CN109652883B - Production method of cotton and stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding - Google Patents
Production method of cotton and stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding Download PDFInfo
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- CN109652883B CN109652883B CN201910061158.2A CN201910061158A CN109652883B CN 109652883 B CN109652883 B CN 109652883B CN 201910061158 A CN201910061158 A CN 201910061158A CN 109652883 B CN109652883 B CN 109652883B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel mixed spinning, which is formed by blending stainless steel fiber with cotton fiber in a short fiber state, stainless steel filament bundle is drafted and cut twice by a drawing frame to obtain stainless steel short fiber with the main body length close to the cotton fiber, wherein the drawing frame comprises a left drawing system and a right drawing system, a middle and upper rubber roller of the left drawing system adopts a rubber roller with small diameter, the stainless steel filament bundle is firstly drafted and cut for the first time by the left drawing system so as to be drawn and cut into stainless steel short fiber with the main body average length equal to the center distance between a rear roller pair and a front roller pair, then the stainless steel short fiber bundle and cotton combed sliver are drawn and cut for the second time by the right drawing system so as to be drawn and cut into stainless steel short fiber with the main body average length equal to the center distance between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair, the stainless steel short fiber bundle and the cotton combed sliver, and then the cotton/stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding is prepared by roving and spun yarn in sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of spinning, and relates to a novel spinning method of functional yarn, in particular to a production method of cotton and stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding.
Background
Stainless steel fiber is a novel textile fiber, and is often used for manufacturing antistatic and electromagnetic shielding fabrics due to good electrical conductivity, high temperature resistance, spinnability and economy. The stainless steel fiber is mainly blended with common textile fiber in the textile industry, and is added in a short fiber form in a pre-spinning process or in a filament state in a spinning process. No matter what form the stainless steel fiber exists in the fabric, the produced fabric has better electromagnetic shielding performance.
When the stainless steel fiber is mixed with other fibers, particularly when the stainless steel short fiber is mixed with other short fibers in a form, the property of the stainless steel fiber is greatly different from that of other natural short fibers or cellulose fibers with excellent wearability, so that the mixing uniformity is difficult to control when the stainless steel fiber and the natural short fibers or the cellulose fibers are mixed with each other, the distribution of the stainless steel fiber in the finally spun yarn is uneven, and the electromagnetic shielding effect of a subsequent fabric is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention realizes more accurate and uniform cutting of the length of the stainless steel filament by performing stretch breaking on the stainless steel filament bundle on one drawing frame twice, thereby realizing more uniform mixing of two fibers in the finally spun cotton/stainless steel hybrid electromagnetic shielding yarn and improving the electromagnetic shielding effect of the blended yarn; the invention provides a production method of cotton and stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding.
The technical scheme is as follows: a method for producing yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel blended spinning includes such steps as carding cotton fibre to obtain combed cotton strips, drafting stainless steel filament bundle twice by a drawing frame to obtain stainless steel filament bundle, drawing the stainless steel filament bundle by a drawing frame, and cutting the stainless steel filament bundle by a small-diameter rubber roller for drawing it between the upper and lower rollers Stainless steel short fibers with a center distance between the lower rollers are sequentially arranged between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair of a right drafting system of a drawing frame, the middle roller pair and the front roller pair are subjected to secondary stretch-breaking, the center distance between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair of the right drafting system is equal to the center distance between the middle roller pair and the front roller pair, the stainless steel short fibers in the first stainless steel short fiber bundle are drawn and cut into the stainless steel short fibers with the average main length equal to the center distance between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair, the required stainless steel short fiber bundle is obtained, the stainless steel short fiber bundle and the cotton combed sliver are subjected to three-pass drawing to prepare a cotton/stainless steel blended sliver, and then the cotton/stainless steel blended yarn for electromagnetic shielding is prepared through roving and spun yarn in sequence, comprises the following production steps:
firstly, arranging the selected cotton bales on conveying belts at two sides of a reciprocating plucker in proportion, grabbing cotton fibers in the arranged cotton bales through the circulating reciprocating movement of the reciprocating plucker, feeding the cotton fibers grabbed in proportion into a multifunctional separator, and separating and removing large impurities in the multifunctional separator through the gravity difference between rigid bodies such as the large impurities and flexible bodies such as the fibers; the cotton fibers output by the multifunctional separator are sent into a multi-bin cotton mixer, the time for the cotton fibers in different batches and production places to move to a junction point is different in a plurality of cotton boxes of the multi-bin cotton mixer, and the cotton fibers in the different batches and the production places are grabbed by the cotton grabbing machine, so that the mixing action of the cotton fibers in the different batches and the production places is realized, and meanwhile, the small massive rigid impurities or the small flexible impurities in the cotton fibers are separated and removed by utilizing the action of negative pressure airflow in the moving