CN109654124B - Active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing - Google Patents

Active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing Download PDF

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CN109654124B
CN109654124B CN201811555638.6A CN201811555638A CN109654124B CN 109654124 B CN109654124 B CN 109654124B CN 201811555638 A CN201811555638 A CN 201811555638A CN 109654124 B CN109654124 B CN 109654124B
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water
bearing
bushing
inner bushing
end surface
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CN109654124A (en
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叶峰
王杰
郇彦
崔洋
杨小牛
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Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
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Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry of CAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
    • F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing, and belongs to the technical field of water-lubricated bearings. The technical problems that in the prior art, the effect of discharging silt of a water lubrication bearing is poor, and the cooling water in the water guide groove needs to maintain the fluidity by means of an external water pump, so that the shafting structure is complex and difficult to maintain are solved. The water-lubricated bearing comprises an inner bushing and an outer bushing sleeved outside the inner bushing, wherein a plurality of water guide grooves are formed in the inner wall of the inner bushing, two ends of each water guide groove are respectively located on the front end face and the rear end face of the inner bushing, the depth of each water guide groove is fixed, the width of each water guide groove is linearly and gradually reduced along the front end face and the rear end face, the middle points of the bottom edges of rectangles formed by all radial sections of each water guide groove are connected, and the bearing is in a spiral line with the bearing shaft as a central shaft and the thread pitch gradually increased in the axial direction of. This water lubricated bearing can realize that active anhydrous pump arranges silt, and arranges silt speed height, bearing capacity and wear resistance are strong.

