CN109655225A - A kind of adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand and test method for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling - Google Patents
A kind of adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand and test method for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655225A CN109655225A CN201910084420.5A CN201910084420A CN109655225A CN 109655225 A CN109655225 A CN 109655225A CN 201910084420 A CN201910084420 A CN 201910084420A CN 109655225 A CN109655225 A CN 109655225A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
- G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
- G01M9/04—Details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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- Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of adjustable wind-tunnel testing stands for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling, comprising: test table top is detachably secured on floor；Axially directed bar is detachably supported on the test table top；Four adjusting brackets, are set on the guide rod, and can slide along the guide rod, and the adjusting bracket supports four wheels respectively；Adjusting gear rack is arranged in the adjusting bracket side；Driving motor is detachably secured on the test table top；Adjusting tooth is set in the driving motor output shaft, and is engaged with the adjusting gear rack；Lateral adjustments bar, it is arranged between the adjusting bracket, the distance between and the adjusting bracket can be adjusted, the present invention has Wheel space adjusting device and wheelbase regulating device, wheelbase and wheelspan can be adjusted, suitable for different automobile types and operating condition, a kind of adjustable wind tunnel test methods for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling are also disclosed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to automobile wind tunnel test fields, and in particular to a kind of for the adjustable of car model fluid structurecoupling test
Formula wind tunnel test platform and test method.
Background technique
With the rapid development of auto industry, the high speed aspect of vehicle, most of vehicle in the market has than before
It greatly improves；In terms of vehicle lightweight, major automobile vendor is related to the weight-loss ratio of vehicle 10% or more.The raising of speed
Decline with car weight causes the interaction phenomenon of wind and car body to become increasingly conspicuous, and seriously affects vehicle run stability.In reality
In the case of, vehicle driving inevitably will receive the influence of ambient wind, especially in extreme crosswind, act on the gas of vehicle
Power and pneumatic square can sharply increase, and influence driving safety.In addition, crosswind and vehicle are not mutually indepedent between the two, but
It intercouples, it is interactional.The variation in vehicle flow field may cause the variation of flow field forces, and under flow field forces effect, vehicle
Operation posture may change, and then the variation in flow field may cause the variation of flow field forces, running attitude and sky
The mutual feedback effect of airflow field will make air-Vehicular system be in specific coupled vibrations form.Fluid structurecoupling problem is being studied,
When such as vehicle driving cross-wind stability, in addition to the vehicle wind exciting characteristic to different operating conditions is emulated and carries out vehicle mode point
Analysis obtains and vehicle Transient Aerodynamic characteristic and probes into ambient airflow field structure, will also by wind-tunnel technique to test model into
The test of row fluid structurecoupling obtains aerodynamic loading of the test vehicle model under different wind friction velocities, the Parameters variations such as vibration characteristics rule
Rule.Domestic existing fluid structurecoupling test platform is generally directed to underground engineering, such as application number of invention patent 201310138832.5
And architecture construction field lacks such as application number of invention patent 201621307428.1 suitable for fluid structurecoupling automotive model wind tunnel
The test platform of test.
Summary of the invention
The present invention has designed and developed the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling, has wheelspan tune
Regulating device and wheelbase regulating device can adjust wheelbase and wheelspan, be suitable for different automobile types and operating condition.
The present invention also provides a kind of adjustable wind tunnel test methods for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling, provide bullet
Spring rigidity and charge oil pressure calculation formula can accurately adjust car model suspension parameter characteristic, improve fluid structurecoupling test accuracy.
Technical solution provided by the invention are as follows:
A kind of adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling, comprising:
Table top is tested, is detachably secured on floor；
Axially directed bar is detachably supported on the test table top；
Four adjusting brackets, are set on the guide rod, and can slide along the guide rod, the adjusting bracket
Four wheels are supported respectively；
Adjusting gear rack is arranged in the adjusting bracket side；
Driving motor is detachably secured on the test table top；
Adjusting tooth is set in the driving motor output shaft, and is engaged with the adjusting gear rack；
Lateral adjustments bar is arranged between the adjusting bracket, and the distance between can adjust the adjusting bracket.
