CN109630864B - Low-temperature storage tank with axial bearing and limiting functions - Google Patents

Low-temperature storage tank with axial bearing and limiting functions Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109630864B
CN109630864B CN201811462673.3A CN201811462673A CN109630864B CN 109630864 B CN109630864 B CN 109630864B CN 201811462673 A CN201811462673 A CN 201811462673A CN 109630864 B CN109630864 B CN 109630864B
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China
Prior art keywords
inner container
support
shell
explosion
sealing
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CN201811462673.3A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN109630864A (en
Inventor
黄仕虎
明长友
邹波
雒川
罗敏
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Chengdu Craer Cryogenic Equipment Co ltd
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Chengdu Craer Cryogenic Equipment Co ltd
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Publication of CN109630864A publication Critical patent/CN109630864A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/02—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge involving reinforcing arrangements
    • F17C1/04—Protecting sheathings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
    • F17C1/12—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge with provision for thermal insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/08—Mounting arrangements for vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/126—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for large storage containers for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
    • F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/03—Orientation
    • F17C2201/035—Orientation with substantially horizontal main axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0629—Two walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0103—Exterior arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0123—Mounting arrangements characterised by number of vessels
    • F17C2205/013—Two or more vessels
    • F17C2205/0149—Vessel mounted inside another one
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
    • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0308—Protective caps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-temperature storage tank with axial bearing and limiting functions, which belongs to the field of low-temperature liquefied gas storage and transportation and comprises an inner container, a shell, a fixed part and a sliding part; the two sides of the inner container are respectively axially supported in the outer shell through the fixing part and the sliding part; the fixing part keeps the distance between the inner container and the outer shell unchanged; the sliding part enables the interval between the inner container and the outer shell to be variable; the cover head for sealing the fixing part and the cover plate for sealing the sliding part are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell. Due to this structure, the inner container is prevented from being broken due to local stress concentration caused by low-temperature shrinkage.

Description

Low-temperature storage tank with axial bearing and limiting functions
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of low-temperature liquefied gas storage and transportation, and particularly relates to a low-temperature storage tank with axial bearing and limiting functions.
Background
With the wide application of low-temperature liquefied gases such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen and the like, the low-temperature liquid storage tank has wide market prospect as important equipment of the liquefied gases.
The inner container of the existing low-temperature storage tank is damaged due to local stress concentration which is easy to cause by low-temperature shrinkage.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a low-temperature storage tank with axial bearing and limiting functions, aiming at overcoming the defects, and aims to solve the problem that the inner container of the existing low-temperature storage tank is damaged due to local stress concentration easily caused by low-temperature shrinkage. In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the low-temperature storage tank with the axial bearing and limiting functions comprises an inner container 1, a shell 2, a fixing part 3 and a sliding part 4; the two sides of the inner container 1 are respectively axially supported in the outer shell 2 through the fixed part 3 and the sliding part 4; the fixing part 3 keeps the distance between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 unchanged; the sliding part 4 enables the interval between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 to be variable; the cover head 31 for sealing the fixed part 3 and the cover plate 41 for sealing the sliding part 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell 2.
Further, the fixing part 3 and the sliding part 4 each comprise an inner container support 11 fixed on one side of the inner container 1, a shell support 21 fixed on one side of the inner part of the shell 2, and an axial support 5 with two ends respectively sleeved in the inner container support 11 and the shell support 21; the inner container support 11 and one side of the inner container 1 form a clamping cavity 12; the two ends of the shell support 21 are open; the axial support 5 is a hollow cylinder-like body; the fixed part 3 also comprises a limiting plate 32 and a locking device 33 which are fixed on an opening at one end of the shell support 21; the locking means 33 enable the stop plate 32 and the inner container support 11 to be in close contact with the two ends of the axial support 5 of the fixed part 3.
Further, the locking device 33 comprises two bolts 34 which are arranged in the axial support 5 of the fixing part 3 and are respectively fixed on the limiting plate 32 and the inner container support 11, and a connecting cylinder 35 which connects the two bolts 34; a heat insulating pad 36 is provided between the connecting cylinder 35 and the bolt 34.