Description

Active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water lubricated bearings, and particularly relates to an active silt-discharging water lubricated bearing.
Background
With the development of the ship industry, the problem of water pollution caused by the leakage of the lubricating medium of the oil-lubricated bearing in the running process is becoming more serious, and the water-lubricated bearing using water as the lubricating medium gradually shows the trend of replacing the oil-lubricated bearing. The inner wall of the water lubricated bearing is usually machined with water guide grooves parallel to the axial direction. The groove structure has certain accommodation effect on silt and abrasive dust in the water body, under the pressurization of an external water pump, directional water flow is formed inside the groove, and foreign matters such as silt and abrasive dust are discharged while friction heat between the stern shaft and the bearing is taken away.
However, on one hand, the existing water-lubricated bearing needs to provide groove water guide power by means of pressurization of an external water pump, so that the complexity and the maintenance difficulty of a shafting mechanism are increased; on the other hand, because the mounting gap exists between the stern shaft and the bearing, the flow speed of the water flow in the groove is reduced at the tail end of the stern shaft along the axial direction, and the discharge process of silt and abrasive dust is not facilitated. The tail end of the screw shaft is just the open end of the bearing which is directly communicated with the external water body and is the position where silt is involved and foreign matter deposition probability is highest.
In addition, the traditional water lubricated bearing is limited by load intensity, and a water guide groove needs to be prevented from being processed at a bearing position where the inner wall of the water lubricated bearing is in contact with a stern shaft, so that the number of the water guide groove is further limited, and the silt removing difficulty of the position is increased. However, the contact stress of the actual bearing is not uniformly distributed along the axial direction when the bearing supports the stern shaft, and the size and the shape of the water guide groove of the traditional water lubrication bearing are uniformly and uniformly maintained along the axial direction, so that the water guide groove cannot be optimally distributed according to the bearing stress state, and the silt discharge performance of the water lubrication bearing is also limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing, which aims to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the silt-discharging effect of a water-lubricated bearing is poor, and cooling water in a water guide groove needs to maintain the fluidity by an external water pump, so that the shafting structure is complex and difficult to maintain.
The invention discloses an active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing, which comprises an outer bushing and an inner bushing; the outer bushing and the inner bushing are both cylindrical and have openings at the front end and the rear end, the inner diameter of the outer bushing is matched with the outer diameter of the inner bushing, the outer bushing is sleeved on the outer side of the inner bushing, the front end and the rear end of the outer bushing are aligned, and the inner wall of the outer bushing is fixedly adhered to the outer wall of the inner bushing;
the inner wall of the inner bushing is provided with a water chute, two ends of the water chute are respectively positioned on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the inner bushing, the depth of the water chute is fixed, the width of the water chute is gradually reduced linearly from the front end surface of the inner bushing to the rear end surface of the inner bushing, the connecting line of the bottom edge midpoints of the graphs formed by all radial sections of the water chute is a spiral line with gradually increased pitch taking the bearing shaft as a central shaft in the axial direction of the bearing;
the number of the water guide grooves is one or more, and when the number of the water guide grooves is multiple, the ports of the water guide grooves on the same end face are uniformly distributed.
Further, the material of the outer lining is metal; further, the material of the outer lining is copper or steel.
Further, the inner lining is made of a high polymer material; further, the material of the inner lining is rubber, polyurethane or phenolic resin.
Furthermore, the depth of the water chute is 1/3-1/2 of the thickness of the inner lining.
Furthermore, the ratio of the width of the water guide groove on the front end face of the inner bushing to the length of the inner arc of the bearing part on the front end face of the inner bushing is 1 (1-2), the ratio of the width of the water guide groove on the rear end face of the inner bushing to the length of the inner arc of the bearing part 4 on the rear end face of the inner bushing is 1 (4-8), when the water guide grooves are multiple, the bearing part is of an arc surface structure between two adjacent water guide grooves, and when one water guide groove is formed, the bearing part is of an arc surface structure on the inner bushing except the water guide groove.
Further, the helix is determined according to the following manner: the common circle center of an outer bushing and an inner bushing of the end surface of the water lubrication bearing is used as the origin of coordinates, any two orthogonal directions in the plane of the end surface are used as the X direction and the Y direction, the axial direction of the bearing is used as the Z direction to establish a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and then any point coordinate (X) on a spiral line is obtainedi，yi，zi) Determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001911806700000021
wherein r is the radius of the inner wall of the inner bushing 2; h is the depth of the water chute; t is tmaxThe number of the rotation cycles of the spiral line; t is from 0 to tmaxObtaining the continuous position of the coordinate point on the corresponding spiral line by changing the value of any real number parameter; thetaiThe included angle is formed by the middle point of the bottom edge of the port graph of a certain water chute in the end face where the origin of coordinates is located and the X axis; l is the total length of the bearing; n is any real number greater than the constant 1.
Further, the figure is rectangular.
Furthermore, the bottom of the water chute is provided with a chamfer.
Furthermore, the number of the water chutes is multiple, and the parameters of the water chutes are the same.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing uses metal as an outer bushing and polymer as an inner bushing, and the inner wall of the outer bushing and the outer wall of the inner bushing are bonded with each other to form a water-lubricated bearing structure which is stable in shape and elastically contacts with a stern shaft.
