CN109642183A - Metal working fluids - Google Patents
Metal working fluids Download PDFInfo
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- CN109642183A CN109642183A CN201780042551.6A CN201780042551A CN109642183A CN 109642183 A CN109642183 A CN 109642183A CN 201780042551 A CN201780042551 A CN 201780042551A CN 109642183 A CN109642183 A CN 109642183A
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- working fluids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M101/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a mineral or fatty oil
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2201/02—Water
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2203/003—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions used as base material
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/02—Hydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/021—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2207/022—Hydroxy compounds having hydroxy groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing at least two hydroxy groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
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- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/287—Partial esters
- C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/40—Fatty vegetable or animal oils
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/02—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines
- C10M2215/04—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
- C10M2215/042—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms containing hydroxy groups; Alkoxylated derivatives thereof
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- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
- C10M2219/042—Sulfate esters
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2010/00—Metal present as such or in compounds
- C10N2010/02—Groups 1 or 11
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/055—Particles related characteristics
- C10N2020/06—Particles of special shape or size
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/12—Inhibition of corrosion, e.g. anti-rust agents or anti-corrosives
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/18—Anti-foaming property
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/22—Metal working with essential removal of material, e.g. cutting, grinding or drilling
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
- C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
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- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
- C10N2050/011—Oil-in-water
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- C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
- C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles
- C10N2050/013—Water-in-oil
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
Disclose a kind of metal working fluids.The fluid includes oily components, aqueous components and the surfactant being dispersed in aqueous components.Metal working fluids bubble compound substantially free of defoaming agent or only.
Description
The present invention relates to metal working fluids, especially the metal containing oily components, aqueous components and surfactant
Process fluid.
Metal working fluids usually (produce metal fragment, such as in milling or grind in industry in destructive intermetallic composite coating
In mill) in and deformable metal processing (not producing metal fragment, such as in rolling) in, find many applications.These metals
Each in process fluid have jointly oily components, aqueous components and surfactant (its be dispersed in aqueous components with
Formed lotion) basic composition.Such oily components are derivative usually for example, by the purification of crude oil or shale oil, or esterification
From hydrocarbon source.
Include by aqueous components including use emulsifier to generate lotion in oleaginous base or vice versa because this
The aqueous and oily material of sample is natural unmixing.The example of metal working fluids comprising water-based emulsion includes intermetallic composite coating
Fluid and other fluids based on water.Surfactant is commonly used in emulsifying aqueous and oily components, wherein including enough tables
Face activating agent is to ensure that lotion is formed completely.It is desirable that should be without remaining unmixing component, and lotion should be stable
, so that each component will not be separated during storage or use.However, will lead to cream using excessive surfactant
Change mixture to foam immediately in mixing or during use.In order to reduce such case occur a possibility that, defoaming agent or only
Bubble compound is also included in metal working fluids, to prevent described in the formation or reduction of the foam as caused by surfactant
The amount of foam.This combination generates stable lotion, and foaming tendency reduces.
It is advantageous, however, that the metal working fluids of the lotion as complete stability are able to produce, without additional table
The use of face activating agent or defoaming agent.
The purpose of the present invention is meet this needs, the gold by providing a kind of metal working fluids in first aspect
Belonging to process fluid includes lotion below: oily components；Aqueous components；And surfactant；The wherein oily components or water
Property component and surfactant formed micella, and wherein the metal working fluids without insoluble defoaming agent or only bubble compound
To compensate foaming.
On the other hand, the present invention provides a kind of metal working fluids, includes: oily components；Aqueous components；And surface-active
Agent；Wherein the metal working fluids without defoaming agent or only bubble compound, and wherein the metal working fluids mixing or
It does not show to foam when use.
Another aspect, the present invention provide the metal working fluids prepared in this way.
