CN109628068B - Phase-change heat storage material - Google Patents
Phase-change heat storage material Download PDFInfo
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- CN109628068B CN109628068B CN201811578090.7A CN201811578090A CN109628068B CN 109628068 B CN109628068 B CN 109628068B CN 201811578090 A CN201811578090 A CN 201811578090A CN 109628068 B CN109628068 B CN 109628068B
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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Abstract
A phase-change heat storage material belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials and is prepared by the following specific steps: step one, quartz sand powder, corundum powder, copper oxide and zinc oxide are uniformly mixed according to a proportion, and a screening material A is obtained through heat treatment after pressing forming; step two, uniformly mixing the screening material A, the carbon black and the aluminum oxalate according to a proportion, and performing heat treatment to obtain a grinding material B; and thirdly, uniformly mixing the corundum particles, the corundum powder, the abrasive B, the aluminum-silicon alloy and the thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, and performing compression molding and heat treatment to obtain a finished product.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials, and particularly relates to a phase-change heat storage material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The phase-change heat storage material is mainly used in the fields of industrial residue/waste heat recycling, solar energy comprehensive development, high-temperature energy conservation and the like. At present, a phase-change heat storage material is mainly prepared by a hybrid sintering method and a melt infiltration method, but the phase-change heat storage material has some defects. The mixed sintering method is to mix the base material, the phase change material, the additive and the like evenly, and then to obtain the heat storage material after molding and sintering. The method is relatively simple, but when the sintering temperature is too high or the content of the phase-change material is large, evaporation loss of the phase-change material is caused, so that the heat storage performance of the material is reduced. In order to reduce the loss of the phase-change material in the solid-liquid conversion process, researchers package the phase-change material in a special container, but the heat resistance of the material is increased, the heat transfer efficiency is reduced, and the production cost is increased. The melting infiltration method needs to prepare a porous ceramic material in advance, then infiltrate the liquid phase-change material into the pores of the porous ceramic, and cool to obtain the heat storage material. The method can avoid evaporation loss of the phase-change material and reduce the volume effect in the sintering process. However, the method requires the preparation of a porous ceramic body in advance, the content of the phase change material depends on the pore size and the distribution state of the porous ceramic preform, the process is complicated, and the manufacturing cost is high. In order to ensure the stability of material performance in the heat storage/release process, the heat storage material also needs to have higher mechanical strength, thermal conductivity, thermal shock stability and other performances, but the current heat storage materials are deficient in relevant aspects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a phase-change heat storage material which has the characteristics of high heat storage density, high heat conductivity coefficient, high compressive strength, high thermal shock stability, low production cost, simple process and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the phase change heat storage material is characterized by being prepared by the following specific steps:
firstly, uniformly mixing 40-60wt% of quartz sand powder, 10-30wt% of corundum powder, 5-15wt% of copper oxide and 5-15wt% of zinc oxide according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 50-100MPa, performing heat treatment at 900-1200 ℃ for 1-3 hours, crushing, grinding and screening to obtain a screening material A with the granularity of less than 0.088 mm.
And secondly, uniformly mixing 50-80wt% of the screening material A, 10-30wt% of carbon black and 10-20wt% of aluminum oxalate according to a proportion, carrying out heat treatment at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 300 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and grinding and screening to obtain a grinding material B with the granularity of less than 0.045 mm.
And thirdly, uniformly mixing 20-40wt% of corundum particles, 10-30wt% of corundum powder, 10-30wt% of abrasive B, 20-40wt% of aluminum-silicon alloy and 1-10wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 50-100MPa, and performing heat treatment at 900-1200 ℃ for 1-3 hours to obtain the phase change heat storage material.
SiO in the quartz sand powder2The content of (B) is more than 99wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
The corundum powder and corundum particles are brown corundum or tabular corundum, and Al in the corundum2O3The content of the corundum powder is more than 97wt%, the granularity of the corundum powder is less than 0.088mm, and the granularity of the corundum particles is 0.2-3 mm.
The particle size of the copper oxide is less than 0.088 mm.
The particle size of the zinc oxide is less than 0.088 mm.
The carbon black has an ash content of less than 0.7 wt%.
The content of Si in the aluminum-silicon alloy is more than 10wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
The room temperature viscosity of the thermosetting phenolic resin is less than 11000 centipoises, and the moisture content is less than 14 wt%.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following positive effects:
the invention controls the composition, formation and distribution state of the structure material and the phase change material by adjusting the high-temperature reactivity of the structure material and the phase change material, so that the prepared phase change heat storage material has higher heat storage density.
The invention utilizes the formation characteristics of the structural material to realize the microscopic distribution of the phase-change material, and controls the transformation process state of the phase-change material to adjust the absorption, storage and heat transfer behaviors of the material, so that the prepared phase-change heat storage material has higher heat conductivity coefficient.
