CN109642458A - The method of acoustic communication and the well for utilizing these methods - Google Patents

The method of acoustic communication and the well for utilizing these methods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109642458A
CN109642458A CN201780053129.0A CN201780053129A CN109642458A CN 109642458 A CN109642458 A CN 109642458A CN 201780053129 A CN201780053129 A CN 201780053129A CN 109642458 A CN109642458 A CN 109642458A
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China
Prior art keywords
frequency
tone
received
subset
acoustic tones
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Granted
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CN201780053129.0A
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CN109642458B (en
Inventor
S·W·克劳森
L·宋
张艺兵
H·A·沃尔夫
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Exxon Production Research Co
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E21B47/16—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the drill string or casing, e.g. by torsional acoustic waves
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
    • E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
    • E21B47/14—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves
    • E21B47/18—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling using acoustic waves through the well fluid, e.g. mud pressure pulse telemetry
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B11/00—Transmission systems employing sonic, ultrasonic or infrasonic waves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed herein is the method for acoustic communication and utilize the well of these methods.The method generally utilizes acoustics wireless network, which includes along the length of tone transmission medium multiple nodes spaced apart and the basic frequency including determining the received acoustic tones transmitted via tone transmission medium.

Description

The method of acoustic communication and the well for utilizing these methods
The cross reference of related application
This application involves and require entitled " the Methods of Acoustically that submits on December 13rd, 2016 The U.S. Provisional Application sequence No.62/433 of Communicating And Wells That Utilize The Methods ", 503 equity, and entitled " Communication Networks, the Relay Nodes submitted on August 30th, 2016 for Communication Networks,and Methods of Transmitting Data Among a Plurality The U.S. Provisional Application sequence No.62/381 of of Relay Nodes ", the disclosure of 330 equity, the application all pass through Reference is integrally incorporated herein.
Technical field
The disclosure relates in general to the method for acoustic communication and/or the well using the method.
Background technique
Acoustics wireless network can be used for wirelessly sending acoustic signal (such as vibrating) via tone transmission medium.Generally For, given tone transmission medium only allows to communicate in some frequency range；Also, in some systems, this frequency Range may be relatively small.This system can be referred to as frequency spectrum constrained system herein.The example of frequency spectrum constrained system is all Such as the well of hydrocarbon well etc comprising multiple communication nodes spaced apart along the length.
In certain cases, it may be desirable to which data are sent in the form of acoustic signal in this frequency spectrum constrained environment.But It is that conventional data transmission mechanism cannot usually be used effectively.Therefore, it is necessary to improved acoustic communication method and/or utilizations The well of these methods.
Summary of the invention
Disclosed herein is the method for acoustic communication and utilize the well of these methods.The method generally utilizes acoustics wireless network Network, the acoustics wireless network include the multiple nodes spaced apart along the length of tone transmission medium.In some embodiments, institute The method of stating includes the method communicated when acoustics wireless network is by spectral constraints.In these embodiments, the method packet It includes and is encoded with character of the coding nodes in multiple nodes to coding.Coding includes being based on the first predetermined look-up table and coding Character select first frequency, and with first frequency send first send acoustic tones.Coding further includes pre- based on second Determine the character selection second frequency of look-up table and coding, and the second acoustic tones sent are sent with second frequency.These sides Method further includes being decoded with the decoding node in multiple nodes to decoded character.Decoding includes receiving the first received acoustics Tone calculates first frequency distribution for the first received acoustic tones, and determines the first decoded character for decoded character Distribution.Decoding further includes receiving the second received acoustic tones, calculating second frequency distribution for the second received acoustic tones, with And the second decoded character distribution is determined for decoded character.Decoding further includes based on the first decoded character distribution and the second solution The character of code is distributed to identify decoded character.
In other embodiments, the method includes determining the received acoustic tones sent via tone transmission medium The method of basic frequency.These methods include receiving the received acoustic tones of institute to continue tone receiving time and estimate received acoustics The frequency of tone.These methods further include that tone receiving time is divided into multiple time intervals and is calculated in each time interval Frequency variation.These methods further include the subset for selecting the variation of frequency in multiple time intervals to be less than threshold frequency variation, and right Multiple discrete frequency values in the subset of multiple time intervals are averaging, with the basic frequency of the received acoustic tones of determination.
In other embodiments, this method includes the method that power is saved in acoustics wireless network.These methods include Continue listening state by continuing the lower power state duration into lower power state and being then transitioned into listening state Duration repeats and sequentially recycles the given node in multiple nodes to continue multiple periods.Low power state duration Greater than the listening state duration.These methods further include sound during circulation and transmitted via the transmission of tone transmission medium It learns tone to continue the tone transmitting continuous time, receive the received acoustic tones of institute, and in response to reception and by saving given Point is transitioned into active state to interrupt circulation.The tone transmission duration be greater than low power state duration so that no matter what Shi Faqi is sent, and acoustics wireless network all detects the acoustic tones of transmission.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is configured as utilizing schematically showing according to the well of disclosed method.
Fig. 2 is the process for describing the method communicated in the controlled acoustics wireless network of frequency spectrum according to the disclosure Figure.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart for describing the method encoded to the character of coding according to the disclosure.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart for describing the method being decoded to decoded character according to the disclosure.
Fig. 5 is the example for the first predetermined look-up table that can be used together with according to disclosed method.
Fig. 6 is the example for the second predetermined look-up table that can be used together with according to disclosed method.
Fig. 7 is the example of the multiple frequencies of correspondence of the character of multiple codings and the character that can be used to deliver coding.
Fig. 8 is the example of the multiple frequencies of correspondence of the character of multiple codings and the character that can be used to deliver coding.
Fig. 9 is the flow chart for describing the method for basic frequency of the received acoustic tones of determination according to the disclosure.
Figure 10 is curve graph of the diagram as the reception amplitude of multiple received acoustic tones of the function of time.
Figure 11 is the curve graph for illustrating the reception amplitude of the acoustic tones from Figure 10.
Figure 12 is the curve graph of the frequency variation of the received acoustic tones of pictorial image 11.
Figure 13 is the histogram data of the basic frequency for the received acoustic tones that diagram is determined for Figure 11-12 Table.
Figure 14 is the table for illustrating the mechanism according to the disclosure, can choose the acoustic tones of Figure 11-12 by the mechanism Basic frequency.
Figure 15 is the flow chart for describing the method that power is saved in acoustics wireless network according to the disclosure.
Figure 16 is the schematic illustration of the method for Figure 15.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1-16 provides the example according to disclosed method 200,300 and/or 400, and/or including may include And/or utilize the example of the well 20 of the acoustics wireless network 50 of these methods.For similar or at least basic similar purpose Element is with identical numeral mark in each of Fig. 1-16, and these elements can be without reference to each of Fig. 1-16 It is discussed in detail herein.Similarly, not all element is labeled all in each of Fig. 1-16, but for consistency, It can use label associated there herein.Without departing from the scope of the disclosure, herein with reference in Fig. 1-16 Element, component and/or the feature that one or more discusses may include in any one of Fig. 1-16 and/or with Fig. 1's-16 Any one is utilized together.In general, the element that may include in a particular embodiment is illustrated with solid line, and optional member Part is illustrated with dotted line.But the element being shown in solid may not be necessary, and in some embodiments, can be saved Slightly without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.
