CN109627352A - A kind of decoloration process of corn silk polysaccharide - Google Patents

A kind of decoloration process of corn silk polysaccharide Download PDF

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CN109627352A
CN109627352A CN201811413024.4A CN201811413024A CN109627352A CN 109627352 A CN109627352 A CN 109627352A CN 201811413024 A CN201811413024 A CN 201811413024A CN 109627352 A CN109627352 A CN 109627352A
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polysaccharide
cotton
corn silk
decoloration
deae
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CN109627352B (en
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周鸿立
李亚平
王晓雪
胡征宇
田海苹
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Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology
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    • C08B37/00Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of corn silk polysaccharide discoloration methods, using percent of decolourization and polysaccharide retention rate as index, using 100mg corn silk polysaccharide as sample, obtaining optimum process condition is 100 ~ 110mL of elution volume, elution speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5mL/min, and cotton like DEAE dosage is 6.5 ~ 7.5g.The percent of decolourization of this technique reaches 85 ~ 95%, and polysaccharide retention rate reaches 90 ~ 95%.The present invention is efficient, convenient, provides a kind of effective new method for the purifying of polysaccharide.

Description

A kind of decoloration process of corn silk polysaccharide
Technical field
The present invention relates to health food chemical fields, especially with cotton like DEAE cellulose to one kind of corn silk polysaccharide Decoloration process.
Background technique
Ingredient much beneficial to human body is contained, comprising: volatile alkaloid, flavones, soap in corn stigma main product the Northeast Glycosides, sterol, polysaccharide etc., wherein corn silk polysaccharide has anti-oxidant, antifatigue, enhances immunity of organisms, and tumour cell is inhibited to increase Value and other effects.But when extracting Stigma Maydis crude polysaccharides, pigment is also easy to be extracted, deeper color is not only interfered more The purity of sugar, the research in terms of having an effect on the qualitative, quantitative of polysaccharide, isolating and purifying and is active, so needing to decolourize to polysaccharide Processing.In the extracting and developing purification process of corn silk polysaccharide, the decoloration of polysaccharide is an important link.Consulted related text It is more to the report of polysaccharide decoloration both at home and abroad at present after offering, but due to polysaccharide origin difference, discoloration method is also not quite similar, has Active carbon adsorption, Amberlyst process, hydrogen peroxide decoloring method.Peng Yaling etc. compares 6 kinds of resins to violet passion fruit pectin The effect of polysaccharide decoloration, it is determined that polyamide decolorizing efficiency is best, optimum condition are as follows: sample volume 3.5BV, 3 BV/ of flow velocity H, pH 3.5, percent of decolourization 52.78%, galacturonic acid retention rate are 85.62%, the results showed that polyamide sends out the decoloration to polysaccharide Effect is preferable.But decolorization operations are complicated, processing is difficult, and polysaccharide loss rate is big.Zhou Hongli et al. has probed into jade using active carbon The decoloration process of rice palpus polysaccharide, activated carbon dosage 2%, bleaching time 80min, heating temperature is 60 DEG C, and percent of decolourization is 14.76%, loss late is 13.01%, and active carbon adsorption has the characteristics that physicochemical property that is safe and nontoxic, will not destroying polysaccharide, But percent of decolourization is low.Gong Chunyu et al. has probed into the decoloration process of corn silk polysaccharide absorption method, polysaccharide concentration 2 using D301R resin Mg/mL, bleaching time 40m in, 7 g of resin content (weight in wet base, 0.35 g/m L), 40 DEG C of bleaching temperature, practical percent of decolourization are 79.6%, the results showed that after macroreticular resin has good decolorizing effect, but polysaccharide concentration increases, decolorizing effect will become very It is undesirable.Then the technique that Gong Chunyu et al. decolourizes to corn silk polysaccharide using response surface optimization hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide Additive amount 0.15: 1(V: V), pH 12, decolourize 3 h, and 40 DEG C of bleaching temperature.Using this technique, in 10 mg/mL of polysaccharide concentration When, the practical percent of decolourization of corn silk polysaccharide is up to 69.3%, polysaccharide retention rate 60.1%.Hydrogen peroxide has good corn as the result is shown Palpus decolorization, but hydroperoxidation condition is violent, can destroy polysaccharide, and in decolorization, since hydrogen peroxide