CN109634812B - Process CPU occupancy rate control method of Linux system, terminal device and storage medium - Google Patents

Process CPU occupancy rate control method of Linux system, terminal device and storage medium Download PDF

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CN109634812B
CN109634812B CN201811507837.XA CN201811507837A CN109634812B CN 109634812 B CN109634812 B CN 109634812B CN 201811507837 A CN201811507837 A CN 201811507837A CN 109634812 B CN109634812 B CN 109634812B
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潘宵
陈奋
孙晓波
龚利军
陈荣有
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Xiamen Fuyun Information Technology Co ltd
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
    • G06F11/30—Monitoring
    • G06F11/3003—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored
    • G06F11/3024—Monitoring arrangements specially adapted to the computing system or computing system component being monitored where the computing system component is a central processing unit [CPU]
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    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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    • G06F9/00—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units
    • G06F9/06—Arrangements for program control, e.g. control units using stored programs, i.e. using an internal store of processing equipment to receive or retain programs
    • G06F9/46—Multiprogramming arrangements
    • G06F9/50—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU]
    • G06F9/5005—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request
    • G06F9/5027—Allocation of resources, e.g. of the central processing unit [CPU] to service a request the resource being a machine, e.g. CPUs, Servers, Terminals

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for controlling the occupancy rate of a process CPU of a Linux system, a terminal device and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: s1: initially setting a running time proportion workgram of a process to be monitored as a CPU occupancy rate pcpu as a limit threshold limit, and setting a control period dt; s2: starting from the 2 nd control moment, calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored; s3: calculating the operation time ratio workinggrate of the current control moment according to the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the current control moment; s4: calculating the expected running time twork and the expected pause time tsleep of the current control moment; s5: and controlling the Twork time of the process to be monitored in the next control period through linux signals SIGCONT and SIGTOP signals according to the expected running time Twork and the expected pause time tsleep of the current control time, and pausing the tsleep time. The invention can be completely realized in a user mode environment without the support of a kernel module, thereby greatly improving the compatibility of the application environment.

Description

Process CPU occupancy rate control method of Linux system, terminal device and storage medium
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of computer systems, in particular to a method for controlling the process CPU occupancy rate of a Linux system, a terminal device and a storage medium.
Background
The CPU computing resource is the most important resource component of the modern computer system, and plays an important role in ensuring the normal, stable and efficient operation of the whole computer system. Modern operating system CPU resources are usually managed by a scheduling algorithm, and in Linux for example, fairness is an important principle in ordinary process scheduling. Linux is the most representative modern operating system, and basically, two ideas are used for realizing fair scheduling:
1. processes in the executable state are assigned time slices (by priority) and processes that run out of time slices are placed in an "expired queue". And after the process of the executable state is expired, the time slices are redistributed.
2. Dynamically adjusting the priority of the process. As a process runs on the CPU, its priority is continually adjusted lower so that other processes with lower priorities get running opportunities.
The algorithm ensures that all processes can be fairly scheduled on the system, so that the CPU occupancy rate of each process is determined by the execution logic of the process, and the system does not intervene in the scheduling condition of the process under the condition of not setting the priority of the process.
With the continuous development of hardware capabilities and the multitasking nature of modern operating systems, users often run multiple services on the same operating system to increase the utilization of system resources. On a multi-service operating system, the problems that service logic cannot be completely predicted, service timeliness needs are different and the like will finally result in that the requirement for normal operation of a user service system cannot be met under a system default CPU scheduling algorithm.