Referring now to illustrative embodiment, only description is of the invention by way of example.Embodiment of the present invention
It may include the method for oily components and aqueous components using metal working fluids.Simply by the presence of the surface being dispersed in aqueous components
Activating agent, oily components such as mineral oil and oil base stock can use aqueous components such as water emulsification.This water-based emulsion is for various
Using, including lubrication and intermetallic composite coating, wherein intermetallic composite coating is the focus of embodiment of the present invention.These lotions can not
Dilution is diluted using diluent such as water and is used.Alternatively, lotion may be used as additive with the tax when mixing with carrier fluid
Give various properties.Carrier fluid can be selected from lubricating fluid, energy dissipation fluid or energy production fluid, so that metal working fluids
As the additive of these carrier fluids, these fluids itself include lotion.However, by forming micellar structure, wherein substantially
Upper all surface activating agent is all incorporated in micellar structure, and it is living that unbonded surface is substantially absent in metal working fluids
Property agent.This is eliminated using insoluble defoaming agent and/or only bubble compound compensates the foaming as caused by excess surface active agent
Needs so that metal working fluids substantially free of defoaming agent or only bubble compound.When metal working fluids be used as lotion or
It is also such case when the additive of other carrier fluids.In addition, metal working fluids do not increase any foaming behavior, and/or
There can be the trend for any foaming for reducing carrier fluid.
Micella is dispersed in the aggregation of the surfactant molecule in colloid, wherein the particle of the first material is suspended in
In two materials, two-phase system is generated.From it is different in the solution, the first material is insoluble or unmixing in the second material, thus become
At lotion.In aqueous solution, micelle forma-tion aggregation, wherein the hydrophobic tail of surfactant molecule inwardly and surface-active
The hydrophilic head of agent molecule is outwardly.This forms Normal micelles, generates oil-in-water phase mixture.Reversed phase micelle has phase reef knot
Structure, wherein the hydrophilic head of surfactant molecule is inside and hydrophobic tail is outside.This generates Water-In-Oil phase mixture.Table
The package behavior of face active agent molecule leads to the monolayer surface active agent molecule around micelle cores, on surface the considerations of energy
It is usually formed sphere later.
Other surfactant layer can also be wrapped in micella exterior circumferential.It is mixed when other surfactant to be added to
It is particularly the case when closing in object.For example, this leads to the molecule stretching of oily components when shearing force is applied to oily components.
This stretching makes molecule flatten and tends to layer structure, to increase the surface area that any surfactant can be attracted to.
In conjunction with the laminar flow of the surrounding molecules of the dispersion of surfactant in water, the encapsulation ratio of surfactant increases from≤1/3
To > 1/2.Once shearing force from molecule remove, due to surface can the considerations of, molecule formed spherical micelle, certainly, unless surface
The structure of activating agent causes the minimal surface of micella that can be configured to stratiform or cylinder.For example, Gemini surface active, sometimes
Referred to as dimeric surfactant, there are two hydrophobic tails for tool, and the core of micella is twisted into elongated oval shape.At this
A bit, for spherical micelle, surfactant encapsulation ratio is decreased back to≤1/3, therefore has been attracted to the interim stratiform of molecule
Any surfactant of configuration forms other surfactant layer around micella.However, odd-level is only formed, because right
In Normal micelles, the surfactant molecule of even level is with the hydrophilic head of hydrophilic head and first layer surfactant molecule
Portion's contact and hydrophobic tail are directed toward outer arrangement.For reversed phase micelle, reversion is correct.Therefore, in both cases, micella
To have 1,3,5,7 ... n=2k+1 layers of surfactant.This also causes to have virtually no form in lotion
Free surfactant, because surfactant will be incorporated in these micellas with multilayer.Therefore, it is substantially absent in fluid
Unbonded surfactant.The surfactant being added in lotion is more, and the number of plies of the surfactant in micella is more.
Surfactant may include or mixtures thereof at least one ionic surface active agent, at least one nonionic surfactant.It is excellent
Selection of land, glass or plastic containers, because can be to the corruption of metal working fluids using ionic surface active agent
Erosion inhibition behavior has an impact.However, there is a situation where that its ionic surfactant may be beneficial.Therefore, although superficial layer
Interior principal surfactant component can be nonionic surfactant, but other ionic surface active agents can reside in layer
It is interior.This provides various advantages in customized surface activating agent aspect of performance.
