CN109629232B - Super-hydrophobic textile fabric and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Super-hydrophobic textile fabric and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109629232B CN109629232B CN201811358770.8A CN201811358770A CN109629232B CN 109629232 B CN109629232 B CN 109629232B CN 201811358770 A CN201811358770 A CN 201811358770A CN 109629232 B CN109629232 B CN 109629232B
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
- D06M15/233—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated aromatic, e.g. styrene
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
- B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
- B01D17/0202—Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M2200/00—Functionality of the treatment composition and/or properties imparted to the textile material
- D06M2200/10—Repellency against liquids
- D06M2200/12—Hydrophobic properties
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
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- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a super-hydrophobic textile fabric and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: under the action of an initiator azobisisobutyronitrile, divinylbenzene is subjected to polymerization reaction on the textile cloth in an organic solvent to generate polydivinylbenzene, so that the super-hydrophobic textile cloth is formed. The contact angle of the textile cloth can reach 155.7 degrees, the characteristics of super-hydrophobicity and super-oleophylicity are shown, and effective selective separation can be carried out on oil-water mixtures. The super-hydrophobic textile fabric prepared by the method can be prepared by a hydrothermal method, has stable structural performance and good reproducibility, and can be widely applied to the fields of water pollution control, volatile organic compound adsorption and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials, and particularly relates to super-hydrophobic textile cloth and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Along with the development of industry and social economy, oil spillage and industrial emission of organic solvents become more serious, and serious ecological environment damage is caused. Once discharged into water environment, the oil-containing pollutants obviously reduce the content of dissolved oxygen in water, so that plankton and the like in the water die due to oxygen deficiency, and fish and shellfish are odorized and are not suitable for eating. Meanwhile, the oil and the decomposition products thereof have a plurality of toxic substances which are taken up, absorbed and enriched by aquatic organisms in the water body to cause the distortion of the aquatic organisms.
The currently common methods for removing oil substances in water include adsorption, air flotation, gravity separation and membrane separation. However, the conventional oil-water separation technology has high energy consumption, long time consumption and low efficiency. For oil/water separation or oil adsorption, woven cloth is considered as one of the most attractive materials due to its excellent properties of flexibility, low price, high density, etc., and has been widely studied after the event of oil leakage in gulf of mexico in 2010. However, commercial textiles can often adsorb both oil and water, which results in inefficient separation.
Polydivinylbenzene has a porous structure, a rough surface and an organic skeleton, so that polydivinylbenzene has a super-hydrophobic characteristic and is commonly used for adsorbing an organic solvent, but polydivinylbenzene is a powdery material and is not easy to collect after adsorption treatment, so polydivinylbenzene left after the environment is treated is still an environmental pollutant, so that some authors compound polydivinylbenzene with other materials by a coating method, but the coating method often causes the two materials to be combined insufficiently and firmly.
In view of the above, the polydivinylbenzene directly grows on the textile in situ to obtain the super-hydrophobic textile cloth for separating the oil-water mixture, and the prepared hydrophobic textile cloth has excellent mechanical stability, oil-water separation effect and reusability, can adsorb volatile organic compounds, and is applied to the field of air pollution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a preparation method for preparing super-hydrophobic textile cloth by directly growing polydivinylbenzene in situ on the surface of the textile cloth.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the super-hydrophobic textile cloth is characterized in that the PDVB @ textile cloth hydrophobic composite material is prepared by dispersing a polymerization agent, divinyl benzene and the textile cloth in an organic solvent, self-assembling and drying.
The method comprises the following steps:
dissolving 2.0-4.0 g of divinylbenzene in 16-64 mL of organic solvent, adding 0-10 mL of water, adding 0.05-0.40 g of initiator, and stirring the mixed solution at room temperature for 3-5 hours to obtain a monomer solution; then, absorbing the monomer solution to saturation by using woven cloth, putting the woven cloth absorbing the monomer solution into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and putting the stainless steel reaction kettle into an oven at 80-120 ℃ for 24-48 hours; and after naturally cooling to room temperature, opening the reaction kettle, and volatilizing the organic solution to obtain the super-hydrophobic textile fabric.
In the above method, the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or acetone.
In the method, the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile or boron trifluoride diethyl etherate.
