CN109637550B - Method and system for controlling elevation angle of sound source - Google Patents
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Abstract
The application provides a sound source altitude angle control method and system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the HRTF database along with the change of the altitude angle; obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating a correlation coefficient; obtaining at least one filter bank by calculating at least one central frequency, then convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different altitude angles, and modeling to obtain a sub-band energy model; and inputting the sound source with the given altitude angle into the sub-band energy model, calculating the sub-band energy ratio of the target altitude angle signal to the given altitude angle signal, and then adjusting the sub-band energy of the sound source with the given altitude angle to enable the sound source perception angle to be the target altitude angle. According to the invention, the division of the sound source frequency band is more in accordance with the characteristic that the HRTF frequency spectrum changes along with the altitude angle, so that the frequency band with high altitude angle correlation has higher frequency resolution, and a better sound source altitude angle control effect is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional audio, in particular to a method and a system for controlling a height angle of a sound source.
Background
The elevation angle control method for replaying a sound source in the three-dimensional audio technology mainly modifies the frequency spectrum of the sound source, so that the human auditory system can sense the change of the elevation angle of the sound source.
Since a Head Related Transfer Function (HRTF) represents a process of a sound wave from a sound source to an eardrum of a human ear through physiological structures such as a Head, an auricle, a trunk and the like, a conventional altitude control method generally modifies a signal spectrum by convolving the sound signal with HRTFs of different altitude angles, thereby controlling the altitude of the sound source. However, the structure of the HRTF is complex, and it is difficult to meet the real-time requirement of a three-dimensional audio playback system, so a more simplified method is to modify the band energy of a sound source to achieve the control of the elevation angle. The principle is that according to the characteristic that the human auditory system is insensitive to the frequency spectrum details of the sound signal, an auditory filter bank (such as a Mel filter) is utilized to filter the sound signal to obtain the total energy of each frequency band, and the control of the sound source height angle is realized by adjusting the energy of the corresponding frequency band. However, the method based on the auditory filter is not perfect for dividing the frequency band, for example, the mel filter is designed according to the pitch characteristics, the frequency resolution thereof is reduced along with the increase of the frequency, and the study on the HRTF shows that the characteristic of the signal spectrum changing along with the height angle is different from the frequency and is not consistent with the characteristic of the auditory filter such as the mel filter.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method and a system for controlling elevation angle of a sound source.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the present application provides a method for controlling an elevation angle of a sound source, including: calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the head related transfer function HRTF database along with the change of the altitude angle; obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient; obtaining at least one filter bank by calculating the at least one central frequency, then convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different altitude angles, and modeling to obtain a sub-band energy model; and inputting the sound source with a given altitude angle into the sub-band energy model, calculating the sub-band energy ratio of the target altitude angle signal to the given altitude angle signal, and then adjusting the sub-band energy of the sound source with the given altitude angle to enable the sound source perception angle to be the target altitude angle.
In another possible implementation, the calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the HRTF database varying with the altitude angle includes: calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point along with the change of the altitude angle by utilizing Fisher distribution, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,representing the spectral amplitude value, μ, of the HRTF at elevation angle i of the jth subject in the HRTF databaseiRepresents the mean of all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values at altitude i, μ represents the mean of all altitude and all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values, N represents the total number of samples for altitude, and M represents the total number of samples for subject.
In another possible implementation, the obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient specifically includes: converting the correlation coefficient from a frequency domain to an auditory perception domain to obtain the correlation coefficient of the perception domain; fitting the correlation coefficients of the perception domains into a continuous curve, then integrating to obtain an integral value, and equally dividing the continuous curve into at least two regions; and acquiring boundary points of each region and the region boundary, and converting the at least one boundary point into a frequency domain to obtain at least one center frequency.
In another possible implementation, the method for converting the correlation coefficient from the frequency domain to the auditory perception domain to obtain the correlation coefficient of the perception domain is as follows:
wherein f represents the frequency value corresponding to the correlation coefficient, ERBNNumber represents the number of the auditory perception domain to which this frequency corresponds.
In another possible implementation, the method for converting the at least one intersection point onto the frequency domain is: and carrying out ERB inverse operation on the at least one boundary point to obtain at least one corresponding center frequency.
In another possible implementation, the at least one center frequency is calculated to obtain at least one filter bank, where the filter bank is generated by:
wherein f iscThe center frequency of each sub-filter is represented,indicating the initial phase and b the sub-filter bandwidth.
