CN109638923A - Mixed mode battery equalizing circuit - Google Patents
Mixed mode battery equalizing circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN109638923A CN109638923A CN201910042255.7A CN201910042255A CN109638923A CN 109638923 A CN109638923 A CN 109638923A CN 201910042255 A CN201910042255 A CN 201910042255A CN 109638923 A CN109638923 A CN 109638923A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed mode battery equalizing circuits, belong to power electronics field.It include n inductance, 2n switching tube, 3n-1 two-way switch when series connection accumulation amount of monomer is n.The circuit has " intelligence " monomer and active equalization both of which.Under " intelligence " monomer mode, each monomer and the combination of BuckBoost converter are connected again, by convertor controls monomer charge-discharge electric power, and then reach balanced, can also direct-connected or bypass monomer under the mode.Under active equalization mode, a part of switching tube and two-way switch are constantly on, other switching tubes and two-way switch can control inductance and be in one of open circuit, short circuit, three kinds of states of access, the group and other monomers adjacent thereto or group for constituting monomer or adjacent monomer, and BuckBoost converter is constituted in access state inductance, realize the transmitting of balanced energy.The equalizing circuit can realize more flexible, diversified equalization function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed mode battery equalizing circuits, belong to power electronics field.
Background technique
The series connection accumulation group constituted with the energy storage monomer such as various batteries or supercapacitor is in electric car, generation of electricity by new energy
Equal fields are widely used.Since there are inevitable differences between energy storage monomer, during being used in series, easily there is some
Or certain monomers overcharge or over-discharge, if not carrying out balancing energy to energy storage group, will lead to actual capacity decline, service life
The problems such as reduction, therefore the balancing energy between storage bodies is always one of the key technology of series connection accumulation practical application.
It is most commonly seen for transmitting the active equalization method of energy between series connection accumulation body using converter.In active equalization
In method, the overwhelming majority is all to transmit energy between monomer using inductance or coupling inductance as intermediate energy storage link, specifically may be used
To be divided into following several basic modes: first is that flying over inductively, the positive and negative electrode of inductance both ends and each monomer passes through two-way
Switch is connected, monomer each in this way can by with inductance positive energy exchange, reach carried out between any monomer it is directly balanced
Purpose, this method need a large amount of two-way switch, are easy to appear biggish due to voltage spikes；Second is that the converter side BuckBoost
Formula forms BuckBoost converter, it can be achieved that between adjacent monomer with two adjacent monomers, two switching tubes and an inductance
BuckBoost converter is arranged between every two adjacent monomer, passes through successively biography of the energy between adjacent monomer for balancing energy
The balancing energy, it can be achieved that whole group is passed, this method control is simple, but non-conterminous monomer cannot directly carry out balancing energy, therefore
Balancing speed is slower；Third is that flyback converter mode, the primary side winding of multi output winding transformer is connected through two-way switch and is gone here and there
Federal Reserve energy group, each vice-side winding connect each monomer through two-way switch respectively, although cannot directly carry out energy transmission between each monomer,
But voltage can be made to transmit energy to whole group compared with high monomer, and the lower monomer of voltage can obtain energy from whole group, due to entirely going here and there
Federal Reserve can be organized as middle transition link, therefore equalization efficiency is not high.Based on above-mentioned three kinds of modes, there has been proposed very much
Equalization methods, but still there are some common problems, first is that the cost paid is larger, switching tube and its driving quantity increase,
Cause structure and control complicated；Second is that equilibrium path is inflexible, substantially it is also limited between monomer or between monomer and whole group
Energy transmission.
In recent years, there is a kind of new balanced thinking, that is, directly control the charge-discharge electric power of each storage bodies, rather than
Required equal power is transmitted between energy different monomers.Concatenated energy storage monomer charging and discharging currents be it is identical, be difficult to control
Output power, therefore a two-way DC converter and an energy storage monomer are combined, so that energy storage monomer is become an institute
" intelligence " monomer of meaning, by original energy storage, monomer series-connected to become " intelligence " monomer series-connected.Although concatenated " intelligence " monomer fills
Discharge current is identical, but the electric current of energy storage monomer can be different, thus can control the charge-discharge electric power of each storage bodies.By
It directly combines, is not limited by storage bodies quantity with energy storage monomer in two-way DC converter, use is more flexible, and is equivalent to
All energy storage monomers all directly participate in equilibrium, and balancing speed is faster.The major defect of such method is that two-way DC converter needs
The charge-discharge electric power of storage bodies whole is handled, and converter only handles the seldom equal power of accounting i.e. in active equalization mode
It can.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of mixed mode battery equalizing circuits, have had both active equalization mode and " intelligence " loose pattern
The advantages of formula, balanced way is flexible and changeable, balancing speed is fast, overcome existing active equalization circuit paths it is not flexible, " intelligence "
The high-power disadvantage of monomeric fashion DC converter.
