CN109642512A - The determination of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

The determination of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109642512A
CN109642512A CN201780053633.0A CN201780053633A CN109642512A CN 109642512 A CN109642512 A CN 109642512A CN 201780053633 A CN201780053633 A CN 201780053633A CN 109642512 A CN109642512 A CN 109642512A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
combustion engine
internal combustion
revolving speed
motor
cylinder
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Pending
Application number
CN201780053633.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
P·梅林格
J·马斯
U·舒尔茨
W·费舍
Z·埃塞克
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of CN109642512A publication Critical patent/CN109642512A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
    • F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
    • F02D41/1497—With detection of the mechanical response of the engine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
    • F02D29/06—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/008—Controlling each cylinder individually
    • F02D41/0087—Selective cylinder activation, i.e. partial cylinder operation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0097—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents using means for generating speed signals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M15/00—Testing of engines
    • G01M15/04—Testing internal-combustion engines
    • G01M15/042—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12
    • G01M15/046—Testing internal-combustion engines by monitoring a single specific parameter not covered by groups G01M15/06 - G01M15/12 by monitoring revolutions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
    • H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
    • H02P6/17—Circuit arrangements for detecting position and for generating speed information
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D2200/00—Input parameters for engine control
    • F02D2200/02—Input parameters for engine control the parameters being related to the engine
    • F02D2200/10—Parameters related to the engine output, e.g. engine torque or engine speed
    • F02D2200/101—Engine speed

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)

Abstract

The method that the present invention relates to one kind to determine the cylinder start and stop (128a) in internal combustion engine (112) by means of control unit, preferably by means of the adjuster (120) of the motor (114) coupled with internal combustion engine (112), comprising the following steps: the determining time graph with the revolving speed (122) of the motor (114) of internal combustion engine (112) coupling；At least one revolving speed mode (128) generated by internal combustion engine (112) is determined from the time graph of revolving speed (122), and wherein the revolving speed mode has the average value (D for being superimposed upon revolving speed (122)MD) time graph on oscillation (O)；Wherein, when identifying that oscillation (O) changes the characteristic of cylinder start and stop (128a), then it is inferred to the cylinder start and stop (128a) of internal combustion engine (112).In addition, further relating to a kind of corresponding computer program for being configured as executing the corresponding arithmetic element (118) of this method, there is one kind the motor (114) of the arithmetic element (118) and one kind execute arithmetic element according to the present invention (118) according to the method for the present invention.

Description

The determination of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine
Technical field
The method and a kind of arithmetic element that the present invention relates to a kind of for determining the cylinder start and stop in internal combustion engine, preferably For the adjuster for motor, further relate to a kind of for executing the computer program of this method.
Background technique
In order to adjust the onboard power system voltage in vehicle, the motor of motor, especially external drive can be used.Motor tool There is adjuster, which adjusts the exciting current of motor according to onboard power system voltage.Such motor is from DE 10 2012 It is known in 204 751A1.
Additionally known so-called intelligent controller, according to the internal combustion engine operation shape accordingly identified by engine controller State adjusts accordingly the exciting current of motor, to ensure internal combustion engine and the operation accordingly optimized of motor that couples therewith.
If hereinafter generally mentioning motor, which can also be used as generator and/or motor herein Operation.
As described in beginning, the identification of engine operating conditions is responsible for by the engine controller of internal combustion engine at present, should Engine controller identifies these operating statuses and by means of interface appropriate to motor based on the control setting of itself Adjuster makes the corresponding setting about each operating status of internal combustion engine.Therefore, the target that adjuster passes through onboard power system voltage Voltage setting, to control electric current output of the generator into vehicle onboard power grid.
However, this method is extremely complex, because each operating status of internal combustion engine is only started in outside by internal combustion engine Machine controller determines that identified operating status is transferred to the adjuster of motor, and then when needed, adjuster makees motor Out corresponding to the adjusting setting of each operating status of internal combustion engine.
In addition, there must be between adjuster and engine controller and remain communication connection, so that can Adjust accordingly motor.
Therefore it is expected that the running state recognition of internal combustion engine is not based on the adjusting setting of engine controller, and It is based on objective status variable or to be directly based upon measurand, which reliably reflects the operating status of internal combustion engine, and And it can independently be determined by the adjuster of motor.Furthermore it is desirable that, directly obtaining according to specifically determining measurand and thus Engine operating conditions come carry out to internal combustion engine couple motor corresponding adjusting setting.
