is less than 3mm.
5. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Pump turbine draft tube (1) is arranged outside for capturing the interior fluid of the pump turbine draft tube (1) by described to be detected
The LDV device for shooting (7) of Doppler effect occurs when point (2) in laser beam.
6. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
Spacing between LDV device for shooting (7) and the pump turbine draft tube (1) tube wall is that the pump turbine outlet of rotary wheel is straight
Diameter.
7. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to
Angle k between laser beam (5) described in the optical wavelength λ and two beams of the laser beam (5) passes through formula:
λ/(2sin k)=df；
Obtain the interference fringe interval d that the laser beam (5) is crossed to form interference fringe at the measuring point (2) to be checkedf；
Then pass through formula u againx=fd*df, obtain the speed u by fluid particles in interference fringe areax；Wherein, the fdFor
Doppler frequency shift.
8. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described
uxFor axis plane velocity Vz or peripheral speed Vu.
9. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states in the suction line of pump turbine draft tube (1) and injects fluorescer, captured and shot by described to be checked using high-speed photography
Fluorescer particle at measuring point (2), and by testing and analyzing the speed difference between fluorescer particle come to the pump turbine
Outlet of rotary wheel speed is measured.
10. a kind of detection method of pump turbine tail water velocity in pipes according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating detection method includes verification method, and the verification method includes:
It is examined to several click-through scanning frequency degree to be detected are chosen under each operating condition of the pump turbine in the process of running respectively
It surveys, and obtains the velocity amplitude of several measuring points to be checked；
By several point positions to be checked and the velocity amplitude of several measuring points to be checked, the water pump under each operating condition is obtained
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of water flow in turbine draft tube；
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of water flow and the pump turbine draft tube are pre- in the pump turbine draft tube that will test
If VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION compare；
If comparing result is consistent, testing result is correct.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111693730A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2020-09-22 | 德州尧鼎光电科技有限公司 | Photoelectric current meter for near-wall flow velocity measurement and velocity measurement method |
| CN112083191A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-12-15 | 河海大学 | Flow velocity measuring device and method applied to pressure pipeline |
| CN112305257A (en) * | 2019-07-29 | 2021-02-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Natural gas speed measuring device |
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