Fig. 1 is configured as utilizing schematically showing according to the well 20 of disclosed method 200,300 and/or 400.Well 20 include the pit shaft 30 extended in subterranean zone 90.Pit shaft 30 can also be referred to as in surface region 80 and underground herein Extend in extension and/or the subsurface formations 92 extended in subterranean zone between region 90.Subsurface formations 92 may include hydrocarbon 94. Under these conditions, well 20 can also be referred to as herein or can be hydrocarbon well 20, producing well 20 and/or injection well 20.
Well 20 further includes acoustics wireless network 50.It is wireless that acoustics wireless network can also be referred to as underground acoustics herein Network 50, and including along tone transmission medium 100 be spaced apart multiple nodes 60, the tone transmission medium 100 along The length of pit shaft 30 extends.In the context of well 20, tone transmission medium 100 may include the well that can extend in pit shaft 30 Down tube 40, the wellbore fluids 32 that can extend in pit shaft 30, close to pit shaft 30 subterranean zone 90 a part, close to pit shaft 30 Subsurface formations 92 a part, and/or can extend in pit shaft 30 and/or can ring between pit shaft 30 and downhole tubular 40 The cement 34 extended in shape region.Downhole tubular 40 can limit fluid conduit systems 44.
Node 60 may include one or more coding nodes 62, and the coding nodes, which can be configured as, generates acoustics sound It adjusts 70 and/or causes acoustic tones in tone transmission medium 100.Node 60 can also include one or more decoding nodes 64, the decoding node can be configured as from tone transmission medium and receive acoustic tones 70.Given node 60 can both be used as Coding nodes 62 are used as decoding node 64 again, and it is to send acoustic tones (that is, being used as coding nodes) also that this, which depends on given node, It is to receive acoustic tones (that is, being used as decoding node).In other words, given node can not only include coding but also include decoding function Or structure, it is just in coded acoustic tone or decoding acoustic tones and by selective land productivity that these structures, which depend on given node, With.
In well 20, the transmission of acoustic tones 70 can be along the length of pit shaft 30.As such, the transmission of acoustic tones can be with Be it is linear, be at least substantially it is linear and/or oriented, such as pass through tone transmission medium.This configuration can with more Conventional wireless communications method is on the contrary, the latter generally can in a plurality of directions or even send corresponding nothing in each direction Line signal.
As shown in fig. 1, acoustics wireless network 50 may include the node 60 in pit shaft 30.As such, these nodes It can be inaccessible by, or at least be difficult to access.Therefore, as the method 400 herein with reference to Figure 15-16 discusses , limitation power consumption can be important the operation of acoustics wireless network and/or service life.
Well 20 (such as hydrocarbon well) it is disclosed in the context that the methods 200,300 and/or 400 discussed in further detail herein. But within the scope of this disclosure, these methods can be used for being communicated (the method 200 of such as Fig. 2-8 via acoustic tones Described in), determine the basic frequency (described in the method 300 of such as Fig. 9-14) of the acoustic tones received, and/or Save power in any suitable acoustics wireless network (described in the method 300 of such as Figure 15-16).As an example, The seabed tube that method 200,300 and/or 400 can extend in the context of submarine well and/or in subsea environment It is utilized together with corresponding acoustics wireless network in context.Under these conditions, tone transmission medium may include either Seabed tube and/or in subsea environment, close to seabed tube and/or seabed tube in the seafloor venting systems that extend. As another example, method 200,300 and/or 400 can be wireless with corresponding acoustics in the context of surface tube Network is used together, which extends in surface region.Under these conditions, tone transmission medium may include or Person is surface tube and/or the fluid that extends in surface region, close in surface tube and/or surface tubulose.
Fig. 2 is the method 200 communicated in the controlled acoustics wireless network of frequency spectrum described according to the disclosure Flow chart.Acoustics wireless network includes the multiple nodes spaced apart along the length of tone transmission medium.Herein with reference to the sound of Fig. 1 It learns wireless network 50 and discloses the example of acoustics wireless network.Tone biography is disclosed herein with reference to the tone transmission medium 100 of Fig. 1 The example of defeated medium.
In view of above situation, method 200 may include establishing predetermined look-up table at 210 and being included at 220 pair The character of coding is encoded, this is illustrated in greater detail in Fig. 3.Method 200 can also be included in transmission acoustic tones at 230 And it is included at 240 and decoded character is decoded, this is illustrated in greater detail in Fig. 4.Method 200 can also be included in At least part of repetition methods at 280, and the schematic example of each step of Fig. 5-8 providing method 200.
During the operation of acoustics wireless network (the acoustics wireless network 50 of such as Fig. 1), method 200 can be used for along Tone transmission medium sends along its length and/or transmits one or more characters and/or a plurality of information.As an example, simultaneously And as discussed in detail herein, the first predetermined look-up table 201 as shown in Figure 5 and as shown in Figure 6 second makes a reservation for The character (for example, character A-Q in Fig. 5-6) of multiple characters or coding can be associated with multiple frequencies or frequency by look-up table 202 Rate range is (for example, the frequency F in Fig. 5-61-F17).Under these conditions, it can choose the character of such as " P " etc along sound Adjust the length of transmission medium to be transmitted, and can use method 200 for this character code into corresponding frequency, then from Corresponding frequency decodes this character.F in the example of Fig. 5-6, in " P " and the first predetermined look-up table 20116It is predetermined with second F in look-up table 2028It is corresponding.Therefore, the coding at 220 may include being sent via tone transmission medium and with coding nodes Frequency F16, and then frequency F is sent via tone transmission medium and with coding nodes8, as shown in Figure 7.Then at 240 Decoding may include receiving frequency F with decoding node and from tone transmission medium16And then receive frequency F8, and respectively Using the first predetermined look-up table 201 and the second predetermined look-up table 202, the frequency received is decoded into their corresponding characters (for example, P1And P2, as shown in Figure 8).This process can repeat any suitable number, along the length of tone transmission medium Degree sends the character of any appropriate number of character or coding, as shown in figs. 7-8, wherein corresponding frequency is used for character P-A- The transmission of I-L.
It may include establishing any suitable predetermined look-up table that predetermined look-up table is established at 210.This may include establishing First predetermined look-up table and the second predetermined look-up table, and these predetermined look-up tables can during the coding at 220 and/or It is used during decoding at 240.In consideration of it, when executed, the foundation at 210 can be before the coding at 220 And/or it is executed before the decoding at 240.
The foundation at 210 can be completed in any suitable manner.As an example, the foundation at 210 may include from appoint What suitable source (such as from the database of look-up table) obtains the first predetermined look-up table and/or the second predetermined look-up table.
As another example, the foundation at 210 may include generating or the first predetermined look-up table of creation and/or second pre- Determine look-up table.This may include sending calibration letter via tone transmission medium at 212 and with the coding nodes in multiple nodes Number.This can also include receiving calibration signal from tone transmission medium at 214 and with the decoding node in multiple nodes.This is also It may include at least one acoustic characteristic that tone transmission medium is determined at 216.The hair that can be based at least partially at 212 It send and/or determines and/or quantify at least one feature of tone transmission medium based on the reception at 214.
