CN109621662A - A kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler - Google Patents
A kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN109621662A CN109621662A CN201811549560.7A CN201811549560A CN109621662A CN 109621662 A CN109621662 A CN 109621662A CN 201811549560 A CN201811549560 A CN 201811549560A CN 109621662 A CN109621662 A CN 109621662A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/8621—Removing nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/8625—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/8631—Processes characterised by a specific device
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/90—Injecting reactants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/10—Oxidants
- B01D2251/104—Ozone
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
- B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/60—Inorganic bases or salts
- B01D2251/604—Hydroxides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of environment protection equipment, specifically a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler.Including spray tower, oxidative system, spray system and the circulatory system;Spray tower includes tower body and inner core, and tower body bottom is connected with smoke inlet pipe, is connected with smoke outlet tube at the top of tower body;Oxidative system includes ozone generator and the ozone injector that is arranged in smoke inlet pipe and is connected with ozone generator;Spray system includes the liquid pool for being distributed in tower body bottom, absorbing liquid, the spray tube and multiple nozzles arranged on the spray pipe being connected by circulating pump with liquid pool;The circulatory system includes separator, the input end of separator is connected by the first infusion pump with liquid pool, saline solution outlet end is connected by the second infusion pump with liquid waste treating apparatus, absorbing liquid outlet end is connected by third infusion pump with the fluid reservoir for storing absorbing liquid, and fluid reservoir also passes through the 4th infusion pump and is connected with liquid pool.Denitration efficiency of the present invention is high, at low cost, is conducive to environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of environment protection equipment, specifically a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler.
Background technique
Contain a large amount of nitrogen oxides in flue gas caused by coal-burning power plant, wherein 95% or more is NO.Oxynitride is not
It is only the chief component of haze, has significant damage to human body and other organisms, it still forms the main original of acid rain
One of because.Therefore, national environmental protection regulation is also increasingly strict to the emission request of nitrogen oxides, the discharge of grassroot project nitrogen oxides
Standard is stringenter.The removing sulfuldioxide of nitrogen oxides becomes one of the focus of people.
Existing gas denitrifying technology can be divided into Dry denitration and wet denitration.Selective catalytic reduction in Dry denitration
(SCR) most widely used.Wet denitration is broadly divided into oxidizing process and reduction method, mainly uses oxidative absorption method.Existing oxidation
Absorbing utilized spray column is that flue gas enters from tower body lower end mostly, by the oxidation of spraying layer sprinkling oxidant and absorbing liquid
It absorbs, tower body is discharged after demisting.But because flue gas flow rate is very fast, it is too short in dwell time in the tower and there are flue gas flow field distribution not
, the problems such as non-uniform spraying, spraying effect is undesirable.Although traditional centrifugal spray column can increase flue gas and stop in tower
The time is stayed, but there are velocity of flue gas field unevenness, core flow resistance is small, and flue gas flow increases therewith, core gas residence time
The problems such as very short, leads to the undercompounding of gas-liquid two-phase.Common oxidant has NaClO2、NaClO、H2O2、O3Deng.NaClO2
More demanding to equipment corrosion resistance with NaClO, oxidant price is relatively expensive.H2O2Property is unstable, heated easily to decompose and disappear
Consumption is big.In addition, the problem of inlet pressure of the also generally existing each layer nozzle of spray column differs greatly.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to provide a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler, denitration efficiency is high, at low cost, is conducive to
Environmental protection.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows: a kind of flue gas for coal-burning boiler is de-
Nitre device, including spray tower, oxidative system, spray system and the circulatory system;Spray tower includes tower body and along tower body height direction
Inner core in tower body inner cavity is set, the smoke inlet pipe along the distribution of tower body tangential direction is connected in the bottom of tower body, in tower
Smoke outlet tube is connected at the top of body;Oxidative system includes ozone generator and is arranged in smoke inlet pipe and sends out with ozone
The connected ozone injector of raw device, and the injection direction of ozone injector is opposite with the direction of travel of flue gas in smoke inlet pipe;
Spray system includes the liquid pool for being distributed in tower body bottom, the absorbing liquid being contained in liquid pool, is connected with liquid pool by circulating pump
Spray tube and be arranged at intervals on spray tube be located at tower body inner cavity in part multiple nozzles, absorbing liquid includes sodium hydroxide
Solution and organic catalyst, organic catalyst are the oily organic matter rich in sulphur oxygen groups;The circulatory system includes for that will be dissolved in
The separator that organic catalyst in absorbing liquid is separated from absorbing liquid, the input end of separator by the first infusion pump with
Liquid pool is connected, and the saline solution outlet end of separator is connected by the second infusion pump with liquid waste treating apparatus, the organic catalysis of separator
Agent outlet end is connected by third infusion pump with the fluid reservoir for storing absorbing liquid, and fluid reservoir also passes through the 4th infusion pump and liquid
Pond is connected.