Further, a space exists between the axial support 5 of the sliding portion 4 and the cover 41.
Further, through holes are formed in the axial support 5, the inner container support 11 and the limiting plate 32, so that an interlayer between the inner container 11 and the outer shell 21 is communicated with the clamping cavity 12, the inside of the axial support 5 and the inside of the cover head 31.
Furthermore, the two sides of the inner container 1 are provided with inner container backing plates 13 which are used for being fixed with the inner container support 11 after the two sides of the inner container 1 are thickened; the two sides of the interior of the shell 2 are provided with shell backing plates 22 which are used for being fixed with a shell support 21 after the two sides of the interior of the shell 2 are thickened; the inner container support 11 and the outer container support 21 are provided with reinforcing ribs around them.
Further, the axial support 5 has a smaller diameter at the end near the inner container support 11 than at the end near the outer shell support 21.
Further, a vacuum obtaining valve 23 is arranged on the outer shell 2 and is used for vacuumizing the interlayer between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2; the axial support 5 is a heat insulating material; the outer surface of the inner container 1 is coated with a radiation-resistant heat insulation layer, and a gap is kept between the radiation-resistant heat insulation layer and the outer shell 2.
Further, the device also comprises an explosion-proof device 6; the explosion-proof device 6 comprises a sealed explosion-proof seat 61, a sealed explosion-proof plug 62, a sealing ring 63, an explosion-proof cover 64 and a screw 65; the lower end of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61 is fixed on the outer shell 2 and is communicated with an interlayer between the outer shell 2 and the inner container 1; the upper end of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61 can be plugged with a sealing explosion-proof plug 62; a sealing groove 66 is formed in the sealing explosion-proof plug 62, and a sealing ring 63 is arranged on the sealing groove 66; a groove 67 is formed in the side face of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61; the explosion-proof cover 64 is opened at a lower end thereof, has a diameter larger than that of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61, and is supported on the groove 67 by the screw 65.
Further, the device also comprises an anti-rotation mechanism 8; the anti-rotation mechanism 8 comprises an anti-rotation pin 81, a base 82, a support sleeve 83 and two guide plates 84; the support sleeve 83 is welded to the inner container 1 and extends toward the inside of the inner container 1; a base 82 is fixed at one end of the support sleeve 83, which is close to the inner part of the inner container 1; the base 82 is provided with an anti-rotation pin 81 penetrating through the supporting sleeve 83; the other end of the anti-rotation pin 81 is limited to rotate by two guide plates 84 fixed on the inner surface of the housing 2; the two guide plates 84 are parallel to the axis of the inner container 1 and form an axial guide groove 85; a gap exists between the anti-rotation pin 81 and the support sleeve 83.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. when the inner container 1 of the low-temperature storage tank loads low-temperature medium to cause the inner container 1 to axially shrink, the other end of the inner container 1 and the adjacent cover plate 41 can generate relative axial displacement to perform displacement compensation, so that the damage to the structure caused by local stress concentration of the inner container 1 due to low-temperature shrinkage is avoided.
2. The gravity load of the inner container 1 and the medium is transmitted to the outer shell 2 through the axial support 5; compared with a low-temperature storage tank using a steel sling or a radial supporting structure, the axial supporting structure has the advantages that the gap between the outer shell 2 and the inner container 1 is reduced, the axial supporting structure is lighter under the requirement of ensuring that excellent heat insulation performance can be obtained, the overall dimension is smaller, the material cost is reduced, the heat leakage is reduced, and the supporting assembly process difficulty and the workload are reduced.
3. The locking device 33 can ensure that the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 are always integrated, the vacuum interlayer pipeline 91 is not damaged by the relative displacement between one end of the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 caused by low-temperature shrinkage, and the inertial load damage structure is not generated on the outer shell 2 under the inertial action of the inner container 1 caused by transportation acceleration or deceleration.
