CN109623494A - A kind of three-in-one sensor fixture and multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitor system - Google Patents
A kind of three-in-one sensor fixture and multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitor system Download PDFInfo
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- CN109623494A CN109623494A CN201910108390.7A CN201910108390A CN109623494A CN 109623494 A CN109623494 A CN 109623494A CN 201910108390 A CN201910108390 A CN 201910108390A CN 109623494 A CN109623494 A CN 109623494A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
- B23Q17/0957—Detection of tool breakage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three-in-one sensor fixtures and multi-modal cutting-tool wear state to monitor system, is related to machining monitoring technical field.The three-in-one sensor fixture includes chuck body, fixing cutter platform, vibrating sensor, acoustic emission sensor and cutting force snesor.Cutting force snesor is fixedly installed on chuck body, and fixing cutter platform is fixedly installed on cutting force snesor, and fixing cutter platform has the installation space of installation cutting tool, vibrating sensor and acoustic emission sensor for being fixed on cutting tool.Multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitoring system includes numerically-controlled machine tool, controller and three-in-one sensor fixture.Three-in-one sensor fixture is fixedly installed on numerically-controlled machine tool, and three kinds of sensors are electrically connected with the controller, and fixture design is reasonable, be integrated with three kinds of sensors, can accurate detection data-signal in real time, guarantee precision, it realizes the front end monitoring function of cutting monitoring system, promotes measurement stability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to machining monitoring technical field, in particular to a kind of three-in-one sensor fixture and more
Mode cutting-tool wear state monitors system.
Background technique
Machining monitoring is to realize the key technology of intelligence manufacture, is equipped with the numerically-controlled machine tool of machining monitoring system
Can accurately and timely the state of wear of reacting processing state and cutter, by process cutting force, sound emission and
Vibration Condition is monitored, analyzes, and can more reliably understand the cutting-tool wear state of process, so as to processing staff's conjunction
Reason adjustment processing conditions, can reduce downtime, to extend cutter life, reduce processing cost, guarantee machining accuracy with
And reduce the energy consumption of lathe.
However, cutting dynamometer realizes the monitoring for cutting three axis force in process, and then it may determine that cutting state
Certain variation tendency, still, can not react cutter interior shearing, strain situations such as, cannot function as tool wear differentiation
Accurate foundation；Acoustic emission signal contains cutting state information abundant, and signal intensity is fairly obvious before and after tool failure, but
It is to change in wear stage to every machining state not sensitive enough；Vibration signal contains many process features, but vibrates
Signal is influenced by machining condition and conditions of machine tool, is difficult to accurately determine tool wear situation only according to vibration signal.
Therefore, the relationship for studying cutting force, sound emission and vibration and cutter, analyzes the mill of cutter in process
Damage state, reasonably to adjust processing conditions, to extend cutter life.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of three-in-one sensor fixtures, integrate vibrating sensor, acoustic emission sensor
And cutting force snesor, accurate detection data-signal, guarantee precision, realization it can cut the front end prison of monitoring system in real time
Brake promotes measurement stability.
The embodiment of the present invention is achieved in that
Based on above-mentioned purpose, the embodiment provides a kind of three-in-one sensor fixture, including it is chuck body, solid
Stationary knife platform, vibrating sensor, acoustic emission sensor and cutting force snesor, the chuck body includes mounting surface, described to cut
It cuts force snesor and is fixedly installed on the mounting surface, the fixing cutter platform is fixedly installed on the cutting force snesor away from described
The side of mounting surface, the fixing cutter platform have the installation space of installation cutting tool, the vibrating sensor and sound hair
Sensor is penetrated for being fixed on cutting tool.