Metal working fluids embodiment according to the present invention can undiluted, dilution or the additive as carrier fluid
It uses.When undiluted in use, metal working fluids can take out directly from manufacturing process and use as pure lotion.Or
Person, it may be necessary to metal working fluids are diluted using a certain amount of water, to reduce the viscosity of lotion.Water is in metal working fluids
In be used as diluent.Additive fluid is incorporated into the fluid in carrier fluid, such as the another kind with intermetallic composite coating property
Lotion.In this case, carrier fluid is by with certain viscosity, and can also be solvable containing only bubble or defoaming compounds
In lotion.For the metal working fluids to work well as additive, it is important that it will not make to appoint
What foaming behavior ratio is worse in original emulsion, otherwise will need additional only bubble or defoaming compounds with ensure carrier fluid and
The performance of metal working fluids mixture.In this case, embodiment of the present invention is highly useful, because of their surface
Activating agent content combines in the micella of oily components in aqueous components.The dilution step can carry out more than once, having
Effect ground forms array of fluid, and wherein metal working fluids further dilute and further generate certain performance behavior.For example, can
It can need to take a certain amount of metal working fluids and make that it is diluted with water to generate with known surfactant behavior and glue
The customization metal working fluids of degree.In this case, metal working fluids can be used for improving viscosity and/or reduce foaming row
For.
Using method of the invention and also enable generating metal working fluids, there is highly viscous material to be emulsified into surely
Fixed lotion.Use the prior art, it is difficult to be greater than about the fluid of 100-150 cSt in 40 DEG C of emulsified viscosity.Use the present invention
Method, can 40 DEG C of emulsified viscosity be 8,000-12,000 cSt fluid.Practical limitation is each during depending on emulsification
The temperature of kind component.For example, it may be desirable to which component is heated to about 90 DEG C to realize emulsification.
The property of customized surface activating agent not needing that any only bubble or defoaming chemical combination are added into metal working fluids
Object.It is that defoaming (is removed and generated in use, manufacture or storage by metal working fluids that only bubble or defoaming compounds, which are main functions,
Any foam) those of material, and can obtain in a variety of manners.The compound popular for one kind of metal working fluids
It is the compound with silicon components.The something in common of these compounds also resides in them insoluble in being used to form metal working fluids
Or the fluid for being diluted with metal working fluids or being mixed with metal working fluids --- it is usually water-insoluble.Therefore, although
They can be used to reduce the foaming of metal working fluids in use, but component itself can generate solubility in final lotion and ask
Topic.Above description is based on the oiliness object in water-based emulsion, but the identical reversion for considering the aqueous materials suitable for oily emulsion
Situation.In any case, oily components may include one-component, one group of component or the fluid prepared completely.
Therefore, no matter the quantity of the molecular layer of surfactant, surfactant effectively wrapping up on micellar surface
The advantage is that the metal working fluids that essentially all surfactant combines in micellar structure in a fluid may be implemented.
Use and some benefit of the micellar structure in metal working fluids are described in greater detail below.
Oily components be essentially oiliness, based on oil or oil-containing material.These oily components can be described as lubricating combination
Object.Lubricating composition can be the blend of the lubricant or component prepared completely, and component described in wherein at least one has profit
Slipping property.The lubricant prepared completely is typically based on lubrication base oil plant.Known many different lubricating base oils, including synthesis
The mixture of oil, natural oil or both can be used with refining or not refining state (with or without at least one purifying
Step).Natural oil includes alkane, cycloalkane or the mineral oil for mixing paraffinic-naphthenic property, the property based on its source
Matter.Synthetic oil includes hydrocarbon ils (such as alkene, such as polybutene and polypropylene) and polyalphaolefin (PAO).Oil base stock classification is by beauty
Petroleum institute, state (API Publication 1509) definition, provides a set of guideline for all lubricant base oils.These
It is displayed in Table 1:
Table 1- oil base stock
II class and/or Group III base oil are such as hydrocracked and the base oil of hydrotreating and synthetic oil such as polyalphaolefin, alkyl
Aromatic hydrocarbons and synthetic ester are well-known base oil.Group III base oil material is intended to height alkane, and wherein saturate is high
In 90%, viscosity index (VI) is more than 125, and arene content low (being lower than 3%) and aniline point are at least 118.Synthetic oil includes hydrocarbon ils, such as poly-
Conjunction and interpolymerized alkene, such as polybutene, polypropylene, propylene isobutylene copolymers and ethylene-alpha-olefin copolymer.PAO (polyalphaolefin)
It is typically derived from C6、C8、C10、C12、C14And C16Or mixtures thereof alkene.This PAO usually has the viscosity index (VI) greater than 135.