Under these conditions, the foundation at 210 may include at least one for being based at least partially on tone transmission medium Acoustic characteristic establishes predetermined look-up table.As more specific example, the foundation at 210 be can include determining that for tone transmission The bandwidth of acoustic communication in medium.This can include determining that bandwidth or frequency range, and wherein tone transmission medium has and is less than Threshold value ambient acoustic noise level, and/or wherein the reception at the transmission and 214 at 212 can be in signal quality, signal Signal strength between amplitude and/or coding nodes and decoding node executes in the case where being less than threshold value loss.
The example of the first predetermined look-up table 201 is illustrated in Fig. 5, and showing for the second predetermined look-up table 202 is illustrated in Fig. 6 Example.As shown in figures 5-6, predetermined look-up table 201 and 202 is generally by character (the first of such as Fig. 5-6 of multiple characters or coding Letter A to Q shown in row) with corresponding multiple frequencies or frequency range (such as frequency shown in the second row of Fig. 5-6 F1-F17) association.
First predetermined look-up table 201 and the second predetermined look-up table 202 are different from each other.More specifically, and as shown, Frequency associated with given character is different between the first predetermined look-up table 201 and the second predetermined look-up table 202.It is additional Ground or alternatively, the first predetermined look-up table and the second predetermined look-up table are configured such that, for giving character, by the The correspondence first frequency that one predetermined look-up table 201 is established is not equal to and/or is not the correspondence established by the second predetermined look-up table 202 The harmonic wave of second frequency.When tone transmission medium compared to another frequency more efficiently, with less noise and/or with less It is this to configure the accuracy that communication can be improved when decaying sends a frequency.
Within the scope of this disclosure, the first predetermined look-up table 201 and the second predetermined look-up table 202 can use identical volume The character of code and identical frequency or frequency range.Under these conditions, different when compared with the second predetermined look-up table 202 Frequency or frequency range can be associated with the character of each coding in the first predetermined look-up table 201.It is additionally or alternative Ground, at least one frequency or frequency range may include in one in the first predetermined look-up table and the second predetermined look-up table but It is not included in another look-up table, this is also within the scope of this disclosure.
Multiple frequencies (including first frequency and/or utilized in the first predetermined look-up table and the second predetermined look-up table Two frequencies) it can have any suitable value and/or can be in any suitable frequency range.As an example, multiple frequencies In each frequency can be at least 10 kHz (kHz), at least 25kHz, at least 50kHz, at least 60kHz, at least 70kHz, At least 80kHz, at least 90kHz, at least 100kHz, at least 200kHz, at least 250kHz, at least 400kHz, at least 500kHz and/ Or at least 600kHz.Alternatively or additionally, each frequency in multiple frequencies can be at most 1000kHz (1 megahertz), At most 800kHz, at most 600kHz, at most 400kHz, at most 200kHz, at most 150kHz, at most 100kHz, and/or at most 80kHz。
Carrying out coding to the character of coding at 220 may include being encoded with character of the coding nodes to coding.Such as Shown in Fig. 3, the coding at 220 includes that the acoustic tones sent at 222 for first select first frequency, is sent at 224 First acoustic tones sent, the acoustic tones sent at 226 for second select second frequency, and the is sent at 228 Two acoustic tones sent.
It may include the word for being based at least partially on coding that the acoustic tones sent at 222 for first, which select first frequency, Symbol is selected.Alternatively or additionally, the selection at 222 can also include being selected from the first predetermined look-up table. First frequency can be associated with the character of coding in the first predetermined look-up table.As an example, and refer to Fig. 5, first compiles The character of code can be " P ", and first frequency can be F16, as shown in the leftmost frame of Fig. 7.First predetermined look-up table One-to-one relationship between first frequency and the character of coding can be provided.In other words, the character of each coding and each Frequency can be in the first predetermined look-up table using once and merely with primary.
It may include that the first acoustics sound sent is sent with first frequency that the acoustic tones that first sends are sent at 224 It adjusts.Alternatively or additionally, transmission at 224 can also include sending first via and/or using tone transmission medium The acoustic tones of transmission.Transmission at 224 can also include sending to continue for the first tone transmission duration.
The transmission at 224 can be completed in any suitable manner.As an example, the transmission at 224 may include in sound It adjusts in transmission medium and causes the first acoustic tones with the coding nodes transmitter of acoustics wireless network.Coding nodes transmitter shows Example includes being configured as causing in tone transmission medium any suitable construction of vibration, such as piezoelectricity coding nodes transmitter, Electromagnetic sound transmitter, resonance MEMS (MEMS) transmitter, disresonance MEMS transmitter and/or transmitter array.
It may include the word for being based at least partially on coding that the acoustic tones sent at 226 for second, which select second frequency, Symbol is selected.Alternatively or additionally, the selection at 226 can also include being selected from the second predetermined look-up table. In general, the second predetermined look-up table is different from the first predetermined look-up table and/or second frequency is different from first frequency.Second frequency Rate can be associated with the character of coding in the second predetermined look-up table.As an example, and refer to Fig. 6, when the character of coding When being " P ", second frequency can be F8, as indicated in the leftmost frame of Fig. 7.Second predetermined look-up table can provide One-to-one relationship between two frequencies and the character of coding.In other words, the character of each coding and each frequency can be Using once and merely with primary in second predetermined look-up table.
It may include that the first acoustics sound sent is sent with second frequency that the acoustic tones that second sends are sent at 228 It adjusts.Alternatively or additionally, transmission at 228 can also include sending second via and/or using tone transmission medium The acoustic tones of transmission.Transmission at 228 can also include sending to continue for the second tone transmission duration.
The transmission at 228 can be completed in any suitable manner.As an example, the transmission at 228 may include with volume Code node transmitter causes the second acoustic tones in tone transmission medium.
It may include transmitting in any suitable manner that acoustic tones are transmitted at 230.As an example, decoding node can be with It is spaced apart with coding nodes, so that tone transmission medium extends or is spatially separated between coding nodes and decoding node. Under these conditions, the transmission at 230 may include via tone transmission medium from coding nodes to decoding node transmission first The acoustic tones that the acoustic tones of transmission and/or transmission second are sent.
Transmission at 230 can also include being interacted via first with tone transmission medium to modify the acoustics of the first transmission Tone, to generate the first received acoustic tones.Alternatively or additionally, the transmission at 230 may include via with tone The interactive acoustic tones to modify the second transmission of the second of transmission medium, to generate the second received acoustic tones.Modification can be with Including modifying in any suitable manner, and can be active (that is, being purposefully performed) or passively (that is, It is inherently performed due to transmission).The example of modification include modify first and/or second send acoustic tones amplitude, The frequency and/or first for the acoustic tones that phase, first and/or second of first and/or second acoustic tones sent send And/or second one or more of the wavelength of acoustic tones that sends.Another example of modification includes by additional frequency point Amount introduces the first and/or second acoustic tones sent.The example that can produce and/or generate the mechanism of modification is included in coding Tone reflection, ring and/or tone recombination at node, in tone transmission medium and/or at decoding node.
Being decoded at 240 to decoded character may include being decoded with decoding node.As shown in Figure 4,240 The decoding at place, which is included at 242, to be received the first received acoustic tones, calculates first frequency distribution at 244, and at 250 Determine the first decoded character distribution.Decoding at 240 further includes the second received acoustic tones being received at 258, at 262 Second frequency distribution is calculated, and determines the second decoded character distribution at 268.Decoding at 240 further includes knowing at 274 Not decoded character.Alternatively or additionally, the decoding at 240 may include any desired part of execution method 300, this It is discussed herein with reference to Fig. 9-14 a bit.
