CN109633757B - Eddy current compensation method and eddy current compensation system - Google Patents
Eddy current compensation method and eddy current compensation system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109633757B CN109633757B CN201910123266.8A CN201910123266A CN109633757B CN 109633757 B CN109633757 B CN 109633757B CN 201910123266 A CN201910123266 A CN 201910123266A CN 109633757 B CN109633757 B CN 109633757B
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- G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
- G01V3/08—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices
- G01V3/10—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with magnetic or electric fields produced or modified by objects or geological structures or by detecting devices using induction coils
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Abstract
The invention provides an eddy current compensation method and an eddy current compensation system, comprising the following steps: the SQUID system is not interfered by an interference source; applying an excitation signal to an excitation coil at the periphery of the SQUID system to obtain an output signal of the SQUID system; carrying out derivation on an output signal of the SQUID system to obtain a transmission function; convolving the emission current with a transmission function to obtain an eddy current response signal of the SQUID system; and subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system from the output signal of the SQUID system to obtain the response signal of the measured object. The SQUID system is arranged on the insulating bracket; the excitation coil is sleeved outside the SQUID system and used for generating a pulse magnetic field; and the arithmetic unit is connected with the output end of the SQUID system and is used for carrying out eddy current compensation operation. The system has simple solving mode of the transmission function, the SQUID has larger bandwidth and better response to pulse signals; the eddy current of the system can be compensated, the eddy current of the SQUID coated with the aluminum foil can be compensated, and the stability of the system is greatly enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of magnetic detection, in particular to an eddy current compensation method and an eddy current compensation system.
Background
Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID) is the most sensitive magnetic sensor known at present, wherein the sensitivity of the low-temperature Superconducting SQUID can reach 1fT (1fT is 10 fT)-15Tesla) magnitude and high-temperature superconducting SQUID sensitivity can reach 10fT magnitude, is an important high-end application magnetic sensor and is widely applied to biomedical treatment, geophysical exploration and basic researchBasic research and other fields.
The transient electromagnetic method is one of exploration methods which are applied in geophysical exploration, transmits bipolar pulse signals and receives underground response based on electrical property difference, is mainly used for searching low-resistance targets, and has high anti-interference capacity and resolution.
When a transient electromagnetic system is used for detection, the emitted signal not only excites the underground response, but also excites the eddy current response of the system, so that the interference is caused to the measurement result. In the prior art, the transmission function is obtained in a deconvolution mode, the steps are complex, and the detection accuracy of the system needs to be improved. Problems with system eddy current response also exist in other electromagnetic inspection systems.
Therefore, how to simplify the steps and improve the detection accuracy has become one of the problems to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an eddy current compensation method and an eddy current compensation system, which are used to solve the problems of the prior art, such as complicated electromagnetic detection steps and low accuracy.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides an eddy current compensation method, including at least:
arranging a SQUID system to ensure that the SQUID system is not interfered by an interference source;
applying an excitation signal to an excitation coil at the periphery of the SQUID system to generate a pulse magnetic field and obtain an output signal of the SQUID system;
carrying out derivation on an output signal of the SQUID system to obtain a transmission function;
convolving the emission current for detection with the transmission function to obtain an eddy current response signal of the SQUID system;
and subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system from the output signal of the SQUID system to obtain the response signal of the measured object.
Optionally, the excitation signal is a step signal.
More optionally, the interference source comprises an earth magnetic field, power frequency noise, or metal.
More optionally, when the periphery of the SQUID system is coated with a plurality of layers of single-sided conductive metal thin films, convolving the emission current with the transmission function to obtain the eddy current response of the SQUID system and the eddy current response signal of the single-sided conductive metal thin films; and subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system and the eddy current response signal of the single-sided conductive metal film from the output signal of the SQUID system to obtain a response signal of the measured object.
More optionally, the eddy current compensation method is applied to transient electromagnetic systems.
To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides an eddy current compensation system, based on the above eddy current compensation method, the eddy current compensation system at least comprising:
the SQUID system is arranged on the insulating support and is used for obtaining a response signal and an eddy current response signal of the tested object;
the excitation coil is sleeved outside the SQUID system and used for generating a pulse magnetic field;
and the operation unit is connected to the output end of the SQUID system, receives the emission current for detection and is used for performing eddy current compensation operation.
Optionally, the height of the insulating support is not less than 10 m.
More optionally, the material of the insulating support includes wood.
Optionally, the SQUID system comprises a dewar, a SQUID device and a readout circuit, the SQUID device being immersed in the refrigerant liquid in the dewar; the readout circuit is arranged outside the Dewar and is connected with the SQUID device through a lead.
More optionally, the cryogenic liquid comprises liquid helium or liquid nitrogen.
More optionally, the dewar comprises a non-magnetic dewar.
