CN109648178A - A kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process - Google Patents
A kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process Download PDFInfo
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- CN109648178A CN109648178A CN201910113430.7A CN201910113430A CN109648178A CN 109648178 A CN109648178 A CN 109648178A CN 201910113430 A CN201910113430 A CN 201910113430A CN 109648178 A CN109648178 A CN 109648178A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation processes, include the following steps, S1. sets reasonable heat exchanger tube and tubesheet dimension tolerance；S2. the welding method and welding gun structure size for being suitable for exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing all positon complete penetraction and fusion in welding are selected；S3. design be conducive to group to and complete penetraction and fusion in welding divided edge structure and size；S4. tube bank assembling；S5. exchanger tubes and tubesheets centering, group pair and welding；S6. exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing quality testing.Operation of the present invention is simple, and group is high to quality, and the factor that exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing quality is influenced in welding process is controllable, and quality of weld joint is reliable and stable, and qualification rate can reach 100%.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to shell-and-tube exchanger technical fields, and in particular to a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger heat exchanger tube and pipe
Plate banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process.
Background technique
Heat exchanger is widely used in reaction and heat in chemical process as the important device to exchange heat in chemical production process
In the circulatory system.Shell-and-tube exchanger is to be changed by the heat exchanger tube of tube sheet and respective numbers with multiple holes by each
Expanded joint between heat pipe and tube sheet is made of welded connection, and there are two types of forms for tube-to-tubesheet joint structure, and one is heat exchanger tubes to wear
The tubesheet holes bigger than heat exchange pipe outside diameter is crossed, connection is realized by one end tube to tube sheet welding that expanded joint or heat exchanger tube stretch out, in addition
A kind of structure is that a plane corresponding aperture of exchanger tubes and tubesheets is connected, and specific structure is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, changes
Heat pipe passes through tube sheet and tube sheet and realizes connection by expanded joint or welding manner, and exchanger tubes and tubesheets welding point is a kind of part weldering
Saturating welding point, weld size is small, and exchanger tubes and tubesheets hole inner wall is there are gap, and processing cost is low, the manufacturing cycle is short, and root is protected
The problem of shield effect is poor, and structural stress is concentrated greatly, be easy to cause crevice corrosion, root cracking, connector antidetonation and poor fatigue properties；
But since chemical reaction process is in many cases because corrosion requires to avoid designing gap between tube-to-tube sheet connection,
I.e. tube-to-tube sheet connection welding point is claimed as a kind of gapless complete penetraction and fusion in welding connector, to eliminate the end of exchanger tubes and tubesheets
Anti- crevice corrosion and stress corrosion resistant ability are improved in gap；Connector anti-vibration and fatigue strength are improved, and high temperature, height can be born
Pressure；It reduces tube sheet aperture and increases tube sheet rigidity, formed between a kind of exchanger tubes and tubesheets and use the butt weld of complete penetraction and fusion in welding
And banjo fixing butt jointing.This butt weld and banjo fixing butt jointing, common practice are to process annular at each tubesheet holes of tube sheet one side
Boss, annular convex platform and base material round-corner transition, annular convex platform diameter and thickness is consistent with the wall thickness of heat exchanger tube and diameter, passes through ring
Shape boss and heat exchanger tube realize butt weld and the banjo fixing butt jointing of complete penetraction and fusion in welding, this exchanger tubes and tubesheets butt weld banjo fixing butt jointing
Structure avoids connector stress collection medium and small, and bearing capacity is strong, and stress condition is good, gradually become harsh environment application heat exchanger tube with
One of the primary structure form of tube sheet connection.