Linux is widely applied to various industries as a mainstream modern operating system, CPU computing resources in a computer system become a vital production data under the background of the current information era, and whether the CPU computing resources can be efficiently utilized is directly related to the cost expenditure of enterprises and reflects the development level of social productivity. Because resource scheduling is implemented in a system kernel, a common process CPU occupancy control mode needs to be implemented in cooperation with a kernel module. Such as the cgroup (control groups) mechanism under the Linux operating system, which manages and controls the behavior of processes using system resources in a grouped manner. The user groups the processes and then allocates and controls the resources of the whole group, including controlling the utilization rate of the CPU by the processes. The Cgroup is constructed by two parts of a kernel mode module and a user mode interface, and a user acquires and sets various parameters of the kernel module through the user mode interface. The Cgroup architecture is complex and requires kernel support, and thus, there are problems of poor usability and insufficient compatibility in a simple CPU limitation.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method for controlling a process CPU occupancy rate of a Linux system, a terminal device, and a storage medium, which can be completely implemented in a user mode environment without the support of a kernel mode, thereby greatly improving the compatibility of an application environment.
The specific scheme is as follows:
a method for controlling the occupancy rate of a process CPU of a Linux system comprises the following steps:
s1: initially setting a running time proportion of a process to be monitored, namely CPU occupancy rate pcpu and a limit threshold limit, setting a control period dt, and setting control time as follows: control time 1, 2, … …, n;
s2: starting from the 2 nd control moment, calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored;
s3: calculating the operation time of the current control time to be larger than the work ratio according to the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the current control time:
Figure BDA0001899927540000031
where min () represents taking the minimum of two numbers;
s4: calculating the expected running time twork and the expected pause time tsleep at the current control moment according to the running time dominance vocabulary at the current control moment:
twork＝dt×workingrate
tsleep＝dt-dt×workingrate
s5: and controlling the running time and the pause time in the next control period of the process to be monitored through linux signals SIGCONT and SIGTOP according to the expected running time twork and the expected pause time tsleep at the current control moment.
Further, the method for calculating the CPU occupancy pcpu of the process to be monitored is as follows:
(1): acquiring configuration parameters of a process to be monitored, and searching a proc virtual file system path corresponding to the process to be monitored according to the configuration parameters;
(2): traversing the proc virtual file system, reading/proc/[ pid ]/stat files of all processes, and searching all sub-processes of the process to be monitored according to the ppid attribute of the files;
(3): reading the attribute of the time and the still of the/proc/[ pid ]/stat file of the process to be monitored and all the sub-processes thereof, calculating the running time cpu time of the process to be monitored at the current moment, and converting the unit of the running time into milliseconds according to a formula T ═ cpu time 1000/F, wherein F is the known system frequency;
(4) calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001899927540000032
wherein, TnFor the running time of the current control moment, Tn-1The running time of the previous control moment.
Further, the configuration parameter is a process ID or a process name.
Further, the running time cpu is the accumulated sum of the utime and the still of the process to be monitored and all the sub-processes thereof.
The terminal device for controlling the occupancy rate of the process CPU of the Linux system comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the steps of the method of the embodiment of the invention are realized when the processor executes the computer program.
A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to an embodiment of the invention as described above.
The invention adopts the technical scheme, provides the device for controlling the occupancy rate of the process CPU resource in the user mode on the basis of the traditional resource control and isolation in the kernel mode, can realize effective control on the occupancy rate of the process CPU resource in the application scene that some kernel versions do not support Cgroup and pure CPU resource control, and can set a control strategy according to the requirement of a user, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the CPU resource and ensuring that the key service can be distributed with enough resources.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the various embodiments, the invention provides the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will appreciate still other possible embodiments and advantages of the present invention with reference to these figures.
The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The first embodiment is as follows:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a method for controlling the process CPU occupancy of a Linux system, in which resource scheduling is implemented in a system kernel, and therefore a common process CPU occupancy control method needs to be implemented in cooperation with a kernel module. Such as the cgroup (control groups) mechanism under the Linux operating system, which manages and controls the behavior of processes using system resources in a grouped manner. The user groups the processes and then allocates and controls the resources of the whole group, including controlling the utilization rate of the CPU by the processes. The Cgroup is constructed by two parts of a kernel mode module and a user mode interface, and a user acquires and sets various parameters of the kernel module through the user mode interface. The Cgrop architecture is complex and needs a kernel for support, so that the problem of poor usability and insufficient compatibility exists in the pure CPU limitation.