More optionally, the eddy current compensation system further comprises a plurality of layers of single-sided conductive metal films coated outside the dewar.
More optionally, the material of the single-sided conductive metal film includes aluminum.
As described above, the eddy current compensation method and the eddy current compensation system according to the present invention have the following advantageous effects:
the eddy current compensation method and the eddy current compensation system of the invention obtain the transmission function by deriving the output signal of the SQUID system, and the solving mode is simple.
The eddy current compensation method and the eddy current compensation system adopt the SQUID to sense the response of the tested object, have larger bandwidth based on the SQUID and have high response to pulse signals, and can greatly improve the accuracy of the system.
The eddy current compensation method and the eddy current compensation system can compensate the eddy current of the system, can also compensate the eddy current of a plurality of layers of single-sided conductive metal films coated on the periphery of the SQUID system, and greatly improve the stability of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the eddy current compensation system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of the eddy current compensation system of the present invention.
Figure 3 shows a diagram of normalized amplitude over one period for the excitation signal, the output signal of the SQUID system, and the convolution solution of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged view of the rising edge of fig. 3.
Description of the element reference numerals
1 eddy current compensation system
11 insulating support
12 SQUID system
121 Dewar
122 SQUID device
123 readout circuit
13 exciting coil
14 arithmetic unit
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1 to 4. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the present embodiment are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the components related to the present invention are only shown in the drawings rather than drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, quantity and proportion of the components in actual implementation may be changed freely, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a system 1 for eddy current compensation, the eddy current compensation system 1 including:
As shown in fig. 1, the insulating holder 11 is used for placing the SQUID system 12.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the insulating support 11 is made of wood, and in practical use, any material that does not affect the response of the object to be measured and does not generate eddy current is suitable for the present invention, which is not described herein again. The height of the insulating support 11 is set to reduce or avoid the influence of the earth magnetic field on the detection result, in this embodiment, the height of the insulating support is set to be not less than 10m, the higher the height of the insulating support 11 is, the smaller the influence of the earth magnetic field on the detection result is, but the higher the cost is, and the height is preferably 15m or 20m on the basis of balancing accuracy and cost.
As shown in fig. 1, the SQUID system 12 is disposed on the insulating support 11, and is used for obtaining a response signal of the object to be measured and an eddy current response signal.
Specifically, the SQUID system 12 includes a dewar 121, a SQUID device 122, and a readout circuit 123.
More specifically, the dewar 121 is a sealed tank for storing and transporting low temperature liquid gas. In the present embodiment, the dewar 121 contains a refrigerant liquid, including but not limited to liquid nitrogen and liquid helium. In order to avoid the influence of magnetism of the tank material of the dewar 121 on the magnetic field detection, in the present embodiment, the dewar 121 is preferably a non-magnetic dewar.
More specifically, the SQUID device 122 is immersed in the refrigerating liquid in the dewar 121, in this embodiment, the SQUID device 122 is a SQUID three-axis magnetometer for detecting three axial environmental magnetic field fluctuations, the SQUID device 122 includes three SQUID magnetometers, each SQUID magnetometer is respectively disposed on the front surface, the upper surface and the left surface (three surfaces perpendicular to each other) of a right cube; each SQUID magnetometer is a ring, and the SQUID magnetometers are made of superconducting materials and used for converting detected magnetometer signals into voltage signals. In practical applications, any SQUID device capable of realizing magnetic detection is suitable for the present invention, and is not limited to the present embodiment.
More specifically, the readout circuit 123 is disposed outside the dewar 121, and an input end of the readout circuit 123 is connected to an output end of the SQUID device 122 through a wire, and is configured to read out a signal detected by the SQUID device 122. Any circuit capable of realizing SQUID device signal readout is suitable for the present invention, and is not enumerated here.
As shown in fig. 1, the excitation coil 13 is sleeved outside the SQUID system 12 for generating a pulse magnetic field.
Specifically, the excitation coil 13 is close to the outer sidewall of the dewar 121 in the SQUID system 12, and may be attached to the outer sidewall of the dewar 121, or may be spaced from the outer sidewall of the dewar 121, so as not to excite the earth to generate the eddy current, and the specific value is not limited herein. When the excitation coil 13 receives the excitation signal, a pulse magnetic field is generated.
As shown in fig. 1, the arithmetic unit 14 is connected to the output end of the SQUID system 12, and receives the emission current for detection, for performing an eddy current compensation operation.