4. The low-temperature storage tank in a double-layer structure is characterized in that a high-vacuum interlayer is arranged between the low-temperature storage tank shell 2 and the inner container 1, so that air convection heat transfer between the shell 2 and the inner container 1 is prevented; the outer surface of the inner container 1 is coated with a radiation-resistant heat insulation layer, and the radiation heat transfer between the inner container 1, the outer shell 2 and the outside is prevented by the radiation-resistant heat insulation layer with specific thickness; the low-temperature storage tank with the structure has excellent heat insulation performance, can effectively store low-temperature medium for a long time, and improves the service efficiency of the medium.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an overall schematic of a cryogenic tank of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the fixing part of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the sliding portion structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an anti-rotation mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the explosion-proof equipment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an external schematic view of the explosion-proof apparatus of the present invention;
in the accompanying drawings: 1-inner container, 11-inner container support, 12-clamp cavity, 13-inner container backing plate, 2-outer shell, 21-outer shell support, 22-outer shell backing plate, 23-vacuum take-off valve, 3-fixing part, 31-cover head, 32-limit plate, 33-locking device, 34-bolt, 35-connecting cylinder, 36-heat insulation pad, 4-sliding part, 41-cover plate, 5-axial support, 6-explosion-proof device, 61-sealed explosion-proof seat, 62-sealed explosion-proof plug, 63-sealing ring, 64-explosion-proof cover, 65-screw, 66-sealing groove, 67-groove, 8-rotation-proof mechanism, 81-rotation-proof pin, 82-base, 83-support sleeve, 84-guide plate, 85-axial guide groove, 9-saddle, 91-sandwich pipe, 68-guide angle, 69-conical surface, 60-threaded hole.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
See figures 1-6. The low-temperature storage tank with the axial bearing and limiting functions comprises an inner container 1, a shell 2, a fixing part 3 and a sliding part 4; the two sides of the inner container 1 are respectively axially supported in the outer shell 2 through the fixed part 3 and the sliding part 4; the fixing part 3 keeps the distance between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 unchanged; the sliding part 4 enables the interval between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 to be variable; the cover head 31 for sealing the fixed part 3 and the cover plate 41 for sealing the sliding part 4 are respectively arranged on two sides of the shell 2.
Due to the above structure, the gravity load of the inner container 1 and the medium is transferred to the outer shell 2 through the fixing part 3 and the sliding part 4, the fixing part 3 can prevent the relative displacement between one end of the inner container 1 and the adjacent cover head 31, and the sliding part 4 can enable the relative axial displacement between the other end of the inner container 1 and the adjacent cover plate 41; when the inner container 1 of the low-temperature storage tank loads low-temperature medium to cause the inner container 1 to axially shrink, the other end of the inner container 1 and the adjacent cover plate 41 can generate relative axial displacement to perform displacement compensation, so that the damage to the structure caused by local stress concentration of the inner container 1 due to low-temperature shrinkage is avoided. If the low-temperature storage tank needs to be returned to a factory for maintenance, the cover head 31 or the cover plate 41 can be directly cut to detach the inner container 1, and the heat insulation material or the interlayer pipeline 91 can be replaced; the difficulty of maintenance or repair is reduced, and the workload of maintaining and disassembling the storage tank is reduced; the cryogenic tank also comprises two saddles 9; the two saddles 9 are respectively supported on the left side and the right side below the shell 2; the saddle 9 on one side is provided with a bolt mounting round hole, and the saddle on the other side is provided with a bolt mounting waist round hole.
The fixing part 3 and the sliding part 4 comprise an inner container support 11 fixed on one side of the inner container 1, a shell support 21 fixed on one side of the inner part of the shell 2 and an axial support 5 with two ends respectively sleeved in the inner container support 11 and the shell support 21; the inner container support 11 and one side of the inner container 1 form a clamping cavity 12; the two ends of the shell support 21 are open; the axial support 5 is a hollow cylinder-like body; the fixed part 3 also comprises a limiting plate 32 and a locking device 33 which are fixed on an opening at one end of the shell support 21; the locking means 33 enable the stop plate 32 and the inner container support 11 to be in close contact with the two ends of the axial support 5 of the fixed part 3.