Mixed mode battery equalizing circuit of the present invention is suitable for various types battery and supercapacitor.
Series connection accumulation multi-mode equalizing circuit of the present invention based on BuckBoost transformation, for n series connection accumulation
Monomer B1、B2……Bn, by n inductance L1、L2……Ln, 2n switching tube S1a、S1b……Sna、Snb, 3n-1 two-way switch
Q1a、Q1b、Q2a、Q2b、Q2c……Qna、Qnb、QncComposition；With B2It for monomer, is specifically connected as, S2aDrain electrode and S3bSource electrode
It is connected, S2aSource electrode and S2bDrain electrode be connected, S2bSource electrode and two-way switch Q2cOne end be connected, Q2cThe other end and B2's
Cathode is connected, B2Anode with two-way switch Q2aIt is connected, Q2aThe other end and B3Cathode be connected, inductance L2With two-way switch Q2b
The branch connected and formed is connected to S2aSource electrode and B2Anode between；Except B1Monomer and BnOutside monomer, other monomers situation according to
It is secondary to analogize；For B1Monomer, S1bSource electrode directly and B1Cathode be connected, for BnMonomer, SnaDrain electrode directly and two-way opened
Close QnaOne end be connected.
Mixed mode battery equalizing circuit of the present invention has " intelligence " monomer and active equalization both of which.When
When series connection accumulation group charge-discharge electric power is larger, using active equalization mode, when series connection accumulation group charge-discharge electric power is smaller, use
" intelligence " monomer mode, BuckBoost converter only needs to handle lesser power under both of which.
In " intelligence " monomer mode, using the on-off of switching tube and two-way switch, each energy storage monomer may be at it is direct-connected,
Bypass, the controllable three kinds of states of power.So-called power controllable state refers to, passes through Sna、Snb、LnBuckBoost converter is constituted, with
Monomer BnCombination, is re-used as an entirety and connects with other monomers, i.e., controllable BnCharge-discharge electric power.Pass through control monomer
Charge-discharge electric power, i.e. power output size, can maintain the equilibrium of each monomer energy.If monomer energy is more balanced, list can be allowed
Body is in direct-connected state, if the appearance of monomer energy is unbalanced, then monomer is allowed to be in power controllable state.When certain monomers occur
It overcharges or when over-discharge danger, can also be bypassed.
In active equalization mode, S1a、S2a……SnaAnd Q1a、Q2a……QnaIt is constantly on state, QnbLocate always
In off-state, two-way switch Q is utilized1b、Q2b、Q2c、Q3b、Q3c……Qnc, control n-1 inductance L1、L2……Ln-1, make place
In one of open circuit, short circuit, three kinds of states of access state, it is used cooperatively n switching tube S1b、S2b……Snb, make monomer or phase
The group and other monomers adjacent thereto or group that adjacent monomer is constituted, and the inductance in access state are constituted
BuckBoost converter realizes the transmitting of balanced energy.It is multiple mutual when constituting as traditional BuckBoost equalizing circuit
When the BuckBoost converter not influenced, these BuckBoost converters are simultaneously operable, i.e., carry out balancing energy simultaneously.When
When monomer or the inductance at group both ends are all access state, the energy of the monomer or group can be adjacent thereto to its two sides simultaneously
Monomer or group's release.
2n switching tube S1a、S1b……Sna、SnbSwitching frequency it is identical as BuckBoost converter frequency, work in height
Frequency state, 3n-1 two-way switch Q1a、Q1b、Q2a、Q2b、Q2c……Qna、Qnb、QncOnly control the shape of corresponding monomer or inductance
State, during the work of BuckBoost converter, driving signal is constant, that is, works in low frequency state, therefore two-way switch is except can
Relay also can be used using outside MOSFET or IGBT.