Specifically, the arithmetic unit 14 obtains the output signal of the SQUID system 12 and the emission current for detection, performs derivation operation on the output signal of the SQUID system 12 to obtain a transmission function, performs convolution operation on the emission current and the transmission function to obtain a system eddy current response signal, and finally subtracts the system eddy current response signal from the output signal of the SQUID system 12 to obtain a response signal of the object to be measured, thereby realizing eddy current compensation. In this embodiment, the operation unit 14 includes a derivation module, a convolution module and a subtraction module (not shown in the figure), the derivation module receives the output signal of the SQUID system 12, the convolution module is connected to the emission current and the output end of the derivation module, and the subtraction module is connected to the output signal of the SQUID system 12 and the output end of the convolution module. Any circuit structure or software operation module capable of implementing the above operation is suitable for the present invention, and is not repeated herein.
As an implementation manner of this embodiment, the eddy current compensation system 1 further includes a plurality of single-sided conductive metal films (not shown) coated outside the dewar 121. The single-sided conductive metal film is made of, but not limited to, aluminum, and is adhered to the outer surface of the dewar 121 to prevent interference of high-frequency signals and increase stability of the system. The number of the single-sided conductive metal thin film layers can be set as required, and in this embodiment, not less than 40 single-sided conductive metal thin films are adhered to the outer surface of the dewar 121.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2, the present invention provides an eddy current compensation method including:
1) SQUID system 12 is arranged such that SQUID system 12 is not disturbed by a source of interference.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the insulating support 11 is constructed, and the insulating support 11 is disposed at a place far away from an interference source, which includes but is not limited to an earth magnetic field, power frequency noise, or metal. Wherein the SQUID system 12 is far away from the interference of the earth magnetic field by setting the height of the insulating support 11, and the SQUID system 12 is far away from the interference of power frequency noise or metal objects and the like by selecting the geographical position where the insulating support 11 is arranged, wherein the power frequency noise comprises but is not limited to wires arranged near the insulating support (the power frequency noise is far away to improve the signal to noise ratio), and the metal objects comprise but is not limited to automobiles and buildings (the metal objects are far away to avoid generating the eddy current effect and influencing the convolution result).
It should be noted that, this embodiment is implemented based on the eddy current compensation system 1 described in the first embodiment, and in practical applications, the SQUID system 12 may be disposed at a place far from the interference source by any way, and is not limited to the insulating support 11 illustrated in this embodiment.
It should be noted that the SQUID device 122 needs to debug the working point through the multi-channel readout circuit 123, and can normally work after the working point is set, and a specific debugging method is not repeated herein.
2) And applying an excitation signal to an excitation coil 13 at the periphery of the SQUID system 12 to generate a pulse magnetic field, and acquiring an output signal of the SQUID system 12.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, an excitation signal is applied to the excitation coil 13, and in this embodiment, the excitation signal is a step signal, including but not limited to a pulse signal, so as to generate a pulsed magnetic field. Under the pulse magnetic field and the measured magnetic field, the SQUID device 122 detects a response signal of the measured object and an eddy current response signal (two response signals are mixed) of the SQUID system 12, and the SQUID system 12 outputs a corresponding signal.
3) And carrying out derivation on the output signal of the SQUID system 12 to obtain a transmission function.
Specifically, the arithmetic unit 14 obtains an output signal of the SQUID system 12, and performs derivation operation on the output signal, thereby obtaining the transmission function. And the derivation operation steps are simple, and the calculation amount is greatly reduced.
4) And (3) convolving the emission current for detection with the transmission function to obtain an eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12.
Specifically, the arithmetic unit 14 obtains the emission current and the transmission function, and performs convolution operation on the emission current and the transmission function, so as to obtain an eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12.
5) And subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12 from the output signal of the SQUID system 12 to obtain a response signal of the measured object.
Specifically, the arithmetic unit 14 obtains the output signal of the SQUID system 12 and the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12, and subtracts the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12 from the output signal of the SQUID system 12 (the response signal of the object to be measured and the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12), thereby obtaining the response signal of the object to be measured.
Fig. 3 shows the normalized amplitude of the excitation signal, the output signal of the SQUID system and the convolution solution obtained by the method of the present invention in one period, wherein only the convolution solution (predicted value) exists in the next half period, and fig. 4 shows the enlarged view of the rising edge of fig. 3.
It should be noted that the eddy current compensation method is applicable to transient electromagnetic systems of geophysical exploration, and is also applicable to other systems requiring eddy current compensation, which is not described herein.
The invention compensates the eddy current, so that the response signal of the actual measured object can be restored, and an accurate measurement result can be obtained.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment provides an eddy current compensation method, which is different from the second embodiment in that the embodiment also compensates eddy current of a single-sided conductive metal film.
Specifically, when the SQUID system 12 is coated with a plurality of layers of single-sided conductive metal thin films: 2) the SQUID system 12 detects the response signal of the tested object, the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12 and the eddy current response signal of the single-sided conductive metal film (the three response signals are mixed together); 4) the eddy current response of the SQUID system 12 and the eddy current response signal of the single-sided conductive metal film are obtained after the medium convolution operation; 5) subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system 12 and the eddy current response signal of the single-sided conductive metal film from the output signal of the SQUID system 12 to obtain the response signal of the measured object.