can produce When giving birth to a large amount of bubbles, therefore using this method, the requirement to equipment and operation is higher than adsorption decoloring method.Zhao Wenzhu et al. uses anti-glue Beam solution decoloring method removes the colors in corn silk polysaccharide, and percent of decolourization reaches 91.43%, and polysaccharide recovery reaches 77.59%, the monosaccharide group for determining corn silk polysaccharide after purification becomes mannose, galactolipin, xylose, arabinose and fructose five Kind monosaccharide.Sun Xiaoxue et al. has probed into the technique of DEAE cellulose purification corn stigma total starches, and best purifying process is applied sample amount 0.75BV can be more fully hereinafter by neutral total starches and acidity respectively with the elution of the 0.1mol/L NaCl solution of 10BV water and 15BV Total starches elute;Neutral polysaccharide and acidic polysaccharose account for the 30.43% and 58.88% of total starches respectively, and purity is respectively increased About 2.5 and 2 times, this method effect purification effect is preferable, but DEAE-52 is expensive, is not suitable for the high-volume of corn silk polysaccharide Purifying.And polysaccharide often exists in the form of acid heteroglycan uronic acid, uronic acid itself or contains uronic acid structural unit Oligosaccharide and polysaccharide show highly important bioactivity, so should improve uronic acid as far as possible during polysaccharide purification Retention rate.To solve this problem, this technique decolourizes to corn silk polysaccharide using cotton like DEAE cellulose, response surface analysis Method optimization.Cotton like DEAE cellulose is anion exchange resin, is more advantageous to the reservation of uronic acid, and less expensive, renewable, Purification effect is relatively good, is suitble to the purifying of polysaccharide.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of cotton like DEAE cellulose to the decoloration process of Stigma Maydis crude polysaccharides.
It is an object of the invention to: a kind of discoloration method using cotton like DEAE cellulose to Stigma Maydis crude polysaccharides, the party are provided Method is convenient, pollution-free, cheap, reusable, and decolorizing effect is good, and polysaccharide retention rate is high, and it is slightly more to improve corn stigma The purification efficiency of sugar, can be used for industrialized production.
It is decolourized herein using cotton like DEAE cellulose to corn silk polysaccharide, and is response with percent of decolourization and polysaccharide retention rate Value, using the optimal parameter of Responds Surface Methodology optimization decoloration process.For corn silk polysaccharide purifying provide it is efficient and convenient Purification process.
A kind of technique as described in claim 1 decolourized using cotton like DEAE cellulose to corn silk polysaccharide, it is characterised in that press Following steps carry out:
(1) preparation of Stigma Maydis crude polysaccharides: taking dry corn stigma 30g according to 90 DEG C of extraction 1h of 1:30 liquid-to-solid ratio, be repeated twice, and closes And filtrate, it is concentrated into the 1/10 of filtrate volume, 95% ethyl alcohol is added to static 12h at 80%, 4 DEG C, centrifugation, sediment fraction acetone Washing, freeze-drying, obtains Thick many candies powder, and polyoses content is 18.82%(g/g in Stigma Maydis crude polysaccharides).
(2) pretreatment of cotton like DEAE cellulose: weighing a certain amount of DEAE cellulose, for 24 hours with sufficient distilled water immersion, so 3h is impregnated with the NaOH of 0.5mol/L afterwards, is filtered, is washed to neutrality with distillation, then with 0.5mol/L HCl immersion 3h, is washed till Property, it drains spare.
(3) the single factor test optimal conditions that single factor experiment finds out decoloration, such as effluent volume, elution speed, cotton like are first passed through DEAE cellulose dosage.
(4) on the basis of experiment of single factor, using solid-liquid ratio, extraction time, pH value as influence factor, 3 levels are respectively taken, are used The response surface analysis experiment of center combination design Box-Behnken design Three factors-levels optimizes decoloration process, obtains Optimum process, i.e. effluent volume are 100 ~ 110mL, and elution speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5mL/min, and cotton like DEAE cellulose dosage is 6.5~7.5g。
(5) optimum process that response surface obtains is verified, this technique percent of decolourization reaches 85% ~ 91%, and polysaccharide retention rate reaches 90% ~ 93.61%, purity of polysaccharide reaches 70% ~ 76%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is influence of the effluent volume to corn silk polysaccharide decolorizing effect;Fig. 2 is that elution speed is de- to corn silk polysaccharide The influence of color effect;Fig. 3 is the influence that DEAE dosage decolourizes to corn silk polysaccharide.