Due to the above structure, the two ends of the axial support 5 are respectively sleeved in the inner container support 11 and the outer shell support 21, and the gravity load of the inner container 1 and the medium is transferred to the outer shell 2 through the axial support 5; compared with a low-temperature storage tank using a steel sling or a radial support structure, the axial support structure has the advantages that the gap between the outer shell 2 and the inner container 1 is reduced, and under the requirement of ensuring that excellent heat insulation performance can be obtained, the low-temperature storage tank is lighter than a steel sling structure low-temperature storage tank or a radial support structure low-temperature storage tank with the same geometric volume, the overall dimension is smaller, fewer steel materials are used for the outer shell 2, and the material cost is reduced; the supporting heat transfer path is changed from steel sling heat transfer or radial supporting heat transfer to axial supporting heat transfer, the structure has smaller heat conduction than the steel sling heat transfer of the storage tank with the same volume, and the number of the supporting heat transfer paths is smaller than that of the supporting heat transfer paths used by radial supporting (usually 8) so as to reduce heat leakage and the supporting assembly process difficulty and workload of the storage tank; the axial support 5 is made of epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the axial support 5 made of the epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic has excellent heat insulation performance; the axial support 5 is a hollow cylinder, and the hollow structure reduces the heat leakage to a negligible level on the premise of ensuring the strength; the inner container support 11 and one side of the inner container 1 form a clamping cavity 12 so as to change the cambered surface at one end of the inner container 1 into a plane corresponding to one end of the axial support 5; the two ends of the shell support 21 are opened, so that the axial support 5 can be conveniently placed from one end of the shell support 21; the locking device 33 enables the limiting plate 32 and the inner container support 11 to be clung to two ends of the axial support 5 of the fixing part 3, so that one end of the inner container 1 and the adjacent capping end socket 31 do not generate relative displacement.
The locking device 33 comprises two bolts 34 which are arranged in the axial support 5 of the fixing part 3 and are respectively fixed on the limiting plate 32 and the inner container support 11, and a connecting cylinder 35 which connects the two bolts 34; a heat insulating pad 36 is provided between the connecting cylinder 35 and the bolt 34.
Due to the above structure, the bolts 34 fixed on the limiting plates 32 are fastened by double nuts, and after fastening, the bolts are welded in a spot welding way to prevent looseness and falling; after the bolts 34 fixed on the inner container support 11 are fastened, the bolts are welded in a spot welding way to prevent looseness and falling; the heat insulation pad 36 is arranged between the connecting cylinder 35 and the bolt 34, so that the heat transfer of the bolt 34 can be effectively reduced while the strength is ensured, and the heat transfer is controlled in an allowable range; the cover head 31 on the outer shell 2 outside the shell support 21 forms a closed cavity with an interlayer; an interlayer pipeline 91 is arranged between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2, and the interlayer pipeline 91 can store a low-temperature medium in the inner container 1 or convey the low-temperature medium outwards from the inner container 1; during transportation and use, the locking device 33 can ensure that the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 are always integrated, so that the vacuum interlayer pipeline 91 is not damaged by the relative displacement between one end of the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 caused by low-temperature shrinkage, and an inertial load damage structure is not generated on the outer shell 2 under the inertial action of the inner container 1 caused by transportation acceleration or deceleration.
A space exists between the axial support 5 of the sliding part 4 and the cover plate 41. When the inner container 1 of the low-temperature storage tank loads low-temperature medium to cause the inner container 1 to axially shrink, the other end of the inner container 1 and the adjacent cover plate 41 can generate relative axial displacement to perform displacement compensation, so that the damage to the structure caused by local stress concentration of the inner container 1 due to low-temperature shrinkage is avoided.
Through holes are formed in the axial support 5, the inner container support 11 and the limiting plate 32, so that an interlayer between the inner container 11 and the outer shell 21 is communicated with the clamping cavity 12, the inside of the axial support 5 and the inside of the cover head 31. The interlayer between the inner container 11 and the outer shell 21 is communicated with the clamping cavity 12, the inside of the axial support 5 and the inside of the cover surface seal head 31 through the through holes, when the product is vacuumized, the air in the clamping cavity 12, the inside of the axial support 5 and the inside of the cover surface seal head 31 can be effectively discharged, the support structure is ensured to meet the process requirements of vacuum process acquisition, and the unreasonable support structure is prevented from influencing the vacuum acquisition and the vacuum service life of the product.