process of the cotton fibers; the cotton fiber output by the multi-bin cotton mixer is then sent into a carding beater scutcher, the mixed cotton fiber realizes striking and opening effects in a free state under the action of a carding beater in the scutcher, so that a larger blocky structure of the cotton fiber is struck and opened into a smaller blocky or fiber bundle shape, and meanwhile, in a cotton box of the scutcher, the output of a cotton layer with uniform thickness and quality at the bottom of the cotton box is realized under the action of gravity of the cotton fiber fed into the cotton box through the control of the height of the cotton fiber fed into the cotton box; the cotton layer output by the scutcher is sent into a different fiber machine, the fibers in the cotton layer are shot in a single fiber shape under the action of double high-definition cameras in the different fiber machine, and the foreign fibers mixed in the fibers are sprayed out under the action of a high-speed spray gun through a corresponding image processing technology, so that the foreign fibers mixed in the cotton fibers are removed; the cotton layer output by the foreign fiber machine is then sent into a strong dust remover, fine impurities in the cotton fibers are further removed under the action of high-speed airflow of the strong dust remover, and the cotton fibers are pressed into uniform cotton layers to be output; the uniformly output cotton layer is then sent into a carding machine, in the carding machine, the uniformly fed cotton layer is firstly tightly pressed between a feeding roller and a feeding plate, the cotton layer is output under the drive of the rotation of the feeding roller, the tail end of the cotton fiber in the output cotton layer is tightly pressed between the feeding roller and the feeding plate, the head end of the cotton fiber is continuously held by a carding cylinder, the cotton fiber is continuously stripped by the carding roller along with the rotation of the feeding roller, the cotton fiber stripped by the carding roller is continuously stripped by a cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the carding roller along with the rotation of the carding roller, a movable cover plate is arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder, the free carding of the cotton fiber stripped by the cylinder under a free state is realized along with the relative rotation of the cylinder and the movable cover plate, meanwhile, a fixed cover plate is arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder, and under the fixed action of the fixed cover plate, the cotton fiber on the surface of the cylinder can not be separated from the circumference of the cylinder under the action of centrifugal force, a doffer device with the diameter smaller than that of the cylinder is arranged on the other side of the cylinder, under the rotation of the doffer, a part of cotton fibers on the cylinder are stripped by the doffer, the rest polyester cotton fibers are continuously and freely combed along with the rotation of the cylinder until being stripped by the doffer, the cotton fibers stripped by the doffer are stripped by a stripping roller and then are pressed into strips by a large pressing roller through a cotton guide device, so that cotton slivers are obtained, and the cotton slivers which are pressed into strips are continuously wound on a sliver can through a coiler; the cotton slivers output by the carding machine are sent into a pre-drawing machine, 6 cotton slivers are jointly fed into the pre-drawing machine, so that the fed 6 cotton slivers are stretched and thinned under the action of the drafting force of a drafting system of the pre-drawing machine, then the 6 stretched and thinned slivers are combined again in a parallel state, the cotton pre-drawing with the quantitative difference between the fixed quantity and the fed cotton slivers within 10% is obtained, and the evenness of the obtained cotton pre-drawing is effectively improved in the combining process; the cotton pre-drawing strip output by the pre-drawing machine is sent into a doubling and rolling combination machine, 24-28 cotton pre-drawing strips are jointly fed into the doubling and rolling combination machine, so that the fed cotton pre-drawing strip is slightly stretched and thinned under the action of the drafting force of a drafting system of the doubling and rolling combination machine, cotton fibers in the cotton pre-drawing strip are further straightened, then the slightly stretched cotton pre-drawing strip is re-parallel and combined to obtain a cotton roll with better fiber straightening degree and more uniform quality, and the preparation process before combing is realized; the lap output by the lap combining combination machine is then sent into a combing machine, 8 laps are jointly fed into the combing machine, so that the fed laps are stretched and thinned again under the action of large drafting force to obtain a cotton combing strip, and in the large drafting process, the deep combing effect on the cotton fibers in the laps is realized, so that in the deep combing process, on one hand, fine impurities in the cotton fibers are further removed, on the other hand, the short cotton fibers are separated and removed, and the consistency of the lengths of the cotton fibers in the obtained cotton combing strip is greatly improved;
secondly, feeding the stainless steel filament bundle into a first collecting machine, and obtaining the stainless steel short fiber bundle through twice drafting and cutting of the same first collecting machine, wherein the first collecting machine comprises a drafting system, the drafting system comprises a left drafting system and a right drafting system, the structures of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are the same, the first collecting machine comprises a rear roller pair consisting of a rear lower roller and a rear upper rubber roller, a middle roller pair consisting of a middle lower roller and a middle upper rubber roller, and a front roller pair consisting of a front lower roller and a front upper rubber roller, the sizes and the structures of the rear lower roller, the rear upper rubber roller, the middle lower roller, the front lower roller and the front upper rubber roller of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are all the same, the diameter of the middle upper rubber roller of the left drafting system is smaller than that of the middle upper rubber roller of the right drafting system, and the center distance between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair of the left drafting system is equal to that