It may include connecing with decoding node and/or from tone transmission medium that the first received acoustic tones are received at 242 Receive the first received acoustic tones, and can transmission after the transmission at 224 or in response to 224 and execute.At 242 Reception may include receive the first received acoustic tones continue the first tone received duration.
Reception at 242 may include being received with any suitable decoding node, the decoding node be configured as from Tone transmission medium receives the first received acoustic tones.As an example, the reception at 242 may include use, via and/or benefit With piezoelectricity decoding endpoint transceiver, pressure drag receiver, resonance MEMS receiver, disresonance MEMS receiver and/or receiver battle array Column are to receive.
Calculated at 244 first frequency distribution may include calculated for the first received acoustic tones first frequency distribution or The first frequency distribution of the first received acoustic tones is calculated, and can be completed in any suitable manner.As an example, Calculating at 244 may include the Fourier transform for executing the first received acoustic tones, execute the first received acoustic tones Fast Fourier Transform, execute the first received acoustic tones Discrete Fourier Transform, execute the first received acoustics sound The wavelet transformation of tune, the multiple Least square analysis for executing the first received acoustic tones, and/or execute the first received acoustics More histograms (polyhistogram) of tone are analyzed.More histogram analysis are disclosed with reference to the method 300 of Fig. 9 herein Example.
Within the scope of this disclosure, the first received acoustic tones may include multiple first frequency components.These first Frequency component can the reception period during the transmission during the transmission at 224, at 230 and/or at 242 generate, and this Text discusses the example for the mechanism that first frequency component can be generated with reference to the transmission at 230.
When the first received acoustic tones include multiple first frequency components, the calculating at 244 may include at 246 It calculates the relative amplitude of each of multiple first frequency components and/or calculates the straight of multiple first frequency components at 248 Fang Tu.
Determine that the first decoded character distribution may include being distributed from first frequency and/or making a reservation for look into from first at 250 Table is looked for determine the first decoded character distribution.As an example, multiple first frequency components that the computing interval at 244 calculates can With corresponding with the multiple first received characters in the first of Fig. 5 the predetermined look-up table 201.In other words, the determination at 250 can be with Including determining which character from the first predetermined look-up table is corresponding with each frequency component in multiple first frequency components.
Under these conditions, the determination at 250 may include calculating the first received acoustic tones at 252 to indicate multiple It the relative probability of the received character of each of first received character first and/or is calculated at 254 multiple first received The histogram of character.Alternatively or additionally, the determination at 250 may include will be in multiple first frequency components at 256 Each first frequency component be mapped to the correspondence character in the first predetermined look-up table.
It may include connecing with decoding node and/or from tone transmission medium that the second received acoustic tones are received at 258 Receive the second received acoustic tones, and can transmission after the transmission at 228 or in response to 228 and execute.At 258 Reception may include receive the second received acoustic tones continue the second tone received duration.
Calculated at 262 second frequency distribution may include calculated for the second received acoustic tones second frequency distribution or Person calculates the second frequency distribution of the second received acoustic tones, and can complete in any suitable manner.As an example, Calculating at 260 may include the Fourier transformation for executing the second received acoustic tones, execute the second received acoustic tones Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), execute the second received acoustic tones Discrete Fourier Transform, execute the second received acoustics sound The wavelet transformation of tune, the multiple Least square analysis for executing the second received acoustic tones, and/or execute the second received acoustics More histogram analysis of tone.The example of more histogram analysis is disclosed with reference to the method 300 of Fig. 9 herein.
Similar with the first received acoustic tones, the second received acoustic tones may include multiple second frequency components. These second frequency components can reception period during the transmission during the transmission at 228, at 230 and/or at 258 it is raw At as the calculating herein referred at 244 is discussed.
When the second received acoustic tones include multiple second frequency components, the calculating at 260 may include at 262 It calculates the relative amplitude of each of multiple second frequency components and/or calculates the straight of multiple second frequency components at 264 Fang Tu.
Determine that the second decoded character distribution may include being distributed from second frequency and/or making a reservation for look into from second at 268 Table is looked for determine the second decoded character distribution.As an example, multiple second frequency components that the computing interval at 260 calculates can With corresponding with the multiple second received characters in the second of Fig. 6 the predetermined look-up table 202.In other words, the determination at 266 can be with Including determining which character from the second predetermined look-up table is corresponding with each frequency component in multiple second frequency components.
Under these conditions, the determination at 266 may include calculating the second received acoustic tones at 268 to indicate multiple It the relative probability of the received character of each of second received character second and/or is calculated at 270 multiple second received The histogram of character.Alternatively or additionally, the determination at 266 may include will be in multiple second frequency components at 272 Each second frequency component be mapped to the correspondence character in the second predetermined look-up table.
Identify that decoded character may include being based at least partially on the first decoded character distribution and the second solution at 274 The character of code is distributed to identify decoded character.Identification at 274 can be completed in any suitable manner.As an example, 274 The identification at place may include identifying maximum probability of which character with the character as coding in the first decoded character distribution And/or which character has the maximum probability of the character as coding in the decoded character distribution of identification second.
As more specific example, the identification at 274 may include that the first decoded character distribution and second is decoded Character distributed combination, to generate and/or generate compound decoded character distribution, and from compound as indicated at 276 Maximum probability character is identified in decoded character distribution.Can combine in any suitable manner the first decoded character distribution and Second decoded character distribution.As an example, can be to the first decoded character distribution and the second decoded character distribution summation. As another example, carving method (one-and-one-half moment method) Lai Zuhe when can use one and half One decoded character distribution and the second decoded character distribution.As another more specific example, and such as 278 in Fig. 4 Shown in, the identification at 274 may include neutralizing to select from the second decoded character distribution from the first decoded character distribution The most common character.
At least part of repetition methods may include any of repetition methods 200 in any suitable order at 280 Suitable part.As an example, coding nodes can be the first node in multiple nodes, and decode node can be it is multiple Second node in node.Under these conditions, the repetition at 280 may include at 220 with second node repeated encoding simultaneously And coding such as is sent along the length of tone transmission medium with the third node repeat decoding in multiple nodes at 240 Character.The process can be repeated as many times, to propagate code character between multiple nodes spaced apart.Third node can be with Two nodes and/or first node are spaced apart.Additionally or alternatively, second node can be fixed along the length of tone transmission medium Position is between first node and third node.
As another example, the character of coding can be the character of the first coding, and decoded character can be One decoded character.Under these conditions, the repetition at 280 may include repeating coding at 220 to encode the second coding Character simultaneously repeats the decoding at 240 to decode the second decoded character.This is illustrated in Fig. 7-8, wherein using from Fig. 5 and The respective frequencies of the predetermined look-up table of the first and second of Fig. 6, character P-A-I-L are sequentially encoded, as shown in Figure 7.Pass through Received frequency is compared with the frequency from the first and second predetermined look-up tables, subsequent character is decoded, such as institute in Fig. 8 Show.
