CN109631009B - Opposite-impact coal-fired boiler tube wall temperature integral optimization debugging method - Google Patents
Opposite-impact coal-fired boiler tube wall temperature integral optimization debugging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109631009B CN109631009B CN201910008282.2A CN201910008282A CN109631009B CN 109631009 B CN109631009 B CN 109631009B CN 201910008282 A CN201910008282 A CN 201910008282A CN 109631009 B CN109631009 B CN 109631009B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/38—Determining or indicating operating conditions in steam boilers, e.g. monitoring direction or rate of water flow through water tubes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
- F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
- F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K1/00—Preparation of lump or pulverulent fuel in readiness for delivery to combustion apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
- F23M5/08—Cooling thereof; Tube walls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2007—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters
- F24H9/2057—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heaters using solid fuel
Abstract
The invention discloses an integral optimization debugging method for tube wall temperature of an opposed coal-fired boiler, which comprises the following steps: s1, respectively carrying out optimization testing on the positions of the combustor pull rods under the conditions of high load, medium load and low load of the unit to obtain the optimal combustor pull rod positions under different loads of the unit; s2, on the basis of the step S1, performing coal mill combination optimization test on common coal to obtain a coal mill combination operation mode with the best pipe wall temperature control; and S3, carrying out coal blending mode optimization tests according to different blending ratios of the target coal types to obtain a coal blending mode with the best pipe wall temperature control. The method for integrally optimizing and debugging the tube wall temperature of the opposed coal-fired boiler provides reference for the optimization and adjustment of the tube wall temperature of the same type of unit, and can effectively control the occurrence of overtemperature tube explosion.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of boiler debugging, in particular to an integral optimization debugging method for the tube wall temperature of an opposed coal-fired boiler.
Background
With the gradual improvement of unit parameters, the problems of pipe wall overtemperature pipe explosion and high-temperature corrosion in a furnace of the unit under medium and high loads are particularly prominent, and the unit also attracts wide attention. Research aiming at material analysis of heating surface pipe explosion shows that the pipe explosion is not only related to the performance of the pipe and the welding process, but also the overtemperature of the pipe wall is an important incentive. Therefore, monitoring of the temperature of the reinforced pipe wall is particularly important, and several boiler plants adopt a mode of increasing online temperature measuring points to comprehensively master the wall temperature distribution and the over-temperature condition, or improve a temperature detection method, such as the invention application of a detection method of the temperature field distribution in the boiler (the publication number is CN 107389220A); in addition, the development of a long-life wall temperature measuring device resistant to smoke interference is also an important direction.
Meanwhile, the problem of high-temperature corrosion in the furnace is increasingly highlighted. The combustion modes of million-grade boilers produced by eastern boiler factories and limited companies are front and rear wall opposite-impact modes, the problem of high content of CO in smoke under medium and high load can be solved through adjustment of the air distribution mode of the burner, and then high-temperature corrosion in the boiler is relieved. But the problem of overtemperature of the pipe wall is more obvious, especially when the pipe is operated at low load. At present, domestic research aiming at the optimization and adjustment method of the pipe wall temperature of the type of unit still falls into blank.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide an integral optimization debugging method for the tube wall temperature of a hedging coal-fired boiler, which aims to solve the problems that the CO content in flue gas is high under high load and the tube wall is easy to generate over-temperature under low load in the prior art and fills the gap of the optimization adjusting method for the tube wall temperature of the unit.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an integral optimization debugging method for tube wall temperature of a hedging coal-fired boiler comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively carrying out optimization testing on the positions of the combustor pull rods under the conditions of high load, medium load and low load of the unit to obtain the optimal combustor pull rod positions under different loads of the unit;
s2, on the basis of the step S2, performing coal mill combination optimization test on common coal to obtain a coal mill combination operation mode with the best pipe wall temperature control;
and S3, carrying out coal blending mode optimization tests according to different blending ratios of the target coal types to obtain a coal blending mode with the best pipe wall temperature control.
In a preferred embodiment, the unit is provided with an SIS system, and the step S1 of optimizing the test of the burner tie rod specifically includes:
s11, collecting the temperatures of a plurality of pipe walls by a unit SIS system;
step S12, testing smoke components of the outlet section of the economizer;
and S13, analyzing the pipe wall temperature acquired in the step S11 and the distribution situation of the smoke components of the outlet section of the economizer in the step S12 by adopting a cyclone burner debugging method to obtain the optimal position of the burner pull rod.