According to the invention, by utilizing the high-temperature reaction characteristics of different raw materials, the base material with high refractoriness, high compressive strength, low thermal expansion coefficient and high chemical stability is formed, so that the prepared phase-change heat storage material has high compressive strength and thermal shock stability.
According to the invention, the preparation process is controlled step by step according to the structure and performance characteristics of the phase-change heat storage material, and the processes such as high-temperature calcination are avoided, so that the attenuation of the structure and property of the phase-change material is avoided, and the ingenious control on the structure and performance of the product is realized. Therefore, the raw materials are wide in source, the production process is simple, and the production cost is low.
The performance of the phase-change heat storage material prepared by the invention is detected as follows: the heat storage density is more than 650kJ/kg, the heat conductivity coefficient is more than 6.8W/(m.K), the compressive strength is more than 20MPa, and the thermal shock stability (water cooling at 1100 ℃) is more than 20.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to specific embodiments, without limiting its scope.
In order to avoid repetition, the particle sizes of the raw materials related to the present embodiment are uniformly described as follows, and are not described in detail in the examples:
SiO in the quartz sand powder2The content of (B) is more than 99wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
The corundum powder and corundum particles are brown corundum or tabular corundum, and Al in the corundum2O3The content of the corundum powder is more than 97wt percent, and the corundum powder particlesThe degree is less than 0.088mm, and the granularity of corundum particles is 0.2-3 mm.
The particle size of the copper oxide is less than 0.088 mm.
The particle size of the zinc oxide is less than 0.088 mm.
The carbon black has an ash content of less than 0.7 wt%.
The content of Si in the aluminum-silicon alloy is more than 10wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
The room temperature viscosity of the thermosetting phenolic resin is less than 11000 centipoises, and the moisture content is less than 14 wt%.
Example 1
Firstly, uniformly mixing 40wt% of quartz sand powder, 30wt% of corundum powder, 15wt% of copper oxide and 15wt% of zinc oxide according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 100MPa, performing heat treatment at 900 ℃ for 3 hours, crushing, grinding and screening to obtain a screening material A with the granularity of less than 0.088 mm.
And secondly, uniformly mixing 50wt% of the screening material A, 30wt% of carbon black and 20wt% of aluminum oxalate according to a ratio, carrying out heat treatment at 300 ℃ for 1 hour, and grinding and screening to obtain a grinding material B with the granularity of less than 0.045 mm.
And thirdly, uniformly mixing 20wt% of corundum particles, 30wt% of corundum powder, 15wt% of grinding material B, 30wt% of aluminum-silicon alloy and 5wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 100MPa, and performing heat treatment at 1000 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the phase change heat storage material.
The performance of the phase-change heat storage material prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the heat storage density is more than 700kJ/kg, the heat conductivity coefficient is more than 7.0W/(m.K), the compressive strength is more than 20MPa, and the thermal shock stability (water cooling at 1100 ℃) is more than 20.
Example 2
Firstly, uniformly mixing 50wt% of quartz sand powder, 30wt% of corundum powder, 15wt% of copper oxide and 5wt% of zinc oxide according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 50MPa, performing heat treatment at 1000 ℃ for 2 hours, crushing, grinding and screening to obtain a screening material A with the granularity of less than 0.088 mm.
And secondly, uniformly mixing 60wt% of the screening material A, 30wt% of carbon black and 10wt% of aluminum oxalate according to a ratio, carrying out heat treatment at 200 ℃ for 2 hours, and grinding and screening to obtain a grinding material B with the granularity of less than 0.045 mm.
And thirdly, uniformly mixing 30wt% of corundum particles, 10wt% of corundum powder, 10wt% of abrasive B, 40wt% of aluminum-silicon alloy and 10wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 80MPa, and performing heat treatment at 1200 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the phase-change heat storage material.
The performance of the phase-change heat storage material prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the heat storage density is more than 750kJ/kg, the heat conductivity coefficient is more than 6.8W/(m.K), the compressive strength is more than 30MPa, and the thermal shock stability (water cooling at 1100 ℃) is more than 20.
Example 3
Firstly, uniformly mixing 60wt% of quartz sand powder, 10wt% of corundum powder, 15wt% of copper oxide and 15wt% of zinc oxide according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 70MPa, performing heat treatment at 1000 ℃ for 2 hours, crushing, grinding and screening to obtain a screening material A with the granularity of less than 0.088 mm.
And secondly, uniformly mixing 65wt% of the screening material A, 20wt% of carbon black and 15wt% of aluminum oxalate according to a ratio, carrying out heat treatment at 150 ℃ for 3 hours, and grinding and screening to obtain a grinding material B with the granularity of less than 0.045 mm.
And thirdly, uniformly mixing 40wt% of corundum particles, 20wt% of corundum powder, 19wt% of grinding material B, 20wt% of aluminum-silicon alloy and 1wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 60MPa, and performing heat treatment at 1100 ℃ for 1 hour to obtain the phase change heat storage material.