Method 200 is described as using two scheduled look-up tables (for example, the first predetermined look-up table of Fig. 5 herein The predetermined look-up table 202 of the second of 201 and Fig. 6).But for the character of given coding, method 200 may include and/or benefit With any appropriate number of frequency and corresponding predetermined look-up table, this is within the scope of this disclosure.As an example, at 220 Coding, which may include from corresponding multiple look-up tables, is that the acoustic tones of multiple transmissions select multiple frequencies, and via tone Transmission medium sends the sound of multiple transmissions.As additional example, the decoding at 240 may include receiving multiple received sound It learns tone, calculate from multiple received acoustic tones multiple frequency distribution, from multiple frequency distribution and multiple predetermined look-up tables The middle multiple decoded character distributions of determination, and multiple decoded character distributions are based at least partially on to identify decoded word Symbol.Multiple decoded character distributions may include any appropriate number of decoded character distribution, including at least three, at least 4 A, at least six, at least eight or the decoded character distribution of at least ten.
Within the scope of this disclosure, method 200 can use any suitable tone transmission medium and/or any suitable Environment and/or context in execute, including those disclosed herein.As an example, and when at well (well 20 of such as Fig. 1) When interior execution method 200, method 200 can also include probing pit shaft 30.In other words, can be formed in pit shaft, limit and Method 200 is executed when probing.As another example, method 200 can also include generating reservoir fluid from subsurface formations 92.It changes Sentence is talked about, and can execute method 200 while generating reservoir fluid from subsurface formations.
As discussed herein, the decoding at the coding and/or 240 at 220 can use scheduled look-up table (such as One predetermined look-up table 201 and/or the second predetermined look-up table 202), scheduled frequency or frequency range are mapped to scheduled word The character of symbol or coding.As such, can be in the case where not having, not utilizing and/or do not use randomly or pseudo-randomly number generator Execution method 200.
Fig. 9 is the basic frequency for describing the received acoustic tones sent according to the determination of the disclosure via tone transmission medium Method 300 flow chart, and Figure 10-14 illustrates the various steps that can be executed during method 300.It can use any Suitable structure (one or more) Lai Zhihang method 300.As an example, method 300 (can such as be schemed by acoustics wireless network 1 acoustics wireless network 50) it utilizes.Under these conditions, method 300 can be used for being communicated along the length of pit shaft 30.
Method 300, which is included at 310, receives the received acoustic tones of institute, and the frequency of received acoustic tones is estimated at 320 Rate, and tone receiving time is divided into multiple time intervals at 330.Method 300 further includes calculating frequency at 340 to become Change, the subset of multiple time intervals is selected at 350, and multiple discrete frequency values are averaging at 360.Method 300 is also It may include that transmitted acoustic tones are sent at 370.
At 310 receive received acoustic tones may include being received with the decoding node of acoustics wireless network. Alternatively or additionally, the reception at 310 may include when receiving and/or receive from tone transmission medium to continue tone and receive Between.Reception at 310 may include receiving to continue any suitable tone receiving time.As an example, tone receiving time can To be at least 1 microsecond, at least 10 microseconds, at least 25 microseconds, at least 50 microseconds, at least 75 microseconds or at least 100 microseconds.At 310 Reception can also include being received with any suitable frequency or pitch frequency.The example of pitch frequency includes at least 10,000 Hertz (kHz), at least 25kHz, at least 50kHz, at least 60kHz, at least 70kHz, at least 80kHz, at least 90kHz, at least 100kHz, at least 200kHz, at least 250kHz, at least 400kHz, at least 500kHz, and/or the frequency of at least 600kHz.It is additional Ground or alternatively, pitch frequency can be at most 1 megahertz (MHz), at most 800kHz, at most 600kHz, at most 400kHz, extremely More 200kHz, at most 150kHz, at most 100kHz, and/or at most 80kHz.
Reception at 310 may include being received with any suitable decoding node (the decoding node 64 of such as Fig. 1). Alternatively or additionally, the reception at 310 may include being received with acoustic tones receiver.Acoustic tones receiver Example includes piezoelectricity tone receiver, pressure drag tone receiver, resonance MEMS tone receiver, disresonance MEMS tone receiver And/or receiver array.
The example of multiple received acoustic tones is illustrated in Figure 10, and single received acoustic tones are illustrated in Figure 11 Example.Figure 10-11 illustrates the vibration of the received acoustic tones of the function as the time (for example, tone receiving time) Width.As shown in figs. 10-11, during tone receiving time, the amplitude of received acoustic tones can be with significant changes.This variation It can be caused by the imperfection in tone transmission medium and/or using tone transmission process.The example of these imperfections exists It is discussed herein and including the acoustic tones reflection point in tone transmission medium, the generation of harmonic wave, sound during tone transmission process Adjust the variation of the speed of acoustic tones in ring and/or the tone transmission medium in transmission medium.Generally speaking, these unreasonablys The property thought may to determine, accurately determine and/or reproducibly determine that the basic frequency of received acoustic tones is challenging, And method 300 can promote this determination.
The frequency that received acoustic tones are estimated at 320 may include estimation as the function of time and/or in tone The frequency of received acoustic tones during receiving time.This may include estimation in tone receiving time it is corresponding it is multiple from Received multiple discrete frequency values at the time are dissipated, and can be completed in any suitable manner.
As an example, received acoustic tones may include either received sound wave, have in tone receiving time There is time-varying amplitude, as shown in figs. 10-11.Time-varying amplitude can define mean amplitude of tide, and the estimation at 320 may include surveying The period of the cycle time between time-varying amplitude and each circulation of mean amplitude of tide, the received sound wave of measurement are measured, and/or measurement connects Multiple zero-crossing timings of the sound wave of receipts.
Estimation at 320 can be used for generating data set, which is used as the time during tone receiving time Function received acoustic tones frequency.The example of this data set is illustrated in Figure 12.As can see in Figure 12, The frequency of received acoustic tones includes there are the time zone of relatively high variable quantity, from T in such as Figure 120To T1With from T2 To T3Time zone, and there are the time zone of relatively low variable quantity, from T in such as Figure 121To T2Time zone.
It may include separating that tone receiving time, which is divided into multiple time intervals, at 330, so that between multiple times Each time interval in includes the subset for the multiple discrete frequency values for receiving and/or determining during that time interval. Within the scope of this disclosure, each time interval in multiple time intervals can be less than the threshold portion of tone receiving time (threshold fraction).The example of the threshold portion of tone receiving time include less than 20%, less than 15%, be less than 10%, the threshold portion less than 5% or less than 1%.In other words, the separation at 330 may include by tone receiving time point At the time interval of at least number of thresholds.The example of the number of thresholds of time interval includes at least five, at least seven, at least 10 A, at least 20 or at least 100 time intervals.The duration of each time interval in multiple time intervals can with it is more The duration at each other time interval in a time interval is identical or is at least substantially identical, this is in the scope of the present disclosure It is interior.But this not all realizes requires, and one or more time intervals in multiple time intervals it is lasting when Between can be different from the duration at one or more other time intervals in multiple time intervals.
At 340 calculate frequency variation may include calculate in each time interval and/or multiple discrete frequency values it is every Any suitable frequency variation in a subset.Calculating at 340 can be executed in any suitable manner and/or can be calculated Any suitable measurement of variation or frequency variation.As an example, the calculating at 340 may include calculating to indicate multiple discrete frequencies The statistical parameter of changeability in each subset of rate value.As another example, the calculating at 340 may include calculate it is multiple Frequency range in each subset of discrete frequency values.As another example, the calculating at 340 may include calculate it is multiple from Dissipate each subset of frequency values or its inside frequency standard deviation.As another example, the calculating at 340 may include It scores each subset in multiple discrete frequency values.