Summary of the invention
Therefore a kind of method for determining the operating status of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine and a kind of operation list are proposed It is first and a kind of for executing the computer program of this method, it is respectively provided with the feature of independent claims.Advantageous design side Case is dependent claims and contents of object described below.
This method is used to determine the operating status of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine by control unit, and wherein control unit is preferred Ground is designed to the adjuster of the motor coupled with internal combustion engine.The operating status of cylinder start and stop can be regarded as targetedly deactivating And/or at least one cylinder of internal combustion engine is enabled, especially for accordingly decreasing fuel consumption (cylinder deactivation), or right The torque demand of internal combustion engine is realized in the case where improving by being correspondingly enabled or switched on the non-active cylinder of internal combustion engine.? This, non-active cylinder can be regarded as only passively following operating in internal combustion engine without combustion process.
Motor can be driven by internal combustion engine, and wherein motor is fixedly connected with internal combustion engine, and can be for example driven by means of belt Device is coupled on the crankshaft of internal combustion engine.Furthermore it is also feasible that motor is coupled by the crankshaft of freewheel and internal combustion engine.At this In the first step of method, by the determining time graph with the revolving speed of the motor of internal combustion engine coupling.
The determination of revolving speed is preferably carried out by the time graph of at least one phase signals of motor, wherein phase signals can Be motor stator side phase winding at least one phase voltage or phase current.In addition, determining replacing for revolving speed as from phase signals In generation, is additional, the determination of revolving speed can be carried out by means of speed probe, which may be provided in motor or motor It sentences and just determines revolving speed.
After this, it in another method step, determines from the time graph of identified motor speed and is produced by internal combustion engine Raw revolving speed mode, wherein the revolving speed mode has the oscillation being superimposed upon on the time graph of revolving speed average value.When in revolving speed When identifying the characteristic change in oscillation for cylinder start and stop in time graph, then it is inferred to by the assessment to revolving speed mode interior The cylinder start and stop of combustion engine.
The cylinder start and stop with the internal combustion engine of motor coupling, and nothing can be particularly simple identified inside motor in this way It need to be by the data of external unit, the engine controller of such as internal combustion engine.This determination is feasible, because in internal combustion engine In the case where any cylinder start and stop, passed due to the coupling between motor and internal combustion engine, particularly by the belt of driving motor Dynamic device transmits revolving speed mode or revolving speed feature between each other.
It has appreciated that the start and stop of cylinder, i.e. the optional of at least one cylinder of internal combustion engine are enabled or are deactivated Specific feature is left in the form and distribution of the oscillation or vibration that are superimposed with tach signal average value.As a result, once in revolving speed Time graph in identify this feature, be reliably inferred to the start and stop of cylinder of internal-combustion engine.It should be understood that can will turn Any standard feature of fast curve is stored in arithmetic element or in the adjuster of motor, with for there is currently instantaneous turn The revolving speed feature of speed is compared, to be adjusted if necessary.By the expansion stroke of cylinder of internal-combustion engine and/or compression or subtract The oscillation being superimposed upon on revolving speed average value caused by pressure, the static or quasi-static operating status for internal combustion engine is substantially the period Property, so that having at least in corresponding time interval can clearly defined frequency and amplitude.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, especially when identifying disappearing for amplitude in the time graph in oscillation It loses or occurs, particularly periodic blanks of amplitude or when occurring, then will conclude that the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine.