The two sides of the inner container 1 are provided with inner container backing plates 13 which are used for being fixed with the inner container support 11 after the two sides of the inner container 1 are thickened; the two sides of the interior of the shell 2 are provided with shell backing plates 22 which are used for being fixed with a shell support 21 after the two sides of the interior of the shell 2 are thickened; the inner container support 11 and the outer container support 21 are provided with reinforcing ribs around them. The inner container backing plate 13 thickens the two sides of the inner container 1, the radian is consistent with the two sides of the inner container 1, the outer shell backing plate 22 thickens the two sides of the inner part of the outer shell 2, the radian is consistent with the two sides of the inner part of the outer shell 2, the stress generated by supporting is reduced, the bearing capacity of the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 is enhanced, and the reinforcing ribs increase the reliability of the supporting structure.
The axial support 5 has a smaller diameter at the end adjacent the inner container support 11 than at the end adjacent the outer shell support 21. The axial support 5 is conveniently placed by extending from one end of the shell support 21, fine adjustment is carried out, and the large-diameter end and the small-diameter end have radian transition.
The outer shell 2 is provided with a vacuum acquisition valve 23 for vacuumizing an interlayer between the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2; the axial support 5 is a heat insulating material; the outer surface of the inner container 1 is coated with a radiation-resistant heat insulation layer, and a gap is kept between the radiation-resistant heat insulation layer and the outer shell 2. The low-temperature storage tank in a double-layer structure is characterized in that a high-vacuum interlayer is arranged between the low-temperature storage tank shell 2 and the inner container 1, so that air convection heat transfer between the shell 2 and the inner container 1 is prevented; the outer surface of the inner container 1 is coated with a radiation-resistant heat insulation layer, and the radiation heat transfer between the inner container 1, the outer shell 2 and the outside is prevented by the radiation-resistant heat insulation layer with specific thickness; the low-temperature storage tank with the structure has excellent heat insulation performance, can effectively store low-temperature medium for a long time, and improves the service efficiency of the medium. The axial support 5 is made of epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic, and the axial support 5 made of the epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic has excellent heat insulation performance. The radiation-resistant heat insulation layer is a heat insulation material formed by compounding flame-retardant glass fiber and aluminum foil.
The device also comprises an explosion-proof device 6; the explosion-proof device 6 comprises a sealed explosion-proof seat 61, a sealed explosion-proof plug 62, a sealing ring 63, an explosion-proof cover 64 and a screw 65; the lower end of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61 is fixed on the outer shell 2 and is communicated with an interlayer between the outer shell 2 and the inner container 1; the upper end of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61 can be plugged with a sealing explosion-proof plug 62; a sealing groove 66 is formed in the sealing explosion-proof plug 62, and a sealing ring 63 is arranged on the sealing groove 66; a groove 67 is formed in the side face of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61; the explosion-proof cover 64 is opened at a lower end thereof, has a diameter larger than that of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61, and is supported on the groove 67 by the screw 65. The lower end of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61 is fixed on the outer shell 2 and is communicated with an interlayer between the outer shell 2 and the inner container 1; the upper end of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61 can be plugged with a sealing explosion-proof plug 62; a sealing groove 66 is formed in the sealing explosion-proof plug 62, and a sealing ring 63 is arranged on the sealing groove 66; when the inner container 1 leaks to cause the interlayer overpressure, the sealing explosion-proof plug 62 in the explosion-proof device 6 can automatically pop up to rapidly discharge the overpressure gas, so that the damage of the low-temperature liquid storage tank shell 2 caused by the overpressure is avoided, and the larger economic loss caused by the overpressure explosion of the shell 2 is also avoided; a groove 67 is formed in the side face of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61; the lower end of the explosion-proof cover 64 is opened, the diameter of the lower end opening is larger than that of the sealing explosion-proof seat (61), and the explosion-proof cover is supported on the groove 67 through the screw 65; the size of the explosion proof cover 64 is designed to ensure that the sealing explosion proof plug 62 will be fully ejected when an overpressure occurs, to maximize the amount of venting, and to ensure that the ejected sealing explosion proof plug 62 is stored within the explosion proof cover 64. The inner surface of the upper end of the sealing explosion-proof seat 61 is provided with a guide angle 68; the upper end of the sealing explosion-proof plug 62 is provided with a conical surface 69 which can be matched with the guide angle 68. The upper surface of the sealing explosion-proof plug 62 is provided with a threaded hole 60 with a certain depth. The number of the sealing grooves 66 and the number of the sealing rings 63 are two. The seal ring 63 is an O-ring.