Preferably, the adjusting bracket includes:
Support base；
Adjustable rigidity spring is arranged between the support base and the test table top；
Adjustable damping element is arranged between the support base and the test table top.
Preferably, the lateral adjustments bar includes:
First guide rod, surface have multiple first threaded holes；
Second guide rod is set on first guide rod, and can be slided along first guide rod, and described
Two guide rod one end have the second threaded hole；
Bolt passes through second threaded hole, and is fixed in first threaded hole.
Preferably, the adjustable rigidity spring includes:
First spring base；
First hollow deformed section spring is resiliently supported on first spring base, and described first hollow deformed section
Diaphragm flexures section is on-circular cross-section, and has cavity, and the cavity is provided with high pressure oil；
Second spring seat is arranged in parallel with first spring base；
Second hollow deformed section spring is resiliently supported on the second spring seat, and described second hollow deformed section
Diaphragm flexures section is on-circular cross-section, and has cavity, and the cavity is provided with high pressure oil；
Elastic portion, setting the first hollow deformed section spring and the second hollow deformed section spring it
Between.
Preferably, further includes:
First Transition connector, one end connect the first hollow deformed section spring, other end connected pipes；
Second excessive connector, one end connect the second hollow deformed section spring, other end connected pipes；
Nut is set in the middle part of the transit joint.
Preferably, further includes:
Sealing element is arranged between the transit joint and the nut.
Preferably, the elastic portion is compressed spring or extension spring or torsionspring.
Preferably, hollow deformed section spring section is ellipse, or oblate or rectangle.
A kind of adjustable wind tunnel test methods for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling, comprising: by adjusting for oil pressure
Power adjusts the rigidity of spring to change the cross sectional shape of camber of spring part, wherein the spring rate calculation formula are as follows:
K=0.396 (k1+2k2)[0.0024t2+0.996t+0.645]·exp[0.0068(π·t-2.357)]
Wherein,
G1For the elasticity modulus of elastic portion material, k1
The spring rate of elastic portion, k2For the spring rate of hollow deformed section spring, D is mean diameter of coil, n1For elastic portion
Number of active coils, a spring section major semiaxis length, b are spring section semi-minor axis length, δ1For the wall thickness of elastic portion spring, n2For sky
Core profiled-cross-section active spring coils number, δ2For the wall thickness of hollow deformed section spring, t is the antitorque coefficient of elastic portion.
Preferably, the charge oil pressure calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,P is charge oil pressure, δ2For the wall thickness of hollow deformed section spring,
ζmaxPermitted to answer pulling force, μ for spring maximumHFor coefficient of region, n2For hollow deformed section active spring coils number, KAFor coefficient of utilization,
k2For the spring rate of hollow deformed section spring.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
The present invention builds fluid structure interaction mode wind tunnel test rack and can be greatly lowered in wind tunnel test due to supporting cruelly
It is exposed at the interference of stream field quality in flow field and reduces test noise, create more comfortable experimental enviroment for experimenter.Using axis
Away from wheelspan self-checking device, can satisfy the requirement of different vehicle model, it is time saving and energy saving to automatically adjust, and greatly improves effect
Rate.Innovatively simulated to the full extent not using suspension alternative system using adjustable damping element and adjustable rigidity element
With the suspension parameter characteristic of vehicle, the precision for fluid structure interaction mode wind tunnel test provides guarantee.This test platform has good
Adaptability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of the present invention for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling
Figure.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of axial-adjustment unit of the present invention and lateral adjustment device.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of lateral adjustments bar of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of adjusting bracket of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of adjustable rigidity spring of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, to enable those skilled in the art referring to specification text
Word can be implemented accordingly.