between the middle roller pair and the front, equal to the average length of cotton fibers, when in use, the back lower roller and the back upper rubber roller of the right drafting system are tightly pressed, the middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber roller are tightly pressed, the front lower roller and the front upper rubber roller are tightly pressed, the back lower roller and the back upper rubber roller of the left drafting system are tightly pressed, the middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber roller are suspended, the front lower roller and the front upper rubber roller are tightly pressed, the back lower rollers of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are integrally connected, the middle lower rollers are integrally connected, and the front lower rollers are integrally connected, so that the rotating speeds of the back lower rollers, the middle lower rollers and the front lower rollers of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are kept consistent, the total drafting multiples of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are completely the same, 6 stainless steel filament bundles are jointly fed into the left drafting system through a horn mouth at the back part of the back roller of the left drafting system, the rear end of the fed 6 stainless steel filament bundles is pressed by a rear roller pair of a left drafting system, the front end of the fed 6 stainless steel filament bundles is pressed by a front roller pair of the left drafting system, so that under the action of drafting force generated under the total drafting multiple of the left drafting system, the stainless steel filament bundles are subjected to primary drafting and cutting between the rear roller pair and the front roller pair of the left drafting system of the drawing frame, stainless steel filaments in the stainless steel filament bundles are drawn and cut into stainless steel short fibers with the average length of a main body equal to the center distance between the rear roller pair and the front roller pair, so that first stainless steel short fiber bundles are obtained, the 6 first stainless steel short fiber bundles are jointly passed through a horn mouth right drafting system at the rear part of the rear roller pair of the right drafting system, the first ends of the 6 first stainless steel short fiber bundles are successively fed into a rear roller pair of the right drafting system and the front ends are pressed by a middle roller pair of the right drafting system, thus under the action of the drafting force generated under the drafting multiple of the rear drafting zone of the right drafting system, the first stainless steel short fiber bundle is subjected to secondary drafting and cutting between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair of the right drafting system of the drawing frame, the rear end of the stainless steel short fiber bundle obtained through secondary drafting and cutting is pressed by the middle roller pair of the right drafting system, the front end of the stainless steel short fiber bundle is pressed by the front roller pair of the right drafting system, so that under the action of the drafting force generated under the drafting multiple of the front drafting zone of the right drafting system, the third drafting and cutting are performed between the middle roller pair and the front roller pair of the right drafting system of the drawing frame, and finally, under the action of the drafting force generated under the total drafting multiple of the right drafting system, the first stainless steel short fiber bundle is subjected to right drafting system of the drawing frame, and the stainless steel short fiber bundle is cut into a stainless steel short fiber bundle with the average length of a main body equal to the average length between the rear roller pair and the stainless steel short fiber with the center distance between the pair of rollers and the front roller pair is aligned, and then the required stainless steel short fiber bundle is obtained;
thirdly, feeding the cotton combed sliver obtained in the first step and the stainless steel short fiber bundle obtained in the second step into a second drawing frame together, and obtaining a first cotton/stainless steel mixed sliver through the drafting, thinning, merging and mixing actions of the second drawing frame, wherein the number of the fed cotton combed sliver and the number of the stainless steel short fiber bundle are determined according to the blending ratio of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers in the finally spun cotton/stainless steel mixed electromagnetic shielding yarn, the sum of the number of the fed cotton combed sliver and the number of the stainless steel short fiber bundle is less than or equal to 8, and the difference between the total drafting multiple of the second drawing frame and the sum of the number of the fed cotton combed sliver and the stainless steel short fiber bundle is set within +/-10 percent, so that the fed cotton combed sliver and the stainless steel short fiber bundle generate mutual slippage action between the fibers in the cotton combed sliver and the stainless steel short fiber bundle under the action of the drafting force generated by the total drafting multiple of the second drawing frame, thereby being stretched and thinned, and simultaneously the stretched and thinned cotton combed strips and the stainless steel short fiber bundles are parallelly combined, thereby realizing the mixing action of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers in a parallel state; feeding the prepared first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips into a third drawing frame, drafting, thinning and parallel-combining the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips by the third drawing frame to obtain second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips, wherein the number of the fed first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is less than or equal to 6, and the difference between the total draft multiple of the third drawing frame and the number of the fed first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is set within +/-8 percent, so that the fibers in the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are subjected to mutual sliding action under the action of the draft force generated by the total draft multiple of the third drawing frame, the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are stretched and thinned, and the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips which are stretched and thinned are