CN109639574A - A kind of adaptive QoS routing selection method - Google Patents
A kind of adaptive QoS routing selection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109639574A CN109639574A CN201910093919.2A CN201910093919A CN109639574A CN 109639574 A CN109639574 A CN 109639574A CN 201910093919 A CN201910093919 A CN 201910093919A CN 109639574 A CN109639574 A CN 109639574A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/16—Multipoint routing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/02—Details
- H04L12/16—Arrangements for providing special services to substations
- H04L12/18—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast
- H04L12/185—Arrangements for providing special services to substations for broadcast or conference, e.g. multicast with management of multicast group membership
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/12—Shortest path evaluation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/26—Route discovery packet
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/74—Address processing for routing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/70—Admission control; Resource allocation
- H04L47/82—Miscellaneous aspects
- H04L47/825—Involving tunnels, e.g. MPLS
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of adaptive QoS routing selection methods, according to current specific multicast group and network environment, optimal method for routing is adaptive selected, carried out data transmission for the biggish multicast group selection of multicast members' rate of change of the density based on the discovery method of core, carry out data transmission than the multicast group selection flooding of comparatively dense with the method for wiping out for multicast members, tunnel approach is selected to carry out data transmission for the more dispersed user of multicast members, flexibility with higher all can most efficiently play the advantage of multicasting technology under circumstances.It is also possible to service the user of unicast networks, it can be seamlessly connected with existing multicasting technology and application layer technology, be used in conjunction with, be with a wide range of applications.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to wireless network communication technique fields, and in particular to a kind of adaptive QoS routing selection method is set
Meter.
Background technique
1988, Deering proposed the concept of ip multicast, had obtained extensive concern from this ip multicast technology.Multicast
Between unicast communication and broadcast communication, the data packet that sender sends can be sent to be located at by it is dispersed in different sub-network
In one group of recipient.The basic concept of multicast is " group ", and a multicast group (multicast group) is exactly one group and wishes to connect
Receive the recipient of specific data stream.This organizes the boundary of no physics or geography: host in group can be located at internet or
From anywhere in person's dedicated network.Each of multicast group node is referred to as multicast members (multicast group
member)。
In the various applications of multicast, achievable unicast, but increasing with recipient, the data packet for needing to send
In linear increase need to send n part copy of the same data packet, such traffic will at double for multiple recipients
Increase, can also occupy many bandwidth of network, cause network blockage sometimes.But multi-casting communication IP data packet only sends one
Secondary, router can automatically be forwarded to each recipient in different segment, can be the message transmitted in a network
The quantity of copy is minimum, therefore multicasting technology is necessary.
It is to use single routing mechanism however under existing conventional multicast mode, it can not be according to multicast group
The aggregation extent of middle member and select optimize routing scheme, flexibility is lower, can not under circumstances all most
Expeditiously play the advantage of multicasting technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve existing conventional multicast modes to be all made of single routing mechanism, can not
The problem of all most efficiently playing the advantage of multicasting technology under circumstances proposes a kind of adaptive QoS routing selection
Method.
The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: a kind of adaptive QoS routing selection method, comprising the following steps:
S1, Real-time Transport Protocol is run under the multicasting mode of server end, and send stream medium data to by multicast address mark
The multicast channel of knowledge.
S2, using in multicast range it is each issue Measurement Request business user as a multicast members, statistics obtains
The quantity N of multicast members.
S3, by multicast members' quantity N divided by the area of multicast range, obtain multicast members' density p.
S4, judge in time threshold TmWhether the change rate V of interior multicast members' density p is greater than change rate threshold value VmIf
S5 is then entered step, S6 is otherwise entered step.
S5, carried out data transmission in multicast channel by the discovery method based on core.
S6, judge whether multicast members' density p is greater than member's density threshold ρmIf then entering step S7, otherwise into
Enter step S8.
S7, in multicast channel by flooding carry out data transmission with the method for wiping out.
S8, carried out data transmission in multicast channel by tunnel approach.
Further, step S5 include it is following step by step:
S51, core router is specified for multicast group, and obtains its IP unicast address.