As shown in Figure 1, including: provided by the present invention for the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test
Test table top 100, axial-adjustment unit 200, lateral adjustment device 300 and rigidity adjuster 400.
Test table top 100 is mounted on test chamber floor and covers in balance support, axial-adjustment unit 200 and cross
It is separately mounted to the bottom and inside that balance supports to regulating device 300, is adjusted between auto model axial spacing and transverse direction respectively
Away from the auto model to adapt to different wheelbase wheelspans, suspension alternative system is mounted between test-bed and auto model, adjustable
Rigidity elastic element and adjustable damping element adjust suspension alternative system rigidity and damping respectively, and it is special to provide different suspensions with this
Property parameter.
Test-bed 100 primarily serves support test table top, shrouds balance support, and provide enough intensity and toughnesses.Examination
It tests rack to be fixed on test chamber floor by fixed device, arranges energy absorption device, between floor and rack to reach
Reduce interference of the rack vibration to test, and guarantees the effect of noise reduction.
As shown in Fig. 2, axial-adjustment unit 200 includes axially directed bar 210, four adjusting brackets 220, adjusting gear rack
230 and driving motor 240.Wherein, axially directed bar 210 is detachably supported on test table top 100；Four adjusting brackets 220
It is set on guide rod 210, and can be slided along guide rod 210, adjusting bracket 220 supports four wheels respectively；Adjusting gear rack
230 are detachably secured to the side of adjusting bracket 220 by bolt；Driving motor 240 is detachably secured to test table top 100
On；Adjusting tooth 241 is set on 240 output shaft of driving motor, and engages with adjusting gear rack 230.As a preference, axial
Regulating device 200 further includes the wheelbase displacement sensor being fixed on test-bed, before the test, by current real-time wheelbase
In from sensor passes to controller, controller reads real-time wheelbase L1If model wheelbase is L, if L > L1, then controller drives
Dynamic motor rotates forward, and rack and pinion drive is connected by deceleration torsion increasing device with driving motor output end, to reach
Change the purpose of wheelbase.In above situation, the distance for needing to increase is L-L1, when being adjusted to L=L1When, driving motor stops work
Make.If L < L1, then controller driving motor rotates backward, and reduces current axis away from being adjusted to L=L1, driving motor stops working.
As shown in Figure 2,3, lateral adjustments bar 300 is arranged between adjusting bracket 220, and can adjust between adjusting bracket
Distance, lateral adjustment device 300 include the first guide rod 310, the second guide rod 320 and bolt 330.First guide rod 310
Surface has multiple first threaded holes；It is set on the first guide rod 310 second guide rod 320, and can be along the first guiding
Bar 310 slides, and 320 one end of the second guide rod has the second threaded hole；Bolt 330 passes through the second threaded hole, and is fixed on first
Threaded hole.Lateral adjustments bar is supported by fixed column 340, is had fixation hole in fixed column 340, can be detachably secured to test
In array threaded hole on table top 100.Lateral adjustments bar 300 is arranged in balance support inside and indicates scale and test chamber
Center line is symmetrical, and wheel supporting block can be slided along sliding rail, tests the preparation stage, with according to auto model wheelspan L2, by each wheel
Supporting block is moved at L2/2 and with mechanical locking arrangement locking, completes wheelspan fast setting.
As shown in figure 4, adjusting bracket 400 includes: support base 410, adjustable rigidity spring 420 and adjustable damping element 430.
Suspension replacement device is made of adjustable rigidity elastic element and adjustable damping element.Adjustable rigidity spring 420 is arranged in support base
Between 410 and test table top 100；The setting of adjustable damping element 430 is between support base 410 and test table top 100.