parallel-combined are subjected to parallel-combining, so that the linear density of cotton fiber bundles and stainless steel short fiber bundles in the parallel state in the obtained second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is reduced, The number is increased, so that more uniform and fine mixing of cotton fibers and stainless steel short fibers in a parallel state is indirectly realized; feeding the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips into a fourth drawing frame, drafting, thinning and parallel-combining the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips by the fourth drawing frame to obtain third cotton/stainless steel mixed strips, wherein the number of the fed second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is less than or equal to 4, and the difference between the total draft multiple of the fourth drawing frame and the number of the fed second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is set within +/-5%, so that the fibers in the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are subjected to mutual sliding action under the action of the draft force generated by the total draft multiple of the fourth drawing frame, the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are stretched and thinned, and the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips which are stretched and thinned are parallel-combined, so that the linear density of the cotton fiber bundles and the stainless steel short fiber bundles in the parallel state in the obtained third cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is reduced, The number is increased, so that more uniform and fine mixing of cotton fibers and stainless steel short fibers in a parallel state is indirectly realized;
fourthly, feeding the third cotton/stainless steel mixed strip prepared in the third step into a roving frame, and obtaining cotton/stainless steel mixed roving through drafting, thinning and twisting and interlacing of the roving frame, wherein 1 third cotton/stainless steel mixed strip is fed, and the drafting multiple of the roving frame is set to be between 5 and 10, so that under the action of the drafting force generated by the total drafting multiple of the roving frame, the fibers in the fed third cotton/stainless steel mixed strip generate mutual sliding action, thereby being stretched and thinned, and the fibers in the mixed strip generate internal and external transfer action under the action of the twisting and twisting degree of the roving frame, thereby realizing the mixing action of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers under the internal and external transfer, and the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers generate mutual interlacing in the internal and external transfer processes, thereby obtaining the cotton/stainless steel blended roving with certain strength; then feeding the prepared cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving into a spinning frame, obtaining the finally required cotton/stainless steel blended spinning electromagnetic shielding yarn through the drafting, attenuation and twisting and interlacing of the spinning frame, wherein 1 piece of cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving is fed, the total drafting multiple of the spinning frame is determined according to the quantitative quantity of the fed cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving and the quantitative calculation of the required spun cotton/stainless steel blended spinning electromagnetic shielding yarn, so that under the action of the drafting force generated by the total drafting multiple of the spinning frame, the fibers in the fed cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving are subjected to mutual sliding action, the stretched and thinned cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving is subjected to internal and external transfer action under the action of twisting degree of the stretched and thinned cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving, and the mixing action of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers under the internal and external transfer is realized, the cotton fiber and the stainless steel short fiber are mutually intertwined in the internal and external transfer process, so that the cotton/stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding with certain strength is obtained.
Preferably, the cotton fiber adopts the average spinning stability parameter 132, the micronaire value 4.13, the upper half average length 29.28mm, the uniformity 82.4%, the short fiber rate 15.73%, the breaking strength 30.53cN/dtex, 40816-65 American cotton fiber containing water 7.29%, and the average spinning stability parameter 137, the micronaire value 4.71, the upper half average length 29.88mm, the uniformity 83.42%, the short fiber rate 13.09%, the breaking strength 30.7cN/dtex, 40892-62 American cotton fiber containing water 8.29%.
Preferably, the stainless steel short fibers are obtained by subjecting a stainless steel filament bundle to a stretch-breaking process on the same drawing frame.
Preferably, the stainless steel filament bundle has an average fineness of 40 μm, a linear density of 9.5dtex, a breaking strength of 98.85cN, an elongation at break of 29.54%, a hooking strength of 157.85cN, and a hooking elongation of 0.69%.
Preferably, the average length of the main body of the stainless steel short fibers in the stainless steel short fiber bundle is within ± 5% of the average length of the cotton fibers.
Preferably, in the first step, the mechanical total draft of the pre-draw frame is 6 to 6.3.
Preferably, in the first step, the draw ratio of the lap-winder is 2 to 2.5.
Preferably, in the first step, the mechanical total draft of the combing machine is 100-.
Preferably, in the second step, the average major length of the stainless steel short fibers in the stainless steel short fiber bundle is within ± 5% of the average length of the cotton fibers.
Preferably, in the second step, the total draft multiple of the left draft system and the right draft system in the second step is between 5 and 6.
Has the advantages that: according to the production method of the cotton and stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding, the stainless steel filament bundle is subjected to stretch cutting twice on one drawing frame, so that the stainless steel filament bundle is cut off more accurately and uniformly, two fibers in the finally spun cotton/stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding are mixed more uniformly, and the electromagnetic shielding effect of the blended yarn is improved.