As another example, the calculating at 340 may include given in assessment surplus, or assessment given interval Distinctiveness of the frequency relative to the other frequencies detected during given interval.This may include using amplitude and/or Probability density assesses distinctiveness and/or utilizes most common histogram element and the second most common histogram in given interval The difference of the amplitude of element assesses distinctiveness.
Calculating as more specific example, and at 340 includes that calculating when calculating frequency range, at 340 can be with Including being divided into or being separated into section (bin) for each subset of multiple discrete frequency values.This is in figure 13 illustrates.Wherein, it is giving It fixes time and observes number (that is, being indicated by section 1-14) quilt of given frequency in being spaced (that is, being indicated by time interval 1-10) Table is made.Given frequency is not observed in given frequency section-time interval combination zero instruction during given interval Rate section, and non-zero digital indication observes the number in given frequency section during given interval.
Under these conditions, the calculating at 340 can include determining that the span or range of frequency separation.In the example of Figure 13 In, it is section 14 including at least one uppermost section counted, and be including at least one nethermost section counted Section 11.Therefore, as indicated, span or range are 4.
The subset that multiple time intervals are selected at 350 may include determining in computing interval of the selection wherein at 340 Frequency variation is less than the subset of threshold frequency variation.Experimental data shows that frequency variation was less than between the time of threshold frequency variation Every the time interval for indicating the basic frequency more representative of received acoustic tones.As such, the selection at 350 includes selectively true Which fixed time interval more representative of or be more likely to include received acoustic tones basic frequency, thus in received acoustic tones Basic frequency be determined entirely by middle reduction noise.
Selection at 350 may include select tone receiving time in successive range or selection in tone receiving time Two or more ranges being inside temporally spaced.Alternatively or additionally, the selection at 350 may include from multiple At least two, at least three, at least four or at least five time interval are selected in time interval.
Alternatively or additionally, the selection at 350 may include being selected, so that each of multiple discrete frequency values Frequency variation in successive subset reduces and/or relative to the previous subset of multiple discrete frequency values relative to multiple discrete frequencies The previous subset of value remains unchanged.
The example of the selection at 350 is illustrated in Figure 13.In this illustration, it is selected in table and highlights span Time interval less than 10.These include time interval 1,4 and 5.
Being averaging at 360 to multiple discrete frequency values may include the multiple times selected during selection at 350 It is averaging and/or is averaging with the basic frequency of the received acoustic tones of determination in the subset at interval.Averaging at 360 can be with Any suitable way is completed.As an example, the averaging at 360 may include calculating in the subset for indicating multiple time intervals Multiple discrete frequency values average value statistical parameter.As another example, the averaging at 360 may include calculate it is more Average value, intermediate value or the mode value (mode value) of multiple discrete frequency values in the subset of a time interval.
As more specific example, and Figure 13-14 is referred to, the averaging at 360 may include to the selection at 350 The section summation of the time interval of period selection.As discussed, and to one standard of Selection utilization at 350, Ke Yixuan Select the section 1,4 and 5 in Figure 13.Then the quantity of the counting in these three sections can be added to obtain Figure 14, and can To select that there is the section at most counted, the most common or mode frequency of selected time interval is indicated.In showing for Figure 14 In example, this may include selecting the frequency in section 12 or section 12 as the basic frequency of received acoustic tones.
It may include being sent with the coding nodes of acoustics wireless network that transmitted acoustic tones are sent at 370. At 370 send can after the averaging at 360 or or in response to 360 at averaging；And the acoustics sound sent The frequency of the transmission of tune can be based at least partially on or equal to received acoustic tones basic frequency.In other words, at 370 Transmission may include repeating or propagating the basic frequencies of received acoustic tones along the length of tone transmission medium, such as to permit Perhaps and/or promote along tone transmission medium length communication.
Figure 15 is the method 400 that power is saved in the acoustics wireless network for including multiple nodes described according to the disclosure Flow chart, and Figure 16 is that the exemplary of the method for Figure 15 is schematically shown.As shown in Figure 15, method 400 is included at 410 It repeats and sequentially recycles given node, receive the received acoustic tones of institute in the transmitted acoustic tones of 420 transmissions, 430, And circulation continuous threshold value tone received duration is interrupted at 440.Method 400 can also be included in holding activity at 450 State duration threshold tone received duration and/or at 460 repetition methods at least part.
Method 400 can be executed by acoustics wireless network (the acoustics wireless network 50 of such as Fig. 1).In such networks, At least one node 60 in multiple nodes 60 is programmed to execute circulation at 410 and receive at 430, and multiple sections Adjacent node 60 in point is programmed to execute transmission at 420.
It repeats and sequentially recycles given node to may include making the given multiple circulations of node circulation continuous at 410.It is more Each circulation in a circulation includes when continuing low power state into the inactive low power state of wherein given node to continue Between, as indicated at 412.Each circulation in multiple circulations further includes then being transitioned into the receiver prison for wherein giving node Listen the listening state of the received acoustic tones from tone transmission medium to continue the listening state duration, as at 414 refer to Show.
In general, low power state duration is greater than the listening state duration.As an example, low power state is held The continuous time can be at least 2 times, at least 3 times, at least 4 times, at least 6 times, at least 8 times or at least 10 of listening state duration Times.As such, given node can save power compared with it may maintain indefinitely in the node of listening state.
The example that the circulation at 410 is illustrated in Figure 16, which illustrates the shapes of the given node of the function as the time State.Shown in starting such as the leftmost side of Figure 16, given node is maintained at low power state 480 and continues low power state duration 481, and be then transitioned into listening state 482 and continue the listening state duration 483.Also as shown, given node is low Repetitive cycling between power rating and listening state.Each circular in definition cycle duration 486, this is that low power state continues The summation of time 481 and listening state duration 483.
Given node can have or including internal clocking, this is within the scope of this disclosure.When it is present, internal clocking can There is and/or show low power clock rate to be in a low power state in given node, monitored when given node is in Have when state and/or show to monitor clock rate, and has and/or show when given node is in active state Active clock rate.Low power clock rate, which can be less than, monitors clock rate, to allow given node in low-power Power is saved when state.In addition, active clock rate can be less than by monitoring clock rate, thus allow given node with activity Power is saved under listening state when state is compared.Monitoring clock rate can be enough to detect received acoustic tones or detect it In the presence of being still not enough to parse received acoustic tones or determining the frequency of received acoustic tones, this is in the scope of the present disclosure It is interior.On the contrary, active clock rate can be enough to parse received acoustic tones or detect its frequency.
It sends at 420 and is sent during transmitted acoustic tones may include circulation at 410 and/or via tone Transmission medium is sent.Transmission at 420 can also include sending to continue the tone transmitting continuous time, and when tone transmission continues Between be greater than the low power state duration of given node.As an example, the tone transmission duration can be low power state At least 110%, at least 120%, at least 150%, at least 200% or at least the 300% of duration.It is additionally or alternative Ground, tone transmission duration can big at least as cycle duration or even greater than cycle durations.Tone passes The example of defeated duration includes at least 1 millisecond (ms), at least 2ms, at least 4ms, at least 6ms, at least 8ms or at least 10ms Duration.