PAO can be manufactured by the catalytic oligomerization (aggregating into low molecular weight product) of linear alpha olefin (also referred to as LAO) monomer.This leads
It causes there are two class materials, PAO and HVI-PAO (High Viscosity Index PAO), wherein PAO is in catalyst such as AlCl3Or BF3In the presence of shape
At, and HVI-PAO is formed using Friedel-Crafts catalyst or reduction chrome catalysts.
The oil base stock that ester is also formed with, including synthetic ester, GTL (gas-to-liquid) material are also in this way, especially
It is derived from those of hydrocarbon source.For example, the polyol ester of the ester or monocarboxylic acid of binary acid and monohydric alcohol can be it is useful.
According to ASTM D5293, this ester should usually have at -35 DEG C less than the viscosity of 10,000 cP.However, suitable lubrication group
The actual selection for closing object will depend on the final application of metal working fluids.For example, some intermetallic composite coating applications will be based on mineral
Oil and/or ester combination.The metal working fluids of embodiment according to the present invention are also used as the synthesis without emulgate ingredient
Additive in lubricant.This is because the component of syntholube product is water-soluble, the salt including mixed amine and carboxylic acid
With ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer.These example includes 81 BF of Syntilo 9913 and Syntilo, can be from
Castrol Limited is obtained.
A kind of appropriate method for forming the micellar structure for metal working fluids is described in US2013/0201785,
It is related to mixing oiliness and water-based material under shearing force and laminar flow to generate the device of the fluid of oil-in-water or Water-In-Oil.This method
Basis it is as follows: the first fluid of the aqueous solution comprising surfactant and the second fluid comprising oiliness compound are being sheared
Mixing is under power to generate central fluid.The central fluid is colloid emulsion form, and is had bigger than first or second fluid
Viscosity, and can be free-flowing or it is gelatinous.The central fluid includes oily fluid or oiliness cream in water-based emulsion
The micella of aqueous fluids in liquid.First and second fluids are all added in chamber, wherein using blender with by
It rotates under 1200 to 1600rpm rotation speed and under shearing force mixes two kinds of fluids.Select chamber shape and
The size of blender does not have turbulent flow with the region ensured around chamber wall.Therefore, when oiliness molecule is under shearing, surface is living
Property agent aqueous suspension can surround chamber in this region, generate laminar flow.It can also add under laminar flow to central fluid
Enter third fluid, for example, increasing the water content of aqueous fluids to reduce the viscosity of gained metal working fluids.
Another advantage in metal working fluids using micellar structure can be achieved on accurate micella as described above
Size range.The distribution of the average diameter of micella follows Gaussian Profile, has average value mu and standard deviation.Standard deviation is small
It is particularly advantageous in or equal to 0.2 μ.For example, be averaged micelle diameters for 0.3 μm of mean value, the standard of average micelle diameters
Deviation is 0.06 μm or smaller.Average micelle diameters are the average value of the various diameter measurements carried out to micella, in spherical glue
Micelle diameters (wherein carrying out because no matter measuring, diameter change is very little or none) is approximately equal in the case where beam.
Preferably, average micelle diameters≤0.3 μm.For determining the conjunction of average micelle diameters and average micelle diameters distribution
Suitable measuring technique includes but is not limited to optical measuring technique, for example, using Beckman Coulter laser diffraction PS analyzer
The laser particle size analysis and flow cytometry technique of (LS 13 320).Have the advantages that the average micelle diameters of close limit are
The ability on surface is completely covered in metal working fluids.In the fluid of the average micelle diameters with wide scope, fluid is on surface
On coverage rate be variable.This is because the region of similar face product has the fluid of different volumes on it.However, if
Average micelle diameters are in small range, then surface coverage is more efficient and extensive, because the region of similar face product will be at it
The upper fluid with roughly equal volume.This leads to abrasion and the protection of improved surface/interface more evenly.