In addition, the three-in-one sensor fixture that embodiment according to the present invention provides, can also have following additional skill
Art feature:
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the chuck body includes that the first fixing piece being fixedly connected and second are fixed
Part, the mounting surface are located at first fixing piece, and second fixing piece is located at the fixing end of first fixing piece, and institute
The second fixing piece is stated for being fixedly connected with the knife tower of lathe.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, first fixing piece is Z-shaped structure, and includes successively fixed section, leads
To section and construction section, the mounting surface is located at the construction section close to the side of the guide section；
Second fixing piece is U-shaped structure, and sets slot including card, the fixed section be inserted in it is described block set slot and with
Second fixing piece is fixedly connected.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the fixing cutter platform includes playscript with stage directions body, movable pressing board and locking member；
The playscript with stage directions body is fixedly installed on the cutting force snesor, and offers tool mounting hole, the playscript with stage directions body tool
There are adjacent the first fixation wall and the second fixation wall, first fixation wall and second fixation wall offer adjusting bar shaped
Hole；
The movable pressing board is embedded at the tool mounting hole, and the knife handle for cutting tool cooperates, the locking
Part passes through the adjusting strip-shaped hole and is connected to the movable pressing board.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the cross section of the movable pressing board is L-type structure, and the movable pressing board includes
First abutting part and the second abutting part, first abutting part and second abutting part are formed for the knife handle with cutting tool
The angle to match；
The locking member is two groups, and including the first locking group and the second locking group, the first locking group is across described
The adjusting strip-shaped hole of first fixation wall, and abutted with first abutting part, the second locking group is fixed across described second
The adjusting strip-shaped hole of wall, and abutted with second abutting part.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the end of the movable pressing board includes the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion,
First mounting portion and second mounting portion can be corresponding with the close cutter head position of cutting tool, the vibrating sensing
Device is fixed on first mounting portion, and the acoustic emission sensor is fixed on second mounting portion.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, first mounting portion and second mounting portion are along the movable pressing board
Extending direction distribution, second mounting portion is relative to first mounting portion close to end.
Monitor system the present invention also provides a kind of multi-modal cutting-tool wear state, including numerically-controlled machine tool, controller and
Three-in-one sensor fixture；
The three-in-one sensor fixture is fixedly installed on the knife tower of the numerically-controlled machine tool, the vibrating sensor, described
Acoustic emission sensor and the cutting force snesor are electrically connected with the controller.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the controller includes power amplifier, data collecting card and monitoring mould
Block；
The vibrating sensor, the acoustic emission sensor and the cutting force snesor respectively with the power amplification
The input terminal of device is electrically connected, and transmits signal to the power amplifier；
The electrical connection of the input terminal of the output end of the power amplifier and the data collecting card, the data collecting card
The electrical connection of the input terminal of output end and the monitoring modular, the data collecting card receive signal and transmit signal to the monitoring
Module.
In alternative embodiment of the invention, the controller further includes machine tool motion board, the machine tool motion board
Input terminal be electrically connected with the monitoring modular, the output end of the machine tool motion board is electrically connected with the numerically-controlled machine tool；
The machine tool motion board receives the instruction that the monitoring modular issues, and controls the numerically-controlled machine tool movement.
The beneficial effect of the embodiment of the present invention is: the fixture is integrated with cutting force snesor, acoustic emission sensor and vibration
Dynamic sensor, is able to detect three kinds of signals, fully differentiates and cuts using being associated with for unlike signal and abrasion of cutting tool situation
Data acquisition, data processing, data storage and data readback function are integrated, be may be implemented by the state of wear of cutting knife tool
Processing on-line monitoring and feedback control reduce processing cost to reach extension cutter life, guarantee machining accuracy.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, below will be to needed in the embodiment attached
Figure is briefly described, it should be understood that the following drawings illustrates only certain embodiments of the present invention, therefore is not construed as pair
The restriction of range for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also be according to this
A little attached drawings obtain other relevant attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the three-in-one sensor fixture that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that three-in-one sensor fixture is installed on knife tower；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of chuck body in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the decomposition diagram of chuck body in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of fixing cutter platform in Fig. 1；
Fig. 6 is the decomposition diagram of fixing cutter platform；
Fig. 7 is that the multi-modal cutting-tool wear state that the embodiment of the present invention 2 provides monitors system block diagram；
Fig. 8 is the workflow schematic diagram that multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitors system；
Fig. 9 is the working principle diagram that multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitors system；
Figure 10 is to differentiate flow chart in multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitoring system.
