CN109650253B

CN109650253B - Crane stop device

Info

Publication number: CN109650253B
Application number: CN201910022176.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 靳慧; 王洁; 陈国良
Original assignee: Southeast University
Current assignee: Southeast University
Priority date: 2019-01-10
Filing date: 2019-01-10
Publication date: 2020-08-11
Anticipated expiration: 2039-01-10
Also published as: CN109650253A

Abstract

The invention provides a stop device of a crane, which comprises a pressing plate arranged at the end part of a crane rail and a baffle plate arranged at the end part of the pressing plate, wherein one end of the pressing plate is hinged and fixed on the rail, and the other end of the pressing plate inclines relative to the rail to form an inclined plane facing a crane wheel; a cushioning structure is arranged between the pressure plate and the track; the baffle and the crane wheels are respectively arranged at two sides of the pressure plate; the crane wheels can move to the pressing plate along the crane rail, and the baffle can prevent the crane wheels from moving continuously. The crane stop device provided by the invention has the advantages that: when the crane is pressed on the pressing plate, the kinetic energy of the crane is converted into elastic potential energy and gravitational potential energy, a good deceleration buffering effect is achieved, the crane can be effectively prevented from collapsing due to the fact that the center of gravity of the crane rises, meanwhile, when the pressing plate cannot be used for complete deceleration buffering, further movement of the crane wheels can be prevented through the baffle, the effect of stopping the crane wheels can be achieved, the structure is simple, safety and reliability are achieved, and the good popularization prospect is achieved.

Description

Crane stop device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of crane braking, in particular to a stop device of a crane.

Background

The crane is important equipment in industrial production, has the characteristics of large volume, great self weight and high running speed, and has certain potential safety hazard when braking is stopped, the prior art mainly adopts the brake of the iron shoes, the iron shoes are arranged on the track and provided with the inclined baffle plates facing the crane wheels, and the crane wheels stop moving when moving to the iron shoes and meeting the baffle plates, so that the rolling of the crane wheels is changed into the sliding of the iron shoes along the track, and the moving friction force is increased to brake the crane wheels; when the crane wheel is in work, if the speed of the crane wheel is high, the crane wheel can move to the baffle plate, the gravity center of the crane wheel is lifted to leave the track, and the crane wheel can topple over at the moment, so that the crane wheel is braked by using the iron shoes, the risk of toppling over is caused, and the personal and property safety of a site is threatened.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a stop device capable of preventing a crane wheel from being unstable.

The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:

a stop device of a crane comprises a pressing plate arranged at the end part of a crane rail and a baffle arranged at the end part of the pressing plate, wherein one end of the pressing plate is hinged and fixed on the rail, and the other end of the pressing plate inclines relative to the rail to form an inclined plane facing a crane wheel; a cushioning structure is arranged between the pressure plate and the track; the baffle and the crane wheels are respectively arranged at two sides of the pressure plate; the crane wheels can move to the pressing plate along the crane rail, and the baffle can prevent the crane wheels from moving continuously.

Preferably, the pressure plate is provided with an anti-skid belt, so that the crane wheel consumes kinetic energy when climbing a slope and overcoming the friction of the anti-skid belt.

Preferably, the position where the baffle contacts the crane wheel is also provided with a cushion pad.

Preferably, the barrier is an arcuate plate, viewed in a direction perpendicular to the plane in which the crane wheel and the rail lie.

Preferably, the baffle is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inclined end of the pressure plate far away from the crane wheel.

Preferably, the cushioning structure comprises a spring fixed between the pressure plate and the rail.

Preferably, the pressing plate is at least fixedly connected with the spring on one side close to the baffle and the arc-shaped end part of the baffle, the outer side of the arc-shaped area of the baffle is hinged with a supporting rod, the other end of the supporting rod is hinged with a sliding block, the sliding block is movably arranged on the rail along the moving direction of the crane wheel, and the baffle can move between the following two states in the plane where the crane wheel moves: in the state A, the pressing plate is naturally fixed, the spring is basically in a natural state, the sliding block is far away from the baffle, and the arc top of the baffle is close to the track; and in the state B, the pressure plate is pressed down by the crane wheel, the spring provides elastic support for the end part of the baffle, and the arc top of the baffle is basically positioned on the motion track of the crane wheel.