Detailed Description
The following examples further illustrate the present invention but are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Modifications and substitutions to methods, procedures, or conditions of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and substance of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The blended yarn spun by a FA507A ring spinning frame is 70/30, and the linear density is 21SThe cotton/stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding is exemplified.
(1) Selection of technological process and machine
Cotton: BO-A type automatic plucker → SP-MF multifunctional separator → MX-I6 multi-bin cotton mixer → CL-C1 gill needle beater scutcher → YQ600H foreign fiber machine → SP-DX strong dust removal → TC5-1C cotton carding machine → FA313B pre-drawing frame → CL15 lap combination machine → CJ-60 combing machine
Stainless steel filament bundle: HSR1000 drawing frame (drawing system is modified to carry out two-time feeding stretch breaking)
Cotton combed sliver + stainless steel short fiber bundle: HSR1000 drawing frame (three paths) → JWF1415 roving frame → QFA1528 spinning frame
(2) Design of key process parameters
Cotton carding
TABLE 1 carding process
Cotton pre-drawing
TABLE 2 Pre-drawing Process
Combining and rolling cotton sliver
TABLE 3 ribbon lap draft design
Cotton combing
TABLE 4 combing Process design
Drawing
TABLE 5 drawing process configuration Table
Rough yarn
TABLE 6 roving Process
Spun yarn
TABLE 7 spinning process
(3) Resultant yarn quality test
TABLE 8 yarn quality at different twist multiplier
Claims (10)
1. A production method of yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel mixed spinning is characterized in that the yarn is formed by blending cotton fiber and stainless steel short fiber, the cotton fiber is orderly subjected to blowing-carding and combing processes to prepare a cotton combed strip, the stainless steel long tow is drafted and cut twice by a drawing frame to obtain a stainless steel short fiber bundle, wherein a drawing system of the drawing frame is a three-roller double-zone drafting structure of a rear roller pair consisting of a rear lower roller and a rear upper rubber roller, a middle lower roller and a middle upper rubber roller, a front lower roller and a front upper rubber roller, the three-roller double-zone drafting structure comprises a left drafting system and a right drafting system, the middle upper rubber roller of the left drafting system adopts a small-diameter rubber roller, so that the middle upper rubber roller and the middle lower roller of the left drafting system are suspended, the stainless steel long tow is firstly drafted for the first time between the rear roller pair and the front roller pair of the left drafting system of the drawing, so that stainless steel filaments in the stainless steel filament bundle are cut into stainless steel short fibers with the average main body length equal to the center distance of the lower rollers between the back roller pair and the front roller pair to obtain a first stainless steel short fiber bundle, then the first stainless steel short fiber bundle is subjected to secondary stretch-cutting on the back roller pair, the middle roller pair and the front roller pair of a right drafting system of the drawing frame in sequence, the center distance of the lower rollers between the back roller pair and the middle roller pair of the right drafting system is equal to the center distance of the lower rollers between the middle roller pair and the front roller pair, so that the stainless steel short fibers in the first stainless steel short fiber bundle are cut into the stainless steel short fibers with the average main body length equal to the center distance of the lower rollers between the back roller pair and the middle roller pair, then the required stainless steel short fiber bundle is obtained, and then the stainless steel short fiber bundle and the cotton strips are subjected to three-strip doubling to prepare the cotton/stainless steel hybrid strips, and then the cotton/stainless steel mixed spinning yarn for electromagnetic shielding is prepared by roving and spun yarn in sequence, which comprises the following production steps:
firstly, arranging the selected cotton bales on conveyor belts at two sides of a reciprocating plucker in proportion, grabbing cotton fibers in the arranged cotton bales through the circulating reciprocating movement of the reciprocating plucker, feeding the cotton fibers grabbed in proportion into a multifunctional separator, and separating and removing large impurities in the multifunctional separator through the gravity difference between a large impurity rigid body and a fiber flexible body; the cotton fibers output by the multifunctional separator are sent into a multi-bin cotton mixer, the time for the cotton fibers in different batches and production places to move to a junction point is different in a plurality of cotton boxes of the multi-bin cotton mixer, and the cotton fibers in the different batches and the production places are grabbed by the cotton grabbing machine, so that the mixing action of the cotton fibers in the different batches and the production places is realized, and meanwhile, the small massive rigid impurities or the small flexible impurities in the cotton fibers are separated and removed by utilizing the action of negative pressure airflow in the moving process of the cotton fibers; the cotton fiber output by the multi-bin cotton mixer is then sent into a carding beater scutcher, the mixed cotton fiber realizes striking and opening effects in a free state under the action of a carding beater in the scutcher, so that a larger blocky structure of the cotton fiber is struck and opened into a smaller blocky or fiber bundle shape, and meanwhile, in a cotton box of the scutcher, the output of a cotton layer with uniform thickness and quality at the bottom of the cotton box is realized under the action of gravity of the cotton fiber fed into the cotton box through the control of the height of the cotton fiber fed into the cotton box; the cotton layer output by the scutcher is sent into a different fiber machine, the fibers in the cotton layer are shot in a single fiber shape under the action of double high-definition cameras in the different fiber machine, and the foreign fibers mixed in the fibers are sprayed out under the action of a high-speed spray gun through a corresponding image