Since its corresponding torque is output to crankshaft by internal combustion engine in the form of a pulse, the frequency of torque output is basic On determined by the current rotating speed and number of cylinders of internal combustion engine.If present correspondingly some cylinder of start and stop, that is, enable or deactivate some Cylinder then will correspondingly change oscillation width wherein the cylinder is only passively followed and is operatively attached in internal combustion engine when deactivated The cyclic pattern of degree, because correspondingly generating pulse by greater number (cylinder enabling) or the cylinder of smaller amounts (cylinder deactivation) The torque item of formula.Cylinder start and stop can be reliably identified by means of this feature.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, when identifying retained amplitude in the time graph in oscillation When characteristic changes, then cylinder start and stop are inferred to.When the range of operation slide-in of internal combustion engine never cylinder deactivation has cylinder deactivation Range of operation when, then remaining active cylinder must adapter tube deactivated cylinder simultaneously torque, then this, which will lead to, is keeping actively Cylinder transient speed in oscillation, particularly oscillation amplitude change, in particular according to corresponding required torque Increase.In the case where cylinder enables, will be assigned at least another cylinder by the torque that internal combustion engine requires, this will lead to instantaneously The reduction of oscillation amplitude in revolving speed.The effect can be independent or additionally serves as the indicator that identification cylinder deactivation or cylinder enable.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, when influence frequency of oscillation the factor according to the quantity of start and stop cylinder and When variation, then cylinder start and stop are inferred to.The frequency for being superimposed upon the oscillation in the time average of revolving speed has frequency fmoment.This It is obtained approximately according to following formula: fmoment=NKw/ 60 × number of cylinders/2, wherein NKwFor the revolving speed of I. C. engine crankshaft, list Position is rpm.In the case where motor is coupled by means of V belt translation transposition and belt pulley and internal combustion engine, frequency is being determined fmomentWhen be also contemplated that possible transmission ratio between belt pulley when necessary.It can be seen that according to the functional relation, enabling or deactivating When, number of cylinders will be increased by addition or number of cylinders is reduced by subtraction.This feature in internal combustion engine speed curves can quilt Identify and be inferred to when recognizing this feature the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the average value determined from the time graph of revolving speed is used as and determines cylinder Another standard of start and stop, that is, be compared revolving speed average value at least first threshold, and when revolving speed average value is greater than threshold value When, another standard for cylinder start and stop existence is affirmative.It is furthermore preferred that in the scope for determining standard, Revolving speed average value is carried out compared with another threshold value, wherein another threshold value is greater than first threshold, and first threshold and another threshold Value defines the threshold band or the range of speeds of the operation at part load for generally including internal combustion engine.Above-mentioned standard is preferably cylinder start and stop Abundant standard.
Cylinder start and stop are carried out usually in the operation at part load of internal combustion engine in terms of engine control, because in the part The all torsion torque that internal combustion engine can be output is not needed in load operation.In principle, operation at part load includes the idling of internal combustion engine The operating status of operation, wherein the idle revolving speed that is typically based on is defined.Operation at part load usually with corresponding revolving speed band It is associated with torque band, wherein can be used as filling there are possible cylinder deactivation to the identification of mean speed curve in the revolving speed band Minute mark is quasi-.In addition, operation at part load can have positive gradient or the rising for exporting relevant amplitude to engine torque, this again may be used Operation at part load or for distinguishing operation at part load and idle for identification.
Therefore, by identifying that it is abundant to provide that revolving speed average value extends inside or outside the revolving speed band of operation at part load Standard, and identify that corresponding feature is desirable criterion in the speed curves of internal combustion engine, the abundant standard and necessity can be passed through Standard reliably distinguishes other possible operating statuses of the operating status of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine and internal combustion engine.
In another preferred embodiment, this method includes controlling the another method step of motor, wherein in the fortune of motor When row state is the cylinder of start and stop internal combustion engine, the exciting current of motor is adjusted, so that the braking torque of motor or need to be by internal combustion engine The dragging torque overcome increases or reduces.
Therefore, it adjusts and the braking torque or dragging torque of internal combustion engine is advantageous by what motor generated, because internal In the case that the torque demand of combustion engine improves and enables other cylinders, can by with the counteractive electricity of the output torque of internal combustion engine Mechanism dynamic torque avoids the reduction of the output torque of internal combustion engine.Equally, in the case where cylinder deactivation, the braking for reducing motor is turned round Square is advantageous, because internal combustion engine is in unstable operating status during de-activation procedure, and by the additional of motor load Load may make it further unstable.
When there are the excess torque of internal combustion engine, the exciting current of motor can be correspondingly improved, to increase the system of motor Dynamic torque, for example to carry out energy regenerating.It is when passing through the braking torque of exciting current adjustment motor it is particularly preferred that logical The target voltage and/or target current of setting vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle are crossed, or by setting maximum current output, is encouraged to control Magnetoelectricity stream, wherein maximum current output and/or maximum exciting current advantageously according to internal combustion engine operating status and be parameterized.
It, can by this exciting current adjustment of the setting of target voltage or target current based on vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle According to the goal-setting for the maximum torque to be output that the stabilization by internal combustion engine or internal combustion engine provides, for example, in Accelerating running or Ensure operating synchronously for motor brakeless torque when at least one cylinder deactivation.Such as there are when excess torque in coast Energy regenerating be similarly feasible.It alternatively, can also be by adjusting to be output to the maximum electricity in vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle Stream carries out this adjusting, and wherein the maximum current again can be parameterized according to the corresponding operating status of internal combustion engine.This parameter Change can be carried out by digital form, or can be realized by inquiring the parameter for example stored in the Characteristic Field of backup.