In recent years, as (welding gun protrudes into inner bore welding device out of tubesheet holes, implements the side of welding from the inside of connector
Method) succeed in developing, the shell-and-tube exchanger of exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing is applied in chemical industry.But by
Heat exchanger tube in multiple holes and respective numbers on tubular heat exchanger tube sheet passes through butt welding, and heat exchanger tube diameter is small, wall thickness
It is thin, for a long time, in the fabrication process, since heat exchanger tube, the size of tube sheet and allowance control are not in place, group to quality error and
It cannot be guaranteed that heat exchanger tube cannot be concentric with corresponding tubesheet holes during welding procedure, misalignment or heat exchanger tube and corresponding tube sheet are caused
Boss group is uneven to gap at hole, welding gun work long hours occur error or operation it is unskilled, welding parameter is unstable, centering
Error etc., occurs that burn-through, weld seam be thinned, lack of penetration or penetrability defect in the tube-plate banjo fixing butt jointing welding process that causes to exchange heat
The defects of；And heat exchanger tube on tube sheet solid matter be distributed, pipe bridge is small, from heat exchange tube-plate banjo fixing butt jointing on the outside of repair welding, due to
The visual welding for stopping not implementing from banjo fixing butt jointing outer surface complete cycle of surrounding heat exchanger tube, reprocesses difficulty, and reprocess weld seam
Welding quality it is difficult to ensure that, the preparation method production efficiency of such existing shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing
Low, group is easy to appear deviation welding region to quality assurance difficulty, welding, and weldquality problem is relatively more, exchanger tubes and tubesheets
There are larger hidden dangers for banjo fixing butt jointing quality, or even cause largely to reprocess.
Butt weld banjo fixing butt jointing in order to guarantee the exchanger tubes and tubesheets complete penetraction and fusion in welding of shell-and-tube exchanger is efficient, high-quality
Production needs performance requirement and design feature for exchanger tubes and tubesheets complete penetraction and fusion in welding butt weld banjo fixing butt jointing, in conjunction with used
Welding technique and base material feature, manufacturing process, study reasonable preparation process, complete shell-and-tube exchanger heat exchanger tube with
The preparation of tube sheet complete penetraction and fusion in welding banjo fixing butt jointing.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation processes, are
On the basis of analyzing shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets connection structure and working ability, for exchanger tubes and tubesheets material
Material, butt weld banjo fixing butt jointing structure, welding procedure characteristic and quality requirement have invented simple and easy, easy to operate, preparation effect
The shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets butt weld banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process of rate height, reliable welding quality, solves
Shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing group is to of poor quality, and weld defect is more, and quality of weld joint is unstable to ask
Topic.
To achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical solutions:
A kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process, includes the following steps:
S1. reasonable heat exchanger tube and tubesheet dimension tolerance are set:
Set heat exchanger tube diameter, wall thickness and end face plane degree to be welded, heat exchanger tube end face to be welded and tube axis verticality
Dimensional tolerance, setting tube plate thickness, tube sheet bore dia, at tube sheet axially bored line and tube sheet face verticality, each tubesheet holes with exchange heat
Pipe mutually diameter and thickness deviation at weldering, at tubesheet holes welding surface flatness and this plane and the verticality of pore center line ruler
Very little tolerance；
S2. the welding method and welding gun structure size for being suitable for exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing all positon complete penetraction and fusion in welding are selected:
Special construction welding gun is cooperated using automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding, welding gun one end is provided with positioning plane, positions in plane
The heart is provided perpendicular to the core bar of plane, and core bar diameter is less than tubesheet holes, and the fixed tungsten electrode of the other end, core bar have at least tube sheet
Thickness length, and there is a length tolerance, using the mating this special construction welding gun of automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding, exchange heat from realizing
Pipe is welded with exchange heat pipe and tube sheet banjo fixing butt jointing all positon full penetration weld is realized on the inside of tube sheet banjo fixing butt jointing；
S3. design be conducive to group to and complete penetraction and fusion in welding divided edge structure and size:
According to exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing structure size, in conjunction with automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding feature, in Tubesheet Welding junction
An annular convex platform is designed at each hole to dock with heat exchanger tube, and controls the flatness of annular convex platform plane, so that in convex annular