The device also comprises an anti-rotation mechanism 8; the anti-rotation mechanism 8 comprises an anti-rotation pin 81, a base 82, a support sleeve 83 and two guide plates 84; the support sleeve 83 is welded to the inner container 1 and extends toward the inside of the inner container 1; a base 82 is fixed at one end of the support sleeve 83, which is close to the inner part of the inner container 1; the base 82 is provided with an anti-rotation pin 81 penetrating through the supporting sleeve 83; the other end of the anti-rotation pin 81 is limited to rotate by two guide plates 84 fixed on the inner surface of the housing 2; the two guide plates 84 are parallel to the axis of the inner container 1 and form an axial guide groove 85; a gap exists between the anti-rotation pin 81 and the support sleeve 83. The anti-rotation mechanism 8 prevents the inner container 1 from rotating to add additional load to the interlayer pipeline 91, and avoids failure and damage of the interlayer pipeline 91; the base 82 of the anti-rotation mechanism 8 is provided with an anti-rotation pin 81 penetrating through the supporting sleeve 83; the other end of the anti-rotation pin 81 is limited to rotate by two guide plates 84 fixed on the inner surface of the housing 2; thereby limiting the rotation of the inner container 1 relative to the outer shell 2 by taking the axial support 5 as a rotating shaft; the two guide plates 84 are parallel to the axis of the inner container 1 and form an axial guide groove 85; when the inner container 1 is contracted at low temperature, the inner container 1 and the outer shell 2 will generate relative displacement, and the axial guide groove 85 allows the inner container 1 to slide along the axial direction without being blocked by the anti-rotation pin 81; the effect of limiting the rotation of the inner container 1 and allowing the inner container 1 to axially slide is achieved, and the stress generated at low temperature can be released; the support sleeve 83 is welded to the inner container 1 and extends toward the inside of the inner container 1; the structure with the support sleeve 83 built in is mainly used for prolonging the heat conduction path and reducing the heat conduction of the anti-rotation pin 81; on the premise of ensuring the strength, the support sleeve 83 with different length sizes can be designed, namely the effective heat conduction path of the anti-rotation pin 81 is not influenced by the gap size between the outer shell 2 and the inner container 1, and the length of the anti-rotation pin 81 can be controlled according to the design requirement; a gap exists between the anti-rotation pin 81 and the support sleeve 83; the support sleeve 83 is made of stainless steel, the anti-rotation pin 81 is made of epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic, heat conduction is small, a gap with a certain size is designed between the anti-rotation pin 81 and the support sleeve 83, direct contact heat transfer between the anti-rotation pin 81 and the support sleeve 83 is prevented, and the heat insulation effect of equipment is improved. The anti-rotation pin 81 is a hollow cylinder-like body. Reinforcing ribs are fixed around the support sleeve 83. Reinforcing ribs are fixed on the outer side of the guide plate 84.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent processes using the descriptions and drawings of the present invention or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.

