CN109653738A - A method of the complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation saves validity - Google Patents
A method of the complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation saves validity Download PDFInfo
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- CN109653738A CN109653738A CN201811512088.XA CN201811512088A CN109653738A CN 109653738 A CN109653738 A CN 109653738A CN 201811512088 A CN201811512088 A CN 201811512088A CN 109653738 A CN109653738 A CN 109653738A
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 71
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035800 maturation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- RECVMTHOQWMYFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(1+) dihydride Chemical compound [OH2+] RECVMTHOQWMYFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000370738 Chlorion Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003891 environmental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/06—Measuring temperature or pressure
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the methods that a kind of complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation saves validity, comprising the following steps: 1) selectes effective hydrocarbon shale interval；2) validity that vertical upper shale gas saves is assessed；3) validity blocked in shale gas transverse direction is assessed；4) validity that assessment shale gas saves；5) the complicated superiority and inferiority that area's shale gas preservation condition is transformed is assessed with reference to the quantity of hydrocarbon stratum water concentration, pressure size and hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria according to the validity blocked in the validity and shale gas transverse direction of the vertical upper preservation of shale gas, Favorable Areas is finally developed according to the superiority and inferiority delineation shale gas of complicated transformation area's shale gas preservation condition, this method can effectively assess the superiority and inferiority of shale gas preservation condition, and then draw a circle to approve shale gas and develop Favorable Areas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to petroleum natural gas exploration technical fields, are related to a kind of complicated transformation area's shale gas preservation of evaluation
The method of validity.
Background technique
In recent years, the exploration and development of China's shale gas flourishes, and Sichuan Basin shale gas has obtained commercial extensive
Exploitation.Environmental pollution can be effectively reduced in the exploitation of shale gas, makes up petroleum shortage, ensures energy security.Shale gas conduct
Unconventional petroleum resources have many characteristics, such as that reservoir is fine and close, oil and gas richness degree is low and distribution area is wide.The U.S. is shale gas exploration and development
It earliest, is also the country of current Technical comparing maturation, shale gas yield ranks first in the world.China and the United States shale gas developmentally
There is biggish difference, mainly since south China marine volcanic activity shale formation experienced multi-stage tectonic movement in matter condition
Effect has many characteristics, such as that different scales fault development, evolution level are high, stratum age is old, reservoir properties are poor, enrichment rule
Rule also has the characteristics that itself, and shale gas exploration assessment technology also has larger difference with North America.Southern region of China is rich in machine
Matter shale is widely distributed, and thickness is also larger, has a condition of good extensive hydrocarbon, but shale gas development effectiveness difference compared with
Greatly, it is mainly determined due to the otherness of preservation condition.Shale gas enrichment region is usually developed with good preservation condition
Area, the natural gas that shale can be made to generate are able to save in the earth formation for exploitation.Judge whether shale gas can be protected at present
It deposits main according to the fault development degree for being upper caldding layer in the earth formation.But the identification of different scales fracture is at present since earthquake provides
There are certain difficulties for item matter, and the fault analysis underground gap of earth's surface section is larger, and area is transformed to subsurface in complexity
The directiveness of layer fracture development analysis is not strong.