Preferably, mesh mist eliminator is equipped at the top of tower body inner cavity.
Preferably, inner core is distributed in tower body with one heart, and the outer diameter of inner core is 1/5th of inner diameter of tower, and inner core is upper
End is higher than nozzle and is distributed.
Preferably, absorbing liquid includes sodium hydroxide solution and organic catalyst, and organic catalyst is rich in sulphur oxygen groups
Oily organic matter.
Preferably, three layers of nozzle are equipped with along tower body height in tower body inner cavity, include and spray in any one layer of nozzle
The connected multiple nozzles of pipe, are equipped with pressure-regulating valve at any one layer between nozzle and spray tube.
Preferably, nozzle is spiral, and material is silicon carbide.
Preferably, it is equipped in liquid pool by detecting in liquid pool based on the PH of absorbing liquid pH value and is absorbed for detecting in liquid pool
The liquidometer of liquid liquid level.
Preferably, it is equipped in the connecting pipe between circulating pump and liquid pool for filtering out impurity in absorbing liquid and avoiding spraying
The first filter of mouth blocking, is equipped with for filtering out powder in absorbing liquid in the connecting pipe between the first infusion pump and separator
Second filter of dirt.
Preferably, the first spiral air channel being distributed along inner core short transverse is equipped on the outer wall of inner core;In tower body
Inner wall is equipped with the second spiral air channel along tower body height directional spreding.
Preferably, the hand of spiral of the first spiral air channel and the second spiral air channel is identical and corresponds to each other distribution.
Beneficial effect
The present apparatus uses ozonation technology by the conversion of nitrogen oxides of flue gas low to medium price level for high price nitrogen oxygen soluble easily in water
Compound.Ozone has very strong oxidisability, and oxidation efficiency is high, and reaction speed is fast, can incite somebody to action with one second during smoke contacts
NO is oxidized to the higher NO of solubility2、N2O3And N2O5Deng.Ozone reaction generates oxygen, can continue to aoxidize NO, this process ring
Protect it is pollution-free, it is easy to operate;
Flue gas tangentially enters in tower, and eddy flow can be formed in tower, considerably increases residence time of the flue gas in tower, inhales for lye
It receives nitrogen oxides and provides advantage;It it be equipped with inner core in tower can avoid flue gas center out of tower and directly rise, increase
The residence time of heart flue gas keeps flow of flue gas more uniform;The speed of related movement and turbulent extent of biphase gas and liquid flow are improved,
Increase the effect of mass transmitting between gas-liquid;Dust is thrown to tower wall under the influence of centrifugal force and flows down with absorbing liquid, reaches secondary and removes
The effect of dirt.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention:
Absorbing liquid is made of sodium hydroxide solution and organic catalyst.Its denitration principle is: NO is soluble easily in water by ozone oxidation
Higher nitrogen oxides, thus generation HNO soluble easily in water2, sulphur oxygen groups and HNO in organic catalyst2It is combined into stable complexation
Object effectively inhibits unstable HNO2Decomposition discharges polluted gas again, and promotes them by continued oxidation at HNO3, catalysis
Agent is disconnected immediately, catalyst no consumption, reusable.Then absorb by lye and generate sodium nitrate.It is organic to urge
Change temperature of the denitrating flue gas to flue gas, NOXConcentration and exhaust gas volumn do not have particular/special requirement, and adaptability is good.