processing technology, so that the foreign fibers mixed in the cotton fibers are removed; the cotton layer output by the foreign fiber machine is then sent into a strong dust remover, fine impurities in the cotton fibers are further removed under the action of high-speed airflow of the strong dust remover, and the cotton fibers are pressed into uniform cotton layers to be output; the uniformly output cotton layer is then sent into a carding machine, in the carding machine, the uniformly fed cotton layer is firstly tightly pressed between a feeding roller and a feeding plate, the cotton layer is output under the drive of the rotation of the feeding roller, the tail end of the cotton fiber in the output cotton layer is tightly pressed between the feeding roller and the feeding plate, the head end of the cotton fiber is continuously held by a carding cylinder, the cotton fiber is continuously stripped by the carding roller along with the rotation of the feeding roller, the cotton fiber stripped by the carding roller is continuously stripped by a cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the carding roller along with the rotation of the carding roller, a movable cover plate is arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder, the free carding of the cotton fiber stripped by the cylinder under a free state is realized along with the relative rotation of the cylinder and the movable cover plate, meanwhile, a fixed cover plate is arranged on the outer circumference of the cylinder, and under the fixed action of the fixed cover plate, the cotton fiber on the surface of the cylinder can not be separated from the circumference of the cylinder under the action of centrifugal force, a doffer device with the diameter smaller than that of the cylinder is arranged on the other side of the cylinder, under the rotation of the doffer, a part of cotton fibers on the cylinder are stripped by the doffer, the rest cotton fibers are continuously and freely carded along with the rotation of the cylinder until being stripped by the doffer, the cotton fibers stripped by the doffer are stripped by a stripping roller and then are pressed into strips by a large pressing roller through a cotton guider, so that cotton slivers are obtained, and the cotton slivers which are pressed into strips are continuously wound on a sliver can through a coiler; the cotton slivers output by the carding machine are sent into a pre-drawing machine, 6 cotton slivers are jointly fed into the pre-drawing machine, so that the fed 6 cotton slivers are stretched and thinned under the action of the drafting force of a drafting system of the pre-drawing machine, then the 6 stretched and thinned slivers are combined again in a parallel state, the cotton pre-drawing with the quantitative difference between the fixed quantity and the fed cotton slivers within 10% is obtained, and the evenness of the obtained cotton pre-drawing is effectively improved in the combining process; the cotton pre-drawing strip output by the pre-drawing machine is sent into a doubling and rolling combination machine, 24-28 cotton pre-drawing strips are jointly fed into the doubling and rolling combination machine, so that the fed cotton pre-drawing strip is slightly stretched and thinned under the action of the drafting force of a drafting system of the doubling and rolling combination machine, cotton fibers in the cotton pre-drawing strip are further straightened, then the slightly stretched cotton pre-drawing strip is re-parallel and combined to obtain a cotton roll with better fiber straightening degree and more uniform quality, and the preparation process before combing is realized; the lap output by the lap combining combination machine is then sent into a combing machine, 8 laps are jointly fed into the combing machine, so that the fed laps are stretched and thinned again under the action of large drafting force to obtain a cotton combing strip, and in the large drafting process, the deep combing effect on the cotton fibers in the laps is realized, so that in the deep combing process, on one hand, fine impurities in the cotton fibers are further removed, on the other hand, the short cotton fibers are separated and removed, and the consistency of the lengths of the cotton fibers in the obtained cotton combing strip is greatly improved;
secondly, feeding the stainless steel filament bundle into a first collecting machine, and obtaining the stainless steel short fiber bundle through twice drafting and cutting of the same first collecting machine, wherein the first collecting machine comprises a drafting system, the drafting system comprises a left drafting system and a right drafting system, the structures of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are the same, the first collecting machine comprises a rear roller pair consisting of a rear lower roller and a rear upper rubber roller, a middle roller pair consisting of a middle lower roller and a middle upper rubber roller, and a front roller pair consisting of a front lower roller and a front upper rubber roller, the sizes and the structures of the rear lower roller, the rear upper rubber roller, the middle lower roller, the front lower roller and the front upper rubber roller of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are all the same, the diameter of the middle upper rubber roller of the left drafting system is smaller than that of the middle upper rubber roller of the right drafting system, and the center distance between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair of the left drafting system is equal to that between the middle roller pair and the front, equal to the average length of cotton fibers, when in use, the back lower roller and the back upper rubber roller of the right drafting system are tightly pressed, the middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber roller are tightly pressed, the front lower roller and the front upper rubber roller are tightly pressed, the back lower roller and the back upper rubber roller of the left drafting system are tightly pressed, the middle lower roller and the middle upper rubber roller are suspended, the front lower roller and the front upper rubber roller are tightly pressed, the back lower rollers of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are integrally connected, the middle lower rollers are integrally connected, and the front lower rollers are integrally connected, so that the rotating speeds of the