In southern complicated transformation area, drilling hole number is less, and direct drilling well obtains air content size and then evaluates preservation condition
It is relatively difficult.Most of complexity transformation area does not have 3-d seismic data set, even if there are 3-d seismic data set, also due to earth's surface
Limestone exists and leads to inferior quality, intuitively identifies that there are no small to formation thickness, fault development position and scale, gas-bearing property
Difficulty, therefore be difficult to assess the superiority and inferiority of complicated transformation area's shale gas preservation condition, and then complicated transformation area's shale gas cannot be drawn a circle to approve
Develop Favorable Areas.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation is provided
The method for saving validity, this method can effectively assess the superiority and inferiority of shale gas preservation condition, and then draw a circle to approve shale gas development
Favorable Areas.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the method that the complicated transformation area's shale gas of assessment of the present invention saves validity include with
Lower step:
1) Field Geology Investigations are carried out according to region shale formation depositional environment, choose research area's richness organic shale section,
Rich organic shale section thickness, abundance of organic matter and maturity are measured, it is selected effectively raw further according to organic matter hydrocarbon generation evolutionary pattern
Hydrocarbon shale interval；
2) on determining that complicated transformation area's shale gas germinal layer is direct by field section actual measurement, appear sampling and drill cores
The thickness and lithology of coating, the thickness of regional cap rock, lithology and distribution measure porosity, the permeability of direct cap rock
And capillary pressure, to assess the validity that vertical upper shale gas saves；
3) the spatial feature of shale gas germinal layer is analyzed, the distance and go out away from stratum that goal in research offset loss is broken
The distance of dew point analyzes stratum structural configuration and stratigraphic dip, to assess the validity saved in shale gas transverse direction；
4) water ion type and density in analysis shale gas development interval, assess rammell pressure size by drilling well, then
Microorganism geochemical exploration analysis is carried out in earth's surface, determines the quantity of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria, it is then big according to stratum water concentration and pressure
The validity that small and hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria quantity assessment shale gas saves；
5) it according to the validity saved in the validity and shale gas transverse direction of the vertical upper preservation of shale gas, and is aoxidized with reference to hydrocarbon
Quantity, stratum water concentration and the pressure size of bacterium assess the superiority and inferiority of complicated transformation area's shale gas preservation condition, last according to multiple
The superiority and inferiority delineation shale gas of miscellaneous transformation area's shale gas preservation condition develops Favorable Areas.
In step 1), when TOC > 2% of shale section, the equivalent Ro of thermal evolution of organic matter tires out between 1.3%-3.5%
When counting thickness > 20m, then the shale section is effective hydrocarbon shale interval.
The capillary pressure of direct cap rock in step 2)Wherein, σ is interfacial tension, and θ is contact angle, r
For aperture radius, when the replacement pressure of shale section is more than or equal to capillary pressure, the then validity that shale section saves vertically upward
Difference, when the replacement pressure of shale section is less than capillary pressure, and upper caldding layer leakage is less than or equal to 0.1mD, shale section is hung down
The validity directly saved upwards is excellent.
In step 3), when the distance between target area and stratum dew point are greater than 1.5km, positive structure is advantageous, negative sense structure
Stratigraphic dip is made less than 15 °, when buried depth is greater than 500m, then illustrates that the validity blocked in shale gas transverse direction is excellent.
When the quantity of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria is less than 16, and formation pressure gradient is greater than 1, then the validity that shale gas saves is preferable.
The invention has the following advantages:
The complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation of the present invention saves the method for validity when specific operation, according to shale
The validity blocked in the validity and shale gas transverse direction of the vertical upper preservation of gas, and it is dense with reference to quantity, the water flooding of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria
It spends with pressure size and assesses the superiority and inferiority of complicated transformation area's shale gas preservation condition, shale gas preservation in area's is finally transformed according to complexity
The superiority and inferiority delineation shale gas of condition develops Favorable Areas, so that simply, quickly and accurately delineation shale gas develops Favorable Areas, it is page
The evaluation of rock gas resource potential and probing deployment provide important evidence, it should be noted that the present invention is by being effectively performed shale
Gas Favorable Areas is preferably and prospect pit maps out the work, to improve the exploration success ratio of shale gas.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 2 is shale upper caldding layer lithology and thickness comparison diagram in embodiment one；
Fig. 3 is shale spatial distribution in embodiment one and appears apart from schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that different blocks shale gas develops structural configuration figure；
Fig. 5 is hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria microorganism flat distribution map in embodiment one.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
With reference to Fig. 1, the complicated transformation area's shale gas of assessment of the present invention save the method for validity the following steps are included:
1) Field Geology Investigations are carried out according to region shale formation depositional environment, choose research area's richness organic shale section,
Rich organic shale section thickness, abundance of organic matter and thermal maturity are measured, it is selected effective further according to organic matter hydrocarbon generation evolutionary pattern
Hydrocarbon shale interval；
In step 1), when TOC > 2% of shale section, the equivalent Ro of thermal evolution of organic matter tires out between 1.3%-3.5%
When counting thickness > 20m, then the shale section is effective hydrocarbon shale interval.
2) on determining that complicated transformation area's shale gas germinal layer is direct by field section actual measurement, appear sampling and drill cores
The thickness and lithology of coating, the thickness of regional cap rock, lithology and distribution measure porosity, the permeability of direct cap rock
And capillary pressure, to assess the validity that vertical upper shale gas saves；
The capillary pressure of direct cap rock in step 2)Wherein, σ is interfacial tension, and θ is contact angle, r
For aperture radius, when the replacement pressure of shale section is more than or equal to capillary pressure, the then validity that shale section saves vertically upward
Difference, when the replacement pressure of shale section is less than capillary pressure, and upper caldding layer leakage is less than or equal to 0.1mD, shale section is hung down
The validity directly saved upwards is excellent.