In a preferred embodiment, the SIS system in step S11 collects the heated surface tube wall temperatures of the water wall, platen superheater, high temperature superheater, and high temperature reheater.
In a preferred embodiment, the tuning method of the cyclone burner in step S13 specifically includes the following steps:
s131, selecting coal for combustion, sequentially adjusting the inner secondary air pull rod and the outer secondary air pull rod of the combustor, and then performing the step S132;
s132, on the basis of adjusting the secondary air pull rods inside and outside the single combustor in the step S131, drawing a pipe wall temperature distribution diagram and a flue gas component distribution diagram of heating surfaces of a water wall, a platen superheater, a high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater at different combustor pull rod positions so as to determine the influence of the combustor pull rod positions on the pipe wall temperature and the flue gas component distribution;
s133, repeating the step S131 and the step S132 until the positions of all the combustor pull rods are adjusted;
and S134, analyzing the corresponding pipe wall temperature distribution map and the corresponding smoke component distribution map obtained in the steps S131 to S133 when the positions of the plurality of combustor pull rods are adjusted, finding out a plurality of combustors with the largest influence on the pipe wall temperature and the combustion in the furnace, and obtaining the optimal combustor pull rod position.
In a preferred embodiment, in step S2, tube wall temperature distribution maps and flue gas composition distribution maps of the heated surfaces of the water wall, the platen superheater, the high temperature superheater and the high temperature reheater under different coal mill combination modes are obtained through a coal mill combination optimization test, and finally, a coal mill combination operation mode with the best tube wall temperature control is obtained.
In a preferred embodiment, when different coal types are obtained through the coal blending mode optimization test in step S3, the pipe wall temperature distribution diagram and the flue gas component distribution diagram of the heated surfaces of the water-cooled wall, the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater finally obtain the coal blending mode with the best pipe wall temperature control.
In a preferred embodiment, the burner tie rod position optimization test comprises an over-fired air nozzle air distribution optimization test.
The invention provides an integral optimization debugging method for tube wall temperature of an opposed coal-fired boiler, aiming at different load points of a unit at high, medium and low, the optimal state of respective tube wall temperature control is finally obtained through the optimization test of the position of a burner pull rod, the combination optimization test of a coal mill and the optimization test of a coal blending mode by common coal. The pipe wall temperature optimization debugging method solves the problems that the unit has high CO content in flue gas under high load and the pipe wall is easy to generate overtemperature under low load, can effectively control the generation of overtemperature pipe explosion, and provides reference for the optimization and adjustment of the pipe wall temperature of the unit of the same type.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
While selected embodiments of the present invention have been described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the description of the embodiments of the present invention is illustrative only and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide an integral optimization debugging method for the tube wall temperature of an opposed coal-fired boiler, which adopts an SIS system matched with a unit to collect the tube wall temperature of heating surfaces such as a water-cooled wall, a screen superheater, a high-temperature reheater and the like through three load points of high, medium and low, and is assisted with the test of smoke components of the outlet section of an economizer to analyze the influence of main factors such as coal types, the position of a combustor (over-fire air) pull rod, the combination mode of a coal mill and the like on combustion in a boiler and the tube wall temperature, thereby completing the integral optimization debugging process for the tube wall temperature of the opposed coal-fired boiler.
The invention relates to a hedging coal-fired boiler unit which is provided with an SIS system, referring to a flow chart shown in the attached figure 1, and the integral optimization debugging method for the tube wall temperature of the hedging coal-fired boiler specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively carrying out combustor pull rod position optimization tests (including over-fire air nozzle air distribution optimization tests) under the conditions of high load, medium load and low load of the unit to obtain the optimal combustor pull rod position under different loads of the unit;
s2, on the basis of the step S2, performing coal mill combination optimization test on common coal, obtaining pipe wall temperature distribution maps and flue gas component distribution maps of heating surfaces of a water wall, a platen superheater, a high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater in different coal mill combination modes, and finally obtaining a coal mill combination operation mode with the best pipe wall temperature control;
s3, carrying out optimization test of coal blending modes according to different blending proportions of target coal types, and obtaining pipe wall temperature distribution diagrams and flue gas component distribution diagrams of heating surfaces of a water-cooled wall, a platen superheater, a high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater when different coal types are obtained, so as to finally obtain the coal blending mode with the best pipe wall temperature control.