Platform accurate can be bonded with heat exchanger tube welding ends group clock synchronization, and the internal diameter ring bigger than heat exchange pipe outside diameter is arranged in the periphery of annular convex platform
Shape protrusion, annular projection play positioning, liner and increase weld metal, heat exchanger tube and corresponding pore group to concentric so that
Misalignment is not caused with annular convex platform group clock synchronization, heat exchanger tube is made up and annular convex platform plane minim gap that may be present causes burn-through
And weld metal thickness is insufficient, guarantee group is to quality and welding process and stability of the welding quality；
S4. tube bank assembling:
Using tooling, tube sheet is stood vertically into fixation, guarantees verticality, baffle plate, pull rod are then successively assembled, after assembling
Adjust baffle hole and corresponding tubesheet holes be concentric, penetrate heat exchanger tube, holding heat exchanger tube can naturally with tube sheet corresponding on tube sheet
Hole center is concentric, and the annular convex platform that subregion is selected on exchanger tubes and tubesheets carries out examination group pair, and heat exchanger tube energy natural imbedding annular is prominent
Rise, and fitted closely with annular convex platform plane, then successively seal in heat exchanger tube by row, after completing poling, by baffle plate, tube sheet it
Between connecting plate load onto and weld completion, so that tube bank is formed relatively-stationary entirety, it is ensured that the baffle plate of tube bank, tube sheet it is opposite
Position is fixed, and guarantees that heat exchanger tube and corresponding tubesheet holes are concentric, to realize good group pair of each exchanger tubes and tubesheets；
S5. exchanger tubes and tubesheets centering, group pair and welding:
Exchanger tubes and tubesheets centering, group are to rear, by welding gun core bar along the tube sheet of exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing to be welded
Hole is inserted into from tube sheet planar side, is passed through tubesheet holes, is made annular convex platform plane of the welding gun core bar end tungsten electrode from Tubesheet Welding junction
Expose, welding gun positioning plane closely touch tube sheet planar, and adjustment welding gun is flexible, makes edge in tungsten electrode tip and annular convex platform plane
Then power supply is opened in centering, welding gun core bar is made to rotate a circle, determine tungsten electrode tip in rotary course always with annular convex platform
In plane along same plane and gap it is uniform, then corresponding heat exchanger tube is promoted, and heat exchanger tube is embedded in annular projection so that
End face to be welded is fitted closely with annular convex platform plane, then back protective cover is placed around exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing periphery,
And it is sent into protective gas, successively welding is completed according to the decaying blow-out of the high frequency starting the arc-fritting-rotating welding -410~420 °；
S6. exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing quality testing:
After the completion of welding, first weld joint on inner side and outer side weld are detected, joint welding should with base material rounding off, so
Special tooling is used afterwards, is filled with helium and water respectively on the inside of exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing, and helium leak test examination is carried out to weld seam
Test with water leak test, welding point No leakage be qualification.
Preferably, the thickness of the annular projection in the step S3 and height dimension and deviation are 0.8 ± 0.2mm.
Preferably, when penetrating heat exchanger tube in the step S4, realize that heat exchanger tube and corresponding tubesheet holes are concentric, and heat exchanger tube
End face to be welded can be freely embeddable the annular convex platform at corresponding tubesheet holes, and fit closely with plane, heat exchanger tube and corresponding tube sheet
Welding surface annular convex platform surface distance is 200~500mm.
Preferably, keep welding gun core bar and tubesheet holes concentric in the step S5, electric arc respective tube more than centering heat exchanger tube always
Plate hole butting grooves center, the initial position of tungsten electrode are placed between the position of tubesheet holes 9~12.
Preferably, further include simulation welding before the step S5, simulate welding method particularly includes: implement product operation
Before, simulating piece welding is carried out, the specification and divided edge structure that are connected with heat exchanger tube and tube sheet is consistent with a small amount of pipe
The simulating piece point in hole is welded in tube sheet side, guarantees that simulating piece plane and tube sheet face are in approximately the same plane, carries out simulating piece heat exchange
Pipe is debugged with the centering of tube sheet banjo fixing butt jointing, welding, and confirmation welding equipment system is normal, and operator is familiar with exchanger tubes and tubesheets docking
Welding process.
Preferably, 10~20 seconds in advance feeding protective gas when starting welding gun in the step S5.
Preferably, the protective gas that welding process uses in the step S5 for argon gas or the gaseous mixture of argon gas and helium,
Gas flow is 10~14L/min.
Preferably, weld joint on inner side is detected using endoscope in the step S6, and outside face of weld is put using 10 times
Big mirror is detected, and then carries out helium leak test and water leak detection detection using special tooling.
A kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process proposed by the present invention, with the prior art
Compare, have the advantage that using the present invention by root complete each exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing group to, welding, detection,
The size and allowance control of good part to be welded provide guarantee to quality and welding quality for subsequent group, by each in tube sheet
Annular convex platform periphery at hole increases the annular projection of certain altitude and thickness, improve group to and welding quality, after ensure that
Continuous welding process is stablized, improve group to and production efficiency, simulation welding, the setting of centering and welding process guarantee welding process
Middle welding process Plant in good condition, skilled operation, parameter stability guarantee that welding arc can be in exchanger tubes and tubesheets always and connect
Head center, realizes exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing high-efficiency high-quality welding manufacture, after all welding, by subsequent
Weld seam detection, gas pressure test and the water pressure test detect the welding quality of exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of existing tube-to-tubesheet joint structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is existing another tube-to-tubesheet joint structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of tube sheet of the invention；
Fig. 4 is Fundamentals of Welding schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure: 1, tube sheet；2, tubesheet holes；3, annular convex platform；4, annular projection；5, annular convex platform plane；6, welding gun；7, it welds
Rifle positions plane；8, welding gun core bar；9, tungsten electrode；10, heat exchanger tube.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Herein
Described specific embodiment is only used to explain the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention,
Every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, belongs to this hair
The range of bright protection.
Embodiment
The shell-and-tube heat exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation heat exchanger tube and tube sheet material of the present embodiment be
S30409, heat exchange tube specification are 25 × 2 × 21000mm of Φ, and totally 2150, tube sheet specification is 2080 × 140mm of Φ.
Stainless Steel Tubular Plates and the following Tables 1 and 2 of heat exchanger tube ingredient performance characteristics:
1 tube sheet of table and heat exchanger tube ingredient
The mechanical property of 2 tube sheet welding low-alloy steel Q345R of table
The present invention provides a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation processes, including walk as follows
It is rapid:
S1. reasonable heat exchanger tube and tubesheet dimension tolerance are set:
The processing of heat exchanger tube 10 and size tolerance requirements:
10 nominal diameter of heat exchanger tube and thickness should meet drawing requirement, and deburring not chamfering, size are answered in 10 end of heat exchanger tube
Franchise meets: 10 outer diameter of heat exchanger tube should reach Φ D ± 0.2mm；0~0.2mm of pipe thickness franchise；And it should ensure that end face to be welded is flat
Face degree is not more than ± 0.15mm, and end face and surfaces externally and internally degree control are at ± 0.15 °.
The processing of tube sheet 1 and size tolerance requirements:
1 nominal thickness of tube sheet meets drawing, and reaches tolerance: 1 thickness of tube sheet should reach T ± 1.5mm, tubesheet holes 2
It is 0.15mm with the verticality franchise in tube sheet face, the depth of parallelism franchise in tube sheet face is ± 0.2mm, 2 diameter tolerance of tubesheet holes is ±
0.15mm。
S2. the welding method and welding gun structure size for being suitable for exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing all positon complete penetraction and fusion in welding are selected:
Using automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding, welding gun 6 has welding gun to position plane 7, and welding gun core bar 8 and welding gun positioning plane 7 are protected
Vertical, special 8 diameter of phi 20mm of welding gun core bar, the fixed tungsten electrode 9 in 8 one end of welding gun core bar are held, the effective active length of welding gun 6 is
140±4mm。
S3. design be conducive to group to and complete penetraction and fusion in welding divided edge structure and size:
Annular convex platform 3 is processed on one side in tube sheet 1, and 3 outer diameter of annular convex platform is greater than 10 outer diameter of heat exchanger tube, outside annular convex platform 3
The annular projection 4 of Zhou Jiagong welding, the height and thickness control of annular projection 4 are in 0.8 ± 0.2mm.
S4. tube bank assembling:
Using assembly tool, tube sheet 1 is stood vertically, guarantees verticality, then successively assembles baffle plate, pull rod, assembling
Adjustment baffle plate is whole concentric with tube sheet 1 afterwards, penetrates heat exchanger tube 10, keeps heat exchanger tube 10 can be naturally corresponding on tube sheet 1
2 center of tubesheet holes is concentric, and the annular convex platform 3 that subregion is selected on heat exchanger tube 10 and tube sheet 1 carries out examination group pair, and heat exchanger tube 10 can be natural
It is embedded in 4 inside of annular projection on annular convex platform 3, and is fitted closely with annular convex platform plane 5, successively penetrates heat exchanger tube 10 by row,
Heat exchanger tube 10 and 3 200~500mm of distance of annular convex platform on corresponding tubesheet holes 2, completing will be between baffle plate, tube sheet 1 after poling
Connecting plate load onto and weld completion, it is ensured that the baffle plate of tube bank, the relative position of tube sheet 1 are fixed.