In the above process, divinylbenzene: organic solvent: the mass ratio of the initiator is 1: 8-16: 0.025 to 0.05.
In the invention, the original textile cloth absorbs oil and water at the same time, and the textile cloth prepared by the method can only selectively penetrate oil.
In the invention, the amount of the polyvinyl benzene generated on the textile fabric can be controlled by controlling the amount of the monomer solution absorbed by the textile fabric.
The textile fabric has higher mechanical strength and can be repeatedly used.
A super-hydrophobic textile fabric has a contact angle of 153-155.7 degrees with water, and belongs to super-hydrophobic and oleophylic composite materials.
A super-hydrophobic textile cloth is applied to the effective selective separation of oil-water mixture.
A super-hydrophobic textile cloth is applied to selective oil adsorption of oil-water mixture.
A super-hydrophobic textile cloth is applied to the adsorption of volatile organic compounds.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the process flow of the invention is simple, the price of the textile cloth is low, the source is wide, and the textile cloth can be repeatedly utilized. In the whole process, a precise instrument is not needed, the preparation method is simple, the water distribution contact angle of the prepared super-hydrophobic textile is 153-155 degrees, the super-hydrophobic textile has the characteristics of hydrophobicity and oleophylicity, oil-water separation can be rapidly carried out, the super-hydrophobic textile can be recycled, and the super-hydrophobic textile has a good adsorption effect on volatile organic compounds.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of an original woven cloth;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a superhydrophobic textile fabric;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of wettability of a superhydrophobic textile fabric to water;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of wettability of a common textile fabric to water;
FIG. 5 is an oil-water filtration separation diagram of a super-hydrophobic textile cloth;
FIG. 6 is an oil-water separation test chart of the super-hydrophobic textile cloth;
FIG. 7 is a graph of the cyclic separation efficiency of the superhydrophobic textile cloth to chloroform.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and may be carried out with reference to conventional techniques for process parameters not particularly noted.
Example 1
20 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 2 mL of water were mixed, and then 2 g of divinylbenzene was added, followed by 0.05 g of azobisisobutyronitrile, and the mixed solution was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. Firstly, ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using ethanol, then ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using water, and then drying the textile cloth in an oven. Absorbing the solution by the textile cloth, putting the textile cloth into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and putting the stainless steel reaction kettle in an oven at 100 ℃ for 24 hours. And then the textile cloth is cooled at room temperature, and the organic solvent and the water are volatilized.
Example 2
40 mL of ethyl acetate was measured, 4 g of divinylbenzene was then added, 0.10 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was then added, and the mixed solution was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. Firstly, ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using ethanol, then ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using water, and then drying the textile cloth in an oven. Absorbing the solution by the textile cloth, putting the textile cloth into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and putting the stainless steel reaction kettle in an oven at 100 ℃ for 24 hours. And then the textile cloth is cooled at room temperature, and the organic solvent and the water are volatilized.
Example 3
30 mL of tetrahydrofuran and 3 mL of water were mixed, and then 3 g of divinylbenzene was added, followed by addition of 0.15 g of azobisisobutyronitrile, and the mixed solution was stirred at room temperature for 5 hours. Firstly, ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using ethanol, then ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using water, and then drying the textile cloth in an oven. Absorbing the solution by the textile cloth, putting the textile cloth into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and putting the stainless steel reaction kettle in an oven at 110 ℃ for 48 hours. And then the textile cloth is cooled at room temperature, and the organic solvent and the water are volatilized.
Example 4
20 mL of tetrahydrofuran was measured, 2.5 g of divinylbenzene was then added, 0.08 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was then added, and the mixed solution was stirred at room temperature for 3.5 hours. Firstly, ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using ethanol, then ultrasonically cleaning the textile cloth by using water, and then drying the textile cloth in an oven. Absorbing the solution by the textile cloth, putting the textile cloth into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and putting the stainless steel reaction kettle in an oven at 120 ℃ for 48 hours. And then the textile cloth is cooled at room temperature, and the organic solvent and the water are volatilized.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the water wettability of the superhydrophobic woven fabric of the product obtained in example 1, in which water droplets are present in a spherical shape, and the hydrophobic angle is 155.7 degrees, while the original woven fabric of FIG. 4 rapidly absorbs water.