Claims (5)

1. The low-temperature storage tank with the axial bearing and limiting functions is characterized by comprising an inner container (1), an outer shell (2), a fixing part (3) and a sliding part (4); both sides of the inner container (1) are axially supported in the outer shell (2) through the fixing part (3) and the sliding part (4) respectively; the fixing part (3) keeps the distance between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2) unchanged; the sliding part (4) enables the distance between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2) to be variable; both sides of the shell (2) are respectively provided with a cover head (31) for sealing the fixed part (3) and a cover plate (41) for sealing the sliding part (4); the fixing part (3) and the sliding part (4) comprise an inner container support (11) fixed on one side of the inner container (1), a shell support (21) fixed on one side of the inner part of the shell (2) and axial supports (5) with two ends respectively sleeved in the inner container support (11) and the shell support (21); the inner container support (11) and one side of the inner container (1) form a clamping cavity (12); the two ends of the shell support (21) are open; the axial support (5) is a hollow cylinder-like body; the fixing part (3) further comprises a limiting plate (32) and a locking device (33) which are fixed on an opening at one end of the shell support (21); the locking device (33) enables the limiting plate (32) and the inner container support (11) to be tightly attached to two ends of the axial support (5) of the fixing part (3); the locking device (33) comprises two bolts (34) which are arranged in the axial support (5) of the fixing part (3) and are respectively fixed on the limiting plate (32) and the inner container support (11), and a connecting cylinder (35) which connects the two bolts (34); a heat insulation pad (36) is arranged between the connecting cylinder (35) and the bolt (34); the diameter of the end, close to the inner container support (11), of the axial support (5) is smaller than the diameter of the end, close to the outer shell support (21); also comprises an explosion-proof device (6); the explosion-proof device (6) comprises a sealing explosion-proof seat (61), a sealing explosion-proof plug (62), a sealing ring (63), an explosion-proof cover (64) and a screw (65); the lower end of the sealing explosion-proof seat (61) is fixed on the shell (2) and is communicated with an interlayer between the shell (2) and the inner container (1); the upper end of the sealing explosion-proof seat (61) can be plugged with a sealing explosion-proof plug (62); a sealing groove (66) is formed in the sealing explosion-proof plug (62), and a sealing ring (63) is arranged on the sealing groove (66); a groove (67) is formed in the side face of the sealing explosion-proof seat (61); the lower end of the explosion-proof cover (64) is opened, the diameter of the lower end opening of the explosion-proof cover is larger than that of the sealing explosion-proof seat (61), and the explosion-proof cover is supported on the groove (67) through the screw (65); the anti-rotation mechanism (8) is also included; the anti-rotation mechanism (8) comprises an anti-rotation pin (81), a base (82), a support sleeve (83) and two guide plates (84); the supporting sleeve (83) is welded on the inner container (1) and extends towards the inner container (1); a base (82) is fixed at one end of the supporting sleeve (83) close to the inner part of the inner container (1); an anti-rotation pin (81) penetrating through the supporting sleeve (83) is arranged on the base (82); the other end of the anti-rotation pin (81) is limited to rotate through two guide plates (84) fixed on the inner surface of the shell (2); the two guide plates (84) are parallel to the axis of the inner container (1) to form an axial guide groove (85); a gap is reserved between the anti-rotation pin (81) and the supporting sleeve (83).
2. Cryogenic tank with axial load-bearing and limit function according to claim 1, characterized in that a distance is present between the axial support (5) of the sliding part (4) and the cover plate (41).
3. The cryogenic tank with axial load bearing and limiting function according to claim 2, characterized in that the axial support (5), the inner container support (11) and the limiting plate (32) are all provided with through holes.
4. A cryogenic tank with axial load-bearing and limit function according to claim 3, characterized in that the two sides of the inner container (1) are provided with inner container backing plates (13) for being fixed with the inner container support (11) after the two sides of the inner container (1) are thickened; the two sides of the interior of the shell (2) are provided with shell backing plates (22) which are used for being fixed with a shell support (21) after the two sides of the interior of the shell (2) are thickened; reinforcing ribs are arranged around the inner container support (11) and the outer shell support (21).
5. The cryogenic storage tank with axial bearing and limiting functions according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that a vacuum acquisition valve (23) is arranged on the outer shell (2) for vacuumizing an interlayer between the inner container (1) and the outer shell (2); the axial support (5) is a heat insulating material; the outer surface of the inner container (1) is coated with a radiation-resistant heat insulation layer, and a gap is kept between the radiation-resistant heat insulation layer and the outer shell (2).
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CN112066251B (en) * 2020-08-07 2022-05-10 北京航天试验技术研究所 Internal fixed support based on conical shell and low-temperature container with same
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