Icon: 100- three-in-one sensor fixture；1- vibrating sensor；2- acoustic emission sensor；3- cuts force snesor；
4- knife tower；10- chuck body；The first fixing piece of 102-；103- fixed section；104- construction section；1045- mounting surface；105- second
Fixing piece；1055- card sets slot；15- fixing cutter platform；16- playscript with stage directions body；The first fixation wall of 162-；The second fixation wall of 165-；167- tune
Save strip-shaped hole；17- movable pressing board；The first mounting portion of 172-；The second mounting portion of 174-；18- locking member；20- cutting tool；200-
Multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitors system；22- power amplifier；24- data collecting card；26- monitoring modular；27- lathe fortune
Movable plate card.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.
Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiment of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit below claimed
The scope of the present invention, but be merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field is common
Technical staff's every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to the model that the present invention protects
It encloses.
It should also be noted that similar label and letter indicate similar terms in following attached drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in a attached drawing, does not then need that it is further defined and explained in subsequent attached drawing.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are only used for distinguishing and retouch
It states, is not understood to indicate or imply relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to which explanation is unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " setting ",
" connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can be
Mechanical connection, is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, two can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
Connection inside element.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood in the present invention with concrete condition
In concrete meaning.
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing, but the present invention can be defined by the claims
Implement with the multitude of different ways of covering.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of three-in-one sensor fixture 100 provided in this embodiment, and Fig. 2 is three-in-one sensor
Fixture 100 is installed on the structural schematic diagram of knife tower 4, please refers to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
Three-in-one sensor fixture 100 is integrated with vibrating sensor 1, acoustic emission sensor 2 and cutting force snesor 3 three
The tool mounting of kind sensor, the three-in-one sensor fixture 100 are installed on the knife tower 4 of numerically-controlled machine tool, can guarantee three kinds
The installation site of sensor can obtain good measurement accuracy.
Due to on-line monitoring of the machining to cutter can be different degrees of to avoid cutter damage, be equipped with process tool
The numerically-controlled machine tool of monitoring accurately and timely the state of wear of reacting processing state and cutter, the abrasion of cutter can undergo initial stage
Abrasion and is sharply worn at normal wear, and cutter wear of the tool flank is bigger, and the frictional force of blade is then bigger, and cutting force will increase,
Especially radially the variation of power is the most obvious, in system, by setting the cutting force threshold of each wear stage cutting tool 20, i.e.,
It can differentiate cutting-tool wear state, therefore cutting force and relevant parameter have certain regularity with tool wear.
In Tool Wear Process, plastic deformation, crack propagation occur for cutter interior so that being broken, and cause the rapid of stress energy
Release generates elastic stress wave, can generate corresponding acoustic emission signal.
In metal cutting process, there are many occurring sources, such as the friction of workpiece and cutter, the fractureing of chip, cutter
Abrasion, the flexible deformation of cut timber material etc..When tool failure, signal has sudden, and crest voltage is greater than corresponding abrasion
State mean value sets crest voltage threshold value in system, can differentiate cutting-tool wear state.Knife can be monitored by introducing acoustic emission detection
Situations such as fission and shearing inside tool, and obtain through overtesting: when normal wear early period, acoustic emission signal is more steady, knife
When the breakages such as shearing, strain occur for tool, acoustic emission signal can mutate.
By carrying out correlation analysis to vibration signal: start time, abrasion is slighter, and extent of vibration also belongs to slightly
Vibration, to the later period, when vibration is more fierce, time domain, frequency domain figure curve just show more fluctuations.By being cut in comparative test
The corresponding state of wear of cutting knife tool 20, shows that vibration signal can reveal that the state of tool wear.Can include in vibration signal
The effective information of tool wear, using acceleration transducer can pickoff signals, carry out correlation analysis, therefrom isolate effectively
Wear information, it can be determined that the corresponding state of wear of cutter.
Therefore, in process to cutter, by being measured in real time to cutting force, sound emission and Vibration Condition,
And analyzed, it can reliably understand the cutting-tool wear state of process, reduce downtime, the energy for reducing lathe disappears
Consumption guarantees that processing quality and stablizing for production carry out, and tool life reduces production cost, guarantees machining accuracy.
The three-in-one sensor fixture 100 that the present embodiment 1 provides can be mounted on the knife tower 4 of numerically-controlled machine tool, simultaneously will
Vibrating sensor 1, acoustic emission sensor 2 and cutting force snesor 3 integrate, and enable three kinds of sensor real-time measurements
The wear data of cutter in process, converts electric signal for physical quantity.