As shown in figure 5, adjustable rigidity elastic element uses hollow rigidity-adjustable helical spring, adjustable rigidity spring 420 is wrapped
It includes: the first spring base 410, the first hollow deformed section spring 420, second spring seat 430, the second hollow deformed section spring
440 and elastic portion 450；First hollow deformed section spring 420 is resiliently supported on the first spring base 410, and first is hollow deformed
420 section of section spring be on-circular cross-section, and have cavity, cavity have be equipped with high pressure oil；Second spring seat 430 and first
Spring base 410 is arranged in parallel；Second hollow deformed section spring 440 is resiliently supported on second spring seat 430, and the second hollow is different
Spring 440 section in type section is on-circular cross-section, and has cavity, and cavity, which has, is equipped with high pressure oil；Its setting of elastic portion 450 is the
Between one hollow deformed section spring 420 and the second hollow deformed section spring 440.
In another embodiment, 460 one end of transit joint connects core profiled-cross-section spring, other end connected pipes；Spiral shell
Mother 480 is set in 460 middle part of transit joint.Sealing element is arranged between transit joint 460 and nut 480.It can when needing
The rigidity of spring is adjusted by adjusting charge oil pressure to change the cross sectional shape of camber of spring part.
In another embodiment, elastic portion is compressed spring or extension spring or torsionspring.Hollow deformed section bullet
Spring section is ellipse, or oblate or rectangle.Adjustable damping element is MR damper, and adjustable damping device uses one
Kind MR damper, working solution of this damper using this novel intellectual material of magnetic rheological body as damper, and hindering
Electromagnetic coil is wound on the cylinder body of Buddhist nun's device, the magnetic fields that coil generates pass through control solenoid current in magnetorheological fluid
Size is realized to change the viscosity of magnetic rheological body and damps adjustable purpose in the test preparation stage, need to carry out adjustable damper
Calibration, and the damping value according to needed for test vehicle model adjusts damper damping value.
A kind of adjustable wind tunnel test methods for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling, comprising: by adjusting for oil pressure
Power adjusts the rigidity of spring to change the cross sectional shape of camber of spring part, wherein spring rate calculation formula are as follows:
K=0.396 (k1+2k2)[0.0024t2+0.996t+0.645]·exp[0.0068(π·t-2.357)]
Wherein,
G1For the elasticity modulus of elastic portion material, k1
The spring rate of elastic portion, k2For the spring rate of hollow deformed section spring, D is mean diameter of coil, n1For elastic portion
Number of active coils, a spring section major semiaxis length, b are spring section semi-minor axis length, δ1For the wall thickness of elastic portion spring, n2For sky
Core profiled-cross-section active spring coils number, δ2For the wall thickness of hollow deformed section spring, t is the antitorque coefficient of elastic portion, numerical value
It is 1.35.
Charge oil pressure calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,P is charge oil pressure, δ2For the wall thickness of hollow deformed section spring,
ζmaxPermitted to answer pulling force, μ for spring maximumHFor coefficient of region, numerical value 0.658, n2For hollow deformed section active spring coils number,
KAFor coefficient of utilization, numerical value 2.452, k2For the spring rate of hollow deformed section spring.
Test platform is mounted on test chamber floor and covers in balance support, wheelbase and wheelspan self-checking device
It is separately mounted to the bottom and inside of balance support, it is not coaxial to adapt to adjust auto model axial spacing and horizontal spacing respectively
Auto model away from wheelspan.Suspension alternative system is mounted between test-bed and auto model, adjustable rigidity elastic element and
Adjustable damping element adjusts suspension alternative system rigidity respectively and damping provides different suspension performance parameters with this.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, but its is not only in the description and the implementation listed
With it can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention, for those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification, therefore without departing from the general concept defined in the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is simultaneously unlimited
In specific details and legend shown and described herein.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling characterized by comprising
Table top is tested, is detachably secured on floor；
Axially directed bar is detachably supported on the test table top；
Four adjusting brackets, are set on the guide rod, and can slide along the guide rod, the adjusting bracket difference
Support four wheels；
Adjusting gear rack is arranged in the adjusting bracket side；
Driving motor is detachably secured on the test table top；
Adjusting tooth is set in the driving motor output shaft, and is engaged with the adjusting gear rack；
Lateral adjustments bar is arranged between the adjusting bracket, and the distance between can adjust the adjusting bracket.