The transmission at 420 can be completed in any suitable manner.As an example, the transmission at 420 may include with more The transmitter of another node in a node is sent.Another node in multiple nodes can in multiple nodes Given node it is different and/or spaced apart.In other words, tone transmission medium can be between given node and another node Extend or is spatially separated.
The transmission at 420 is illustrated in Figure 16.As shown, transmitter output may include the sound without transmission Learn the period 490 of tone.In addition, transmitter output can also include the period 492, wherein transmitter sends transmitted sound It learns tone and continues the tone transmitting continuous time 493.Since the tone transmission duration 493 is greater than low power state duration 481, therefore given node necessarily is in a part that listening state 482 continues at least tone transmission duration 493, regardless of what When transmitter initiate acoustic tones transmission.Sample like this, given node follow between low power state 480 and listening state 482 Ring to save power, while can be used for detecting or hearing the acoustic tones of transmission always.
At 430 receive received acoustic tones may include given circulation in several cycles the listening state phase Between and received with given node.Reception at 430 can also include from tone transmission medium and/or connecing with given node It receives device to be received, and can transmission after the transmission at 420 or in response to 420.
It may include that given node is transitioned into activity that the circulation of duration threshold tone received duration is interrupted at 440 State continues at least threshold value Active Elapsed, and can connecing after the reception at 430 or in response to 430 It receives.This is shown in FIG. 16, wherein in response to the reception at 430, given node is transitioned into active state 484 and is maintained at living Dynamic state duration threshold Active Elapsed 485.
Threshold value Active Elapsed can be greater than low power state duration.As an example, threshold value active state Duration can be low power state duration at least 1.5, at least 2, at least 2.5, at least 3, at least 4 or at least 5 times, And the interruption at 440 can permit the acoustic tones that given node continuously receives one or more subsequent transmissions.As an example, The acoustic tones of transmission can be the acoustic tones of the first transmission, and this method may include send by multiple pauses or its In do not send acoustic tones the separated multiple transmissions of period 490 acoustic tones.Each pause can have pause and continue Time 494, and the interruption at 440 may include being less than threshold value Active Elapsed in response to the pause duration and protecting It holds in active state.
At least part of repetition methods may include any of repetition methods 400 in any suitable manner at 460 Desired part.As an example, and in response to not receiving acoustic tones duration threshold Active Elapsed, at 460 Repetition may include back to the circulation at 410, thus saving while allowing given nodal test subsequent acoustic tones Power, this may be to receive after given node returns to the circulation at 410 from tone transmission medium.
Acoustics wireless network disclosed herein and/or its node (acoustics wireless network 50 and/or node 60 including Fig. 1) It may include and/or be any suitable structure, equipment and/or multiple equipment, can be adjusted, configure, design, construct And/or it is programmed to carry out the function of discussing herein with reference to method 200,300 and/or 400.As an example, acoustics wireless network And/or associated node may include that electronic controller, nonshared control unit, nonshared control unit, special purpose computer, display are set One or more of standby, logical device, memory devices and/or memory devices with computer readable storage medium.
Computer readable storage medium (when it is present) can also be referred to as non-transient computer-readable storage herein Medium.This non-transient computer-readable storage media may include, define, accommodating and/or storing computer executable instructions, Program and/or code；And these computer executable instructions can indicate acoustics wireless network and/or its node, to execute Any suitable part of method 200,300 and/or 400 or subset.The example of this non-transient computer-readable storage media It include: CD-ROM, disk, hard disk drive, flash memory etc..As it is used herein, the storage with computer executable instructions Device or memory, equipment and/or medium, and according to the computer implemented method and other methods of the disclosure, according to beauty Section 101 of the 35th chapter of state's code is considered to belong to be considered as can get the range of the theme of patent.
In the disclosure, it discusses and/or presents in the context of flow chart and is several illustrative, nonexcludability Example, wherein the method is shown and described as a series of boxes or step.Unless be specifically described in subsidiary description, it is no Then the order of box can be different from order shown in the flowchart, are included in two or more boxes (or step) with difference Order and/or concomitantly occur, this is within the scope of this disclosure.Box or step may be implemented as logic, and logic can also be with It is described as box or step being embodied as logic, this is within the scope of this disclosure.In some applications, box or step can be with Indicate the expression and/or movement executed by the equivalent circuit of function or other logical device.Shown box can with but be not It must indicate so that computer, processor and/or other logical device respond, execution movement, change state, generate output Or the executable instruction for showing and/or making decision.
As it is used herein, the term "and/or" being placed between first instance and second instance mean it is following it One: (1) first instance, (2) second instance, and (3) first instance and second instance.It is answered with multiple entities that "and/or" is listed It is explained when in an identical manner, that is, " one or more " in the entity so combined.In addition to specifically being known by "and/or" clause Not Chu entity except, other entities can there can optionally be, either it is related to entity those of is specifically identified still not It is related.Therefore, as non-limiting example, when being used in combination with the open language of such as " comprising " etc, to " A and/or The reference of B " can only refer to A (optionally including the entity in addition to B) in one embodiment；Only refer in another embodiment B (optionally includes the entity in addition to A)；In yet another embodiment, refer to both A and B (optionally including other entities).This A little entities can refer to element, movement, structure, step, operation, value etc..
As it is used herein, the phrase "at least one" for quoting the list of one or more entities should be understood as table Show at least one entity selected from any one or more of list of entities entity, but not necessarily includes in list of entities It each of specifically lists and at least one of each entity, and any combination for the entity being not excluded in list of entities.This A definition also allows that the entity specifically identified in the list of entities except phrase "at least one" meaning can be optionally present in Entity in addition, and those of specifically identifies that entity is related or uncorrelated.Therefore, as non-limiting example, " A At least one of with B " it (or equally " at least one of A or B ", or equally " at least one of A and/or B ") can To refer at least one in one embodiment, more than one, A is optionally included, there is no B (and to optionally include in addition to B Entity)；In another embodiment, refer at least one, optionally include more than one, B, there is no A (and optionally to wrap Include the entity in addition to A)；In yet another embodiment, refer at least one, optionally include more than one, A, and at least one It is a, optionally include more than one, B (and optionally including other entities).In other words, phrase "at least one", " one Or it is multiple " and "and/or" be open language, be both in operation connection and separation.For example, expression " A, B and C At least one of ", " at least one of A, B or C ", " one or more of A, B and C ", " one or more in A, B or C It is a " and " A, B and/or C " can indicate individual A, individual B, individual C, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, A, B and C together, and optionally above any one of the combination at least one other entity.
Any patent, patent application or other bibliography be incorporated herein by reference and (1) with or this public affairs Open be not incorporated to part or the inconsistent mode of any other bibliography being incorporated to defines term and/or (2) with other sides Formula with or the disclosure be not incorporated to part or any other bibliography being incorporated to is inconsistent, should with the disclosure not simultaneously Enter based on part, and term therein or the disclosure being incorporated to only should relative to wherein define the term and/or initially In the presence of the disclosure being incorporated to reference paper based on.