Below the specific structure to all parts of the three-in-one sensor fixture 100 and mutual corresponding relationship into
Row is described in detail.
Three-in-one sensor fixture 100 includes chuck body 10, fixing cutter platform 15, vibrating sensor 1, acoustic emission sensor
2 and cutting force snesor 3.Chuck body 10 includes mounting surface 1045, and cutting force snesor 3 is fixedly installed on mounting surface
1045, fixing cutter platform 15 is fixedly installed on the top of cutting force snesor 3, and fixing cutter platform 15 has the peace of installation cutting tool 20
Then dress space is integrally fastened in use, first vibrating sensor 1 and acoustic emission sensor 2 are fixed on cutting tool 20
In the installation space of fixing cutter platform 15.
Cutting tool 20 is in processing cutting process, cutting force snesor 3, acoustic emission sensor 2 and vibrating sensor 1
Can the corresponding wear data of accurate measurement in real time, and convert electric signal for physical quantity and machining state differentiated with this,
So that staff is understood the abrasion condition of cutting tool 20, and then make machined parameters adjustment decision, to obtain preferably processing
Effect.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of chuck body 10, and Fig. 4 is the decomposition diagram of chuck body 10, referring to figure 3. and is schemed
Shown in 4.
Chuck body 10 includes the first fixing piece 102 and the second fixing piece 105 that are fixedly connected, and mounting surface 1045 is located at the
One fixing piece 102, cutting force snesor 3 are located at the mounting surface 1045 of the first fixing piece 102, and fixing cutter platform 15, which is fixedly installed on, to be cut
The side that force snesor 3 deviates from mounting surface 1045 is cut, the second fixing piece 105 is fixedly installed on the fixing end of the first fixing piece 102,
And second fixing piece 105 for being fixedly connected with the knife tower 4 of lathe so that three-in-one sensor fixture 100 is entirely through second
Fixing piece 105 is fixed on knife tower 4.
Optionally, the first fixing piece 102 is Z-shaped structure, and successively includes fixed section 103, guide section and construction section
104, wherein fixed section 103 with the second fixing piece 105 for being fixedly connected, and construction section 104 is used for and fixing cutter platform 15 and three kind
Sensor is fixedly connected, and guide section is connected and fixed section 103 and construction section 104, and mounting surface 1045 is located at construction section 104 close to leading
To the side of section.
Optionally, the mounting surface 1045 of construction section 104 offers multiple mounting holes, and the installation of cutting force snesor 3
Hole corresponds, and is bolted part cutting force snesor 3 and construction section 104 is fixed.
Optionally, the second fixing piece 105 is U-shaped structure, and sets slot 1055 including card, which sets the broad-ruler of slot 1055
The thickness of very little and the first fixing piece 102 fixed section 103 matches, so that fixed section 103 is inserted in card and sets in slot 1055,
It is bolted part and is fixedly connected with fixed section 103 with the second fixing piece 105, the outer wall width and machine of the second fixing piece 105
4 size of knife tower of bed is corresponding, and the second fixing piece 105 can be installed on knife tower 4.
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of fixing cutter platform 15 in Fig. 1, and Fig. 6 is the decomposition diagram of fixing cutter platform 15, please refers to figure
Shown in 5 and Fig. 6.
Fixing cutter platform 15 includes playscript with stage directions body 16, movable pressing board 17 and locking member 18.Movable pressing board 17 is used for and bite
20 cooperation of tool, playscript with stage directions body 16 is fixedly installed on the top of cutting force snesor 3, and playscript with stage directions body 16 offers tool mounting hole, living
Dynamic pressure plate 17 and cutting tool 20 are embedded in tool mounting hole after cooperating, and playscript with stage directions body 16 has the first adjacent fixation wall 162
With the second fixation wall 165, is offered in the first fixation wall 162 and the second fixation wall 165 and adjust strip-shaped hole 167, locking member 18
It is abutted across strip-shaped hole 167 is adjusted with movable pressing board 17, thus by 20 fixation of cutting tool.
