CN109628137B - Method for treating aging oil by microwave - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating aging oil by microwaves, which comprises the steps of weighing the aging oil, adding 50-300ppm of an aging oil treatment agent, placing the aging oil in a microwave reactor, introducing nitrogen to replace air, turning off the nitrogen, starting the microwave reactor, setting the reaction temperature to be 20-100 ℃, the microwave power to be 400-1000W, stirring at the rotating speed of 500-1700 r/min, performing microwave radiation for 1-10 min, pouring the aging oil after the microwave treatment into a separating funnel, and settling to realize complete separation of oil and water. The method has the characteristics of high treatment efficiency of the aging oil, environmental protection, no pollution, short treatment time, small occupied area, low investment, low energy consumption, easy control and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of aging oil treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating aging oil by a microwave method.
Background
The aged oil is crude oil sludge or ground oil with strong conductivity and difficult electrochemical demulsification, contains a large amount of colloids and asphaltenes, has similar components with heavy oil components and higher content percentage, and has higher viscosity, poorer fluidity, higher solidifying point, higher density and extremely high demulsification difficulty due to the clay, FeS, naphthenic acid substances and some mechanical impurity particles contained in the aged oil, and the processing difficulty is higher than that of common heavy oil. On the other hand, because the aging oil in the oil field production process is difficult to treat, the aging oil can only be transferred into the production system for later treatment in order to not affect the whole production system, and a large amount of aging oil is accumulated. The problem is more serious in offshore oil fields, aging oil occupies a large amount of cabin space, the space of an oil storage cabin is reduced, and the capacity of the offshore oil field for dealing with process impact is greatly reduced. In addition, a large amount of aging oil is accumulated and cannot be effectively utilized, so that the waste of resources is caused.
At present, the domestic treatment method of the aging oil generally takes a thermochemical method, a centrifugal treatment method, a sedimentation method, an ultrasonic method, a microbial treatment method and an electric dehydration method as main methods, but the treatment methods all have the problems of large occupied area, long treatment period, substandard oil phase water content after treatment, poor applicability to different types of aging oil and the like.
CN2677000 discloses a method for treating aging oil in an oil field, which adopts the process flows of a medicine tank, a medicine feeding pump, a recovered oil output pipe, a heating furnace, a centrifugal cyclone and a recovered oil output valve which are sequentially connected by pipelines; continuously adding chemicals to dehydrate the aging oil in a centrifugal cyclone by a thermochemical method. The method has simple process, is suitable for large-scale treatment process, but has the defects of long treatment time, large medicament amount, high energy consumption, large occupied area and the like.
CN206375860U discloses an aging oil treatment method, which adopts the process flow of a settling tank, a centrifugal pump, a heat exchanger and a dosing device which are connected in sequence by pipelines; and (3) heating the aging oil in the aging oil treatment system, adding chemicals, circulating for multiple times, settling in a settling tank, and finally extracting product oil from an overflow pipe orifice of the settling tank to finish the dehydration treatment of the aging oil. The method has the problems of long treatment time, large medicament dosage, low sedimentation dehydration rate, incomplete treatment of the aging oil and the like.
CN107090305A discloses a method for recovering and treating aging oil in an oil field, which comprises the steps of adding the aging oil to be treated and a demulsifier into a reaction tank, heating and keeping the temperature constant, then starting an ultrasonic generator to transfer the treated mixed liquid into a settling tank, and standing at the constant temperature until three phases of oil, water and mud are layered. The method combines ultrasonic treatment process with foamed metal, strengthens ultrasonic cavitation, and accelerates demulsification process. The method has the problems of large dosage, high energy consumption, low dehydration rate and the like.
CN207330856U discloses an aging oil treatment method, which comprises a microwave heating device, an ultrasonic reaction device, a lift pump, a centrifuge and the like which are connected in sequence; can realize the stable and high-efficiency treatment of the aging oil without other auxiliary equipment, and effectively remove water and solid impurities in the aging oil. The method has the problems of high equipment investment cost, large occupied area, low aging oil treatment capacity, difficult control of process flow and the like.