It is not wishing to be bound by theory, at present it should be understood that due to shear-mixed, essentially all surfactant institute all as above
It states and is incorporated in micellar structure.That is, essentially all surfactant molecule micelle cores surface (as needed its
Can be aqueous or oiliness) on formed it is at least one layer of.It is living that unbonded surface is substantially absent in metal working fluids
Property agent can be single wherein unbonded surfactant is characterized as being the free surfactant molecule in metal working fluids
Solely detection rather than oiliness/aqueous or aqueous/oiliness micella a part.In practice, it is incorporated in basic in micellar structure
Nominally upper all surface activating agent causes metal working fluids without excessive surfactant.In other words, in use,
Metal working fluids are substantially free of foam, and preferably, and in use, fluid does not foam.This also leads to metal working fluids
Substantially free of defoaming agent or stop bubble compound, because needing these no longer to compensate any foaming of oiliness/water-based emulsion.Gold
It can be determined by measuring the surface tension of lotion nominally belonging to process fluid and becoming the point without excess surface active agent.One
Denier reaches critical micelle concentration, and includes no longer surfactant molecule in superficial layer, then the surface tension of lotion is shown
Discontinuity.This can be detected by stalagmometry technology well known by persons skilled in the art.For determining this point
Other technologies include NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) technology and light scattering techniques.These are included in MA James-Smith et al.,
Those of in Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 310 (2007) 590-598.In addition to these surveys
Examination, and determine that simple mixing test will indicate whether metal working fluids can foam using except the foam volume in fluid.
The container for shaking receiving fluid should be nearly free from foam, so that fluid is substantially free of foam.
At this, other additives can be added to improve other components of metal working fluids or metal working fluids in point
Performance.A kind of metal working fluids are lubricating fluids or metal working fluids are exemplary forms.This is in further detail below
Consider.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides the method for preparing metal working fluids using the above method, and makes
The metal working fluids prepared with the process.Following non-limiting embodiment is related to metal working fluids.
As described above, metal working fluids be for destructive process of metal working (wherein produce the process of chip, such as
Milling) or deformable metal process (wherein material deformation or shaping so that not generating the process of chip, such as steel rolling)
Lubricant.Metal working fluids are formulated to be used to use their certain types of metal (such as steel) on it, and is used for
Use their process (such as wire drawing).The feature of typical metal process fluid composition suitable for destructive processes (milling)
It is following illustrative composition:
The lubricating composition of 10 to 50 weight %；
The surfactant of 3.0 to 8.0 weight %；
The corrosion inhibitor of 5.0 to 10 weight %；
The yellow metal of 0 to 1.0 weight %；
The ester of 0 to 8.0 weight %；With
The water of surplus.
In this embodiment, the metal working fluids of embodiment according to the present invention may include in addition to water all
Mentioned component, generation need water so as to dilute the lotion used or metal working fluids can be used as final lotion generate and with
Undiluted form uses.Suitable surfactant includes but is not limited to C16-C18Alcohol ethoxylate --- ethyoxyl
Changing range is 0-9 moles (fatty alcohol polyglycol ether)；C16-C18Alcohol ethoxylate and propoxylate；With 2-9
Mole ethoxylation range C6/C8/C16-18Alkyl ethoxy carboxylate acid；Alkane with the moles ethoxylated range of 2-5
Base ether ethoxylate phosplate-alkyl chain C18；Ethoxylation olein with 6/9 moles ethoxylated range；And C16-
C18The macrogol ester of fatty acid.As described above, the combination of various surfactants may be particularly advantageous.
Suitable corrosion inhibitor includes but is not limited to amine/alkali metal salt of short chain monocarboxylic acid, dicarboxylic acids and tricarboxylic acids, short
Chain acid phosphoric acid ester, including alkoxylation ester, hemisuccinic acid half ester, amide-carboxylate salts, fatty acid amide and amine and alkali metal sulphur
Hydrochlorate or derivatives thereof.Yellow metal includes benzotriazole or derivatives thereof and tolytriazole or derivatives thereof.Suitable ester packet
It includes but is not limited to C8-C18TMP (trimethylolpropane) monoesters, diester and three esters of fatty acid, the two of oleyl fatty acid dominance
Alcohol ester, the methyl esters or isopropyl ester of triglycerides or oleyl fatty acid dominance, three ester of natural glycerin, such as rapeseed, and it is modified
Natural oil as blowing rapeseed.If desired, may also comprise biocide (usually amine compounds).These include but not
Being limited to formaldehyde releaser includes adjacent dimethoxym ethane, Hexahydrotriazine and derivative, di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide morpholine, oxazolidine and derivative, different thiophene
Oxazoline ketone and derivative and iodo Propylbutyl carbamate-fungicide.