Specific embodiment
Specific introduce is made to the present invention below in conjunction with chart and specific implementation operation.
The preparation of one Stigma Maydis crude polysaccharides of embodiment
It takes dry corn stigma 30g according to 90 DEG C of extraction 1h of 1:30 liquid-to-solid ratio, is repeated twice, merging filtrate is concentrated into filtrate volume 1/10,95% ethyl alcohol is added to static 12h at 80%, 4 DEG C, centrifugation, sediment fraction acetone washing, freeze-drying obtains slightly more Icing Sugar end 2.232g, purity of polysaccharide 18.82%.
The measurement and calculating of two percent of decolourization of embodiment and polysaccharide retention rate
It is decolourized after purification to corn stigma, the absorbance of polysaccharide solution, calculates percent of decolourization before and after measurement decoloration at 420nm. Using polyoses content of the phend-sulphuric acid before and after measurement decoloration at 490nm, polysaccharide retention rate is calculated.Using an xenol Method measures the content of uronic acid in polysaccharide before and after decoloration at 528nm, calculates uronic acid retention rate.
Percent of decolourization (%)=(ABefore decoloration-AAfter decoloration)/AAfter decoloration×100%
Polysaccharide retention rate (%)=MPolysaccharide after decoloration/MPolysaccharide before decolourizing×100%
Uronic acid retention rate (%)=MUronic acid after decoloration/MUronic acid before decolourizing×100%
Three AB-8 macroreticular resin of embodiment decolourizes to corn silk polysaccharide
The pretreatment of AB-8 macroreticular resin: being impregnated for 24 hours with 95% ethyl alcohol, and wet method dress post after making it sufficiently be swollen and tentatively clean is used The flowing cleaning of 95% ethyl alcohol, checks frequently, until efflux mixes (1:5) with water without white opacity, is then washed to distillation Without alcohol taste.
Resin volume is 50mL, prepares the corn silk polysaccharide solution of 2mg/mL, and loading volume is that 50mL flow velocity is 2 ~ 3 BV/h.
AB-8 macroreticular resin decolourizes to corn silk polysaccharide, and percent of decolourization is 76.92% ± 2.34%, and polysaccharide retention rate is 52.2% ± 1.89%, uronic acid retention rate is 41.89% ± 1.45%
The processing of four cotton like DEAE cellulose of embodiment
A certain amount of DEAE cellulose is weighed, for 24 hours with sufficient distilled water immersion, then impregnates 3h with the NaOH of 0.5mol/L, It filters, is washed to neutrality with distillation, then impregnate 3h with 0.5mol/L HCl, is washed till neutrality, drains spare.
Embodiment five determines the best single factor test condition of decoloration process
In order to probe into the best single factor test condition of corn silk polysaccharide polychrome technique, effluent volume, elution speed, cotton like are chosen Three factors of DEAE cellulose dosage find out single factor test using polysaccharide percent of decolourization and polysaccharide retention rate as response for influence factor Optimum level.
(1) influence of the effluent volume to corn silk polysaccharide decolorizing effect
Above-mentioned Thick many candies 100mg is taken, 10mL distilled water is added, upper cotton like DEAE cellulose chromatographic column, control after all dissolutions Elution speed is 2mL/min, and cotton like DEAE mass is 7g, investigate effluent volume (60mL, 80mL, 100mL, 120mL, 140mL) to the influence of polysaccharide purification.
By Figure of description Fig. 1 it is found that polysaccharide percent of decolourization reaches maximum value, polysaccharide retention rate when effluent volume is 100mL It is all gradually increased, but increasing degree is maximum when 100mL, as volume increases retention rate not too big effect, with Effluent volume increases, and polysaccharide retention rate is gradually reduced, so decolorizing effect is best when effluent volume selection 100mL, polysaccharide Retention rate is also higher.
(2) influence of the elution speed to corn silk polysaccharide decolorizing effect
Above-mentioned Thick many candies 100mg is taken, 10mL distilled water is added, upper cotton like DEAE cellulose chromatographic column, control after all dissolutions Effluent volume is 100mL, and cotton like DEAE mass is 7g, investigate flow velocity (1mL/min, 2mL/min, 3mL/min, 4mL/min, 5mL/min) to the influence of purity of polysaccharide.