CN102533581A discloses an aging oil biological desulfurization microbial inoculum and a method for treating aging oil by using the microbial inoculum, wherein an aging oil biological desulfurization reactor is used for culturing and adding the aging oil biological desulfurization microbial inoculum and desulfurizing the aging oil; solves the environmental pollution caused by sulfides in the aging oil, and improves the efficiency of recovering and treating the aging oil. The method for treating the aging oil has the problems of harsh strain culture conditions, difficult control of a biological desulfurization reactor, low aging oil treatment efficiency and the like.
The treatment method for the aged oil is not only a traditional thermochemical method, a centrifugal treatment method and a sedimentation method, but also a novel ultrasonic method and a microorganism treatment method; the problems of low treatment efficiency of the aging oil, large medicament dosage, long treatment period, complex process flow, large occupied area and the like exist.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a method for treating aging oil by microwaves, which classifies and manages the clay, colloid, asphaltene and other emulsifying components in the aging oil by adding an aging oil treatment agent and a microwave reactor, achieves the complete demulsification effect of the aging oil, reduces the viscosity of the treated oil and the content of colloid asphaltene, and improves the property of the oil. The treatment method has the characteristics of high treatment efficiency of the aging oil, environmental protection, no pollution, short treatment time, small occupied area, low investment, low energy consumption, easy control and the like.
The invention relates to a method for treating aging oil by microwaves, which comprises the following steps: firstly weighing aging oil, adding 50-300ppm of an aging oil treatment agent, then placing the aging oil in a microwave reactor, introducing nitrogen to replace air, turning off the nitrogen, and simultaneously arranging a stirrer and an infrared temperature measurement probe to ensure that the reaction process is in a stirring state and monitoring the temperature of an oil product in real time; starting a microwave reactor, setting the reaction temperature to be 20-100 ℃, the microwave power to be 400-1000W, the stirring rotation speed to be 500-1700 r/min, carrying out microwave radiation under the microwave treatment time of 1-10 min, pouring the aged oil after the microwave treatment into a separating funnel, achieving the complete oil-water separation effect after sedimentation, having no intermediate layer, and removing separated water to obtain treated aged oil;
wherein the aging oil treatment agent is one of polyether polyol or modified polyether;
the polyether polyol is a nonionic surfactant with a polyether structure as a main chain and hydroxyl groups as end groups; the transparent liquid is semitransparent liquid in appearance, the molecular weight is 800-10000, the viscosity is 300-1500 cp at 25 ℃, the HLB is 10-14, the PH is 5.0-7.0, and the cloud point is 55-60;
the modified polyether is a nonionic surfactant with a main chain of a polyether structure and an end group containing various hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, amino, ether and carboxyl; the transparent liquid is transparent in appearance, the molecular weight is 10000-50000, the viscosity is 1000-2500 cp at 25 ℃, the HLB is more than 13, the PH is 7.0-9.0, and the cloud point is 60-75;
in the technological parameters of the microwave reactor, the preferable reaction temperature is 40-80 ℃, the power is 600-1000W, the rotating speed is 1300-1700 r/min, and the treatment time is 1-5 min.