Arithmetic element is especially the adjuster for being used for motor, is preferably arranged in motor, but be also disposed at motor Outside, the use of the arithmetic element is particularly conducive to the determination of the operating status of cylinder start and stop and resulting to motor The adjusting of braking torque, because thus being executed according to the method for the present invention using particularly simple mode.
Therefore, arithmetic element is correspondingly configured execution this method, it means that arithmetic element has corresponding operation It processor and/or is stored thereon with the corresponding data storage of computer program and/or is suitable for by corresponding integrated circuit It executes according to the method for the present invention.It is advantageous in addition, executing this method in the adjuster of motor, because can be not necessarily to additional PERCOM peripheral communication connection and independently of external arithmetic framework, storage architecture and/or carry out the assessment, each of signal with adjusting framework The determination of operating status and adjusting based on identified operating status to motor.
Computer preferably is provided in data medium, particularly memory in the arithmetic element for executing this method Program realizes that this method is advantageous in the form of the computer program, because this cost generated is especially low, ought especially use In execution controller be also used to other tasks to anyway all in the presence of.As be well known in the art, for mentioning For computer program suitable data medium especially for magnetic storage, optical memory and electronic storage device.
Other advantages of the invention and design scheme are obtained by the description and the appended drawings.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, which is shown, carries out based on fortune motor by engine control system by means of communication connection according to the prior art The schematic diagram of the adjusting of row state；
Fig. 2 a shows in a schematic form internal combustion engine and the motor according to the present invention with internal combustion engine coupling；
Fig. 2 b shows in a schematic form internal combustion engine and the motor according to another embodiment with internal combustion engine coupling；
Fig. 2 c shows in a schematic form the enlarged drawing of the motor of Fig. 2 b；
The revolving speed that Fig. 3 shows the time graph of the phase voltage of motor and thus obtains；
Fig. 4 shows the time slice in the speed curves of motor, the example feature with cylinder start and stop；And
Fig. 5 shows the torque-rotation speed map of internal combustion engine.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the known control dress for adjusting the voltage in vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle 10 from the prior art It sets.It is the power supply of vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle 10 by the motor 14 coupled with internal combustion engine 12, wherein motor 14 is by means of coupling elements 16 (usually belt drive units) are driven by internal combustion engine 12.In order to adjust onboard power system voltage 10, it is provided in adjuster 20 The arithmetic element 18 of form, the exciting current of motor is adjusted accordingly according to onboard power system voltage 10.
In order to electric energy can be adjusted according to each operating status of internal combustion engine 12, or will feed electric energy into onboard power system 10, The corresponding operating status of internal combustion engine 12 is usually determined by the controller 22 for distributing to internal combustion engine 12, then controller 22 passes through communication Connection 24 is to 20 transmission of control signals of adjuster, the excitation electricity of motor 14 to be arranged according to the corresponding operating status of internal combustion engine 12 Stream.Here, the adjuster 20 of motor 14 is passively, and only always for the determination of each operating status of internal combustion engine 12 It is configured as the control based on controller 22 and increases or reduces the exciting current of motor according to corresponding operating status.
Showing for the structure according to the present invention of internal combustion engine 112 and the motor connecting with internal combustion engine 112 is shown in fig. 2 a It is intended to, wherein motor 114 is driven by means of belt 116 by internal combustion engine 112.Song of the belt 116 in engine side and internal combustion engine 112 Axis 117 effectively connects.Due to the expansion stroke for the cylinder Z of internal combustion engine 112 illustrated, internal combustion engine 112 is by torque with arteries and veins The form of punching is output to crankshaft 117.The frequency of torque output is by the current rotating speed of internal combustion engine 112 and the number of cylinders of internal combustion engine 112 It determines, number of cylinders is to be actively engaged in the quantity of the cylinder of combustion process.In four-stroke engine, the frequency of torque output is approximate Ground determines according to the following formula:
fmoment=NKw/ 60 × number of cylinders/2,
Wherein NKwFor the revolving speed of the crankshaft 117 of internal combustion engine 112, unit is rpm.
The non-uniform torque output generates the corresponding vibration characteristics of internal combustion engine 112.Motor 114 and internal combustion engine 112 are logical Coupling is fixed in the coupling elements 116 for crossing the rigid connection form (not shown) in belt form or motor 114 and internal combustion engine 112 Even, corresponding oscillation caused by being exported by the pulsed torque of internal combustion engine 112 by fixation coupling be transmitted to motor 114 and its Revolving speed 122.