The performance of the phase-change heat storage material prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the heat storage density is more than 700kJ/kg, the heat conductivity coefficient is more than 8.0W/(m.K), the compressive strength is more than 20MPa, and the thermal shock stability (water cooling at 1100 ℃) is more than 20.
Example 4
Step one, uniformly mixing 60wt% of quartz sand powder, 20wt% of corundum powder, 10wt% of copper oxide and 10wt% of zinc oxide according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 80MPa, performing heat treatment at 1100 ℃ for 2 hours, crushing, grinding and screening to obtain a screening material A with the granularity of less than 0.088 mm.
And secondly, uniformly mixing 80wt% of the screening material A, 10wt% of carbon black and 10wt% of aluminum oxalate according to a ratio, carrying out heat treatment at 200 ℃ for 2 hours, and grinding and screening to obtain a grinding material B with the granularity of less than 0.045 mm.
And thirdly, uniformly mixing 25wt% of corundum particles, 15wt% of corundum powder, 30wt% of grinding material B, 22wt% of aluminum-silicon alloy and 8wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 70MPa, and performing heat treatment at 900 ℃ for 3 hours to obtain the phase-change heat storage material.
The performance of the phase-change heat storage material prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the heat storage density is more than 750kJ/kg, the heat conductivity coefficient is more than 6.8W/(m.K), the compressive strength is more than 30MPa, and the thermal shock stability (water cooling at 1100 ℃) is more than 20.
Example 5
Firstly, uniformly mixing 60wt% of quartz sand powder, 25wt% of corundum powder, 5wt% of copper oxide and 10wt% of zinc oxide according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 90MPa, performing heat treatment at 1200 ℃ for 1 hour, and crushing, grinding and screening to obtain a screening material A with the granularity of less than 0.088 mm.
And secondly, uniformly mixing 70wt% of the screening material A, 15wt% of carbon black and 15wt% of aluminum oxalate according to a ratio, carrying out heat treatment at 250 ℃ for 3 hours, and grinding and screening to obtain a grinding material B with the granularity of less than 0.045 mm.
And thirdly, uniformly mixing 30wt% of corundum particles, 20wt% of corundum powder, 20wt% of abrasive B, 25wt% of aluminum-silicon alloy and 5wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 50MPa, and performing heat treatment at 1000 ℃ for 2 hours to obtain the phase-change heat storage material.
The performance of the phase-change heat storage material prepared by the embodiment is detected as follows: the heat storage density is more than 700kJ/kg, the heat conductivity coefficient is more than 6.8W/(m.K), the compressive strength is more than 30MPa, and the thermal shock stability (water cooling at 1100 ℃) is more than 20.
Claims (8)
1. The phase change heat storage material is characterized by being prepared by the following specific steps:
step one, uniformly mixing 40-60wt% of quartz sand powder, 10-30wt% of corundum powder, 5-15wt% of copper oxide and 5-15wt% of zinc oxide according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 50-100MPa, performing heat treatment at 900-1200 ℃ for 1-3 hours, crushing, grinding and screening to obtain a screening material A with the granularity of less than 0.088 mm;
secondly, uniformly mixing 50-80wt% of the screening material A, 10-30wt% of carbon black and 10-20wt% of aluminum oxalate according to a proportion, carrying out heat treatment at the temperature of 150 ℃ and 300 ℃ for 1-3 hours, and grinding and screening to obtain a grinding material B with the granularity of less than 0.045 mm;
and thirdly, uniformly mixing 20-40wt% of corundum particles, 10-30wt% of corundum powder, 10-30wt% of abrasive B, 20-40wt% of aluminum-silicon alloy and 1-10wt% of thermosetting phenolic resin according to a proportion, performing compression molding under 50-100MPa, and performing heat treatment at 900-1200 ℃ for 1-3 hours to obtain the phase change heat storage material.
2. The phase-change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein SiO is contained in the quartz sand powder2The content of (B) is more than 99wt%, and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
3. The phase-change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein the corundum powder and corundum particles are brown corundum or tabular corundum, and Al in corundum is2O3The content of the corundum powder is more than 97wt%, the granularity of the corundum powder is less than 0.088mm, and the granularity of the corundum particles is 0.2-3 mm.
4. A phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein the particle size of the copper oxide is less than 0.088 mm.
5. A phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein the zinc oxide has a particle size of less than 0.088 mm.
6. A phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, characterized in that the ash content of the carbon black is less than 0.7 wt%.
7. A phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, characterized in that the content of Si in the aluminium-silicon alloy is more than 10wt% and the particle size is less than 0.088 mm.
8. A phase change heat storage material according to claim 1, wherein the thermosetting phenol-formaldehyde resin has a room temperature viscosity of less than 11000 cps and a moisture content of less than 14 wt%.
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