Compared with the existing aging oil treatment method, the method has the following advantages:
1) according to the invention, a green and efficient microwave treatment technology is adopted, polar macromolecules such as clay, colloid and asphaltene in the aging oil have the capability of preferentially absorbing microwaves, and further dipole moment effect is caused to generate local high-temperature sites, so that the polar macromolecules are cracked at high temperature, an emulsion stabilizing system is destroyed, the viscosity of an oil product is reduced, the effect of complete demulsification and separation of oil and water in the aging oil is finally realized, the quality of the oil product of the aging oil is stable, the water content of the treated oil product is less than 0.5%, and the treated oil product can directly enter a gathering and transportation system and be transported out;
2) the invention adopts the microwave treatment technology and has the characteristics of short treatment period, small occupied area, simple and easily controlled process flow, mild reaction condition, low investment, low energy consumption and the like;
3) the microwave treatment technology realizes the high-efficiency utilization of the aging oil with lower cost and simple process flow, the dehydration rate of the aging oil can reach more than 99 percent, and the problem of difficult dehydration of the aging oil can be completely solved; the treatment period of the aging oil is shortened by more than 95%, so that the working efficiency of an oil field company is improved, and considerable economic benefits can be brought;
4) the viscosity of the oil product separated by the microwave treatment technology is greatly reduced, the viscosity reduction rate reaches 30 percent, the fluidity is obviously improved, and the oil product reaches the standard of high-quality export crude oil; the carbon residue, colloid and asphaltene components in the oil product are obviously reduced (the carbon residue removal rate is 22 percent, and the degumming rate and the deasphalting rate are both more than 15 percent), the oil product is lightened, the oil product property is improved, and the high-quality export crude oil standard is reached.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an aging oil treatment device;
in the figure: 1-nitrogen gas; 2-a pressure reducing valve; 3-a wet gas flow meter; 4-a microwave reactor; 5-digital paddle type mechanical stirring; 6-non-contact infrared probe; 7-three-neck flask; 8-separating funnel; 9-iron stand.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.
The compositions of the aging oil raw materials used in the examples are shown in Table 1, and the microwave treatment process conditions are shown in Table 2. The following indices are calculated according to the following formula:
the dehydration rate is the water content of the aging oil-the water content of the oil product after treatment/the water content of the aging oil is multiplied by 100 percent
Viscosity reduction rate is aging oil viscosity-viscosity of treated oil product/aging oil viscosity multiplied by 100%
The carbon residue removal rate is the carbon residue content of the aging oil, the carbon residue content of oil products after treatment/the carbon residue content of the aging oil is multiplied by 100 percent
Degumming rate is aging oil colloid content-treated oil product colloid content/aging oil colloid content x 100%
Deasphalting rate-asphaltene content of aged oil-asphaltene content of oil after treatment/asphaltene content of aged oil X100%
The microwave reactor adopted by the method can adopt the common microwave reactor existing on the market. The microwave reactor used in the embodiment of the invention adopts a double-channel DTD non-contact infrared temperature measurement technology, and the reaction temperature measurement range is 0-900 ℃; the microwave power is accurately controlled in a closed-loop PID automatic frequency conversion mode along with a reaction program, non-pulse microwave is used for continuous heating, and the power change range is 0-1000W; the digital paddle type mechanical stirring is stepless speed regulation, and can be used for clockwise or anticlockwise stirring, and the rotating speed range is 30-1700 r/min; the reactor adopts a firm and durable industrial furnace chamber structure and a plurality of layers of chemical corrosion resistant spraying, so that the long-term use of the instrument in a harsh chemical reaction environment is met; the microwave reactor is internally provided with a camera device, and the reactor is externally provided with a TFT color liquid crystal display, so that the microwave treatment reaction process of the aging oil can be observed in real time.
Example 1
(1) The aging oil treatment agent is polyether polyol, the molecular weight is 800-1200, the viscosity at 25 ℃ is 300-310 cp, the HLB is 10.5, the pH is 5.5, and the cloud point is 55.5; the dosing concentration is 50 ppm;
(2) the composition analysis of the aging oil raw material is shown in a certain oil field in a land in Table 1, the microwave treatment process conditions are shown in Table 2, and the results after treatment are shown in Table 3;
(3) the specific method of the embodiment is as follows: firstly, adding aging oil into a three-neck flask 7, weighing, adding an aging oil treatment agent with a certain concentration, and then placing the three-neck flask 7 into a microwave reactor 4. A paddle type mechanical stirrer 5 is inserted into the middle opening of the three-mouth flask 7; the nitrogen 1 is introduced into the left port, and the nitrogen 1 is switched off after the air has been displaced. And after the nitrogen gas 1 is stopped to be introduced into the last port, the infrared temperature measuring probe 6 is inserted and sealed, and the temperature of the oil product is monitored in real time. Starting the microwave reactor 4, performing microwave radiation at a set temperature, power and time, pouring the aged oil subjected to microwave treatment into a separating funnel 8, settling to achieve an oil-water complete separation effect, removing separated water to obtain the treated aged oil without an intermediate layer.