Beneficial effect
The beneficial effects of the present invention are had both the advantage of two methods of " intelligence " monomer and active equalization respectively, kept away
The BuckBoost converter for having exempted from relatively high power under original " intelligence " monomer mode realizes monomer under active equalization mode
The balancing energy between group and group and group constituted with several adjacent monomers, this more flexible balanced mode
Balancing speed and equalization efficiency can be improved with balanced way.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of mixed mode battery equalizing circuit；
Fig. 2 is specific embodiment one, the schematic diagram of " intelligence " monomer mode, by taking 4 energy storage monomers as an example；
Fig. 3 is specific embodiment two, the schematic diagram of active equalization mode, by taking 4 energy storage monomers as an example；
Fig. 4 is specific embodiment three, and under active equalization mode, monomer and monomer carry out the schematic diagram of balancing energy；
Fig. 5 is specific embodiment four, and under active equalization mode, monomer and group carry out the schematic diagram of balancing energy；
Fig. 6 is specific embodiment five, under active equalization mode, while being carried out to monomer two sides adjacent monomer or group equal
The schematic diagram of weighing apparatus.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment 1:
" intelligence " monomer mode, in conjunction with Fig. 2, by taking 4 energy storage monomers as an example, by switching tube, two-way switch connection or
It disconnects, monomer may be at direct-connected, bypass, the controllable three kinds of states of power.In Fig. 2, two-way switch Q4a、Q4cIt is constantly on, B4Place
In direct-connected state；Two-way switch Q3b、Q3cIt is constantly on, switching tube S3a、S3bWith inductance L3Constitute BuckBoost converter, B3Place
In power controllable state, S can be passed through3a、S3bControl B3Charge-discharge electric power；Switching tube S2a、S2bWith two-way switch Q2cLocate always
In on state, B2In bypass condition；Two-way switch Q1aIt is constantly on state, B1In direct-connected state.
Specific embodiment 2:
Active equalization mode, in conjunction with Fig. 3, by taking 4 energy storage monomers as an example, switching tube S1a、S2a、S3a、S4aAnd two-way switch
Q1a、Q2a、Q3a、Q4aIt is constantly on state, Q4bIt is constantly in off-state, at this time switching tube S1b、S2b、S3b、S4bSuccessively go here and there
Connection.Inductance L1With two-way switch Q1b、Q2cThe part of composition connects and S1bDrain electrode and B1Positive interpolar, passes through Q1b、Q2cConnect on-off
It opens, inductance L can be made1In access, short circuit, off state, to constitute the BuckBoost converter of diversified forms.
Specific embodiment 3:
Under active equalization mode, adjacent energy storage monomer carries out balancing energy, single when with energy storage monomer being 4 in conjunction with Fig. 4
Body B1With B2Carry out balanced, monomer B3And B4Illustrate in case where progress is balanced, unmentioned switching tube and two-way switch are equal
It is in an off state.
Energy storage monomer B1、B2, switching tube S1a、S1b、S2a、S2b, inductance L1With two-way switch Q1a、Q1b、Q2a、Q3cIt constitutes
S is removed in BuckBoost converter, switching tube and two-way switch1b、S2bOutside all on state, by controlling S1b、S2bIt is logical
Break, it can be achieved that monomer B1With B2Between energy transmission, to reach balanced.Similarly, energy storage monomer B3、B4, switching tube S3a、S3b、
S4a、S4b, inductance L3With two-way switch Q3a、Q3b、Q3c、Q4aBuckBoost converter is constituted, it can be achieved that monomer B3、B4Energy it is equal
Weighing apparatus.Moreover, because above-mentioned two BuckBoost converter is independent of each other, two balancing procedures can carry out simultaneously.
Specific embodiment 4:
Under active equalization mode, energy storage monomer and adjacent group carry out balancing energy, in conjunction with Fig. 5, with energy storage monomer for 4
When, monomer B4With monomer B1、B2、B3The group of composition carry out it is balanced in case where illustrate, unmentioned switching tube and two-way
Switch is in off state.
Energy storage monomer B1、B2、B3、B4, switching tube S1a、S1b、S2a、S2b、S3a、S3b、S4a、S4b, inductance L3And two-way switch
Q4a、Q3bBuckBoost converter is constituted, removes S in switching tube and two-way switch1b、S2b、S3b、S4bOutside all on state, lead to
Cross control S1bAnd S2b、S3b、S4bOn-off, realize monomer B4With monomer B1、B2、B3The balancing energy of the energy storage group of composition.
Specific embodiment 5:
Under active equalization mode, while equilibrium is carried out to monomer two sides adjacent monomer or group, in conjunction with Fig. 6, with energy storage list
When body is 4, monomer B3Simultaneously to the monomer B of its two sides4With by B1、B2The group of composition carries out in case where equilibrium
Bright, unmentioned switching tube and two-way switch are in off state.