2. the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating adjusting bracket includes:
Support base；
Adjustable rigidity spring is arranged between the support base and the test table top；
Adjustable damping element is arranged between the support base and the test table top.
3. the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating lateral adjustments bar includes:
First guide rod, surface have multiple first threaded holes；
Second guide rod is set on first guide rod, and can be slided along first guide rod, and described second leads
There is the second threaded hole to bar one end；
Bolt passes through second threaded hole, and is fixed in first threaded hole.
4. the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Stating adjustable rigidity spring includes:
First spring base；
First hollow deformed section spring is resiliently supported on first spring base, the first hollow deformed section bullet
Spring section is on-circular cross-section, and has cavity, and the cavity is provided with high pressure oil；
Second spring seat is arranged in parallel with first spring base；
Second hollow deformed section spring is resiliently supported on the second spring seat, the second hollow deformed section bullet
Spring section is on-circular cross-section, and has cavity, and the cavity is provided with high pressure oil；
Elastic portion is arranged between the first hollow deformed section spring and the second hollow deformed section spring.
5. the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test according to claim 4, which is characterized in that also
Include:
First Transition connector, one end connect the first hollow deformed section spring, other end connected pipes；
Second excessive connector, one end connect the second hollow deformed section spring, other end connected pipes；
Nut is set in the middle part of the transit joint.
6. the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test according to claim 5, which is characterized in that also
Include:
Sealing element is arranged between the transit joint and the nut.
7. the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test according to claim 4, which is characterized in that institute
Stating elastic portion is compressed spring or extension spring or torsionspring.
8. the adjustable wind-tunnel testing stand of car model fluid structurecoupling test according to claim 7, which is characterized in that institute
Hollow deformed section spring section is stated as ellipse, or oblate or rectangle.
9. a kind of adjustable wind tunnel test methods for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling characterized by comprising pass through tune
Whole charge oil pressure adjusts the rigidity of spring to change the cross sectional shape of camber of spring part, wherein the spring rate calculates
Formula are as follows:
K=0.396 (k1+2k2)[0.0024t2+0.996t+0.645]·exp[0.0068(π·t-2.357)]
Wherein,
G1For the elasticity modulus of elastic portion material, k1Elasticity
The spring rate in portion, k2For the spring rate of hollow deformed section spring, D is mean diameter of coil, n1It is effective for elastic portion
Number, a spring section major semiaxis length are enclosed, b is spring section semi-minor axis length, δ1For the wall thickness of elastic portion spring, n2It is different for hollow
Type section active spring coils number, δ2For the wall thickness of hollow deformed section spring, t is the antitorque coefficient of elastic portion.
10. the adjustable wind tunnel test methods according to claim 9 for the test of car model fluid structurecoupling, feature
It is, the charge oil pressure calculation formula are as follows:
Wherein,P is charge oil pressure, δ2For the wall thickness of hollow deformed section spring, ζmaxFor
Spring maximum is permitted to answer pulling force, μHFor coefficient of region, n2For hollow deformed section active spring coils number, KAFor coefficient of utilization, k2For sky
The spring rate of core profiled-cross-section spring.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110031180A (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2019-07-19 | 吉林大学 | A kind of wheelbase can automatic adjustable two-purpose car wind tunnel test platform and its control method |
| CN112098041A (en) * | 2020-08-18 | 2020-12-18 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rigidity adjusting device of wing low-speed flutter wind tunnel test model |
| CN112938369A (en) * | 2021-02-25 | 2021-06-11 | 机械工业第九设计研究院有限公司 | Assembling and adjusting tool for automobile production line |
| CN113588207A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic control constraint damping system for vibration suppression of wind tunnel tail boom model |
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