In the present embodiment, after the cooperation of the knife handle of movable pressing board 17 and cutting tool 20, it is embedded at cutter peace as a whole
Hole is filled, locking member 18 is that bolt retainer is tightened and is connected to after locking member 18 passes through adjusting strip-shaped hole 167 and adjustment good position
Movable pressing board 17 then makes 15 fixation of fixing cutter platform.
Please continue to refer to shown in Fig. 6, the cross section of movable pressing board 17 is L-type structure, movable pressing board 17 and cutting tool 20
Knife handle cooperation, movable pressing board 17 includes the first abutting part and the second abutting part, the first abutting part and the second abutting part shape
At angle, which is used for and the knife handle of cutting tool 20 matches.
Optionally, movable pressing board 17 includes opposite first end and second end, wherein and first end and knife handle are corresponding, the
Two ends and cutter head are corresponding, and vibrating sensor 1 and acoustic emission sensor 2 are set to the second end of movable pressing board 17, and cut
The cutter head of cutter 20 is closer, is conducive to measure related data, and the accuracy of measurement data is higher.
Optionally, the quantity of locking member 18 is two groups, and respectively the first locking group and the second locking group, wherein first
Locking group is abutted across the adjusting strip-shaped hole 167 of the first fixation wall 162 and the first abutting part of movable pressing board 17, the second locking
Group is abutted across the adjusting strip-shaped hole 167 of the second fixation wall 165 and the second abutting part of movable pressing board 17.
In the present embodiment, the bolt retainer quantity in the first locking group and the second locking group is multiple, according to specific
Actual conditions depending on.
Optionally, the second end of movable pressing board 17 includes the first mounting portion 172 and the second mounting portion 174, the first mounting portion
172 and second mounting portion 174 can be corresponding with the close cutter head position of cutting tool 20, vibrating sensor 1 is fixed on first
Mounting portion 172, acoustic emission sensor 2 are fixed on the second mounting portion 174.
Optionally, the first mounting portion 172 and the second mounting portion 174 are distributed along the extending direction of movable pressing board 17, i.e., along work
The extending direction of dynamic pressure plate 17 is one in front and one in back arranged.
Since the installation site of sensor will have a direct impact on the precision of detection signal, the three-in-one sensor fixture 100 collection
At three kinds of sensors, to guarantee the measurement accuracy of each sensor, and can be directly mounted on knife tower 4.
Cutting force snesor 3 is mounted in chuck body 10, to measure the three-dimensional force signal of cutting process generation.Sound hair
It penetrates sensor 2 and vibrating sensor 1 is integrally disposed on movable pressing board 17, since acoustic emission sensor 2 is closer to cutting parts
Cutter head position, measurement effect is better, therefore, the second mounting portion 174 relative to the first mounting portion 172 close to second end,
Acoustic emission sensor 2 is mounted on the second mounting portion 174 on movable pressing board 17.Vibrating sensor 1 can measure x, y, z three simultaneously
To vibration signal, be mounted on movable pressing board 17 close to knife handle position.
Cutting force snesor 3 can realize the monitoring that three axis force is cut in process, may determine that cutting using cutting force
Certain variation tendency of state, acoustic emission signal detection is easy, contains cutting state information abundant, letter before and after tool failure
Number variation is fairly obvious, and many process features are contained in vibration signal.And since the installation site of sensor will affect
The effect of measurement, it is best that chuck body 10 in three-in-one sensor fixture 100 for sensor provides a measurement effect
Position.
After three sensors detect data-signal, by analyzing associated signal parameter, and then tool wear situation is judged,
It establishes feedback mechanism and monitors the machining state of lathe, then guide the relevant control operation of staff.
The three-in-one sensor fixture 100 that the embodiment of the present invention 1 provides has the beneficial effect that
Design is reasonable, structure is simple, using chuck body 10 and fixing cutter platform 15, is integrated with vibrating sensor 1, sound emission
Sensor 2 and cutting force snesor 3, specify the installation site of three kinds of sensors, accurate detection data can believe in real time
Number, guarantee the precision of acquired signal, realize the front end monitoring function of cutting monitoring system, the measurement for improving system is stablized
Property, by fixing cutter platform 15 and chuck body 10, contact of the sensor with knife handle uses the form of movable pressing board 17, realizes
The hardware integration at sensor measurement end, simultaneously because movable pressing board 17 can dynamic characteristic, so that system is can be adapted for different size
Knife handle, the installation for increasing system is flexible.