And (3) oil-water separation testing: as shown in FIG. 5, the superhydrophobic woven cloth obtained in example 1 was put into a glass jar and then 100mL of an oil/water mixture (chloroform, 50% v/v) was poured, and it can be seen from the figure that insoluble oil can easily permeate the woven cloth and water remains on the surface of the cloth, achieving a rapid oil-water separation effect. The separation efficiency of the super-hydrophobic textile cloth is maintained at about 99% after 10 cycles, and basically remains unchanged, which shows that the super-hydrophobic textile cloth has good repeatability.
And (3) oil-water separation testing: referring to the attached figure 6, the sponge is wrapped by the super-hydrophobic textile fabric obtained in example 1 and then placed in an oil-water mixture (toluene is dyed with oil red O, and water is dyed with methylene blue), and it can be seen from the figure that toluene rapidly permeates through the super-hydrophobic textile fabric and is absorbed by the sponge, while water cannot be absorbed, so as to achieve the effect of rapid oil-water separation.
Gas-phase toluene static adsorption: putting the super-hydrophobic textile fabric into a watch glass, putting liquid toluene into a beaker, putting the liquid toluene and the beaker into a closed system, and vacuumizing the system to obtain the 12 h gas-phase toluene static adsorption capacity. A piece of superhydrophobic textile cloth had a cloth mass of 1.43 g, a supported polydivinylbenzene mass of 0.36 g, and adsorbed gas phase toluene of 0.6541 g.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of super-hydrophobic textile cloth is characterized in that a PDVB @ textile cloth hydrophobic composite material is prepared by dispersing a polymerization agent, divinyl benzene and the textile cloth in an organic solvent, self-assembling and drying;
the method comprises the following steps:
dissolving 2.0-4.0 g of divinylbenzene in 16-64 mL of organic solvent, adding 0-10 mL of water, adding 0.05-0.40 g of initiator, and stirring the mixed solution at room temperature for 3-5 hours to obtain a monomer solution; then, absorbing the monomer solution to saturation by using woven cloth, putting the woven cloth absorbing the monomer solution into a stainless steel reaction kettle with a polytetrafluoroethylene lining, and putting the stainless steel reaction kettle into an oven at 80-120 ℃ for 24-48 hours; and after naturally cooling to room temperature, opening the reaction kettle, and volatilizing the organic solution to obtain the super-hydrophobic textile fabric.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is tetrahydrofuran, ethyl acetate or acetone.
3. The method for preparing the superhydrophobic textile cloth according to claim 1, wherein the initiator is azobisisobutyronitrile or boron trifluoride ethyl ether.
4. The preparation method of claim 1 is used for preparing super-hydrophobic textile cloth, and is characterized in that the contact angle of the super-hydrophobic textile cloth and water is 153-155.7 degrees, and the super-hydrophobic textile cloth belongs to super-hydrophobic and oleophylic composite materials.
5. The use of the superhydrophobic textile fabric of claim 4 for effective selective separation of oil and water mixtures.
6. The use of the superhydrophobic textile fabric of claim 4 for selective oil absorption of oil and water mixtures.
7. The superhydrophobic textile fabric of claim 4 applied to adsorption of volatile organic compounds.
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| CN114106659B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-08-19 | 吉林建筑大学 | Composite coating with super-hydrophobic cilia structure, anti-scale coated product and preparation method of composite coating |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102861611A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Application of organic framework porous solid acid |
| CN106040297A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-26 | 河南工业大学 | Method for preparing hydrophobic solid organic-acid catalyst |
| CN106084282A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of quick cationic polymerization prepares method and the application of hydrophobic oleophilic oil composite |
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| KR101589203B1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2016-01-28 | 한국과학기술원 | Method of Fabricating Surfaces Having Superhydrophobicity and Hydrophilicity and Apparatus of Preparing the Same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102861611A (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-09 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Application of organic framework porous solid acid |
| CN106040297A (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-10-26 | 河南工业大学 | Method for preparing hydrophobic solid organic-acid catalyst |
| CN106084282A (en) * | 2016-06-06 | 2016-11-09 | 北京化工大学 | A kind of quick cationic polymerization prepares method and the application of hydrophobic oleophilic oil composite |
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