2. According to the active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing, the connecting line of the midpoints of the bottom edges of the rectangles formed by all the radial sections of the water guide grooves is a spiral line with gradually-increased pitch taking the shaft as a central shaft in the axial direction of the bearing, cooling water in the water guide grooves is driven to obtain the rotating direction speed in the high-speed rotation process of the stern shaft, and directional water flow which is accelerated to be discharged around the axial direction is formed under the constraint of the spiral line shape of the water guide grooves, so that the active silt-discharging process of the water guide grooves without a water pump is achieved. The thread pitch is gradually increased, so that the water flow in the water guide groove obtains the axial maximum speed at the tail end of the stern shaft, and the sediment discharge speed in a bearing at the tail end of the stern shaft is improved.
3. According to the active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing, the depth of the water guide groove is kept unchanged, and the width of the water guide groove is linearly decreased, so that the bearing strength is ensured, the water flow in the water guide groove at the tail end of the stern shaft is pressurized and accelerated, and the bearing at the tail end of the stern shaft obtains higher silt scouring strength.
4. According to the active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing, the water guide groove has the minimum width close to the tail end of the stern shaft, so that the water-lubricated bearing has the maximum width of the bearing part close to the tail end of the stern shaft, the bearing capacity of the area is the highest and is consistent with the maximum stress position of an actual bearing, the active silt-discharging effect is achieved, and the bearing capacity and the abrasion resistance of the bearing are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a radial cross-sectional view of an active sand-draining water-lubricated bearing provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an axial partial sectional view of a water guiding groove of the active silt discharging water lubricated bearing provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a development view of the inner surface of an inner bushing provided with six water chutes of the active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing provided by the invention;
in the figure, 1, an outer bushing, 2, an inner bushing, 3, a water chute, 4 and a bearing part.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The invention takes the position where water flow passes through firstly as the front and the position where water flow passes through secondly as the back.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing of the present invention includes an outer liner 1 and an inner liner 2. The outer bush 1 and the inner bush 2 are both in a cylindrical shape with openings at the front end and the rear end, the inner diameter of the outer bush 1 is matched with the outer diameter of the inner bush 2, the outer bush 1 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner bush 2, the front end and the rear end of the outer bush 1 are aligned, and the inner wall of the outer bush 1 is fixedly adhered to the outer wall of the inner bush 2. The material of the outer liner 1 is metal, preferably copper or steel. The inner liner 2 is made of a polymer material, preferably rubber, polyurethane, or phenol resin. The outer bush 1 and the inner bush 2 form a water lubrication bearing structure which has stable shape and is elastically contacted with the stern shaft.
The inner wall of the inner bush 2 is provided with a water chute 3, and two ends of the water chute 3 are respectively positioned on the front end face and the rear end face of the inner bush 2. The water chute 3 can be one or more, and is arranged according to the requirement. When the number of the water chutes 3 is plural, the ports of the water chutes 3 located on the same end surface are uniformly distributed. The parameters of the plurality of water chutes 3 may be the same or different, and preferably the same.
The depth of the water chute 3 is fixed, and the width is linearly and gradually reduced along the front end surface and the rear end surface of the inner bushing 2. The depth of the water chute 3 is preferably 1/3-1/2 of the thickness of the inner lining 2, the ratio of the width of the water chute 3 on the front end face of the inner lining 2 to the inner arc length of the bearing part 4 on the front end face of the inner lining 2 is 1: 1-1: 2, and the ratio of the width of the water chute 3 on the rear end face of the inner lining 2 to the inner arc length of the bearing part 4 on the rear end face of the inner lining 2 is 1: 4-1: 8. When the water chute 3 is a plurality of water chutes, the bearing part 4 is a cambered surface structure between two adjacent water chutes 3. When the water chute 3 is one, the bearing part 4 is a cambered surface structure on the inner liner 2 except the water chute 3.
The connecting line of the middle points of the bottom sides of the rectangles formed by all the radial sections of the water chute 3 is a spiral line with gradually increased screw pitch by taking the shaft as a central shaft in the axial direction of the bearing. The specific case of the spiral can be determined in the following way: lubricating the bearing ends with waterThe common circle center of the outer bush 1 and the inner bush 2 of the surface is taken as the origin of coordinates, any two orthogonal directions in the plane of the end surface are taken as the X direction and the Y direction, the axial direction of the bearing is taken as the Z direction to establish a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and then any point coordinate (X) on the spiral line is taken asi，yi，zi) Determined according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001911806700000041
wherein r is the radius of the inner wall of the inner bushing 2; h is the depth of the water chute 3; t is tmaxThe number of the spiral line rotation periods (which refers to the number of turns contained in the spiral line, and may be an integer or a decimal), and generally, the larger the number of the water chutes 3, the smaller the number of the spiral line rotation periods; t is from 0 to tmaxThe coordinate point obtained by changing the value of any real number parameter corresponds to the continuous position on the spiral line; thetaiIs an included angle formed by the center point of the bottom edge of a rectangular port of a certain water chute 3 in the end face where the origin of coordinates is located and the X axis; l is the total length of the bearing; n is any real number (integer or decimal) larger than a constant 1, the value of the n determines the growth rate of the spiral thread pitch of the water chute 3 along the axial direction of the bearing, and the n is determined by the balance of the bearing capacity required by the bearing and the silt discharging performance according to experience.
In the above technical solution, according to the actual situation, the pattern formed by the radial cross section of the water chute 3 may be other patterns outside the rectangle, and specifically may be set according to the actual requirement. When the radial cross section of the water chute 3 forms a rectangular pattern, the bottom of the water chute 3 is preferably provided with a chamfer.