3) the spatial feature of shale gas germinal layer is analyzed, the distance and go out away from stratum that goal in research offset loss is broken
The distance of dew point analyzes stratum structural configuration and stratigraphic dip, to assess the validity saved in shale gas transverse direction；
In step 3), when the distance between target area and stratum dew point are greater than 1.5km, positive structure is advantageous, negative sense structure
Stratigraphic dip is made less than 15 °, when buried depth is greater than 500m, then illustrates that the validity blocked in shale gas transverse direction is excellent.
4) water ion type and density in analysis shale gas development interval, assess rammell pressure size by drilling well, then
Carry out microorganism geochemical exploration analysis in earth's surface, determine the quantity of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria, then according to stratum water concentration and pressure size and
The validity that the quantity assessment shale gas of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria saves；
Wherein, when the quantity of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria is less than 16, when formation pressure gradient is greater than 1, then shale gas saves validity
Preferably.
5) according to the validity blocked in the validity and shale gas transverse direction of the vertical upper preservation of shale gas, and water flooding is referred to
The quantity of concentration, pressure size and hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria assesses the superiority and inferiority of complicated transformation area's shale gas preservation condition, last according to multiple
The superiority and inferiority delineation shale gas of miscellaneous transformation area's shale gas preservation condition develops Favorable Areas.
Embodiment one
The specific operation process of the present embodiment are as follows:
1) choosing research area is a certain complicated transformation area of In The Southeast of Sichuan Basin, passes through shale deposition environmental analysis and field
Geologic survey selectes richness organic matter shale interval, and total content of organic carbon is higher than 2%, and thickness is greater than 20m, and at shale organic matter
In maturation to the stage of ripeness is exceeded, Ro selectes the spatial feature of effective hydrocarbon shale between 2.0%-3.0%.
2) by field section actual measurement, appear sampling and drilling well rock core analysis, complicated transformation area's shale gas development is determined
Layer directly upper caldding layer be Sandy Silt and siltstone, as shown in Fig. 2, directly cap rock cumulative thickness be 68m, 64m and 66m, it is small
96m and 104m in business shale gas developing zone；Quality caprock is a set of cream rock stratum on region, is lacked in the research area；On
The physical property of coating belongs to the micro- infiltration feature of micropore, but Fractured Zone permeability increases, envelope of the research area's shale gas on vertical
Stifled property is poor.
3) complicated transformation area's shale formation is by tectonism part crop out, and spatially buried depth size is not or not shale formation
Together, distance is appeared far and near different, and remoter from appearing, then buried depth is bigger, and property seal-off effect in side is better, as shown in figure 3, lateral sealing has
Effect property C > B > A；The structural configuration of shale gas stratum development also influences lateral sealing, and anticline is better than to oblique, as shown in figure 4, horizontal
To closure validity A > B；Preservation after not utilizing shale gas to generate at extensive fault development, lateral sealing validity B > C.If
Negative structure, it is bigger in stratigraphic dip, then more it is unfavorable for the preservation of shale gas.
4) complexity transformation area's water flooding type is NaCl type, and for chlorion concentration in 2000-4000ppb, ion is dense
It is low to spend content, belongs to open system, preservation condition is poor；Drilling well measures formation pressure gradient less than 1, for normal pressure or negative pressure
Layer.Stratum microorganism geochemical exploration analysis, detects the presence of a large amount of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacterias, explanatorily there is the ease of a large amount of hydrocarbon gas down
It dissipates, as shown in figure 5, there is the presence of a large amount of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria microorganisms in shale formation outcrop area, seal-off effect is bad, far from outcrop area
Shale gas preservation condition is poor, and few far from a large amount of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria microbial biomass in outcrop area, shale gas preservation condition is good.