Preferably, the track is further provided with a stop block, and when the baffle is in the state B, the stop block can stop the sliding block from moving towards the direction far away from the crane wheel.

Preferably, the stop block is movably arranged on the track along the vertical direction, and when the baffle is in the state B, the stop block is positioned on one side of the slide block, which is far away from the baffle, and is abutted against the slide block.

Preferably, the stop block is made of ferromagnetic material, a polish rod is arranged below the stop block, the polish rod freely passes through an electromagnet, a drive spring limited between the stop block and the electromagnet is sleeved on the polish rod, and when the drive spring is in a natural state, the stop block protrudes above the surface of the track; when the electromagnet is powered on, the electromagnet can provide attraction force for the stop block to contract below the surface of the track.

Preferably, one surface of the blocking block, which is back to the baffle, is a naturally transitional inclined surface, and the surface of the blocking block, which is facing the baffle, is of a stepped structure.

The crane stop device provided by the invention has the advantages that: when the crane moves on the pressing plate, the kinetic energy of the crane is converted into elastic potential energy, gravitational potential energy and internal energy through the spring, the pressing plate anti-skidding structure, the cushion pad, the pressing plate material, angle control and the like, so that a good deceleration buffering effect is achieved, the crane can be effectively prevented from being unstable and collapsing caused by gravity center rising, meanwhile, when the pressing plate can not completely perform deceleration buffering, the further movement of the crane wheels can be prevented through the baffle, the continuous movement of the crane can be prevented through the energy consumption sliding block and the electromagnet blocking block, the stop effect can be ensured, and the crane has the advantages of simple structure, safety, reliability and good popularization prospect.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a crane stop device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a baffle plate supine position of a stop device of a crane provided by an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a baffle plate of the stop device of the crane provided by the embodiment of the invention in a standing state;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a stop block of a crane stop device provided by an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, a stop device of a crane comprises a pressing plate 1 arranged at the end part of a crane track 3 and a baffle 2 arranged at the end part of the pressing plate 1, wherein one end of the pressing plate 1 is hinged and fixed on the track 3, the other end of the pressing plate 1 is inclined relative to the track 3 to form an inclined surface facing a crane wheel 4, and a cushioning structure 11 is arranged between the pressing plate 1 and the track 3; the baffle 2 and the crane wheel 4 are respectively arranged at two sides of the pressure plate 1; crane wheel 4 can move to clamp plate 1 along track 3 on, under the effect of crane wheel 4, the slope end of clamp plate 1 oppresses bradyseism structure 11 for hinged end downstream, crane wheel 4 moves along the clamp plate 1 of slope and turns into partial gravitational potential energy with power, most elastic potential energy that turn into bradyseism structure 11, thereby realize the purpose of buffering speed reduction, but only rely on the effect of stopping of clamp plate 1 to guarantee that crane wheel 4 stops completely, baffle 2 can prevent crane wheel 4 to continue to move, thereby realize the purpose of stopping. The crane wheels 4 which stop moving are under the elastic action of the cushioning structure 11 on the pressure plate 1, so that the crane wheels 4 are mainly under the action of vertical force, are not stressed in the horizontal direction, and can be driven to return to the track 3, thereby preventing the crane wheels 4 from being inclined and derailed due to the fact that the gravity center is lifted to leave the track 3, and ensuring production safety; to further prevent the crane wheel 4 from derailing, the pressure plate 1 and the barrier 2 may be set to be the same as the width of the rail 3.

In order to prevent the crane wheel 4 from falling down, when the crane wheel 4 is expected to be lifted too high in use, an anti-skid belt or an anti-skid texture perpendicular to the length of the pressure plate 2 can be arranged on the pressure plate 2 to consume the kinetic energy of the crane wheel 4.

The baffle plate 2 is an arc-shaped plate when viewed along a direction vertical to a plane where the crane wheel 4 and the rail 3 are located, a buffer cushion 21 is further arranged at a position where the baffle plate 2 is in contact with the crane wheel 4, and the buffer cushion 21 is made of deformable and buffering materials such as rubber; the cushioning structure 11 is preferably a spring 11 fixed between the pressure plate 1 and the rail 3.