Adjusting control valve is installed additional before each spray point, to adjust each spray overpressure.By installing pressure-regulating valve additional,
It is in three layers of spray liquid spray pressure under optimum state, while guaranteeing that each layer spray pressure is consistent, formed after guarantee spray
It is balanced to spray coverage rate, it is ensured that spraying effect.
Select spiral nozzle, material is silicon carbide, tool have good wearability, corrosion resistance.The sprayability of spiral nozzle
Can preferably, atomizing particle size is relatively small, and droplet distribution is fine and close, it is ensured that fine mist maximizes and smoke contacts, flue gas flow through spray
Resistance is small when mouth, also can satisfy atomizing effect in low pressure drop.Structure is relatively simple, operates easy to maintenance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view distribution schematic diagram of the smoke inlet pipe and tower body part in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the connection schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
Marked in the figure: 1, tower body, 2, smoke inlet pipe, 3, ozone injector, 4, ozone generator, 5, liquid waste treating apparatus, 6,
Second infusion pump, 7, separator, the 8, second filter, the 9, first infusion pump, 10, third infusion pump, 11, liquid pool, the 12, first mistake
Filter, 13, circulating pump, the 14, the 4th infusion pump, 15, fluid reservoir, 16, spray tube, 17, pressure-regulating valve, 18, nozzle, 19, silk
Net demister, 20, inner core, 21, smoke outlet tube.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler of the invention, including spray tower, oxidative system,
Spray system and the circulatory system.Flue gas is oxidized to high price nitrogen oxides soluble easily in water in spray tower by oxidative system,
And be efficiently absorbed by liquid absorption by spray system, the circulatory system is for maintaining absorbing liquid absorbing NOx in spray tower
Activity.
Spray tower includes columnar tower body 1 and is arranged concentrically on the inner core in 1 inner cavity of tower body along 1 short transverse of tower body
20.Smoke outlet tube 21 is connected at the top of tower body 1.As shown in Fig. 2, being connected in the bottom of tower body 1 along 1 tangent line side of tower body
To the smoke inlet pipe 2 of distribution.Smoke inlet pipe 2 along the distribution of 1 tangential direction of tower body can control flue gas tangentially to enter in tower, and
Eddy flow is formed in tower, is considerably increased flue gas in the residence time of tower body 1, is that nitrogen oxides is by spray in tower body 1
The absorption of system provides advantage.
The bottom of inner core 20 is fixed with 1 bottom of tower body, and diameter is about 1/5th of 1 internal diameter of tower body.Inner core 20 adds
Enter, can avoid flue gas center out of tower and directly rise, increase the residence time of center flue gas, keep flow of flue gas more uniform;
The speed of related movement and turbulent extent for improving biphase gas and liquid flow, increase the effect of mass transmitting between gas-liquid;Dust is in centrifugal force
Under the action of be thrown to tower wall and flowed down with absorbing liquid, have the function that final dusting.In the present embodiment, on the outer wall of inner core 20
Equipped with the first spiral air channel being distributed along 20 short transverse of inner core;It is equipped on the inner wall of tower body 1 along 1 short transverse of tower body point
Second spiral air channel of cloth, and the hand of spiral of the first spiral air channel and the second spiral air channel is identical and reciprocal correspondence is divided
Cloth, and spiral helicine flue gas water conservancy diversion air flue is collectively formed by the first spiral air channel and the second spiral air channel, pass through the flue gas
Water conservancy diversion air flue further increases residence time of the flue gas in 1 inner cavity of tower body to the guide functions of flue gas, is conducive to nitrogen oxides
Fully absorb.
Oxidative system includes ozone generator 4 and the ozone that is arranged in smoke inlet pipe 2 and is connected with ozone generator 4
Injector 3, and the injection direction of ozone injector 3 is opposite with the direction of travel of flue gas in smoke inlet pipe 2.Pass through the super of ozone
Strong oxidizing property makes the NO rapid oxidation in flue gas be higher nitrogen oxides soluble easily in water.In the oxidation reaction of ozone and NO
Oxygen is also generated, can continue to aoxidize NO.