Due to the fixed coupling between motor 114 and internal combustion engine 112, these oscillations can be from the phase signals 121a (ginseng of motor See Fig. 3) it obtains.Alternatively or additionally it is also possible that being obtained also by way of speed probe 115b (b, Fig. 2 c referring to fig. 2) Take the revolving speed 122 of motor 114.
In order to control and assess, motor 114 has the arithmetic element 118 according to the present invention in 120 form of adjuster, It is configured as determining the time graph of revolving speed 122 from phase signals 121 or from the signal of speed probe 115b, wherein analyzing revolving speed 122 time graph and from the time graph of revolving speed 122 export revolving speed mode 128 (referring to fig. 4).It is generated by internal combustion engine 112 Revolving speed mode 128 be characterized in particular in that, be herein as stated in the beginning substantially periodic swinging O, in the first approximation In can correspond to frequency fmomentAnd amplitude A.Oscillation O is superimposed upon the average value D of revolving speed 122MDUpper (referring to fig. 4 to this).
In addition, being configured as in the arithmetic element 118 of 120 form of adjuster based on the time graph export by revolving speed 122 Revolving speed mode 128 determine internal combustion engine 112 cylinder start and stop 128a operating status (referring to fig. 4), and this is not needed corresponding Peripheral control unit 22,122.It is to be understood, however, that settable corresponding peripheral control unit 122 (shown in dotted line), tool Have and connect 124 with the respective communication of adjuster 120, wherein determining the operating status of corresponding cylinder start and stop 128a in the regulators It can be used as in the adjuster of generator, so that the redundancy of this operating status is determined outside engine controller, wherein Other control strategies that the identification of this state can be used for inside engine controller 122 again.
However, in principle, motor 114 or the arithmetic element provisioned in it are configured as entirely autonomous and independently of outer portion Analysis and/or peripheral control unit (such as engine controller 122) execute above method step.Configuration means arithmetic element With corresponding arithmetic processor R and/or it is stored thereon with the data storage D of computer program, to execute according to this hair Bright method.In addition, arithmetic element (not shown) can be configured by being adapted for carrying out the integrated circuit of this method.
Another embodiment similar to Fig. 2 a is illustrated in figure 2b.Here, having been used with the same or similar feature of Fig. 2 a Identical appended drawing reference is labeled, however has another alphabetical (b).Motor described in motor 114b described herein and Fig. 2 a 114 difference essentially consists in another speed probe 115b connecting with motor 114b.Speed probe 115b is configured For detect motor 114b rotor revolving speed, and the tach signal 122 thereby determined that is transferred to adjuster 118b.Therefore, So determining revolving speed 122 (referring to fig. 4) can be used as alternatively or additionally in addition from the phase signals of motor 121 (referring to fig. 2 a and It is used in Fig. 3), to detect the time graph of revolving speed 122 and the revolving speed mode 128 being superimposed upon on the tach signal 122.
The enlarged drawing of the motor of Fig. 2 b is shown in figure 2 c.Arithmetic element 118b is configured as identification internal combustion engine 112 The operating status of cylinder start and stop 128a, and exciting current I is adjusted based on the operating status 128a identifiedErrIn adapting to The corresponding operating status of the cylinder start and stop 128a of combustion engine 112, so that the braking torque of motor 112 or dragging torque increase or subtract It is small.Here, the target voltage U of setting vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle 110b can be passed throughSollOr target current ISoll, or pass through setting Maximum current exports IMax, to control exciting current IErr, wherein maximum current exports IMaxIt can be opened according to the cylinder of internal combustion engine 112 With or cylinder deactivation corresponding operating status and be parameterized.
Pass through the target voltage U based on vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle 110bSollOr target current ISollSetting it is this to encouraging Magnetoelectricity stream IErrAdjusting, it can be achieved that motor 114b braking torque or pull torque corresponding adaptation so as to internal combustion engine In the case that 112 torque demand improves or cylinder deactivation with reduce fuel consumption state in the nothing of motor 114b can be achieved Braking torque follows operating.It can get under another operating status of excessive-torque, for example by internal combustion engine 112 when necessary It is turned round in the coast operation of internal combustion engine 112 by the corresponding braking torque or dragging torque of motor 114b to balance the excess Square, as stated in the beginning, this can pass through exciting current I againErrAdjusting control.Especially coast operation can be by means of vibration Swing it is identified, and in this case when necessary even can deactivate all cylinders, as long as to the corresponding torque demand of internal combustion engine 112 This deactivate is not hindered.