It is found that as elution speed improves, polysaccharide retention rate and percent of decolourization change significantly Figure of description Fig. 2, and big Body trend be it is identical, elution speed be 3mL/min when, percent of decolourization and polysaccharide retention rate reach maximum value, thus selection 3mL/min is optimum flow rate.
(3) influence that DEAE dosage decolourizes to corn silk polysaccharide
Above-mentioned Thick many candies 100mg is taken, 10mL distilled water is added, upper cotton like DEAE cellulose chromatographic column, control after all dissolutions Elution speed is 2mL/min, effluent volume 100mL, investigates the dosage (3g, 5g, 7g, 9g, 11g, 13g) of cotton like DEAE to more The influence of sugared purification effect.
By Figure of description Fig. 3 it is found that with DEAE mass increase, percent of decolourization is improving always, and polysaccharide retention rate exists It is reduced again after polysaccharide retention rate increases when DEAE mass is 7g, in order to reduce polysaccharide loss, and can have preferable decoloration Effect selects 7g for best DEAE mass.
By experiment of single factor result it is found that the best single factor test condition of corn silk polysaccharide decoloration process is;Effluent volume 100mL, elution speed 3mL/min, cotton like DEAE dosage are 7g.
Six Box-Benhnken central combination design of embodiment probes into decoloration optimum process
On the basis of experiment of single factor, using center combination design Box-Behnken design scheme, chooses elution speed, washes Three de- liquid product, cotton like DEAE mass factors design Three factors-levels using corn silk polysaccharide solution percent of decolourization as response Response surface analysis experiment, three horizontal uses -1,0,1 of each factor are encoded, such as table 1.
1 response surface empirical factor water-glass of table
Response surface experimental design and result by the experimental design function of Design-Expert 8.0.6 statistical analysis software it is found that Using the percent of decolourization of corn silk polysaccharide as response, with elution speed (A), effluent volume (B), DEAE mass (C) for variable, build The center combination design of vertical Three factors-levels includes 17 groups of experimental programs, and each experimental program carries out three groups of measurements and is averaged Value.Specific experiment design such as table 2.
2 Box-Behnken experimental design of table and result
The analysis of 3 Box-Behnken test statistics of table
Note: P>0.05 is not significant, and P<0.0001 is extremely significant
The foundation of model and conspicuousness and inspection
It is analyzed using Design-Expert 8.0.6 software and is fitted recurrence by data in regression analysis Table 2, washed Three de- speed (A), effluent volume (B), DEAE dosage (C) factors are to the quadratic regression equation percent of decolourization of the percent of decolourization of polysaccharide =90.82-1.48A-0.70B-0.11C-1.46AB-1.93AC+1.4BC+0.059A2-1.06B2-6.06C2.In order to examine jade The validity of rice palpus polysaccharide purification technique regression equation, carries out significance test to above-mentioned equation, as a result such as table 3, is divided by variance Analysing regression equation can be with virtualphase is not significant (P>0.05), and model group is extremely significant (P<0.0001), the R of percent of decolourization2= 0.9866, R(Adj) 2=0.9694, illustrate that the models fitting is good, model is set up.Influence polysaccharide decolorizing effect secondary factors be Cotton like DEAE cellulose dosage > effluent volume > elution speed.
By the analysis of regression model, it is 100 ~ 110mL, elution speed that the optimum process that can determine decoloration, which is effluent volume, For 2.5 ~ 3.5mL/min, cotton like DEAE cellulose dosage is 6.5 ~ 7.5g.By verification test, the percent of decolourization of this technique reaches 85% ~ 91%, polysaccharide retention rate reaches 90% ~ 93.61%, and uronic acid retention rate reaches 75% ~ 84%.With the decoloration of AB-8 macroreticular resin Effect is compared, and the percent of decolourization and polysaccharide retention rate of cotton like DEAE cellulose are relatively high.After the decoloration of cotton like DEAE cellulose, Purity of polysaccharide reaches 70% ~ 76%.
Embodiment seven after purification in corn silk polysaccharide monosaccharide component and its molecular weight measurement
1, the measurement of monosaccharide composition
Corn silk polysaccharide sample after purification is accurately weighed, is placed in reaction kettle, the trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) of 3mL 2mol/L is added Solution, sealing, which is put into 110 DEG C of baking ovens, hydrolyzes 5h, and supernatant is taken to be evaporated, and is washed repeatedly 3 times with methanol, is evaporated hydrolysate.