S5. welding, exchanger tubes and tubesheets centering, group pair and welding are simulated:
Before implementing product operation, simulating piece welding is carried out, by the specification being connected with heat exchanger tube 10 and tube sheet 1 and slope
The consistent simulating piece point with a small amount of tubesheet holes 2 of mouth structure is welded in 1 side of tube sheet, guarantees at simulating piece plane and 1 face of tube sheet
In approximately the same plane, carries out simulating piece heat exchanger tube 10 and 1 banjo fixing butt jointing centering of tube sheet, welding are debugged, confirm welding equipment system
Normally, operator is familiar with heat exchanger tube 10 and 1 butt welding process of tube sheet.
Determine that welding gun 6 and the source of welding current of automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding are intact, gas transmission is good, by welding gun 6 along tubesheet holes 2 to be welded
Planar side insertion, and so that the welding gun of welding gun 6 is positioned plane 7 and be bonded with 1 plane of tube sheet, stretch out 1 other end welding gun core bar 8 of tube sheet
Along centering in 9 end of tungsten electrode and 3 plane of annular convex platform, rotation is turned around, and electrode tip is with edge in 3 plane of annular convex platform same
In plane and gap is uniform, and tungsten electrode 9 is centered in 9~12 point ranges of tubesheet holes 2, and heat exchanger tube 10 to be welded is gently pushed away
Into making the end of heat exchanger tube 10 be inserted into the inside of annular projection 4 of annular convex platform 3, side ring in 10 end face of heat exchanger tube and annular convex platform 3
Shape boss plane 5 fits closely, and back protective cover is placed around heat exchanger tube 10 and 3 periphery of annular convex platform of tube sheet 1, and be passed through guarantor
Gas is protected, starts welding gun 6, is sent within 10~20 seconds in advance the mixing of argon gas or argon gas and helium that gas flow is 10~14L/min
Gas, from 9~12 starting the arc fritting and welding, welding parameter is 105 ± 15A of electric current, weldingvoltage 8-10V, speed of welding 1.5-
2.0mm/S rotates 410~420 ° of blow-outs and completes welding.
S6. exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing quality testing:
It exchanges heat pipe 10 and 1 banjo fixing butt jointing of tube sheet carries out surface quality detection, inside is detected using endoscope, outside
Detected using 10 times of magnifying glasses, joint welding should with base material rounding off, no burn-through, undercut, stomata, recess, crackle and
Then the defects of tungsten inclusion, uses special tooling, exchange heat pipe 10 and 1 connector of tube sheet carry out helium leak test and water leak test is examined
It surveys, welding point No leakage is qualification.
Test specimen is prepared for according to above scheme and carries out simulation test, and totally ten exchanger tubes and tubesheets dock tube head, three pipes
Head carries out tension test, tests strength of welded joint, and strength of joint meets related specification requirement；Remaining tube head is along tube axis one
Cuing open is 4, carries out macroscopical metallographic detection to four sections of each tube head respectively, throat depth is consistent with pipe thickness, does not find
Defect；Then after weld simultaneously pass the test by above scheme exchange heat pipe and tube sheet banjo fixing butt jointing, together with other component
Assembling carries out tube side and shell side air pressure experiment and the water pressure test, and tube side tests water pressure 0.98Mpa, and shell side tests water pressure
1.32Mpa, tube side gas pressure test are 0.4Mpa, shell side air pressure 0.7Mpa, and test is primary to be completed, and does not find to reveal, qualification rate
Reach 100%.