Embodiment 2
The embodiment of the present invention 2 provides a kind of multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitoring system 200, including numerically-controlled machine tool, control
The three-in-one sensor fixture 100 that device processed and such as embodiment 1 provide, Fig. 7 are that multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitors system 200
Block diagram please refers to shown in Fig. 7.
Three-in-one sensor fixture 100 is fixedly installed on the knife tower 4 of numerically-controlled machine tool, vibrating sensor 1, acoustic emission sensor
2 and cutting force snesor 3 be electrically connected with the controller.
Optionally, controller includes power amplifier 22, data collecting card 24, monitoring modular 26 and machine tool motion board
27.The input terminal of vibrating sensor 1, acoustic emission sensor 2 and cutting force snesor 3 respectively with power amplifier 22 is electrically connected
It connects, and three kinds of sensors can transmit signal to power amplifier 22.
The input terminal electrical connection of the output end and data collecting card 24 of power amplifier 22, the output end of data collecting card 24
It is electrically connected with the input terminal of monitoring modular 26, data collecting card 24 receives the signal of power amplifier 22 and transmits signal to monitoring
The input terminal of module 26, machine tool motion board 27 is electrically connected with monitoring modular 26, the output end of machine tool motion board 27 and numerical control
Lathe electrical connection, machine tool motion board 27 receive the instruction that monitoring modular 26 issues, and control numerically-controlled machine tool movement.
Optionally, power amplifier 22 receives the signal that three kinds of sensors return, and is carried out preliminary treatment and amplification, with
Just 24 reception of data collecting card is handled；Input terminal of the data collecting card 24 as monitoring modular 26, according to the sample frequency of setting
And mode come receive processing three kinds of sensors signal；Monitoring modular 26 have data acquisition, data processing, data store and
The functions such as data readback, and it is responsible for output display received signal figure, export the cutting tool state currently processed and related ginseng
Number, provides the adjustment suggestion of process parameter, the failure being responsible in monitoring process, and timely stopping alarm.
Control element of the machine tool motion board 27 as lathe receives the related Machining Instruction of the sending of monitoring modular 26, repairs
Just, change current machining state, monitor system 200 using this multi-modal cutting-tool wear state, it can adding CNC numerically-controlled machine tool
Work process realizes a half-closed loop control, so that the machining state of real-time monitoring, adjustment lathe is reduced with extending cutter life
Processing cost guarantees machining accuracy.
Fig. 8 is the workflow schematic diagram that multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitors system 200, is please referred to shown in Fig. 8.
Into before conventional production and processing, needs to carry out cutting test, obtain cutting force bound threshold value, the sound of cutting process
Emit the associated eigenvalue of signal peak, voltage threshold and vibration signal, is used as subsequent machining in Input Monitor Connector module 26
Reference.
In a normal conventional processes, Machining Instruction is sent to numerically-controlled machine tool first, lathe starts to process.Three kinds
Signal amplification is reached data collecting card by power amplifier 22 by the physical quantity signal in sensor real-time monitoring process
24, data collecting card 24 handles resulting three kinds of signal datas, and is sent in monitoring modular 26.Monitoring modular 26 will be acquired
Signal be converted into graphical display, and in the associated change of backstage monitoring data, when an abnormality is discovered, timely stopping alarm.
26 inside of monitoring modular is compared there are also a set of according to three kinds of processing signals, judges the stream of 20 abrasion condition of cutting tool
Journey also exports the state of wear of current cutting tool 20 in monitoring modular 26 together.Staff mentions according to monitoring modular 26
The machining state information of confession, target of adjustable processing, such as surface quality, cutter life etc., system is according to staff
The editing objective of selection proposes that related adjustment is suggested, such as changes lathe grinding speed, cutting feed amount.
After staff has made processing adjustment in monitoring modular 26, dependent instruction is reached into machine tool motion board
27, and then change the machining state of lathe, the final result for changing processing.
Fig. 9 is the working principle diagram that multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitors that system 200 monitors, and is please referred to shown in Fig. 9.