According to the Linux signal mechanism, the process state can be changed into pause or execution by sending a SIGSTOP or sigcontrol signal to the process in the user mode, the scheduling logic of the process is indirectly changed, and the following characteristics of a/proc/[ pid ]/stat file on a proc file system are combined:
1. ppid parent Process ID
2. And (4) utime: the task runs in the user mode with the unit of jiffies
3. still: the task runs in kernel mode for a time in jiffies
4. start _ time: the time of starting the task is given in jfets
All sub-processes of the process can be found out by traversing/proc/[ pid ]/stat files under/proc directories, and the running condition of a certain process can be calculated by two attributes of utime and still in the/proc/[ pid ]/stat files.
The method of the embodiment specifically comprises the following steps:
s1: initially setting a limit threshold limit for an operating time ratio of a process to be monitored, setting a control period dt and setting control time as follows: control time 1, 2, … …, n.
S2: starting from the 2 nd control moment, calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
(1): and acquiring the configuration parameters of the process to be monitored, and searching the proc virtual file system path corresponding to the process according to the configuration parameters.
In this embodiment, the configuration parameters used include: process ID or process name, limit threshold limit. Other configuration parameters may be selected by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
(2): traversing the proc virtual file system, reading/proc/[ pid ]/stat files of all processes, judging whether the process corresponding to the file is a subprocess of the process to be monitored according to the ppid attribute of the file, thereby obtaining a subprocess list and finding out all the subprocesses of the process to be monitored.
It should be noted here that all child processes/proc/[ pid ]/stat files use the ppid attribute of the parent process, so that the search can be performed in this way.
(3): reading the attribute of the time and the still of the/proc/[ pid ]/stat file of the process to be monitored and all the sub-processes thereof, calculating the running time cpu time (in units of jiffies) of the process to be monitored at the current moment, and converting the unit of the running time into milliseconds (ms) according to the formula T ═ cpu time 1000/F (in units of ms, wherein F is the known system frequency).
It should be noted that the running time cpu is the accumulated sum of the utime and the still of the process to be monitored and all the child processes.
(4) Calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored according to the following formula:
Figure BDA0001899927540000061
wherein n is>1，TnFor the running time of the current control moment, Tn-1Dt, which is the running time of the previous control moment, is the set control period, i.e. the time interval between the current control moment and the previous control moment.
S3: calculating the operation time of the current control time to be larger than the work ratio according to the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the current control time:
Figure BDA0001899927540000071
where min () represents taking the minimum of two numbers.
S4: calculating the expected running time twork and the expected pause time tsleep at the current control moment according to the running time dominance vocabulary at the current control moment:
twork＝dt×workingrate
tsleep＝dt-dt×workingrate
s5: and controlling the running time and the pause time of the process to be monitored in the next control period through linux signals SIGCONT and SIGTOP according to the expected running time twork and the expected pause time tsleep of the current control time, returning to the step S2 for recalculation when the next control time is reached, and finally controlling the occupancy rate of the CPU to be monitored to be close to limit.
The first embodiment of the invention provides a device for controlling the occupancy rate of process CPU resources in a user mode on the basis of resource control and isolation in a traditional kernel mode, can realize effective control on the occupancy rate of the process CPU resources in application scenes that some kernel versions do not support Cgroup and pure CPU resource control, and can set a control strategy according to the requirements of users, thereby effectively improving the utilization rate of the CPU resources and ensuring that key services can be distributed with enough resources.
Example two:
the invention also provides process CPU occupancy rate control terminal equipment of the Linux system, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program which is stored in the memory and can run on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to realize the steps in the method embodiment of the first embodiment of the invention.