In addition, this adjust can also be by to be output to the maximum current I in vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicleMaxControl come It carries out, wherein maximum current IMaxAgain can according to the corresponding operating status or cylinder of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine 112 enable or The particular state of cylinder deactivation and be parameterized.This parametrization can be carried out by digital form, or can be by inquiring standby Part Characteristic Field in the parameter that stores realize (not shown).
It is illustrated in greater detail in Fig. 3 from the phase signals 121 of motor 114 and determines tach signal 122.Here, phase signals 121 be one in the phase voltage 121a for the stator winding for being arranged in stator side in motor 114.It should be understood that former thus The then any- phase voltage of one or more phases of upper usable motor 114, however corresponding phase current can also be used, with thus true The tach signal 122 of internal combustion engine 112 and revolving speed mode 128 determining the tach signal 122 of motor 114 and coupling with it (do not show Out)., it can be achieved that the corresponding higher temporal resolution (not shown) of tach signal when using more than one phase voltage 121a.
In the generator exported with electric current, phase voltage 121a extends rectangularly in the first approximation.In mutually electricity It presses and can detect average phase time T at the signal of 121aPhase, wherein the average phase time can be at the sharp edge of phase voltage 121a most It is goodly determining.Phase time TPhaseRevolving speed by way of the characteristic revolving speed mode 128 in each operating status of internal combustion engine 112 Fluctuation is modulated, and reflects current rotating speed by following formula:
nGen=60/ (TPhase* PPZ),
Wherein nGenFor the revolving speed 122 of motor 114, unit is rpm,For between crankshaft and generator shaft Transmission ratio, and PPZ be generator number of pole-pairs.Correspondingly, the revolving speed n of the crankshaft 117 of internal combustion engineKWByIt obtains.The value of revolving speed 122 correspondingly and corresponding to revolving speed 122 between the time illustrated Every the mean speed D of interior average valueMDValue in Fig. 3 equally as point or line show.The time interval can especially lead to It crosses and carries out average mode in several oscillations to select.
Revolving speed preferably determines in a digital manner.As described above, by measuring the width in the phase signals 121 of motor 114 The time interval T of degreePhaseIt can determine transient speed nKW.As long as the known such as number of cylinders of motor 114 in section between when detecting, The parameter of transmission ratio and number of pole-pairs, then the tachometer value of fixed quantity can be stored in memory, such as shift LD by adjuster 118 In device (not shown), and minimum and maximum transient speed is at least determined respectively within a vibration period.
Minimum and maximum transient speed is preferably the peak speed within the scope of corresponding detection time.Between these revolving speeds Difference be the torque exported by internal combustion engine 112 measurement.The torque exported as a result, is related to the range value of oscillation.In order to It is accurately determined TPhaseAnd advantageously, it is ensured that in TPhaseAverage value nearby have a higher temporal resolution.Here, in order to Better resolution ratio can determine revolving speed based on the rising edge and failing edge of phase voltage 121a.In principle, it can store in memory Any number of tachometer value 122, however about complete vibration period should be wherein detected to be assessed.
It is enough the vibration correspondingly differentiating revolving speed 122 and being especially superimposed upon on revolving speed in order to illustrate the sample rate of generator It swings, will consider the ratio of corresponding frequencies below and is compared with Nyquist criterion.Nyquist criterion requires fel/ fmoment>=2.Engine speed, which is based on, using following formula obtains generator frequency or electric machine frequency:
Wherein nKWFor the revolving speed of internal combustion engine.
With about fmomentEquation combined:
As a result, for example forPPZ=6, number of cylinders=4, obtaining quotient is fel/fmoment=9.Even if very In big high Cylinder engine, such as in twelve-cylinder engine, which also reaches fel/fmoment=3, also meet always herein how Qwest's standard for manual sampling.Especially in these high Cylinder engines, cylinder start and stop are for saving fuel (cylinder deactivation) or for example Torque as much as possible (cylinder starting) is provided in accelerator to play an important role.
The time graph of the revolving speed 122 of motor 114 is shown in FIG. 4.It can be seen that herein, in the average value of revolving speed 122 DMDOn be superimposed with the revolving speed mode 128 generated by internal combustion engine 112.The revolving speed mode 128 is characterized in that being superimposed upon revolving speed 122 Average value DMDOn the oscillation O with amplitude A.As above described in the explanation to Fig. 2 a, in the frequency and cylinder Z of oscillation O Quantity between existence function relationship, which actively runs in internal combustion engine and facilitates the output torque of internal combustion engine 112. Here it is shown that the case where amplitude A * is wherein not present (shown in dotted line), the wherein pulse of the cylinder Z of amplitude A * and internal combustion engine The output of shape torque and the resulting fluctuation of speed are associated.It as a result, can be only by identifying that this lacking for amplitude A * pushes back out The cylinder Z's of internal combustion engine 112 deactivates.