The baffle 2 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inclined end of the pressure plate 1 far away from the crane wheel 4, and the crane wheel 4 can impact the fixedly arranged baffle 2 after moving onto the pressure plate 2, so that the effect of stopping the stop is achieved; the baffle 2 is fixed on the track 3.

Referring to fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the baffle 2 is movably arranged on the track 3; the barrier 2 is movable in the plane of the crane wheel 4 and the rail 3 between: in the state A, the pressing plate 1 is naturally fixed, the spring 11 is basically in a natural state, and the arc top of the baffle plate 2 is close to the track 3 and is basically equivalent to the baffle plate 2 lying on the track 3; and a state B: the pressure plate 1 is pressed down by the crane wheel 4, the compressed spring 11 provides elasticity for the end part of the baffle plate 2 to support the baffle plate to stand up relative to the track 3, and the arc top of the baffle plate 2 is basically positioned on the motion track of the crane wheel 4.

The arc-shaped end part of the baffle 2 is fixedly connected with the spring 11 on the pressing plate 1, the outer side of the arc-shaped area of the baffle 2 is hinged with a supporting rod 22, the other end of the supporting rod 22 is hinged with a sliding block 23, the sliding block 23 can freely slide on the track 3 along the length direction, one end of the baffle 2 is pressed on the track 3 through the elasticity of the spring 11, and the position adjustment of the baffle 2 can be realized through the movement of the sliding block 23 along the track 3. The slider 23 may be configured to fit the profile of the track 3 according to the profile configuration, and the specific configuration is conventional to those skilled in the art.

When the crane wheel 4 moves to the pressure plate 1, the spring 11 is compressed to provide elastic force for the end part of the baffle plate 2 to enable the baffle plate 2 to gradually stand from a supine posture, at the moment, the sliding block 23 freely moves along the track 3, when the crane wheel 4 moves to the end part of the pressure plate 1, the baffle plate 2 can abut against the crane wheel 4 to prevent the crane wheel 4 from continuing to move, but because the crane wheel 4 has large mass and certain speed, the baffle plate 2 can lie down under the impact of the crane wheel 4 and cannot effectively stop.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, in order to prevent the blocking plate 2 from being knocked down by the crane wheel 4, a blocking block 5 is further arranged on the rail 3, a through hole (not shown) penetrating in the vertical direction is formed in the rail 3, and the blocking block 5 is freely fixed in the through hole in the vertical direction; the stop block 5 is made of ferromagnetic material, a polish rod 51 is arranged below the stop block, the polish rod 51 freely passes through an electromagnet 52, a driving spring (not shown) limited between the stop block 5 and the electromagnet 52 is sleeved on the polish rod 51, when the driving spring is in a natural state, the stop block 5 protrudes above the surface of the track 3, and when the electromagnet 52 is electrified, the electromagnet can provide attraction force for enabling the stop block 5 to be contracted below the surface of the track 3. When the baffle 2 is in the state B, the circuit of the electromagnet 52 is disconnected, and the blocking block 5 is fixed on the side of the sliding block 23 far away from the crane wheel 4, so that the sliding block 23 is prevented from moving, and the blocking plate 2 is prevented from being knocked open.

In use, the electromagnet 52 can be switched off after the slider 23 has been moved through the through-hole in the rail 3, but the blocking block 5 may not have had time to lift the blocking slider 23 when the crane wheel 4 hits the stop 2. In a preferred embodiment, one side of the blocking block 5, which is back to the baffle 2, is a naturally transitional inclined surface, and one side of the blocking block, which is facing to the baffle 2, is a vertical surface matched with the sliding block 23, so that the circuit of the electromagnet 52 is disconnected when the crane wheel 4 moves onto the pressing plate 1 or before the crane wheel moves onto the pressing plate 1, the blocking block 5 is lifted, the baffle 2 is erected under the action of the spring 2 after the pressing plate 1 is pressed down, the sliding block 23 moves along the track 3 to press the blocking block 5 down, and the blocking block 5 is automatically lifted after the sliding block 23 moves over the highest point of the blocking block 5, so that the sliding block 23 is prevented from moving back; after the crane wheel 4 leaves the press plate, the electromagnet 52 is energized, the stop block 5 descends below the rail 3, and the slide block 23 moves along the rail 3 to make the baffle 2 lie on the back of the rail 3.