Example 2
(1) The aging oil treatment agent adopts polyether polyol, the molecular weight is 9600-10000, the viscosity is 1480-1500 cp at 25 ℃, the HLB is 14.0, the pH is 7.0, and the cloud point is 60; the dosing concentration is 200 ppm;
(2) the composition analysis of the aging oil raw materials is shown in a certain offshore oil field in Table 1, the microwave treatment process conditions are shown in Table 2, and the results after treatment are shown in Table 3;
(3) the specific method of this example is the same as the method (3) in example 1.
Example 3
(1) The aging oil treatment agent adopts modified polyether, the molecular weight is 10000-10500, the viscosity is 1000-1020 cp at 25 ℃, the pH is 7.0, and the cloud point is 60; the dosing concentration is 50 ppm;
(2) the composition analysis of the aging oil raw material is shown in a certain oil field in a land in Table 1, the microwave treatment process conditions are shown in Table 2, and the results after treatment are shown in Table 3;
(3) the specific method of this example is the same as the method (3) in example 1.
Example 4
(1) The aging oil treatment agent adopts modified polyether, the molecular weight is 20000-20500, the viscosity is 1300-1350 cp at 25 ℃, the pH is 8.0, and the cloud point is 65; the dosing concentration is 100 ppm;
(2) the composition analysis of the aging oil raw materials is shown in a certain offshore oil field in Table 1, the microwave treatment process conditions are shown in Table 2, and the results after treatment are shown in Table 3;
(3) the specific method of this example is the same as the method (3) in example 1.
Example 5
(1) The aging oil treatment agent adopts modified polyether, the molecular weight is 49500-50000, the viscosity is 2450-2500 cp at 25 ℃, the pH is 9.0, and the cloud point is 75; the dosing concentration is 150 ppm;
(2) the composition analysis of the aging oil raw materials is shown in a certain offshore oil field in Table 1, the microwave treatment process conditions are shown in Table 2, and the results after treatment are shown in Table 3;
(3) the specific method of this example is the same as the method (3) in example 1.
TABLE 1 ageing oil raw material composition
| Aging oil property | Certain oil field on land | Offshore oil field |
| Water content% | 38.5 | 47.2 |
| Density (20 ℃ C.)/(g. cm)-3) | 0.9581 | 0.9662 |
| Viscosity (100 ℃ C.)/(mm)2·s-1) | 502.6 | 478.2 |
| Residual carbon content% | 8.22 | 9.59 |
| Four componentsComposition (ω)% ] | ||
| Saturation fraction | 41.98 | 40.31 |
| Aromatic component | 39.04 | 38.90 |
| Glue | 18.21 | 19.91 |
| Asphaltenes | 0.77 | 0.88 |
TABLE 2 microwave treatment Process conditions
TABLE 3 treatment effect data of microwave-treated aging oil
| Examples | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
| A rate of dehydration% | 99.14 | 99.32 | 99.12 | 99.44 | 99.45 |
| Viscosity reduction ratio of% | 29.31 | 31.28 | 30.92 | 31.75 | 31.82 |
| The carbon residue removal rate% | 22.32 | 22.39 | 22.27 | 22.30 | 22.29 |
| Degelatinization rate,% | 18.32 | 18.65 | 18.47 | 18.82 | 18.83 |
| Deasphalting rate,% | 15.25 | 15.67 | 16.21 | 16.45 | 16.37 |
Claims (2)
1. A method for treating aging oil is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps:
firstly weighing aging oil, adding 50-300ppm of an aging oil treatment agent, then placing the aging oil in a microwave reactor, introducing nitrogen to replace air, turning off the nitrogen, and simultaneously arranging a stirrer and an infrared temperature measurement probe to ensure that the reaction process is in a stirring state and monitoring the temperature of an oil product in real time; starting a microwave reactor, setting the reaction temperature to be 20-100 ℃, the microwave power to be 400-1000W, the stirring rotation speed to be 500-1700 r/min, carrying out microwave radiation under the microwave treatment time of 1-10 min, pouring the aged oil after the microwave treatment into a liquid separating device, achieving the effect of completely separating oil from water after sedimentation, and removing separated water to obtain treated aged oil without an intermediate layer;