Lacking for amplitude can for example be determined compared with reference value by speed curves.In addition, can be by means of in revolving speed 122 at least two maximum value nmaxBetween time interval TmaxmaxWith compared with reference value, and/or pass through frequency of oscillation Deviation determines cylinder start and stop as follows, that is, influences the factor Z of frequency fZ(formula described in a corresponds to gas according to fig. 2 for it Cylinder number) change the quantity of institute start and stop cylinder Z (cylinder for enabling or deactivating) by addition.
Therefore, can directly push back out number of cylinders Z by means of the corresponding deviation in frequency, and can directly for example, by with ginseng The comparison for examining value is pushed back, which is the quantity of cylinder present in internal combustion engine 112 and can phase in general It is stored in answering in the arithmetic element 118 in internal combustion engine 114.
In addition, only by the disappearance of amplitude A * or the enabling of cylinder Z can also be inferred to by the appearance of amplitude A * or deactivated, Wherein the disappearance and appearance of amplitude A * can equally be determined by reference to value.To cycle time TmaxmaxExtension and/or amplitude A * Appear or disappear and/or be superimposed upon the average value D of revolving speed 122MDOn oscillation O frequency variation this determination can be considered as gas The desirable criterion of the existence of cylinder start and stop 128a.In addition, so-called negative amplitude, i.e., be accompanied by the reduction of revolving speed due to work done during compression And the amplitude of the negative slope or negative gradient disappearance of cylinder deactivation or cylinder deactivation and cylinder enables for identification for identification. This is particularly suitable for following situations, i.e., at least partly closes the valve of at least one cylinder and non-active cylinder is done accordingly Work done during compression.
As additional abundant standard, it is possible to use the average value D of revolving speed 122MDCompared with revolving speed is with B, the revolving speed band By threshold value TH1And TH2It limits (referring to Fig. 5).Threshold value TH is further illustrated in Fig. 51And TH2, wherein passing through the threshold of revolving speed n Value TH1And TH2The range of speeds of operation at part load 136 is in given internal combustion engine 112.This is schematically illustrated in Fig. 5 The range of operation at part load 136 depicts the output torque of internal combustion engine 112 in Fig. 5 relative to the revolving speed n of internal combustion engine 112 M, part of load operation is in terms of revolving speed by threshold value TH1And TH2It limits, and is located at the torque speed diagram of internal combustion engine 112 138 lower section is into intermediate region.It should be understood that the range of 136 operating status of sub-load of internal combustion engine 112 equally includes The operating status of idling 140.The cylinder start and stop 128a of internal combustion engine 112 is usually just in the partial load region 136 of internal combustion engine It carries out, because not needing the potentially possible torque M of internal combustion engine 112 herein, so as to carry out cylinder deactivation to save fuel.So And cylinder start and stop can also be saved in the operating status of idling 140 in principle, to improve the smoothness of operation of internal combustion engine 112.
In higher or even peak torque demand M another operating status 142 corresponding to internal combustion engine, internal combustion engine 112 Only follow at least one cylinder Z of operating that can correspondingly be activated in passive state and in the operation of internal combustion engine 112, it will Required torque M is accordingly output to the crankshaft of internal combustion engine.The range of speeds of the more high torque demand M range of internal combustion engine 112 142 in terms of the revolving speed n of internal combustion engine 112 by threshold value TH1And TH *2* it limits.It as a result, can be from cylinder start and stop 128a existence One in desirable criterion reliably determines the existence of cylinder start and stop 128a with abundant standard, and wherein the form of desirable criterion is Amplitude A *'s lacks or adds and/or cycle time TmaxmaxExtension or shortening identification, and/or be superimposed upon the flat of revolving speed 122 Mean value DMDOn oscillation O frequency variation, abundant standard be revolving speed 122 average value DMDIn the corresponding of operation at part load 136 Revolving speed in B or in the range of more high torque demand 142 of internal combustion engine 112 with extending.It should also be understood that in for determining The above-mentioned standard of the cylinder start and stop 128a of combustion engine 112 can use individually or in the form of combination with one another.It is transported in addition, being determined in redundancy During row state or for its credibility, being used in conjunction with for these standards is advantageous (not shown).