Furthermore, one surface of the blocking block 5 facing the baffle 2 can be arranged to be in a step shape, so that when the crane wheel 4 collides with the baffle 2, the sliding block 23 can be abutted against the blocking block 5 by a small distance moving in a direction away from the crane wheel 4, the baffle 2 is more stable, and the stopping effect is better.

Further, in order to prevent the dumping problem of the crane caused by the wheel being lifted, the following two measures are adopted for risk control: in the state A, an acute angle theta formed by the pressure plate 1 and the track 3 is controlled within 30 degrees, the pressure plate 1 is made of a material with a higher friction coefficient f, tan theta is less than or equal to f, and similar slope self-locking is formed, so that the lifting height of the crane wheel 4 is limited, and instability caused by overhigh gravity center is prevented; secondly, the springs 11 are high in rigidity, even if the inclination angle of the pressure plate 1 is not large, the crane wheels 4 can consume a large amount of kinetic energy in the climbing process, so that the climbing height of the crane wheels 4 is reduced, and possible instability of the crane wheels 4 due to overhigh lifting is reduced.

The circuit of the electromagnet 52 can be controlled manually, or can be set to be automatically controlled according to the actions of the crane wheel 4, the pressing plate 1 and the baffle 2 by adopting a laser signal in the prior art, and a linkage contact piece can be arranged on the pressing plate 1 or the baffle 2 to make the circuit automatically connected or disconnected when the pressing plate 1 or the baffle 2 moves to a certain position, which are specific choices on the basis of the content disclosed by the claims of the invention, so that creative labor is not required for a person skilled in the art, and the details are not described herein.

The above-mentioned embodiments, objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention are further described in detail, it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hoist stops device which characterized in that: the crane track comprises a pressing plate arranged at the end part of a crane track and a baffle arranged at the end part of the pressing plate, wherein one end of the pressing plate is hinged and fixed on the track, and the other end of the pressing plate inclines relative to the track to form an inclined plane facing a crane wheel; a cushioning structure is arranged between the pressure plate and the track; the baffle and the crane wheels are respectively arranged at two sides of the pressure plate; the crane wheels can move to the pressing plate along the crane track, and the baffle can prevent the crane wheels from moving continuously;

a buffer pad is arranged at the position where the baffle plate is contacted with the crane wheel;

the baffle is an arc-shaped plate when viewed along a direction vertical to a plane where the crane wheel and the rail are located;

the baffle is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inclined end of the pressure plate far away from the crane wheel;

the cushioning structure comprises a spring fixed between the pressing plate and the track;

specifically, the spring that is close to baffle one side at least on the clamp plate is connected with the arc tip fixed connection of baffle, and the arc region outside of baffle articulates and is connected with a bracing piece, and the bracing piece other end articulates and is connected with a slider, the slider sets up along crane wheel direction of motion activity on the track, the baffle can move between following two states in the plane at crane wheel motion place: in the state A, the pressing plate is naturally fixed, the spring is basically in a natural state, the sliding block is far away from the baffle, and the arc top of the baffle is close to the track; and in the state B, the pressure plate is pressed down by the crane wheel, the spring provides elastic support for the end part of the baffle, and the arc top of the baffle is basically positioned on the motion track of the crane wheel.

2. A crane stop device as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and when the baffle is in the state B, the stop block can prevent the sliding block from moving towards the direction far away from the crane wheel.

3. A crane stop device according to claim 2, wherein: the stop block is movably arranged on the track along the vertical direction, and when the baffle is in the state B, the stop block is positioned on one side of the slide block, which is far away from the baffle, and is abutted against the slide block.

4. A crane stop device according to claim 3, wherein: the stop block is made of ferromagnetic material, a polished rod is arranged below the stop block, the polished rod freely passes through an electromagnet, a driving spring limited between the stop block and the electromagnet is sleeved on the polished rod, and when the driving spring is in a natural state, the stop block protrudes out of the surface of the track; when the electromagnet is powered on, the electromagnet can provide attraction force for the stop block to contract below the surface of the track.

5. A crane stop device according to claim 4, wherein: one side of the blocking block, which is back to the baffle, is a naturally transitional inclined plane, and the side of the blocking block, which faces the baffle, is of a stepped structure.