In another possible implementation, the convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different elevation angles and modeling to obtain a subband energy model specifically includes:
the modeling adopts a polynomial regression mode to carry out modeling, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,n,}
wherein A isn={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,nExpressed as coefficients of respective polynomials for the nth frequency band, K is expressed as an order of polynomial modeling, AnEach term coefficient represented can be obtained by the minimum mean square error of the modeling result and the band energy of the actual HRTF.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a sound source elevation angle control system, comprising: the generating unit is used for calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the head related transfer function HRTF database along with the change of the altitude angle; and obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient; obtaining at least one filter bank by calculating the at least one central frequency, then convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different altitude angles, and modeling to obtain a sub-band energy model; and the processing unit is used for inputting the sound source with a given altitude angle into the sub-band energy model, calculating the sub-band energy ratio of the target altitude angle signal to the given altitude angle signal, and then adjusting the sub-band energy of the sound source with the given altitude angle to enable the sound source perception angle to be the target altitude angle.
In another possible implementation, the generating unit is specifically configured to: calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point along with the change of the altitude angle by utilizing Fisher distribution, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,representing the spectral amplitude value, μ, of the HRTF at elevation angle i of the jth subject in the HRTF databaseiRepresents the mean of all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values at altitude i, μ represents the mean of all altitude and all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values, N represents the total number of samples for altitude, and M represents the total number of samples for subject.
In another possible implementation, the modeling manner is specifically: the modeling adopts a polynomial regression mode to carry out modeling, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,n,}
wherein A isn={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,nExpressed as coefficients of respective polynomials for the nth frequency band, K is expressed as an order of polynomial modeling, AnEach term coefficient represented can be obtained by the minimum mean square error of the modeling result and the band energy of the actual HRTF.
The invention provides a sound source altitude angle control method, which enables a frequency band with high altitude angle correlation to have higher frequency resolution and realizes better sound source altitude angle control effect by enabling the division of a sound source frequency band to better conform to the characteristic that an HRTF frequency spectrum changes along with the altitude angle.
Drawings
The drawings that accompany the detailed description can be briefly described as follows.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a sound source elevation angle control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating a center frequency of a subband filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a block diagram of a sound source elevation angle control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of explaining the present application and are not to be construed as limiting the present application.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a sound source elevation angle control method according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The sound source altitude control method shown in fig. 1 specifically includes the following steps:
step S102, calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the head related transfer function HRTF database along with the change of the altitude angle.
Specifically, calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point changing along with the altitude angle in the HRTF database, and calculating the correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point changing along with the altitude angle by using Fisher distribution, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,representing the spectral amplitude value, μ, of the HRTF at elevation angle i of the jth subject in the HRTF databaseiRepresents the mean of all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values at altitude i, μ represents the mean of all altitude and all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values, N represents the total number of samples for altitude, and M represents the total number of samples for subject.
Step S104, at least one center frequency is obtained by calculating the correlation coefficient.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for generating a center frequency of a subband filter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 2, in an embodiment, the method for generating the center frequency of the subband filter includes the following specific steps:
step S202, converting the relation number from the frequency domain to the auditory perception domain to obtain the correlation coefficient of the perception domain.
Specifically, the correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point generated in step S102, which varies with the altitude angle, is converted from the frequency domain to the auditory perception domain, so as to obtain the correlation coefficient of the perception domain. The method for converting the frequency domain correlation coefficient into the perceptual domain correlation coefficient is as follows:
wherein f represents the frequency value corresponding to the correlation coefficient, ERBNNumber represents the number of the auditory perception domain to which this frequency corresponds.
Step S204, the correlation coefficients of the perception domain are fitted into a continuous curve, integration is carried out to obtain an integral value, and the continuous curve is equally divided into at least two areas.
Specifically, the correlation coefficients of the sensing domain are fitted into a continuous curve, the integral value of the continuous curve is obtained by means of numerical integration, the continuous curve fitted into the sensing domain is divided into a plurality of regions, and the regions are equally divided.
Preferably, the present invention divides the curve into 25 regions, although equally dividing into other numbers of regions is also possible.
Step S206, obtaining the boundary point of each region and the boundary of the regions, and converting at least one boundary point to a frequency domain to obtain at least one center frequency.
Specifically, 24 boundary points among the 25 equally divided regions are obtained, and then the 24 boundary points are subjected to ERB inverse operation to obtain corresponding 24 frequency values, namely, the center frequency.
Step S106, at least one filter bank is obtained by calculating at least one central frequency, and then at least one filter bank is convoluted with the HRTFs with different altitude angles and modeled to obtain a sub-band energy model.
Preferably, the filter selected by the present application is a Gamma tone filter.