S52, using core router as root node, create the forwarding tree of multicast group.
S53, when any one router in forwarding tree sends datagram to core router, pass through core router
Each intermediate router between the router handles datagram.
Further, intermediate router handles datagram in step S53 method particularly includes:
If the datagram sent is multi-case data report, and its destination address is the group address of multicast group, then passes through intermediate road
From device, each member into multicast group forwards the datagram；
If the datagram sent is the datagram that the multicast group is added in request, which is added intermediate router
In routing, and a copy of each multi-case data report is forwarded to the router for issuing the datagram.
Further, step S7 include it is following step by step:
S71, core router is specified for multicast group, and obtains its IP unicast address.
S72, using core router as root node, create the forwarding tree of multicast group.
S73, judge whether the downstream branch of each router on forwarding tree has the member of the multicast group, if then entering
Step S74, otherwise enters step S75.
S74, retain the router and downstream branch, and enter step S76.
S75, tree shears remove by the router and downstream, and enter step S76.
S76, give the correct time when each of forwarding tree router receives a multi-case data, judge its whether from source point through most
Short path sends over, if then entering step S77, otherwise enters step S78.
S77, the multi-case data report received to every other direction forwarding.
S78, the multi-case data report is abandoned.
Further, step S8 include it is following step by step:
S81, datagram transmitting terminal router to multi-case data report addition general data report stem, sealed again
Dress obtains the unicast data report sent to single goal station.
S82, the router that unicast data report is sent to datagram receiving end by tunnel.
S83, the router in datagram receiving end peel off the stem of unicast data report, it is made to revert to original multicast number
According to report, continue to forward to other points of destination.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) present invention is adaptive selected optimal method for routing, is according to current specific multicast group and network environment
The biggish multicast group selection of multicast members' rate of change of the density is carried out data transmission based on the discovery method of core, is formed for multicast
Multicast group selection of the member than comparatively dense is flooded to be carried out data transmission with the method for wiping out, and is the more dispersed user's choosing of multicast members
It selects tunnel approach to carry out data transmission, flexibility with higher all can most efficiently play multicast under circumstances
The advantage of technology.
(2) present invention can also service the user of unicast networks, can be seamless with existing multicasting technology and application layer technology
Connection, is used in conjunction with, is with a wide range of applications.
(3) present invention runs RTP association before carrying out multicast members' statistics first under the multicasting mode of server end
View, and send stream medium data to the multicast channel identified by multicast address, be conducive to the data of server transmission so not
It is influenced by receiving end quantity.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 show a kind of adaptive QoS routing selection method flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 show the discovery method flow diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on core.
Fig. 3 show flooding provided in an embodiment of the present invention and wipes out method flow diagram.
Fig. 4 show tunnel approach flow chart provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 show tunnel approach application scenarios schematic diagram provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6, which is shown, provided in an embodiment of the present invention is packaged schematic diagram to multi-case data report.
Specific embodiment
Carry out detailed description of the present invention illustrative embodiments with reference to the drawings.It should be appreciated that shown in attached drawing and
The embodiment of description is only exemplary, it is intended that is illustrated the principle and spirit of the invention, and is not limited model of the invention
It encloses.
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of adaptive QoS routing selection methods, as shown in Figure 1, including the following steps S1
~S8:
S1, Real-time Transport Protocol is run under the multicasting mode of server end, and send stream medium data to by multicast address mark
The multicast channel of knowledge.The data that such design is conducive to server transmission are not influenced by receiving end quantity.
S2, using in multicast range it is each issue Measurement Request business user as a multicast members, statistics obtains
The quantity N of multicast members.
S3, by multicast members' quantity N divided by the area of multicast range, obtain multicast members' density p.
S4, judge in time threshold TmWhether the change rate V of interior multicast members' density p is greater than change rate threshold value VmIf
S5 is then entered step, S6 is otherwise entered step.
In the embodiment of the present invention, time threshold TmIt is set as 10 minutes, change rate threshold value VmBe set as 10%, i.e., if
The change rate V of multicast members' density p is more than 10% in 10 minutes, then it is assumed that and member's density p of the multicast group changes greatly, into
Enter step S5, otherwise enters step S6.