In summary: using the present invention by root complete each exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing group to, welding, detection,
The size and allowance control of good part to be welded provide guarantee to quality and welding quality for subsequent group, by each in tube sheet
Annular convex platform periphery at hole increases the annular projection of certain altitude and thickness, improve group to and welding quality, after ensure that
Continuous welding process is stablized, improve group to and production efficiency, simulation welding, the setting of centering and welding process guarantee welding process
Middle welding process Plant in good condition, skilled operation, parameter stability guarantee that welding arc can be in exchanger tubes and tubesheets always and connect
Head center, realizes exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing high-efficiency high-quality welding manufacture, after all welding, by subsequent
The welding quality of weld seam detection, gas pressure test and the water pressure test, confirmation exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing meets the requirements.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features,
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process, which comprises the steps of:
S1. reasonable heat exchanger tube and tubesheet dimension tolerance are set:
Set heat exchanger tube diameter, the size of wall thickness and end face plane degree to be welded, heat exchanger tube end face to be welded and tube axis verticality
Tolerance, setting tube plate thickness, tube sheet bore dia, tube sheet axially bored line at tube sheet face verticality, each tubesheet holes and heat exchanger tube phase
Diameter and thickness deviation at weldering, the size of welding surface flatness and this plane and the verticality of pore center line is public at tubesheet holes
Difference；
S2. the welding method and welding gun structure size for being suitable for exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing all positon complete penetraction and fusion in welding are selected:
Special construction welding gun is cooperated using automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding, welding gun one end is provided with welding gun positioning plane, and welding gun positioning is flat
Face is provided centrally with the welding gun core bar perpendicular to plane, and welding gun core bar diameter is less than tubesheet holes, and the fixed tungsten electrode of the other end, weldering
Rifle core bar has at least tube plate thickness length, and has a length tolerance, mating this special using automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding
Structure welding gun realizes exchange heat pipe and tube sheet banjo fixing butt jointing all positon full penetration weld on the inside of exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing
Welding；
S3. design be conducive to group to and complete penetraction and fusion in welding divided edge structure and size:
It is each in Tubesheet Welding junction in conjunction with automatic tungsten anode argon arc welding feature according to exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing structure size
Design an annular convex platform at hole dock with heat exchanger tube, and the flatness of control annular convex platform plane so that in annular convex platform and
Heat exchanger tube welding ends group clock synchronization accurate can be bonded, and it is prominent that the internal diameter annular bigger than heat exchange pipe outside diameter is arranged in the periphery of annular convex platform
It rises, annular projection plays positioning, liner and increase weld metal, and heat exchanger tube and corresponding pore group are to concentric, so that and ring
Shape boss group clock synchronization does not cause misalignment, makes up heat exchanger tube and annular convex platform plane minim gap that may be present causes burn-through and weldering
It is insufficient to stitch metal thickness, guarantee group is to quality and welding process and stability of the welding quality；
S4. tube bank assembling:
Using tooling, tube sheet is stood vertically into fixation, guarantees verticality, baffle plate, pull rod is then successively assembled, is adjusted after assembling
Baffle hole and corresponding tubesheet holes are concentric, penetrate heat exchanger tube, keep heat exchanger tube can be naturally and in tubesheet holes corresponding on tube sheet
The heart is concentric, and the annular convex platform that subregion is selected on exchanger tubes and tubesheets carries out examination group pair, and heat exchanger tube waits for welding end energy natural imbedding annular
Protrusion, end face to be welded are fitted closely with annular convex platform plane, then successively penetrate heat exchanger tube by row, after completing poling, by baffling
Completion is loaded onto and welded to connecting plate between plate, tube sheet, and tube bank is made to form relatively-stationary entirety, it is ensured that the baffle plate of tube bank,
The relative position of tube sheet is fixed, and guarantees that heat exchanger tube and corresponding tubesheet holes are concentric, to realize good group of each exchanger tubes and tubesheets
It is right；
S5. exchanger tubes and tubesheets centering, group pair and welding:
Exchanger tubes and tubesheets centering, group to rear, by welding gun core bar along exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing to be welded tubesheet holes from
The insertion of tube sheet planar side, passes through tubesheet holes, exposes welding gun core bar end tungsten electrode from the annular convex platform plane of Tubesheet Welding junction,
Welding gun positioning plane closely touch tube sheet planar, and adjustment welding gun is flexible, makes in tungsten electrode tip and annular convex platform plane along centering,
Then open power supply, welding gun core bar made to rotate a circle, determine tungsten electrode tip in rotary course always with annular convex platform plane
Interior edge same plane and gap it is uniform, then corresponding heat exchanger tube is promoted, and heat exchanger tube is embedded in annular projection, so as to be welded
End face is fitted closely with annular convex platform plane, then back protective cover is placed around exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing periphery, and send
Enter protective gas, successively completes welding according to the decaying blow-out of the high frequency starting the arc-fritting-rotating welding -410~420 °；
S6. exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing quality testing:
After the completion of welding, first weld joint on inner side and outer side weld are detected, then joint welding should be adopted with base material rounding off
With special tooling, be filled with helium or water respectively on the inside of exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing, to weld seam carry out helium leak test and
Water leak test, welding point No leakage are qualification.
2. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the thickness and height dimension and deviation of the annular projection in the step S3 are 0.8 ± 0.2mm.
3. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: when penetrating heat exchanger tube in the step S4, heat exchanger tube and corresponding tubesheet holes are concentric, and heat exchanger tube end face to be welded can be with pipe
Plate hole boss plane nature group to and fit closely, the annular convex platform surface distance of heat exchanger tube and corresponding tube sheet welding surface is 200
~500mm.
4. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: centering in the step S5 keeps welding gun core bar and tubesheet holes concentric, electric arc centering always heat exchanger tube to be welded and corresponding
Tube sheet butting grooves center, the initial position of tungsten electrode is placed between the position of tubesheet holes 9~12.
5. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: further including simulation welding before the step S5, simulates welding method particularly includes: before implementing product operation, carries out
Simulating piece welding, by the consistent simulation with a small amount of pore of the specification and divided edge structure that are connected with heat exchanger tube and tube sheet
Part point is welded in tube sheet side, guarantees that simulating piece plane and tube sheet face are in approximately the same plane, carries out simulating piece exchanger tubes and tubesheets
Banjo fixing butt jointing centering, welding debugging, confirmation welding equipment system is normal, and operator is familiar with exchanger tubes and tubesheets butt welding and takes over
Journey.
6. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: 10~20 seconds in advance feeding protective gas when starting welding gun in the step S5.
7. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: the protective gas that welding process uses in the step S5 is argon gas or the gaseous mixture of argon gas and helium, gas flow
For 10~14L/min.
8. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: weld joint on inner side is detected using endoscope in the step S6, and outside face of weld is carried out using 10 times of magnifying glasses
Detection.
9. a kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process according to claim 1, special
Sign is: special tooling is used in the step S6, exchange heat pipe and tube sheet joint carry out helium leak test and water leak detection detects.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910113430.7A CN109648178A (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2019-02-14 | A kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910113430.7A CN109648178A (en) | 2019-02-14 | 2019-02-14 | A kind of shell-and-tube exchanger exchanger tubes and tubesheets banjo fixing butt jointing preparation process |
Publications (1)
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| CN109648178A true CN109648178A (en) | 2019-04-19 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110253115A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-20 | 隆华科技集团（洛阳）股份有限公司 | A kind of welding method for titanium or titanium alloy threaded plug type air cooler tube sheet angle joint |
| CN111037065A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-21 | 中国科学院上海应用物理研究所 | Welding method for inner hole welding of tube plate of small-aperture heat exchange tube |
| CN111360373A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-03 | 鲁西工业装备有限公司 | U-shaped heat exchange tube and tube plate welding process and application thereof |
| CN112833699A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 九江检安石化工程有限公司 | Heat exchanger tube bundle tube plate interface welding process |
| CN113441818A (en) * | 2021-08-16 | 2021-09-28 | 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 | Welding method for tube plate of sodium-cooled fast reactor evaporator tube |
| CN113664342A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-19 | 西安航天华威化工生物工程有限公司 | Process for welding through strength welding joint between heat exchange tube and tube plate of reactor or heat exchanger |
| CN113953632A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-01-21 | 江苏利柏特股份有限公司 | Welding process method for large-diameter thick-pipe-wall elbow baffle plate |
| CN115740987A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-07 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Preparation method of high-precision fin-shaped thin-wall special-shaped part for gas turbine |
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| CN113664342A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-11-19 | 西安航天华威化工生物工程有限公司 | Process for welding through strength welding joint between heat exchange tube and tube plate of reactor or heat exchanger |
| CN113953632A (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-01-21 | 江苏利柏特股份有限公司 | Welding process method for large-diameter thick-pipe-wall elbow baffle plate |
| CN113953632B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-02-25 | 江苏利柏特股份有限公司 | Welding process method for large-diameter thick-pipe-wall elbow baffle plate |
| CN115740987A (en) * | 2022-12-06 | 2023-03-07 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Preparation method of high-precision fin-shaped thin-wall special-shaped part for gas turbine |
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