The specific steps of the combustor pull rod optimization test in the step S1 include:
s11, collecting the temperatures of the tube walls of the heating surfaces of a water wall, a platen superheater, a high-temperature superheater and a high-temperature reheater by a unit SIS system; the collection of the temperature of the pipe wall is determined according to the installation condition of a field temperature measuring point, and the temperature is collected as much as possible, and the principle is full collection and is used for analyzing the thermal deviation between the same screens and the thermal deviation between the screens.
Step S12, testing smoke components of the outlet section of the economizer;
step S13, analyzing the pipe wall temperature collected in the step S11 and the distribution situation of the smoke components of the outlet section of the economizer in the step S12 by adopting a cyclone burner debugging method to obtain the optimal position of a burner pull rod;
wherein, the analysis of the pipe wall temperature and the distribution of the flue gas components at the section of the outlet of the economizer in the step S13 is carried out by adopting a cyclone burner debugging method (SBT for short), and the detailed implementation thought is as follows: firstly, selecting 1-2 common coal types for burning, adjusting secondary air pull rods inside and outside a combustor (over-fire air) one by adopting an SBT debugging method, and observing the influence of the position of the combustor (over-fire air) pull rod on the pipe wall temperature and the distribution of flue gas components (mainly aiming at high load); then, drawing pipe wall temperature distribution diagrams and flue gas component distribution diagrams of heating surfaces such as water cooling walls, platen superheaters, high-temperature reheaters and the like at different positions of a combustor (over-fire air) pull rod; and finally, analyzing the burners with the largest influence on the pipe wall temperature and the combustion in the furnace, and obtaining the optimal position of the pull rod of the burner (over-fire air) under the condition of considering the two burners. It should be noted that changes in burner (overfire air) tie rod position are counterproductive to the effects of tube wall temperature and furnace combustion, and therefore the optimum burner (overfire air) tie rod position should be differentiated at different loads and not be constant; meanwhile, due to the difference of the arrangement positions of the combustor and the over-fire air, the influence characteristics of the combustor and the over-fire air on the pipe wall temperatures of different heating surfaces are different.
Examples of the experiments
The million units of a certain power plant have the following problems in the running process of the units in the hedging combustion mode:
1) under the working condition of 1000MW load, the cross section of the outlet of the economizer has obvious oxygen deficiency in a local area at one side, so that the CO concentration in the local area of the side wall is high, the maximum value reaches 6380 mu L/L, and the safe operation and the thermal efficiency of the boiler are adversely affected;
2) the problems of partial combustion and high wall temperature of a partial screen type superheater exist during the operation of a low-load and three-mill combined mode, in particular to the problems that the temperature of the 15 th, 17 th and 18 th screen walls of the screen type superheater is high, the combustion of the A side is strong as a whole, and the oxygen content is low easily; under the combined operation mode of the AEF coal mill, the temperatures of the 7 th screen wall, the 8 th screen wall and the 9 th screen wall of the screen superheater are higher, the combustion of the B side is stronger, the oxygen content is easy to generate lower, the highest value of the temperature of the No. 12 pipe walls of the 9 screens is 616.3 ℃, and the overtemperature of the pipe walls is easy to generate.
In view of this, the idea of differentiating air distribution in the main burner region under high and low loads is adopted. The positions of the tie rods of the burners (containing overfire air) before and after the optimization are shown in tables 1 to 7.
TABLE 1 Main burner external secondary air drawbar position summary under high load
Note: 1) the numbers #1 to #8 are from the boiler A side to the boiler B side. 2) The maximum scale is 100%, and the opening of the baffle is in the direction of increasing air volume and weakening rotational flow; the reduction is the direction of air volume reduction and rotational flow enhancement.
TABLE 2 Main burner outer secondary air drawbar position summary under low load
TABLE 3 Main burner internal Secondary air Pull rod position summary
Note: 1) the numbers #1 to #8 are from the boiler A side to the boiler B side. 2) The maximum scale is 90 degrees, and the scale rotates to the large direction of increasing the air volume and enhancing the rotational flow; the small rotation is the direction of air quantity reduction and rotational flow weakening.
TABLE 4 overfire air outer secondary drawbar position summary
Note: 1) the front/rear walls of #1 to #8 are all in the direction from the boiler A side to the boiler B side. 2) The maximum scale is 400mm, and the outward air drawing quantity is increased; the pushing air quantity inwards is reduced.
TABLE 5 overgrate air drawbar position summary in overfire air
Note: 1) the front/rear walls of #1 to #8 are all in the direction from the boiler A side to the boiler B side. 2) The maximum scale is 400mm, and the outward air drawing quantity is reduced; the air quantity pushed inwards is increased.