5) area is transformed in complexity, the superstratum lithology of purpose rammell is siltstone or silty, with a thickness of
66m has certain seal-off effect, and permeability increases at superficial fault development, and validity is blocked on longitudinal direction and is deteriorated, from outcrop area and
Fracture is remoter, and lateral sealing is better；Structural configuration is good in positive or level, lateral sealing；Stratum water concentration is big,
Stressor layer is big and good without the stratum preservation condition of the macro leakage of microorganism；Therefore, area is transformed in complexity, prospective and target area should be tool
There are certain thickness densification cap rock and fracture agensis, separate to appear and extensive fracture zone, arch structure form, stratum water concentration
The region high, strata pressure is big and without the macro leakage of microorganism is the preferable conservation zone of shale gas development, can be used as shale gas
Favorable Areas is developed, prospect pit deployment is carried out.
Prospect pit is disposed at the good preservation condition area identified through the invention, probing success rate reaches 70% or more, shale
It is higher that gas tests yield, it is shown that accuracy and practicability of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that the complicated transformation area's shale gas of assessment saves validity, which comprises the following steps:
1) Field Geology Investigations are carried out according to region shale formation depositional environment, chooses research area's richness organic shale section, measurement
Rich organic shale section thickness, abundance of organic matter and maturity select effective hydrocarbon page further according to organic matter hydrocarbon generation evolutionary pattern
Rock stratum section；
2) pass through field section actual measurement, appear sampling and the determining complicated directly upper covering of transformation area's shale gas germinal layer of drill cores
The thickness and lithology, the thickness of regional cap rock, lithology and distribution of layer, measure porosity, permeability and the hair of direct cap rock
Capillary pressure, to assess the validity that vertical upper shale gas saves；
3) analyze shale gas germinal layer spatial feature, goal in research offset loss fracture distance and away from stratum dew point
Distance, stratum structural configuration and stratigraphic dip are analyzed, to assess the validity saved in shale gas transverse direction；
4) water flooding ionic species and density in analysis shale gas development interval, assess rammell pressure size by drilling well, then
Carry out microorganism geochemical exploration analysis in earth's surface, determine the quantity of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria, then according to stratum water concentration and pressure size and
The validity that the quantity assessment shale gas of hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria saves；
5) according to the validity saved in the validity and shale gas transverse direction of the vertical upper preservation of shale gas, and with reference to hydrocarbon oxidizing bacteria
Quantity, stratum water concentration and pressure size assess the superiority and inferiority of complicated transformation area's shale gas preservation condition, are finally changed according to complexity
Make the superiority and inferiority delineation shale gas development Favorable Areas of area's shale gas preservation condition.
2. the method that the complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation according to claim 1 saves validity, which is characterized in that step
1) in, when TOC > 2% of shale section, the equivalent Ro of thermal evolution of organic matter is between 1.3%-3.5%, cumulative thickness > 20m
When, then the shale section is effective hydrocarbon shale interval.
3. the method that the complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation according to claim 1 saves validity, which is characterized in that step
2) capillary pressure of direct cap rock inWherein, σ is interfacial tension, and θ is contact angle, and r is aperture radius, when
The replacement pressure of shale section is more than or equal to capillary pressure, then the validity that shale section saves vertically upward is poor, when shale section
Replacement pressure be less than capillary pressure, and upper caldding layer leakage be less than or equal to 0.1mD when, what shale section saved vertically upward has
Effect property is excellent.
4. the method that the complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation according to claim 1 saves validity, which is characterized in that step
3) in, when the distance between target area and stratum dew point are greater than 1.5km, positive structure is advantageous, and negative structure stratigraphic dip is small
In 15 °, when buried depth is greater than 500m, then illustrate that the validity blocked in shale gas transverse direction is excellent.
5. the method that the complicated transformation area's shale gas of evaluation according to claim 1 saves validity, which is characterized in that work as hydrocarbon
The quantity of oxidation bacteria is less than 16, and when formation pressure gradient is greater than 1, then the validity that shale gas saves is preferable.
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| CN110259440A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-09-20 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of basin edge complex structural area normal pressure shale gas reservoir Reservoir model method for building up |
| CN111257534A (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2020-06-09 | 盎亿泰地质微生物技术（北京）有限公司 | Comprehensive evaluation method for oil gas storage conditions |
| CN113341711A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-03 | 天津大学 | Intelligent circulation distribution control system for earth surface and underground multiple water sources |
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| CN113341711A (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2021-09-03 | 天津大学 | Intelligent circulation distribution control system for earth surface and underground multiple water sources |
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Application publication date: 20190419 |