back lower rollers, the middle lower rollers and the front lower rollers of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are kept consistent, the total drafting multiples of the left drafting system and the right drafting system are completely the same, 6 stainless steel filament bundles are jointly fed into the left drafting system through a horn mouth at the back part of the back roller of the left drafting system, the rear end of the fed 6 stainless steel filament bundles is pressed by a rear roller pair of a left drafting system, the front end of the fed 6 stainless steel filament bundles is pressed by a front roller pair of the left drafting system, so that under the action of drafting force generated under the total drafting multiple of the left drafting system, the stainless steel filament bundles are subjected to primary drafting and cutting between the rear roller pair and the front roller pair of the left drafting system of the drawing frame, stainless steel filaments in the stainless steel filament bundles are subjected to drafting and cutting into stainless steel short fibers with the average main body length equal to the center distance between the rear roller pair and the front roller pair, so that first stainless steel short fiber bundles are obtained, the 6 first stainless steel short fiber bundles are fed into a right drafting system through a horn mouth at the rear part of the rear roller pair of the right drafting system together, the first ends of the fed 6 first stainless steel short fiber bundles are pressed by the rear roller pair of the right drafting system, and the front ends of the fed 6 first stainless steel short fiber bundles are pressed by a middle, thus under the action of the drafting force generated under the drafting multiple of the rear drafting zone of the right drafting system, the first stainless steel short fiber bundle is subjected to secondary drafting and cutting between the rear roller pair and the middle roller pair of the right drafting system of the drawing frame, the rear end of the stainless steel short fiber bundle obtained through secondary drafting and cutting is pressed by the middle roller pair of the right drafting system, the front end of the stainless steel short fiber bundle is pressed by the front roller pair of the right drafting system, so that under the action of the drafting force generated under the drafting multiple of the front drafting zone of the right drafting system, the third drafting and cutting are performed between the middle roller pair and the front roller pair of the right drafting system of the drawing frame, and finally, under the action of the drafting force generated under the total drafting multiple of the right drafting system, the first stainless steel short fiber bundle is subjected to right drafting system of the drawing frame, and the stainless steel short fiber bundle is cut into pieces with the average main body length equal to that the length of the stainless steel short fiber bundle between the rear roller pair and the stainless steel short fiber with the center distance between the pair of rollers and the front roller pair is aligned, and then the required stainless steel short fiber bundle is obtained;
thirdly, feeding the cotton combed sliver obtained in the first step and the stainless steel short fiber bundle obtained in the second step into a second drawing frame together, and obtaining a first cotton/stainless steel mixed sliver through the drafting, thinning, merging and mixing actions of the second drawing frame, wherein the number of the fed cotton combed sliver and the number of the stainless steel short fiber bundle are determined according to the blending ratio of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers in the finally spun cotton/stainless steel mixed electromagnetic shielding yarn, the sum of the number of the fed cotton combed sliver and the number of the stainless steel short fiber bundle is less than or equal to 8, and the difference between the total drafting multiple of the second drawing frame and the sum of the number of the fed cotton combed sliver and the stainless steel short fiber bundle is set within +/-10 percent, so that the fed cotton combed sliver and the stainless steel short fiber bundle generate mutual slippage action between the fibers in the cotton combed sliver and the stainless steel short fiber bundle under the action of the drafting force generated by the total drafting multiple of the second drawing frame, thereby being stretched and thinned, and simultaneously the stretched and thinned cotton combed strips and the stainless steel short fiber bundles are parallelly combined, thereby realizing the mixing action of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers in a parallel state; feeding the prepared first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips into a third drawing frame, drafting, thinning and parallel-combining the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips by the third drawing frame to obtain second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips, wherein the number of the fed first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is less than or equal to 6, and the difference between the total draft multiple of the third drawing frame and the number of the fed first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is set within +/-8 percent, so that the fibers in the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are subjected to mutual sliding action under the action of the draft force generated by the total draft multiple of the third drawing frame, the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are stretched and thinned, and the first cotton/stainless steel mixed strips which are stretched and thinned are parallel-combined are subjected to parallel-combining, so that the linear density of cotton fiber bundles and stainless steel short fiber bundles in the parallel state in the obtained second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is reduced, The number is increased, so that more uniform and fine mixing of cotton fibers and stainless steel short fibers in a parallel state is indirectly realized; feeding the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips into a fourth drawing frame, drafting, thinning and parallel-combining the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips by the fourth drawing frame to obtain third cotton/stainless steel mixed