Other additives used in other lubricant systems, and those listed above the other suitable of material
Example, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that.
In the present invention, it has been recognized that the method and apparatus disclosed in US2013/0201785, it can be from
Clariant AG is provided when being applied to metal working fluids field better than conventional emulsification side with title " NanoCon " acquisition
The many advantages of method are especially used for the water miscibility fluid of intermetallic composite coating.
Ensure that whether really essentially all surfactant is all incorporated in micellar structure reduction metal and adds to test
The foaming of work fluid checks that commercially available sub-micron emulsion NanoGel CCT (can be from Clariant Produkte
(Deutschland) GmbH obtain) sample.NanoGel CCT include caprylic/capric triglyceride, water, glycerol,
Laureth-23, two cocoyl ethylenediamine PEG-15 sodium sulphate, sodium lauroyl lactylate, docosyl alcohol, tristerin and lemon
Lemon acid tristerin.Oily components are included in micella, and each micella has three superficial layers of surfactant, account for cream
Essentially all surfactant in liquid.Sample 1 includes 10 weight % NanoGel CCT and 90 weight % water, and sample 2 wraps
Containing 5 weight % NanoGel CCT and 95% water.These are directed to (can comprising 10 weight % Alusol, 41 BF metal working lubricant
Obtained from Castrol Limited) and the control sample 1 of 90 weight % water assessed.
The trial inspection of sample 1 and sample 2 show when being mixed with water NanoGel CCT almost without observe hair
Bubble.Then repeatedly test is carried out to determine their general applicabilities used in metal working fluids to sample.
Tapping torque
Tapping torque test is carried out according to ASTM 5619-00 (2011) with comparative sample 1, sample 2 and control sample 1.The test
Determine torque capacity needed for forming screw thread in the prebored hole of aluminium alloy (AlZnMgCu0.5).The results are shown in Table 2, will compare
The performance of sample 1 as 100 performance index:
| Sample | Control sample 1 | Sample 1 | Sample 2 |
| Performance index | 100 | 93.5 | 99.4 |
Table 2 --- tapping torque test
As can be seen the NanoGel CCT comprising 5 weight % provides the small size drop of torque in water compared with control sample
It is low.However, providing the significant decrease of torque comprising 10 weight % in water compared with control sample.
Corrosion inhibits
After the pH of the lotion of measurement about pH5 (subacidity), it is investigated the ability that sample 1 inhibits corrosion.Carry out standard
Corrosion inhibits test (to press DIN 51360 (part 2), cast-iron scrap is immersed in sample 2, then check iron filings on filter paper
Dyeing).When immersing, cast-iron scrap starts to corrode, but after about 15 minutes, corrosion process significantly slows down, and causes to a certain degree
Corrosion inhibit.In order to determine that this is the chemistry (composition) or physics (micella) process in NanoGel CCT, by NanoGel
The constituent component mixing of CCT is used as control sample 2, and retest.It is interesting that rotten in the entire dipping process of cast-iron scrap
The continuation of erosion process is normal, shows compared with using micella physical structure not in lotion, and the micellar structure of NanoGel CCT provides
Improved corrosion inhibits.
Above-described embodiment is related to using Normal micelles, i.e., wherein surfactant forms superficial layer, wherein surfactant
The hydrophilic head of molecule is outwardly；It is formed oil-in-water mixture (oily components are in the lotion in aqueous components).However, it is possible to
It needs to be formed Water-In-Oil mixture using reversed phase micelle structure (aqueous components are in the lotion in oily components).
The viscosity index (VI) (VI) of various oil base stocks provides in upper table 1.However, the kinematic viscosity of oil base stock also can shadow
Ring whether oil can emulsify to generate water-based emulsion.In general, the oil suitable for above-mentioned metal working fluids is at 40 DEG C with small
In or equal to 20cst kinematic viscosity.It is also possible, however, to use having at 40 DEG C than this higher kinematic viscosity (for example, high
Up to the oil of 100cst).
Based on appended claims, the various embodiments and other embodiments of metal working fluids are aobvious to technical staff
And it is clear to.
Claims (27)
1. including the metal working fluids of lotion below:
Oily components；
Aqueous components；With
Surfactant；
Wherein the oily components or the aqueous components and the surfactant form micella, and the wherein intermetallic composite coating
Without insoluble defoaming agent or only, bubble compound is foamed fluid with compensating.