As it is used herein, term " being suitable for " and " configuration " indicate element, component or other themes be designed to and/or It is intended to execute given function.Therefore, the use of term " being suitable for " and " configuration " is not construed as meaning given element, portion Part or other themes only " can " execute given function, but element, component and/or other themes are specifically selected, are created It builds, realize, utilization, programming and/or be designed as executing the function.Be recited as being adapted for carrying out the element of specific function, component and/ Or the theme of other statements can alternatively or additionally be described as being configured as executing that function, vice versa, this Within the scope of this disclosure.
As it is used herein, phrase " such as ", phrase " as example " and/or only term " example ", in reference root When according to one or more components of the disclosure, feature, details, structure, embodiment and/or method, it is intended to convey described portion Part, feature, details, structure, embodiment and/or method be according to the component of the disclosure, feature, details, structure, embodiment and/ Or illustrative, the nonexcludability example of method.Therefore, described component, feature, details, structure, embodiment and/or method It is not intended to be limited to, required or exclusive/exhaustion；And other components, feature, details, structure, embodiment and/or method (including In structure and/or functionally similar and/or equivalent component, feature, details, structure, embodiment and/or method) also in this public affairs In the range of opening.
Industrial feasibility
Well disclosed herein and method are suitable for acoustics wireless communication, hydrocarbon prospecting and/or hydrocarbon production industry.
It is believed that above disclosure covers multiple and different inventions with independent utility.Although in its preferred form Each of these inventions are disclosed, but the specific embodiments of the present invention for being disclosed herein and illustrating are not construed as having Limited significance, because many variations are possible.Subject of the present invention include various elements disclosed herein, feature, function and/ Or all novel and non-obvious combination and the sub-portfolios of characteristic.Similarly, claims state "one" or " In the case where one " element or its equivalent, these claims are understood to include the knot of one or more such elements It closes, both two or more neither requiring nor excluding such elements.
It is believed that following following claims is pointed out for certain combinations of one of disclosed invention and sub-portfolio, and It and is novel and non-obvious.It can be by correcting present claims in the application or related application or proposing new right It is required that require the invention implemented in other combinations of feature, function, element and/or characteristic and sub-portfolio.After these amendments Or new claim, be either still directed to identical invention for different inventions, either with original claim Range it is different, wider, narrower or identical, be also considered to include in the theme of the disclosure.

Claims (24)

1. the received acoustic tones that a kind of determination is sent via the tone transmission medium being used in pit shaft acoustics wireless network The method of basic frequency, which comprises
The received acoustic tones of institute are received with the decoding node of acoustics wireless network and from tone transmission medium continue tone connect Between time receiving；
According to the frequency of the received acoustic tones of time Estimate during tone receiving time, wherein estimation includes estimation in tone In corresponding multiple received multiple discrete frequency values of discrete time in receiving time；
Tone receiving time is divided into multiple time intervals, wherein each time interval in the multiple time interval is included in The subset of received the multiple discrete frequency values during the time interval；
Calculate the frequency variation in each subset of the multiple discrete frequency values；
Frequency variation is selected to be less than the subset of the multiple time interval of threshold frequency variation；And
The multiple discrete frequency values in the subset of the multiple time interval are averaging, to determine in pit shaft acoustics The basic frequency of received acoustic tones used in wireless network.
2. the method as described in claim 1, medium pitch receiving time is at least 50 microseconds.
3. such as method of any of claims 1-2, wherein receiving includes at least 50 kHz (kHz) and at most 1 The pitch frequency of megahertz (MHz) is received.
4. method as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, wherein receiving includes being received with acoustic tones receiver.
5. such as method of any of claims 1-4, wherein receiving includes being connect at least one in following It receives:
(i) piezoelectricity tone receiver；
(ii) pressure drag tone receiver；
(iii) resonance MEMS (MEMS) tone receiver；
(iv) disresonance MEMS tone receiver；And
(v) receiver array.
6. method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein received acoustic tones are received sound wave, the sound wave There is time-varying amplitude in tone receiving time and define mean amplitude of tide, and further wherein estimate received acoustics sound The frequency of tune include it is following at least one:
(i) circulation time between time-varying amplitude and the adjoining nodes of mean amplitude of tide is measured；
(ii) period of each circulation of received sound wave is measured；And
(iii) multiple zero-crossing timings of received sound wave are measured.
7. such as method of any of claims 1-6, wherein each of the multiple time interval time interval Interval time be less than tone receiving time 20%.
8. such as method of any of claims 1-7, wherein each of the multiple time interval time interval Interval time be equal to the multiple time interval between interval time.
9. such as method of any of claims 1-8, wherein calculate frequency variation include calculate instruction it is the multiple from Dissipate the statistical parameter of the changeability in each subset of frequency values.
10. method as claimed in any one of claims 1-9 wherein, wherein calculating frequency variation includes calculating the multiple discrete frequency Frequency range in each subset of rate value.
11. such as method of any of claims 1-10, wherein calculating frequency variation includes that calculating is the multiple discrete Frequency standard deviation in each subset of frequency values.
12. such as method of any of claims 1-11, wherein calculating frequency variation includes to the multiple discrete frequency Each subset in rate value scores.
13. such as method of any of claims 1-12, wherein selecting the subset of the multiple time interval includes choosing Select the continuous time range in tone receiving time.
14. such as method of any of claims 1-13, wherein select the subset of the multiple time interval include from At least two time interval is selected in the multiple time interval.
15. the method as described in any one of claim 1-14, wherein select the subset of the multiple time interval include into Row selection, so that the frequency variation in the successive subset of each of the multiple discrete frequency values is at least following one:
(i) reduce relative to the previous subset of the multiple discrete frequency values；And
(ii) previous subset relative to the multiple discrete frequency values remains unchanged.
16. the method as described in any one of claim 1-15, wherein being averaging includes between calculating the instruction the multiple time Every subset in the multiple discrete frequency values average value statistical parameter.
17. the method as described in any one of claim 1-16, wherein being averaging includes calculating the multiple time interval The mean value of the multiple discrete frequency values in subset.
18. the method as described in any one of claim 1-17, wherein being averaging includes calculating the multiple time interval The mode of the multiple discrete frequency values in subset.
19. the method as described in any one of claim 1-18, wherein being averaging includes calculating the multiple time interval The intermediate value of the multiple discrete frequency values in subset.
20. the method as described in any one of claim 1-19, wherein after averaging, the method also includes with sound It learns the coding nodes of wireless network and sends transmitted acoustic tones via tone transmission medium and continue tone transmission time Interval, sent in the transmission frequencies of acoustic tones be based at least partially on the basic frequencies of received acoustic tones.
21. the method as described in claim in 20, wherein sending frequency is equal to basic frequency.
22. the method as described in any one of claim 1-21, for operating well, the well includes: the method
Pit shaft, the pit shaft extend in subsurface formations；And
Underground acoustics wireless network, including the multiple nodes spaced apart of the length along pit shaft, wherein the multiple node includes Node is decoded, and further wherein the multiple node is programmed to wirelessly send acoustics along the length of the pit shaft Tone.
23. the method as described in any one of claim 1-22, the method uses non-including computer executable instructions Transient state computer readable storage medium executes, and the computer executable instructions indicate that acoustics wireless network is held when executed Any the method for row.
It further include following at least one of work as: with the multiple section 24. the method as described in any one of claim 1-23 The decoding node of point is decoded decoded character, calculates first frequency distribution, and calculates second frequency distribution.
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