TABLE 6 summary of the combined operating modes of the high-load lower coal mills
TABLE 7 summary of coal blending modes at high load
Through the reasonable configuration of the combined operation of a pull rod and a coal mill of a combustor (containing over-fire air) and the optimized coal blending mode, the highest value of the CO emission concentration of the local area of the side wall is reduced to 1071 mu L/L under 1000MW load, the average value is also reduced to 192 mu L/L from 749 mu L/L, and the reduction is obvious. Under 500MW load and in an AEF coal mill combined mode, the highest point of the temperature of the pipe wall is reduced to 600.5 ℃, and the safety margin of the pipe is greatly improved.
From the results of the experimental examples, the pipe wall temperature integral optimization debugging method is adopted to debug million units of the power plant in a hedging combustion mode, compared with the method before debugging, the CO emission concentration of the unit under high load is obviously reduced, the highest value of the pipe wall temperature under low load is also obviously reduced, and the problems of pipe wall overtemperature pipe explosion and high temperature corrosion in the furnace are effectively solved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present application and not for limiting the protection scope thereof, and although the present application is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: numerous variations, modifications, and equivalents will occur to those skilled in the art upon reading the present application and are within the scope of the claims as issued or as granted.
Claims (5)
1. The integral optimization debugging method for the tube wall temperature of the opposed coal-fired boiler is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, respectively carrying out optimization testing on the positions of the combustor pull rods under the conditions of high load, medium load and low load of the unit to obtain the optimal combustor pull rod positions under different loads of the unit;
the supporting SIS system that is equipped with of unit, the concrete step of combustor pull rod optimization test includes:
s11, collecting the temperatures of a plurality of pipe walls by a unit SIS system;
step S12, testing smoke components of the outlet section of the economizer;
step S13, analyzing the pipe wall temperature acquired in the step S11 and the distribution situation of the smoke components of the outlet section of the economizer in the step S12 by adopting a cyclone burner debugging method to obtain the optimal position of a burner pull rod;
the method for debugging the cyclone burner in the step S13 specifically comprises the following steps:
s131, selecting coal for combustion, sequentially adjusting the inner secondary air pull rod and the outer secondary air pull rod of the combustor, and then performing the step S132;
s132, on the basis of adjusting the secondary air pull rods inside and outside the single combustor in the step S131, drawing pipe wall temperature distribution diagrams and flue gas component distribution diagrams of heating surfaces of the water-cooled wall, the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater at different combustor pull rod positions;
s133, repeating the step S131 and the step S132 until the positions of all the combustor pull rods are adjusted;
s134, analyzing the pipe wall temperature distribution map and the smoke component distribution map which correspond to the adjustment of the positions of the plurality of combustor pull rods obtained in the steps S131 to S133, finding out a plurality of combustors with the largest influence on the pipe wall temperature and the combustion in the furnace, and obtaining the optimal combustor pull rod position;
s2, on the basis of the step S1, performing coal mill combination optimization test on common coal to obtain a coal mill combination operation mode with the best pipe wall temperature control;
and S3, carrying out coal blending mode optimization tests according to different blending ratios of the target coal types to obtain a coal blending mode with the best pipe wall temperature control.
2. The opposite-impulse coal-fired boiler tube wall temperature overall optimization debugging method according to claim 1, wherein the SIS system collects the tube wall temperatures of the water-cooled wall, the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater in step S11.
3. The opposite-impulse coal-fired boiler tube wall temperature overall optimization debugging method of claim 2, wherein in step S2, tube wall temperature distribution maps and flue gas composition distribution maps of the heating surfaces of the water-cooled wall, the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater in different coal mill combination modes are obtained through a coal mill combination optimization test, and finally, a coal mill combination operation mode with the best tube wall temperature control is obtained.
4. The opposite-impulse coal-fired boiler tube wall temperature overall optimization debugging method of claim 3, wherein when different coal types are obtained through the coal blending mode optimization test in the step S3, the tube wall temperature distribution diagram and the flue gas component distribution diagram of the heating surfaces of the water-cooled wall, the platen superheater, the high-temperature superheater and the high-temperature reheater finally obtain the coal blending mode with the best tube wall temperature control.
5. The opposed coal-fired boiler tube wall temperature integral optimization debugging method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the burner pull rod position optimization test comprises an over-fire air nozzle air distribution optimization test.
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