Energy storage monomer B1、B2、B3、B4, switching tube S1a、S1b、S2a、S2b、S3a、S3b、S4a、S4b, inductance L2、L3And two-way opened
Close Q1a、Q2a、Q2b、Q3a、Q3b、Q4aThe combining form of two similar BuckBoost converters is constituted, in switching tube and two-way switch
Except S1b、S2b、S3b、S4bOutside all on state.Work as S3bConducting, S1b、S2b、S4bWhen shutdown, B3To inductance L2、L3It is stored up
Can, work as S3bShutdown, S1b、S2b、S4bWhen conducting, L2Energy pass through S1b、S2bIt passes to by B1、B2The group of composition, L3Energy
Pass through S4bIt passes to by B4, realize while to the balancing energy of monomer two sides adjacent monomer or group.
Claims (10)
1. mixed mode battery equalizing circuit, which is characterized in that for n series connection accumulation monomer B1、B2……Bn, by n electricity
Feel L1、L2……Ln, 2n switching tube S1a、S1b……Sna、Snb, 3n-1 two-way switch Q1a、Q1b、Q2a、Q2b、Q2c……Qna、
Qnb、QncComposition；With B2It for monomer, is specifically connected as, S2aDrain electrode and S3bSource electrode be connected, S2aSource electrode and S2bDrain electrode
It is connected, S2bSource electrode and two-way switch Q2cOne end be connected, Q2cThe other end and B2Cathode be connected, B2Anode and two-way opened
Close Q2aIt is connected, Q2aThe other end and B3Cathode be connected, inductance L2With two-way switch Q2bThe branch connected and formed is connected to S2a
Source electrode and B2Anode between；Except B1Monomer and BnOutside monomer, other monomers situation and so on；For B1Monomer, S1bSource
Extremely directly and B1Cathode be connected, for BnMonomer, SnaDrain electrode directly with two-way switch QnaOne end be connected.
2. mixed mode battery equalizing circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that series connection accumulation monomer is various types of
Type battery or supercapacitor.
3. mixed mode battery equalizing circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two-way switch is by using identical drive
2 common source switching tubes of dynamic signal are constituted, and switching tube uses MOSFET or IGBT.
4. mixed mode battery equalizing circuit according to claim 1, which is characterized in that two-way switch can be relay
Device.
5. the method for realizing series connection accumulation balancing energy based on equalizing circuit described in claim 1, which is characterized in that there is " intelligence
Energy " monomer and active equalization both of which；In " intelligence " monomer mode, using switching tube and two-way switch, each energy storage monomer
It may be at direct-connected, bypass, the controllable three kinds of states of power, under power controllable state, by BxCorresponding Sxa、Sxb、LxIt constitutes
BuckBoost converter, x=1,2 ... n keep each monomer balancing energy by controlling the charge-discharge electric power of monomer；Having
In the balanced mode of source, S1a、S2a……SnaAnd Q1a、Q2a……QnaIt is constantly on state, QnbIt is constantly in off-state, benefit
With two-way switch Q1b、Q2b、Q2c、Q3b、Q3c……Qnc, control n-1 inductance L1、L2……Ln-1, be allowed in open circuit, short circuit,
One of three kinds of states state is accessed, n switching tube S is used cooperatively1b、S2b……Snb, constitute monomer or adjacent monomer
Group and other monomers adjacent thereto or group, and the inductance in access state constitute BuckBoost converter, realize
The transmitting of balanced energy.
6. series connection accumulation balancing energy method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that when series connection accumulation group charge and discharge electric work
When rate is larger, using active equalization mode, when series connection accumulation group charge-discharge electric power is smaller, use " intelligence " monomer mode, two
BuckBoost converter only needs to handle lesser power under kind mode.
7. series connection accumulation balancing energy method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in " intelligence " monomer mode,
If monomer energy is more balanced, monomer can be allowed to be in direct-connected state, if monomer energy occurs unbalanced, then allowed at monomer
In power controllable state.
8. series connection accumulation balancing energy method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in active equalization mode, when
When constituting multiple BuckBoost converters being independent of each other, these BuckBoost converters are simultaneously operable.
9. series connection accumulation balancing energy method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that in active equalization mode, when
When monomer or the inductance at group both ends are all access state, the energy of the monomer or group can be adjacent thereto to its two sides simultaneously
Monomer or group's release.
10. series connection accumulation balancing energy method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that 2n switching tube S1a、S1b……
Sna、SnbSwitching frequency it is identical as BuckBoost converter frequency, work in high frequency state, 3n-1 two-way switch Q1a、Q1b、
Q2a、Q2b、Q2c……Qna、Qnb、QncThe state for only controlling corresponding monomer or inductance, during the work of BuckBoost converter,
Its driving signal is constant, that is, works in low frequency state.
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| CN112039167A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-04 | 常州大学 | Multi-mode series-parallel conversion circuit |
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