The data acquisition for processing monitoring process, needs to give sample frequency and amplitude, the figure of output signal etc. in advance and sets
It is fixed, it needs monitoring modular 26 to provide the function of correlated sampling parameter setting and images outputting, facilitates user intuitive on computers
Understanding machining state associated change, and by the condition discrimination result of Data processing cutter export.
Data processing is in process, and the sensor signal data needs of acquisition are further processed, convert and can just make
For result output, whether it is more than threshold value and and Times that data processing needs system that there is cutting tool state to differentiate, monitor coherent signal
When police shuts down, if desired adjusts editing objective, change correlation machining state in time.
Data storage is the data that time processing obtains, and the reference or related machining research for following process are all
Highly important foundation, therefore system can store related data, and provide the function that data can be carried out with related adjustment.
Data readback be for convenient for checking history process data, system can save original process data, and provide data reading
Function is taken, can be directly viewable in systems.
How cutting tool 20 is judged in conjunction with cutting force detection signal, acoustic emission detection signal and vibration detection signal
State of wear be the key that multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitoring system 200.
Figure 10 is to differentiate flow chart in multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitoring system 200, is please referred to shown in Figure 10.
After inputting Machining Instruction, numerically-controlled machine tool is started to work, and three kinds of sensors start each in real-time detection process
Kind physical quantity, and it is converted into associated electrical signals output, by changing after power amplifier 22 and data collecting card 24 as place
The digital signal x1 of reason, x2, x3 are handled.It is respectively as follows: Cutting Force Signal x1, acoustic emission signal by the signal that system obtains
X2, vibration signal x3.
Firstly, corresponding digital signal x1, x2, x3 respectively enter corresponding transforming function transformation function F (x1), F (x2), F (x3) are obtained
Corresponding calculated value f1, f2, f3 out, i.e. acquisition signal transforming function transformation function: f1=F (x1), f2=F (x2), f3=F (x3).Directly
The signal of acquisition is converted into the parameter that can couple calculating after the processing of dimensionless signal transforming function transformation function, facilitates subsequent be weighted
It calculates.F1, f2, f3 are the coupling calculating parameter after three signal conversions.
Finally by the resulting value f1 of function, f2, f3 are transmitted in a comprehensive distinguishing function H (f1, f2, f3), according to calculating
As a result it is compared with threshold value processing test result, differentiates cutting-tool wear state output.
That is H (f1, f2, f3)=α f1+ β f2+ γ f3=α F (x1)+β F (x2)+γ F (x3)
α --- Cutting Force Signal Dynamic gene
β --- acoustic emission signal Dynamic gene
γ --- vibration signal Dynamic gene
α, β, γ are Dynamic gene, and after the coupling calculating parameter for obtaining three signals, discriminant function is by adjusting the factor
Every signal is obtained to a weighted value of final cutting state, while being added and obtaining final discriminant value.System background passes through
The threshold value obtained in discriminant value and processing test result is compared, to judge the abrasion shape of cutter in cutting process
State.
Cutting-tool wear state feeds back in monitoring modular 26 and is shown, in the event of breaking, cutter serious damage
Situation adjusts machining state or even stopping alarm in time.Thus system can complete the half-closed loop control in process, surely
Determine processing quality, lathe is reduced or avoided and processes shutdown as caused by tool failures.
The multi-modal cutting-tool wear state that the present embodiment 2 provides monitors system 200, combines cutting force, sound emission and vibration
Three signals are moved, the abrasion shape of various signals and tool wear situation being associated with accurately to differentiate cutter can be fully utilized
State is higher compared to the accuracy rate of single-sensor.
A set of semiclosed loop monitor control system, integrated data acquisition, data processing, data storage and data are proposed simultaneously
Playback function can provide the function of machining state graphical display, editing objective and state adjustment for staff.System set
Tool wear differentiates and the half-closed loop control of process, and processing on-line monitoring and feedback control may be implemented, prolonged with reaching
Long cutter life reduces processing cost, guarantees the purpose of machining accuracy.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment in the present invention can be combined with each other.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of three-in-one sensor fixture, which is characterized in that including chuck body, fixing cutter platform, vibrating sensor, sound emission
Sensor and cutting force snesor, the chuck body includes mounting surface, and the cutting force snesor is fixedly installed on described
Mounting surface, the fixing cutter platform are fixedly installed on the side that the cutting force snesor deviates from the mounting surface, the fixing cutter
Platform has the installation space of installation cutting tool, the vibrating sensor and the acoustic emission sensor for being fixed on bite
On tool.