wherein the aging oil treatment agent is one of polyether polyol or modified polyether;
the polyether polyol is a nonionic surfactant with a polyether structure as a main chain and hydroxyl groups as end groups; the transparent liquid is semitransparent liquid in appearance, the molecular weight is 800-10000, the viscosity is 300-1500 cp at 25 ℃, the HLB is 10-14, the PH is 5.0-7.0, and the cloud point is 55-60;
the modified polyether is a nonionic surfactant with a main chain of a polyether structure and an end group containing various hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl, amino, ether and carboxyl; the transparent liquid has the appearance of transparent liquid, the molecular weight of 10000-50000, the viscosity of 1000-2500 cp at 25 ℃, the HLB of more than 13, the PH of 7.0-9.0 and the cloud point of 60-75.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reaction temperature is 40-80 ℃, the microwave power is 600-1000W, the stirring speed is 1300-1700 r/min, and the microwave treatment time is 1-5 min.
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| US7014773B2 (en) * | 2003-02-21 | 2006-03-21 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Demulsification of emulsions by socillatory mixing |
| CN102220156A (en) * | 2010-04-13 | 2011-10-19 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | Electro-desalting and dehydrating method for crude oil |
| CN102952565B (en) * | 2011-08-25 | 2015-07-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Electric desalting and dewatering method |
| CN106044940B (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2019-05-10 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Demulsification water purification agent and preparation method thereof for combination flooding produced liquid |
| CN107418616B (en) * | 2017-05-23 | 2020-04-03 | 盘锦富隆化工有限公司 | Broad-spectrum type aging oil demulsifier and preparation method thereof |
| CN207330856U (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2018-05-08 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of aging oil treatment system |
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Effective date of registration: 20210408 Address after: 300131 No. three, No. 85, Tianjin Road, Hongqiao District, China Patentee after: CNOOC TIANJIN CHEMICAL RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL Corp. Patentee after: TIANJIN HAIHUA ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CNOOC ENERGY TECHNOLOGY & SERVICES Ltd. Address before: 300131 No. three, No. 85, Tianjin Road, Hongqiao District, China Patentee before: CNOOC TIANJIN CHEMICAL RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL Corp. Patentee before: CNOOC ENERGY TECHNOLOGY & SERVICES Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20230605 Address after: 300131 No. three, No. 85, Tianjin Road, Hongqiao District, China Patentee after: CNOOC TIANJIN CHEMICAL RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL Corp. Patentee after: TIANJIN ZHENGDA SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. Patentee after: CNOOC ENERGY TECHNOLOGY & SERVICES Ltd. Address before: 300131 No. three, No. 85, Tianjin Road, Hongqiao District, China Patentee before: CNOOC TIANJIN CHEMICAL RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: CHINA NATIONAL OFFSHORE OIL Corp. Patentee before: TIANJIN HAIHUA ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING CO.,LTD. Patentee before: CNOOC ENERGY TECHNOLOGY & SERVICES Ltd. |