Above-mentioned hydrolysate is taken, is dissolved in water and is settled to 10mL, accurately pipettes in 0.2mL and glass centrifuge tube, is separately added into The methanol solution of the 1- phenyl -3- methyl -5- pyrazoles beautiful jade ketone (PMP) of 0.2mL 0.5mol/L and the hydrogen-oxygen of 0.2mL 0.3mol/L Change sodium solution in 70 DEG C of heating water bath 60min, the hydrochloric acid solution that 0.2mL 0.3mol/L is added after cooling neutralizes, and adds 1mL Chloroform extraction, centrifugation are removed supernatant, are repeated 3 times, and are diluted with water that be settled to 5mL spare.
HPLC condition: splitter: ODS2 C18Column (250 × 4.6mm2, 5 μm), mobile phase: acetonitrile -0.05mol/mL phosphate is slow Rush pH=6.8(18:82), flow velocity: 0.8mL/min, column temperature: 30 DEG C, UV detector, Detection wavelength 245nm, sample volume is 20μL.Mannose, ribose, rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, glucose, galactolipin, xylose, arabinose, rock Algae sugar is as standard items.
Measuring monosaccharide in corn silk polysaccharide after purification and its molar ratio is Man:Rib:Rha:GluA:GalA:Glu: Gal: Xyl: Arab: Fuc=27.9: 1: 10.2: 7.3: 13.2: 41.6: 51.4: 8.6: 14.7: 3.7。
Compared with other discoloration methods, the composition of monosaccharide contained by the corn silk polysaccharide after cotton like DEAE cellulose purification is more rich Richness, the monosaccharide containing the active effect such as uronic acid and galactolipin.
2. the measurement of corn silk polysaccharide molecular weight
The corn silk polysaccharide solution of 2mg/mL is prepared, it is spare with 0.45 μm of membrane filtration.Data processing uses N2000 GPC color Spectrum work station is recorded.Use the glucan of the different molecular weights size such as T-40, T-70, T-100, T-400 as standard respectively Product establish calibration curve
HPLC condition: splitter: KS-804 sephadex column (8.0 × 300mm2), mobile phase: ultrapure water, flow velocity: 0.8 ML/min, column temperature: 50 DEG C, detector temperature: 35 DEG C, differential refraction detector.
Corn silk polysaccharide molecular weight ranges are 30 ~ 1230 kDa after purification.
According to the experimental results, it is decolourized using cotton like DEAE to polysaccharide, technological operation is convenient, and percent of decolourization and polysaccharide retain Rate is high, greatly increases the purification efficiency of polysaccharide, for polysaccharide isolate and purify provide it is a kind of new efficient and convenient pure Change method.

Claims (5)

1. the optimization based on corn silk polysaccharide decoloration process, it is characterised in that carried out with cotton like DEAE cellulose to corn silk polysaccharide Decoloration, comprising the following steps:
(1) experiment of single factor, using 100mg corn silk polysaccharide as sample, to its effluent volume, elution speed, cotton like DEAE is fine It ties up plain dosage to be probed into, obtain best single factor test condition: effluent volume is 100 ± 2mL, and elution speed is 3 ± 0.26mL/ Min, cotton like DEAE cellulose dosage are 7 ± 0.17g;
(2) on the basis of experiment of single factor, using the sound of center combination design Box-Behnken design Three factors-levels It answers surface analysis to test, show that decoloration optimum process, i.e. 100 ~ 110mL of effluent volume, elution speed are 2.5 ~ 3.5mL/min, Cotton like DEAE dosage is 6.5 ~ 7.5g.
2. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that this polysaccharide decoloration process is using cotton like DEAE cellulose.
3. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step (2), resulting best decoloration process condition is washed De- liquid product is 100 ~ 110mL, and elution speed is 2.5 ~ 3.5mL/min, and cotton like DEAE cellulose dosage is 6.5 ~ 7.5g.
4. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that monosaccharide and its molar ratio are in corn silk polysaccharide after purification Man: Rib: Rha: GluA: GalA: Glu: Gal: Xyl: Arab: Fuc=27.9: 1: 10.2: 7.3: 13.2: 41.6:51.4:8.6:14.7:3.7 wherein the monosaccharide containing the active effect such as uronic acid and galactolipin.
5. application as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that corn silk polysaccharide molecular weight ranges after purification are 30 ~ 1230 kDa。
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