Claims (9)

1. The active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing is characterized by comprising an outer bushing (1) and an inner bushing (2);
the outer bushing (1) and the inner bushing (2) are both cylindrical with openings at the front end and the rear end, the inner diameter of the outer bushing (1) is matched with the outer diameter of the inner bushing (2), the outer bushing (1) is sleeved on the outer side of the inner bushing (2), the front end and the rear end of the outer bushing (1) are aligned, and the inner wall of the outer bushing (1) is fixedly adhered to the outer wall of the inner bushing (2);
the inner wall of the inner bushing (2) is provided with a water chute (3), two ends of the water chute (3) are respectively positioned on the front end surface and the rear end surface of the inner bushing (2), the depth of the water chute (3) is fixed, the width of the water chute is linearly and gradually reduced from the front end surface of the inner bushing (2) to the rear end surface of the inner bushing (2), the connecting line of the bottom edge midpoints of the graphs formed by all radial sections of the water chute (3) is a spiral line with gradually increased pitch by taking a bearing shaft as a central shaft in the axial direction of the bearing;
one or more water chutes (3) are arranged, and when the water chutes (3) are arranged in a plurality, the ports of the water chutes (3) on the same end surface are uniformly distributed.
2. An active silt-discharging water lubricated bearing according to claim 1, wherein the material of the outer liner (1) is metal; the inner lining (2) is made of high polymer materials.
3. An active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that the material of the outer liner (1) is copper or steel; the inner lining (2) is made of rubber, polyurethane or phenolic resin.
4. The active silt discharging water lubricated bearing according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the water chute (3) is 1/3-1/2 of the thickness of the inner liner (2).
5. The active sludge discharge sand-water lubrication bearing according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the width of the water chute (3) on the front end surface of the inner bushing (2) to the inner arc length of the bearing part (4) on the front end surface of the inner bushing (2) is 1 (1-2), the ratio of the width of the water chute (3) on the rear end surface of the inner bushing (2) to the inner arc length of the bearing part (4) on the rear end surface of the inner bushing (2) is 1 (4-8), when the number of the water chutes (3) is multiple, the bearing part (4) is an arc surface structure between two adjacent water chutes (3), and when the number of the water chutes (3) is one, the bearing part (4) is an arc surface structure on the inner bushing (2) except for the water chute (3).
6. The method of claim 1An active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing, wherein the helix is determined according to the following manner: the common circle center of an outer bushing (1) and an inner bushing (2) of the end surface of the water lubrication bearing is used as the origin of coordinates, any two orthogonal directions in the plane of the end surface are used as the X direction and the Y direction, the axial direction of the bearing is used as the Z direction to establish a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, and then any point coordinate (X) on a spiral line is obtainedi，yi，zi) Determined according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0001911806690000021
wherein r is the radius of the inner wall of the inner bushing 2; h is the depth of the water chute (3); t is tmaxThe number of the rotation cycles of the spiral line; t is from 0 to tmaxObtaining the continuous position of the coordinate point on the corresponding spiral line by changing the value of any real number parameter; thetaiIs an included angle formed by the middle point of the bottom edge of the port graph of a certain water chute (3) in the end face where the origin of coordinates is located and the X axis; l is the total length of the bearing; n is any real number greater than the constant 1.
7. The active dredge water lubricated bearing of claim 1 or 6, wherein the formed pattern is rectangular.
8. An active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing according to claim 7, characterized in that the bottom of said water chute (3) is chamfered.
9. An active silt discharge water lubricated bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that said water guiding channel (3) is plural, and the parameters of the water guiding channels (3) are the same.
CN201811555638.6A 2018-12-19 2018-12-19 Active silt-discharging water-lubricated bearing Active CN109654124B (en)

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CN113404778B (en) * 2021-05-27 2023-11-14 武汉理工大学 Water lubrication tail bearing device with high bearing capacity and vibration reduction
CN113291094B (en) * 2021-06-09 2023-02-03 中国科学院长春应用化学研究所 Spoke and rim fixing device for jointing non-pneumatic tire
CN113775651B (en) * 2021-09-02 2023-10-31 华南泵业有限公司 Gate pump with water lubricated bearing

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JP2000192945A (en) * 1999-01-04 2000-07-11 Sankyo Seiki Mfg Co Ltd Bearing device and its manufacture
CN100398853C (en) * 2005-07-21 2008-07-02 重庆大学 Helical groove water lubricating rubber alloy bearing
JP2012031979A (en) * 2010-08-03 2012-02-16 Ihi Corp Thrust bearing
CN202659728U (en) * 2012-01-20 2013-01-09 张伟 Water lubrication bearing with double helix groove
CN205775372U (en) * 2016-05-27 2016-12-07 无锡小天鹅股份有限公司 The interior bucket of washing machine and the washing machine with it
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