S5, carried out data transmission in multicast channel by the discovery method based on core.
As shown in Fig. 2, step S5 includes following S51~S53 step by step:
S51, core router is specified for multicast group, and obtains its IP unicast address.
S52, using core router as root node, create the forwarding tree of multicast group.
S53, when any one router in forwarding tree sends datagram to core router, pass through core router
Each intermediate router between the router handles datagram, specific processing method are as follows:
If the datagram sent is multi-case data report, and its destination address is the group address of multicast group, then passes through intermediate road
From device, each member into multicast group forwards the datagram；If the datagram sent is the data that the multicast group is added in request
Report then the datagram is added in the routing of intermediate router, and forwards each multicast to the router for issuing the datagram
One copy of datagram.
For example, if there is a router R1 sends datagram to core router, then it on the way pass through it is each
A intermediate router will check its content and handle datagram.If router R2 is an intermediate router, if
What R1 was issued is a multi-case data report, and destination address is the group address of multicast group, and R2 just forwards this to the member of multicast group
A multi-case data report；As soon as R2 adds this information if the datagram that R1 is issued is the datagram that multicast group is added in a request
Into its routing, and forward to R1 a copy of each multi-case data report.In this way, identifying oneself with the router of multicast group just
It is increased outward from core, expands the coverage area of multitransmission tree.Therefore, the discovery method based on core is suitable for multicast
The case where group membership changes in the larger context.
S6, judge whether multicast members' density p is greater than member's density threshold ρmIf then entering step S7, otherwise into
Enter step S8.
In the embodiment of the present invention, member's density threshold ρmIt is set as 104A/km2If i.e. multicast members' density p is more than
104A/km2, then it is assumed that multicast members enter step S7 than comparatively dense, otherwise it is assumed that multicast members are more dispersed, enter
Step S8.
S7, in multicast channel by flooding carry out data transmission with the method for wiping out.
The case where method is concentrated very much suitable for the distribution of multicast members is flooded and wipes out, such as multicast members exist
Within one mechanism.Its core is the strategy of reverse path broadcast RPB (Reverse Path Broadcasting), i.e., often
One router gives the correct time receiving a multi-case data, first checks what whether datagram was come from source point through shortest path transmission.It
So being called reverse path, because being source point as terminal when calculating shortest path.
As shown in figure 3, step S7 includes following S71~S78 step by step:
S71, core router is specified for multicast group, and obtains its IP unicast address.
S72, using core router as root node, create the forwarding tree of multicast group.
S73, judge whether the downstream branch of each router on forwarding tree has the member of the multicast group, if then entering
Step S74, otherwise enters step S75.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the downstream branch of some router is the multicast members in its leaf node direction.
S74, retain the router and downstream branch, and enter step S76.
S75, tree shears remove by the router and downstream, and enter step S76.
S76, give the correct time when each of forwarding tree router receives a multi-case data, judge its whether from source point through most
Short path sends over, if then entering step S77, otherwise enters step S78.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the specific method whether multi-case data report sends over from source point through shortest path is judged
Are as follows: it gives the correct time when a router receives a multi-case data, from first on the shortest path that this router searches out source point
Router judges whether it is exactly the router that multi-case data report is sended over just now, if then illustrate multi-case data report from
Source point is sended over through shortest path, otherwise illustrates that multi-case data report is not sended over from source point through shortest path.
It should be strongly noted that if the shortest path that a router has several neighboring routers to be at source point
On diameter (shortest path that there is several same length), then a shortest path can only be selected, the criterion of selection is exactly to see
Whose IP address of neighboring router in this several shortest paths is minimum.
S77, the multi-case data report received to every other direction forwarding (except approach axis).
S78, the multi-case data report is abandoned.
S8, carried out data transmission in multicast channel by tunnel approach.
The case where position that tunnel approach is suitable for multicast members geographically disperses very much, as shown in figure 4, step S8 packet
Include following S81~S83 step by step:
S81, datagram transmitting terminal router to multi-case data report addition general data report stem, sealed again
Dress obtains the unicast data report sent to single goal station.