If the system is taken as a whole, the transmission function of the system is obtained by matching the exciting coil and the wooden support, eddy current signals excited under different emission magnetic fields can be obtained based on convolution, and the real response of the ground can be obtained by artificial deduction in the data processing stage.
The technology can be applied to a transient electromagnetic system, and can eliminate the influence of a metal part of the system on a detection result. The technology can also be applied to other occasions needing eddy current compensation.
In summary, the present invention provides a method and a system for eddy current compensation, including: arranging a SQUID system to ensure that the SQUID system is not interfered by an interference source; applying an excitation signal to an excitation coil at the periphery of the SQUID system to generate a pulse magnetic field and obtain an output signal of the SQUID system; carrying out derivation on an output signal of the SQUID system to obtain a transmission function; convolving the emission current for detection with the transmission function to obtain an eddy current response signal of the SQUID system; and subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system from the output signal of the SQUID system to obtain the response signal of the measured object. The SQUID system is arranged on the insulating support and is used for obtaining a response signal and an eddy current response signal of a tested object; the excitation coil is sleeved outside the SQUID system and used for generating a pulse magnetic field; and the operation unit is connected to the output end of the SQUID system, receives the emission current for detection and is used for performing eddy current compensation operation. According to the eddy current compensation method and the eddy current compensation system, the output signal of the SQUID system is subjected to derivation, so that a transmission function is obtained, and the solving mode is simple; the SQUID is adopted to sense the response of the tested object, the bandwidth based on the SQUID is larger, the response to the pulse signal is also high, and the accuracy of the system can be greatly improved; meanwhile, the invention can compensate the eddy current of the system and the eddy current of the multilayer single-sided conductive metal film coated on the periphery of the SQUID system, thereby greatly improving the stability of the system. Therefore, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (13)
1. An eddy current compensation method, characterized in that it comprises at least:
arranging a SQUID system to ensure that the SQUID system is not interfered by an interference source;
applying an excitation signal to an excitation coil at the periphery of the SQUID system to generate a pulse magnetic field and obtain an output signal of the SQUID system;
carrying out derivation on an output signal of the SQUID system to obtain a transmission function;
convolving emission current for detection with the transmission function to obtain an eddy current response signal of the SQUID system;
and subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system from the output signal of the SQUID system to obtain the response signal of the measured object.
2. The eddy current compensation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the excitation signal is a step signal.
3. The eddy current compensation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the interference source comprises an earth magnetic field, power frequency noise or metal objects.
4. The eddy current compensation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the periphery of the SQUID system is coated with a plurality of layers of single-sided conductive metal thin films, the emission current and the transmission function are convoluted to obtain the eddy current response of the SQUID system and the eddy current response signal of the single-sided conductive metal thin films; and subtracting the eddy current response signal of the SQUID system and the eddy current response signal of the single-sided conductive metal film from the output signal of the SQUID system to obtain a response signal of the measured object.
5. The eddy current compensation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the eddy current compensation method is suitable for transient electromagnetic systems.
6. An eddy current compensation system based on the eddy current compensation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the eddy current compensation system comprises at least:
the SQUID system is arranged on the insulating support and is used for obtaining a response signal and an eddy current response signal of the tested object;
the excitation coil is sleeved outside the SQUID system and used for generating a pulse magnetic field;
and the operation unit is connected to the output end of the SQUID system, receives the emission current for detection and is used for performing eddy current compensation operation.
7. The eddy current compensation system of claim 6, wherein: the height of the insulating support is not less than 10 m.
8. The eddy current compensation system of claim 6, wherein: the insulating support is made of wood.
9. The eddy current compensation system of claim 6, wherein: the SQUID system comprises a Dewar, a SQUID device and a reading circuit; the SQUID device is soaked in the refrigerating liquid in the Dewar; the readout circuit is arranged outside the Dewar and is connected with the SQUID device through a lead.
10. The eddy current compensation system as recited in claim 9, wherein: the cryogenic liquid comprises liquid helium or liquid nitrogen.
11. The eddy current compensation system as recited in claim 9, wherein: the dewar comprises a non-magnetic dewar.
12. The eddy current compensation system according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein: the eddy current compensation system also comprises a plurality of layers of single-sided conductive metal films coated outside the Dewar.
13. The eddy current compensation system as recited in claim 12, wherein: the single-sided conductive metal film is made of aluminum.
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| US5770943A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1998-06-23 | General Electric Company | Method for measuring and compensating for spatially and temporally varying magnetic fields induced by eddy currents |
| CN102298129B (en) * | 2011-05-30 | 2014-07-09 | 苏州朗润医疗系统有限公司 | Vortex measurement and compensation method for nuclear magnetic resonance imaging system |
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