2. three-in-one sensor fixture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the chuck body includes being fixedly connected
The first fixing piece and the second fixing piece, the mounting surface is located at first fixing piece, and second fixing piece is located at described
The fixing end of first fixing piece, and second fixing piece with the knife tower of lathe for being fixedly connected.
3. three-in-one sensor fixture according to claim 2, which is characterized in that first fixing piece is Z-shaped knot
Structure, and successively include fixed section, guide section and construction section, the mounting surface is located at the construction section close to the guide section
Side；
Second fixing piece is U-shaped structure, and sets slot including card, the fixed section be inserted in it is described block set slot and with it is described
Second fixing piece is fixedly connected.
4. three-in-one sensor fixture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the fixing cutter platform include playscript with stage directions body,
Movable pressing board and locking member；
The playscript with stage directions body is fixedly installed on the cutting force snesor, and offers tool mounting hole, and the playscript with stage directions body has phase
Adjacent the first fixation wall and the second fixation wall, first fixation wall and second fixation wall offer adjusting strip-shaped hole；
The movable pressing board is embedded at the tool mounting hole, and the knife handle for cutting tool cooperates, and the locking member is worn
It crosses the adjusting strip-shaped hole and is connected to the movable pressing board.
5. three-in-one sensor fixture according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the cross section of the movable pressing board is L
Type structure, the movable pressing board include the first abutting part and the second abutting part, first abutting part and second abutting part
Form the angle to match for the knife handle with cutting tool；
The locking member is two groups, and including the first locking group and the second locking group, the first locking group is across described first
The adjusting strip-shaped hole of fixation wall, and abutted with first abutting part, the second locking group is across second fixation wall
Strip-shaped hole is adjusted, and is abutted with second abutting part.
6. three-in-one sensor fixture according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the end of the movable pressing board includes the
One mounting portion and the second mounting portion, first mounting portion and second mounting portion can be with the close cutter head positions of cutting tool
Set corresponding, the vibrating sensor is fixed on first mounting portion, and the acoustic emission sensor is fixed on second peace
Dress portion.
7. three-in-one sensor fixture according to claim 6, which is characterized in that first mounting portion and described second
Mounting portion is distributed along the extending direction of the movable pressing board, and second mounting portion is relative to first mounting portion close to end
Portion.
8. a kind of multi-modal cutting-tool wear state monitors system, which is characterized in that wanted including numerically-controlled machine tool, controller and right
Seek three-in-one sensor fixture described in 1-7 any one；
The three-in-one sensor fixture is fixedly installed on the knife tower of the numerically-controlled machine tool, the vibrating sensor, sound hair
It penetrates sensor and the cutting force snesor is electrically connected with the controller.
9. multi-modal cutting-tool wear state according to claim 8 monitors system, which is characterized in that the controller includes
Power amplifier, data collecting card and monitoring modular；
The vibrating sensor, the acoustic emission sensor and the cutting force snesor respectively with the power amplifier
Input terminal electrical connection, and signal is transmitted to the power amplifier；
The electrical connection of the input terminal of the output end of the power amplifier and the data collecting card, the output of the data collecting card
The input terminal of end and the monitoring modular is electrically connected, and the data collecting card receives signal and transmits signal to the monitoring mould
Block.
10. multi-modal cutting-tool wear state according to claim 9 monitors system, which is characterized in that the controller is also
Including machine tool motion board, the input terminal of the machine tool motion board is electrically connected with the monitoring modular, the machine tool motion plate
The output end of card is electrically connected with the numerically-controlled machine tool；
The machine tool motion board receives the instruction that the monitoring modular issues, and controls the numerically-controlled machine tool movement.
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| CN114571286A (en) * | 2022-03-17 | 2022-06-03 | 上海大学 | Tool wear state monitoring method and system based on friction electrification principle |
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| CN115635366A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-01-24 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Large machine tool blade acoustic emission online monitoring system and method |
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