Specifically, the 24 frequency values obtained in step S206 are processed by a Gamma tone filter, so as to obtain a filter bank of 24 channels. The method for generating the filter bank comprises the following steps:
wherein f iscThe center frequency of each sub-filter is represented,indicating the initial phase and b the sub-filter bandwidth.
Convolving the filter banks of the 24 channels with the HRTFs of different elevation angles to obtain the energy of 24 sub-bands corresponding to the different elevation angles; and finally, modeling the energy of 24 sub-bands in a polynomial regression mode to obtain a sub-band energy model. The modeling expression mode of the polynomial is as follows:
An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,n,}
wherein A isn={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,nExpressed as coefficients of respective polynomials for the nth frequency band, K is expressed as an order of polynomial modeling, AnEach term coefficient represented can be obtained by the minimum mean square error of the modeling result and the band energy of the actual HRTF.
Step S108, inputting the sound source with the given altitude angle into the sub-band energy model, calculating the sub-band energy ratio of the target altitude angle signal and the given altitude angle signal, and then enabling the sound source perception angle to be the target altitude angle by adjusting the sub-band energy of the sound source with the given altitude angle.
Specifically, for a sound source with a given known elevation angle, the sound source is input into a sub-band energy model, the ratio of the sub-band energy of a target elevation angle signal and the sub-band energy of the known elevation angle signal is calculated, and then the frequency spectrum energy of the known sound source is adjusted to enable the perception angle of the sound source to be the target elevation angle.
According to the invention, the division of the sound source frequency band is more in accordance with the characteristic that the HRTF frequency spectrum changes along with the altitude angle, so that the frequency band with high altitude angle correlation has higher frequency resolution, and a better sound source altitude angle control effect is realized.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a sound source elevation angle control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 3, the sound source altitude control system includes: a generating unit 301 and a processing unit 302.
The generating unit is used for calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the head related transfer function HRTF database along with the change of the altitude angle; and obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient; and obtaining at least one filter bank by calculating at least one central frequency, then convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different altitude angles, and modeling to obtain a sub-band energy model.
In one implementation, calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point along with the change of the altitude angle in the HRTF database, and calculating the correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point along with the change of the altitude angle by using Fisher distribution, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,representing the spectral amplitude value, μ, of the HRTF at elevation angle i of the jth subject in the HRTF databaseiRepresents the mean of all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values at altitude i, μ represents the mean of all altitude and all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values, N represents the total number of samples for altitude, and M represents the total number of samples for subject.
In one embodiment, firstly, the correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point changing with the altitude angle is converted from the frequency domain to the auditory perception domain, and the correlation coefficient of the perception domain is obtained. The method for converting the frequency domain correlation coefficient into the perceptual domain correlation coefficient is as follows:
wherein f represents the frequency value corresponding to the correlation coefficient, ERBNNumber represents the number of the auditory perception domain to which this frequency corresponds.
Then, the correlation coefficients of the perception domain are fitted into a continuous curve, the integral value of the perception domain is obtained in a numerical integration mode, the perception domain is fitted into the continuous curve to be divided into 25 regions, 24 boundary points among the 25 equally divided regions are obtained, and then the 24 boundary points are subjected to ERB inverse operation to obtain corresponding 24 frequency values, namely the central frequency.
And then, processing the obtained 24 frequency values through a Gamma tone filter to obtain a filter bank with 24 channels. The method for generating the filter bank comprises the following steps:
wherein f iscThe center frequency of each sub-filter is represented,indicating the initial phase and b the sub-filter bandwidth.
And finally, convolving the filter banks of the 24 channels with the HRTFs of different altitude angles to obtain the energy of 24 sub-bands corresponding to the different altitude angles, and modeling the energy of the 24 sub-bands in a polynomial regression mode to obtain a sub-band energy model. The modeling expression mode of the polynomial is as follows:
An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,n,}
wherein A isn={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,nExpressed as coefficients of respective polynomials for the nth frequency band, K is expressed as an order of polynomial modeling, AnEach term coefficient represented can be obtained by the minimum mean square error of the modeling result and the band energy of the actual HRTF.
And the processing unit is used for inputting the sound source with the given altitude angle into the sub-band energy model, calculating the sub-band energy ratio of the target altitude angle signal to the given altitude angle signal, and then enabling the sound source perception angle to be the target altitude angle by adjusting the sub-band energy of the sound source with the given altitude angle.