S82, the router that unicast data report is sent to datagram receiving end by tunnel.
S83, the router in datagram receiving end peel off the stem of unicast data report, it is made to revert to original multicast number
According to report, continue to forward to other points of destination.
For example, as shown in figure 5, net A and net B support multicast, but the network between router R1 and R2 do not support it is more
It broadcasts, thus R1 and R2 cannot forward datagram by multicast address.For this purpose, router R1 needs to seal multi-case data report again
Dress, i.e., add general data report stem again, makes the unicast data report sent to single goal station, encapsulation process such as Fig. 6
It is shown, R2 is then sent to from router R1 by " tunnel ".Unicast data is registered up to after router R2, then is shelled by router R2
Its stem is gone, it is made to revert to original multi-case data report again, continues to forward to other multiple points of destination.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the embodiments described herein, which is to help reader, understands this hair
Bright principle, it should be understood that protection scope of the present invention is not limited to such specific embodiments and embodiments.This field
Those of ordinary skill disclosed the technical disclosures can make according to the present invention and various not depart from the other each of essence of the invention
The specific variations and combinations of kind, these variations and combinations are still within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of adaptive QoS routing selection method, which comprises the following steps:
S1, Real-time Transport Protocol is run under the multicasting mode of server end, and send stream medium data to by multicast address mark
Multicast channel；
S2, using the user for issuing Measurement Request business each in multicast range as a multicast members, statistics obtains multicast
The quantity N of group membership；
S3, by multicast members' quantity N divided by the area of multicast range, obtain multicast members' density p；
S4, judge in time threshold TmWhether the change rate V of interior multicast members' density p is greater than change rate threshold value VmIf then into
Enter step S5, otherwise enters step S6；
S5, carried out data transmission in multicast channel by the discovery method based on core；
S6, judge whether multicast members' density p is greater than member's density threshold ρmIf then entering step S7, otherwise enter step
S8；
S7, in multicast channel by flooding carry out data transmission with the method for wiping out；
S8, carried out data transmission in multicast channel by tunnel approach.
2. adaptive QoS routing selection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S5 includes following
Step by step:
S51, core router is specified for multicast group, and obtains its IP unicast address；
S52, using core router as root node, create the forwarding tree of multicast group；
S53, when any one router in forwarding tree sends datagram to core router, pass through core router with should
Each intermediate router between router handles datagram.
3. adaptive QoS routing selection method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that intermediate in the step S53
Router handles datagram method particularly includes:
If the datagram sent is multi-case data report, and its destination address is the group address of multicast group, then passes through intermediate router
Each member into multicast group forwards the datagram；
If the datagram sent is the datagram that the multicast group is added in request, which is added to the routing of intermediate router
In, and a copy of each multi-case data report is forwarded to the router for issuing the datagram.
4. adaptive QoS routing selection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S7 includes following
Step by step:
S71, core router is specified for multicast group, and obtains its IP unicast address；
S72, using core router as root node, create the forwarding tree of multicast group；
S73, judge whether the downstream branch of each router on forwarding tree has the member of the multicast group, if then entering step
Otherwise S74 enters step S75；
S74, retain the router and downstream branch, and enter step S76；
S75, tree shears remove by the router and downstream, and enter step S76；
S76, give the correct time when each of forwarding tree router receives a multi-case data, judge its whether from source point through shortest path
Diameter sends over, if then entering step S77, otherwise enters step S78；
S77, the multi-case data report received to every other direction forwarding；
S78, the multi-case data report is abandoned.
5. adaptive QoS routing selection method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step S8 includes following
Step by step:
S81, datagram transmitting terminal router to multi-case data report addition general data report stem, encapsulated again,
Obtain the unicast data report sent to single goal station；
S82, the router that unicast data report is sent to datagram receiving end by tunnel；
S83, the router in datagram receiving end peel off the stem of unicast data report, it is made to revert to original multi-case data
Report continues to forward to other points of destination.
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