2. metal working fluids as described in claim 1, wherein essentially all surfactant is all incorporated in the oiliness
In the micella of component or aqueous components, so that unbonded surfactant is substantially absent in a fluid.
3. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in use, the lotion is diluted or undiluted
's.
4. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal working fluids are additives.
5. metal working fluids according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the micella is Normal micelles, and described
Oily components form the center of the micella.
6. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 5, wherein surface includes at least one surfactant monomer layer.
7. such as metal working fluids described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the structure of the surfactant determines glue
The structure of beam.
8. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 7, wherein the structure of the micella is generally spherical.
9. metal working fluids as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the oily components include lubricating combination
Object.
10. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 9, wherein the lubricating composition is I, II, II, IV or V class basis
Oil.
11. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 9, wherein the lubricating composition includes the blend of component, at least
A kind of component has lubricating property.
12. metal working fluids as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the surfactant is ion surface
Or mixtures thereof activating agent, nonionic surfactant.
13. metal working fluids according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the micella is reversed phase micelle, and described
The center of at least some formation micella of aqueous components.
14. metal working fluids as described in any one of the preceding claims, include:
The lubricating composition of 10 to 50 weight %；
The surfactant of 3.0 to 8.0 weight %；
The corrosion inhibitor of 5.0 to 10 weight %；
The yellow metal of 0 to 1.0 weight %；
The ester of 0 to 8.0 weight %；With
The water of surplus.
15. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 9, wherein the lubricating composition is mineral oil, at 40 DEG C
Kinematic viscosity is greater than or equal to 20 cst.
16. the metal working fluids as described in claim 1,2,3 or 4, wherein averagely micelle diameters are followed with average value mu
Gaussian Profile, and wherein standard deviation is less than or equal to 0.2 μ.
17. metal working fluids as claimed in claim 16, wherein averagely micelle diameters average value≤0.3 μm.
18. metal working fluids as described in any one of the preceding claims, wherein the metal working fluids are for destroying
Property process of metal working.
19. the metal working fluids as described in any one of claims 1 to 17, wherein the metal working fluids are for deforming
Process of metal working.
20. preparing lubricant and surfactant in the metal working fluids as described in any one of claims 1 to 19
Micella method, comprising:
The first fluid of aqueous solution of the mixing comprising surfactant；
Obtain the second fluid comprising lubricating composition；
Mix first and second fluid under shearing force to generate central fluid；With
The fluid of micella of the recycling comprising the lubricant and the surfactant.
21. method as claimed in claim 20, wherein the step of mixing first and second fluid include with 1200 to
The revolving speed of the range of 1600 rpm stirs.
22. method as claimed in claim 21 wherein mixing first and second fluid to form central fluid, and is also wrapped
Include following steps:
Third fluid is added to central fluid under laminar flow.
23. method as claimed in claim 22, wherein the central fluid has viscosity more higher than first or second fluid.
24. without defoaming agent or stopping use of the fluid of bubble compound as metal working fluids or the additive of metal working fluids
On the way.
25. a kind of method for forming metal working fluids, comprising:
Form the first fluid comprising surfactant；
Form the second fluid comprising oiliness compound；
Mix the first fluid and the second fluid under shearing force to generate central fluid；With
Aqueous fluids and the central fluid are mixed under laminar flow to generate metal working fluids.
26. the metal working fluids as described in any one of claims 1 to 19 use side according to claim 25
Method preparation.
27. a kind of metal working fluids prepared by the method using claim 25.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16178754 | 2016-07-08 | ||
| EP16178754.4 | 2016-07-08 | ||
| PCT/EP2017/067140 WO2018007612A1 (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2017-07-07 | Metalworking fluid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109642183A true CN109642183A (en) | 2019-04-16 |
Family
ID=56507390
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201780042551.6A Pending CN109642183A (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2017-07-07 | Metal working fluids |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20190300817A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3481929A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2019520462A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN109642183A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2018007612A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MX2018016414A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2019-09-02 | Castrol Ltd | Industrial fluid. |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2018007612A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 |
| EP3481929A1 (en) | 2019-05-15 |
| JP2019520462A (en) | 2019-07-18 |
| US20190300817A1 (en) | 2019-10-03 |
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