Claims (15)

1. method of the one kind for determining the cylinder start and stop in internal combustion engine (112), comprising the following steps:
A) the determining time graph with the revolving speed (122) of the motor (114) of the internal combustion engine (112) coupling；
B) at least one the revolving speed mode generated by the internal combustion engine (112) is determined from the time graph of the revolving speed (122) (128), wherein the revolving speed mode (128) has the average value (D for being superimposed upon the revolving speed (122)MD) time graph on It vibrates (O)；
C) wherein, when identifying that the oscillation (O) changes the characteristic of cylinder start and stop (128a), then it is inferred in described The cylinder start and stop (128a) of combustion engine (112).
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the determining motor (114) with the internal combustion engine (112) coupling At least one phase signals (121) time graph, and determine from the phase signals (121) revolving speed of the motor (114) (122) time graph.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein being passed by means of being arranged in the revolving speed at the motor (114) Sensor (115b) determines the time graph of the revolving speed (122) of the motor (114).
4. method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein cylinder start and stop (128a) include the internal combustion engine (112) at least one cylinder (Z) of the enabling and/or internal combustion engine (112) of at least one cylinder (Z) deactivates.
5. method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the oscillation (O) has frequency (f) and amplitude (A), Wherein when the period of the disappearance or appearance, particularly amplitude (A) that identify amplitude (A) in the time graph in the oscillation (O) Property disappear or when occurring, and/or pass through the factor (Z for influencing the frequencyZ) according to the variation of cylinder (Z) quantity of institute's start and stop and When identifying the variation in the frequency (f), then cylinder start and stop (128a) is inferred to.
6. method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the oscillation (O) has frequency (f) and amplitude (A), Wherein when identifying the characteristic variation of amplitude (A) of reservation in the time graph in the oscillation (O), then cylinder is inferred to Start and stop (128a).
7. method according to any of the preceding claims, which is characterized in that the time graph from the revolving speed (122) Determine the average value (D of the revolving speed (122)MD), and by the average value (D of the revolving speed (122)MD) at least one first Threshold value (Th1) comparison, as determining another standards of the cylinder start and stop (128a).
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that for for determining the described of the cylinder start and stop (128a) Another standard, by the average value (D of the revolving speed (122)MD) and the first threshold (Th1) and another threshold value (Th2) compare, institute State another threshold value (Th2) it is greater than the first threshold (Th1)。
9. method according to any one of claim 1 to 8, which is characterized in that by the first threshold (Th1) and it is described Another threshold value (Th2) it is chosen so as to the typical revolving speed model of its operation at part load (136) for limiting the internal combustion engine (112) It encloses.
10. method according to any one of claim 1 to 9, which is characterized in that including another method step: described When at least one cylinder (Z) start and stop (128a) of internal combustion engine (112), to the exciting current (I of the motor (114)Err) adjusted Section, so that the braking torque of the motor (114) adapts to the internal combustion engine (112) at least the one of the internal combustion engine (112) Corresponding state when a cylinder (Z) start and stop (128a).
11. according to the method described in claim 10, it is characterized in that, by setting the vehicle-mounted power grid of motor vehicle (110) Target voltage (USoll) and/or target current (ISoll), or (I is exported by setting maximum currentMax), to control the excitation Electric current (IErr), wherein the maximum current exports (IMax) and/or the maximum exciting current advantageously according to the internal combustion engine (112) corresponding state at least one cylinder (Z) start and stop (128a) of the internal combustion engine (112) and be parameterized.
12. a kind of arithmetic element (118), is especially used for the adjuster (120) of motor (114), the arithmetic element passes through phase The integrated circuit and/or the computer program by storing on a memory answered are configured as executing according in preceding claims Described in any item methods.
13. a kind of motor (114) has arithmetic element according to claim 12 (118).
14. a kind of computer program, when the computer program is run on arithmetic element (118), the computer program So that the arithmetic element (118) executes method according to any of the preceding claims.
15. a kind of machine readable storage medium, is stored with calculating according to claim 14 on said storage Machine program.
CN201780053633.0A 2016-09-01 2017-08-10 The determination of the cylinder start and stop of internal combustion engine Pending CN109642512A (en)

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DE102016216517.8A DE102016216517A1 (en) 2016-09-01 2016-09-01 Determining a cylinder wiring of an internal combustion engine
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PCT/EP2017/070279 WO2018041584A1 (en) 2016-09-01 2017-08-10 Determining cylinder switching of an internal combustion engine

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CN113294258B (en) * 2021-05-13 2023-02-17 上海新动力汽车科技股份有限公司 Engine constant rotating speed control method based on dynamic load

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Application publication date: 20190416