strips, wherein the number of the fed second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is less than or equal to 4, and the difference between the total draft multiple of the fourth drawing frame and the number of the fed second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is set within +/-5%, so that the fibers in the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are subjected to mutual sliding action under the action of the draft force generated by the total draft multiple of the fourth drawing frame, the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips are stretched and thinned, and the second cotton/stainless steel mixed strips which are stretched and thinned are parallel-combined, so that the linear density of the cotton fiber bundles and the stainless steel short fiber bundles in the parallel state in the obtained third cotton/stainless steel mixed strips is reduced, The number is increased, so that more uniform and fine mixing of cotton fibers and stainless steel short fibers in a parallel state is indirectly realized;
fourthly, feeding the third cotton/stainless steel mixed strip prepared in the third step into a roving frame, and obtaining cotton/stainless steel mixed roving through drafting, thinning and twisting and interlacing of the roving frame, wherein 1 third cotton/stainless steel mixed strip is fed, and the drafting multiple of the roving frame is set to be between 5 and 10, so that under the action of the drafting force generated by the total drafting multiple of the roving frame, the fibers in the fed third cotton/stainless steel mixed strip generate mutual sliding action, thereby being stretched and thinned, and the fibers in the mixed strip generate internal and external transfer action under the action of the twisting and twisting degree of the roving frame, thereby realizing the mixing action of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers under the internal and external transfer, and the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers generate mutual interlacing in the internal and external transfer processes, thereby obtaining the cotton/stainless steel blended roving with certain strength; then feeding the prepared cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving into a spinning frame, obtaining the finally required cotton/stainless steel blended spinning electromagnetic shielding yarn through the drafting, attenuation and twisting and interlacing of the spinning frame, wherein 1 piece of cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving is fed, the total drafting multiple of the spinning frame is determined according to the quantitative quantity of the fed cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving and the quantitative calculation of the required spun cotton/stainless steel blended spinning electromagnetic shielding yarn, so that under the action of the drafting force generated by the total drafting multiple of the spinning frame, the fibers in the fed cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving are subjected to mutual sliding action, the stretched and thinned cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving is subjected to internal and external transfer action under the action of twisting degree of the stretched and thinned cotton/stainless steel blended spinning roving, and the mixing action of the cotton fibers and the stainless steel short fibers under the internal and external transfer is realized, the cotton fiber and the stainless steel short fiber are mutually intertwined in the internal and external transfer process, so that the cotton/stainless steel hybrid yarn for electromagnetic shielding with certain strength is obtained.
2. The method for producing a yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel mixture according to claim 1, wherein the cotton fiber is a beauty cotton fiber having an average spinning stability parameter 132, a micronaire value of 4.13, an average top half length of 29.28mm, a uniformity of 82.4%, a short fiber rate of 15.73%, a breaking strength of 30.53cN/dtex, a water content of 7.29%, a beauty cotton fiber having an average spinning stability parameter 137, a micronaire value of 4.71, an average top half length of 29.88mm, a uniformity of 83.42%, a short fiber rate of 13.09%, a breaking strength of 30.7cN/dtex, or a beauty cotton fiber having a water content of 8.29%.
3. The method for producing a yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel hybrid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the stainless steel short fiber is obtained by subjecting a bundle of stainless steel filaments to a stretch-breaking process on the same drawing frame.
4. The method for producing a yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel hybrid spinning according to claim 1, wherein the average fineness of the bundle of stainless steel filaments is 40 μm, the linear density is 9.5dtex, the breaking strength is 98.85cN, the elongation at break is 29.54%, the hooking strength is 157.85cN, and the hooking elongation is 0.69%.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the average major length of the stainless steel staple fibers in the stainless steel staple fiber bundle is within ± 5% of the average length of the cotton fibers.
6. The method for producing a yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel hybrid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first step is a pre-drawing frame having a mechanical total draft multiple of 6 to 6.3.
7. The method for producing a yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel hybrid as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the draw ratio of the lap combiner is 2 to 2.5.
8. The method for producing yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel hybrid spinning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mechanical total draft of the combing machine in the first step is 100-115.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the average major length of the stainless steel staple fibers in the stainless steel staple fiber bundle is within ± 5% of the average length of the cotton fibers in the second step.
10. The method for producing a yarn for electromagnetic shielding of cotton and stainless steel hybrid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the total draft ratio of the left draft system and the right draft system in the second step is 5 to 6.
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