The method comprises the steps of inputting a sound source with a given known elevation angle into a sub-band energy model, calculating the ratio of sub-band energy of a target elevation angle signal to sub-band energy of the known elevation angle signal, and adjusting the frequency spectrum energy of the known sound source to enable the sensing angle to be the target elevation angle.
According to the invention, the division of the sound source frequency band is more in accordance with the characteristic that the HRTF frequency spectrum changes along with the altitude angle, so that the frequency band with high altitude angle correlation has higher frequency resolution, and a better sound source altitude angle control effect is realized.
Finally, the description is as follows: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, but not to limit the same; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. A sound source elevation angle control method, comprising:
calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the head related transfer function HRTF database along with the change of the altitude angle;
obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient;
obtaining at least one filter bank by calculating the at least one central frequency, then convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different altitude angles, and modeling to obtain a sub-band energy model;
and inputting the sound source with a given altitude angle into the sub-band energy model, calculating the sub-band energy ratio of the target altitude angle signal to the given altitude angle signal, and then adjusting the sub-band energy of the sound source with the given altitude angle to enable the sound source perception angle to be the target altitude angle.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculating of the correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the HRTF database with the change of the altitude angle comprises: calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point along with the change of the altitude angle by utilizing Fisher distribution, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,representing the spectral amplitude value, μ, of the HRTF at elevation angle i of the jth subject in the HRTF databaseiRepresents the mean of all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values at altitude i, μ represents the mean of all altitude and all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values, N represents the total number of samples for altitude, and M represents the total number of samples for subject.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient specifically comprises:
converting the correlation coefficient from a frequency domain to an auditory perception domain to obtain the correlation coefficient of the perception domain;
fitting the correlation coefficients of the perception domains into a continuous curve, then integrating to obtain an integral value, and equally dividing the continuous curve into at least two regions;
and acquiring boundary points of each region and the region boundary, and converting the at least one boundary point into a frequency domain to obtain at least one center frequency.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the method for converting the correlation coefficient from the frequency domain to the auditory perception domain to obtain the correlation coefficient of the perception domain comprises:
wherein f represents the frequency value corresponding to the correlation coefficient, ERBNNumber represents the number of the auditory perception domain to which this frequency corresponds.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the method for transforming the at least one intersection point into the frequency domain comprises: and performing ERB inverse operation on the at least one junction point through an equivalent rectangular bandwidth to obtain at least one corresponding center frequency.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein said calculating the at least one center frequency results in at least one filter bank, and wherein the filter bank is generated by:
7. The method of claim 1, wherein convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different elevation angles and modeling the at least one filter bank to obtain a subband energy model specifically comprises:
the modeling adopts a polynomial regression mode to carry out modeling, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,n,}
where θ represents the elevation angle of the HRTF, An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,nExpressed as coefficients of respective polynomials for the nth frequency band, K is expressed as an order of polynomial modeling, AnEach term coefficient represented can be obtained by the minimum mean square error of the modeling result and the band energy of the actual HRTF.
8. A sound source elevation angle control system comprising a generating unit and a processing unit, characterized by comprising:
the generating unit is used for calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point in the head related transfer function HRTF database along with the change of the altitude angle; and
obtaining at least one center frequency by calculating the correlation coefficient; and
obtaining at least one filter bank by calculating the at least one central frequency, then convolving the at least one filter bank with HRTFs of different altitude angles, and modeling to obtain a sub-band energy model;
and the processing unit is used for inputting the sound source with a given altitude angle into the sub-band energy model, calculating the sub-band energy ratio of the target altitude angle signal to the given altitude angle signal, and then adjusting the sub-band energy of the sound source with the given altitude angle to enable the sound source perception angle to be the target altitude angle.
9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the generating unit is specifically configured to: calculating a correlation coefficient of the amplitude value of each frequency point along with the change of the altitude angle by utilizing Fisher distribution, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein,representing the spectral amplitude value, μ, of the HRTF at elevation angle i of the jth subject in the HRTF databaseiRepresents the mean of all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values at altitude i, μ represents the mean of all altitude and all subject HRTF spectral amplitude values, N represents the total number of samples for altitude, and M represents the total number of samples for subject.
10. The system according to claim 8, wherein the modeling approach is specifically:
the modeling adopts a polynomial regression mode to carry out modeling, and the specific method comprises the following steps:
An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,n,}
where θ represents the elevation angle of the HRTF, An={a0,n,a1,n,…,aK,nExpressed as coefficients of respective polynomials for the nth frequency band, K is expressed as an order of polynomial modeling, AnEach term coefficient represented can be obtained by the minimum mean square error of the modeling result and the band energy of the actual HRTF.
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