Further, as an executable scheme, the process CPU occupancy control terminal device of the Linux system may be a desktop computer, a notebook, a palm computer, a cloud server, and other computing devices. The process CPU occupancy rate control terminal device of the Linux system can comprise, but is not limited to, a processor and a memory. It is understood by those skilled in the art that the above-mentioned constituent structure of the process CPU occupancy control terminal device of the Linux system is only an example of the process CPU occupancy control terminal device of the Linux system, and does not constitute a limitation to the process CPU occupancy control terminal device of the Linux system, and may include more or less components than the above, or combine some components, or different components, for example, the process CPU occupancy control terminal device of the Linux system may further include an input/output device, a network access device, a bus, and the like, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.
Further, as an executable solution, the Processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), other general purpose Processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and the like. The general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor or the processor can be any conventional processor, etc., the processor is a control center of the process CPU occupancy rate control terminal device of the Linux system, and various interfaces and lines are used for connecting various parts of the process CPU occupancy rate control terminal device of the whole Linux system.
The memory can be used for storing the computer program and/or the module, and the processor realizes various functions of the process CPU occupancy rate control terminal device of the Linux system by running or executing the computer program and/or the module stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory. The memory can mainly comprise a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area can store an operating system and an application program required by at least one function; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the mobile phone, and the like. In addition, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, a memory, a plug-in hard disk, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) Card, a Flash memory Card (Flash Card), at least one magnetic disk storage device, a Flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
The invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the above-mentioned method of an embodiment of the invention.
If the modules/units integrated by the process CPU occupancy rate control terminal device of the Linux system are realized in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, the modules/units can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention may also be implemented by a computer program, which may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method embodiments may be implemented. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code, which may be in the form of source code, object code, an executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, usb disk, removable hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer Memory, Read-Only Memory (ROM ), Random Access Memory (RAM), software distribution medium, and the like.
While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. A method for controlling the occupancy rate of a process CPU of a Linux system is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: initially setting the running time ratio of the process to be monitored and the CPU occupancy rate pcpu to be the limit threshold limit, setting the control period dt, and setting the control time to be respectively: control time 1, 2, … …, n;
s2: starting from the 2 nd control moment, calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored;
s3: according to the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the current control moment and the operation time duty ratio workgram of the previous control moment, the operation time duty ratio for updating the current control moment is as follows:
Figure FDA0003439128930000011
where min () represents taking the minimum of two numbers;
s4: calculating the expected running time twork and the expected pause time tsleep at the current control moment according to the running time dominance vocabulary at the current control moment:
twork＝dt×workingrate
tsleep＝dt-dt×workingrate
s5: and controlling the running time and the pause time in the next control period of the process to be monitored through linux signals SIGCONT and SIGTOP according to the expected running time twork and the expected pause time tsleep at the current control moment.
2. The method for controlling the occupancy of the process CPU in the Linux system of claim 1, wherein: the method for calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored comprises the following steps:
(1): acquiring configuration parameters of a process to be monitored, and searching a proc virtual file system path corresponding to the process to be monitored according to the configuration parameters;
(2): traversing the proc virtual file system, reading/proc/[ pid ]/stat files of all processes, and searching all sub-processes of the process to be monitored according to the ppid attribute of the files;
(3): reading the attribute of the time and the still of the/proc/[ pid ]/stat file of the process to be monitored and all the sub-processes thereof, calculating the running time cpu time of the process to be monitored at the current moment, and converting the unit of the running time into milliseconds according to a formula T ═ cpu time 1000/F, wherein F is the known system frequency;
(4) calculating the CPU occupancy rate pcpu of the process to be monitored according to the following formula:
Figure FDA0003439128930000021
wherein, TnFor the running time of the current control moment, Tn-1The running time of the previous control moment.
3. The method for controlling the occupancy of the process CPU in the Linux system of claim 2, wherein: the configuration parameter is a process ID or a process name.
4. The method for controlling the occupancy of the process CPU in the Linux system of claim 2, wherein: the running time cpu time is the accumulated sum of the utime and the still of the process to be monitored and all the sub-processes thereof.
5. A terminal device for controlling the occupancy rate of a process CPU of a Linux system is characterized in that: comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and running on the processor, the processor implementing the steps of the method according to any of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
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