Spray system includes the liquid pool 11 for being distributed in 1 bottom of tower body, the absorbing liquid being contained in liquid pool 11, passes through circulating pump
13 spray tubes 16 being connected with liquid pool 11 and be arranged at intervals on spray tube 16 be located at 1 inner cavity of tower body in part multiple sprays
Mouth 18.
In the present embodiment, absorbing liquid is made of sodium hydroxide solution and organic catalyst.Organic catalyst therein is richness
The oily organic matter of sulfur-bearing oxygen groups.Its denitration principle is: NO is higher nitrogen oxides soluble easily in water by ozone oxidation, from
And generation HNO soluble easily in water2, sulphur oxygen groups and HNO in organic catalyst2It is combined into stable comple, effectively inhibits shakiness
Fixed HNO2Decomposition discharges polluted gas again, and promotes them by continued oxidation at HNO3, catalyst is disconnected immediately, urges
Agent no consumption, it is reusable.Then absorb by lye and generate sodium nitrate.Organic catalysis denitrating flue gas is to flue gas
Temperature, NOXConcentration and exhaust gas volumn do not have particular/special requirement, and adaptability is good.
In the present embodiment, three layers of nozzle 18 are equipped with along 1 height of tower body in 1 inner cavity of tower body, top layer's nozzle 18 is lower than interior
The top of core 20.It include the multiple spirals made of carbofrax material being connected with spray tube 16 in any one layer of nozzle 18
Formula nozzle 18 is equipped with pressure-regulating valve 17 between any one layer of nozzle 18 and spray tube 16.Convenient for passing through respective pressure
Regulating valve 17 is in three layers of spray liquid spray pressure under optimum state, while guaranteeing that each layer spray pressure is consistent, guarantees spray
The spray coverage rate formed afterwards is balanced, it is ensured that spraying effect.It is equipped with and uses in connecting pipe between circulating pump 13 and liquid pool 11
In the first filter 12 for filtering out impurity in absorbing liquid and nozzle 18 being avoided to block.
The circulatory system includes the separator 7 separated in organic catalyst absorbing liquid for will be dissolved in absorbing liquid,
The input end of separator 7 is connected by the first infusion pump 9 with liquid pool 11, the connecting tube between the first infusion pump 9 and separator 7
Road is equipped with the second filter 8 for filtering out dust in absorbing liquid.The saline solution outlet end of separator 7 passes through the second infusion pump 6
It is connected with liquid waste treating apparatus 5, the organic catalyst outlet end of separator 7 is by third infusion pump 10 and for storing absorbing liquid
Fluid reservoir 15 be connected, fluid reservoir 15 is also connected with liquid pool 11 by the 4th infusion pump 14.
It is as follows using denitrating technique of the invention:
Step 1, when flowing through smoke inlet pipe 2, ozone generates through ozone generator 4 and by ozone the flue gas of nitrogen-containing oxide
3 contrainjection of injector is sufficiently mixed into flue gas with it, is high price nitrogen oxides by low price nitrogen oxides;
Step 2, oxidized flue gas, which tangentially enters in 1 inner cavity of tower body, forms eddy flow, rises around the rotation of inner core 20;
Step 3 is successively arranged first layer spraying layer, the second spraying layer and third spraying layer in tower body 1 from the bottom up.In tower body 1
Absorbing liquid in bottom of chamber portion liquid pool 11 sprays flue gas after the atomization of nozzle 18, so that absorbing liquid and flue gas occur strongly
Blending and effect of mass transmitting;Absorbing liquid after spray falls into liquid pool 11 again and participates in circulation;
Step 4, the flue gas after spray are set after 19 demisting of mesh mist eliminator of 1 inner cavity top of tower body through by exhanst gas outlet
Spray tower is discharged in pipe 21.
Step 5 works as PH according to the PH and liquid level of the PH meter and liquidometer measurement circulation fluid that are set in liquid pool 11
When lower than setting value or excessively high liquid level, opens the first infusion pump 9 and absorbing liquid is discharged.Absorbing liquid first passes around 8 mistake of the second filter
Dust is filtered, subsequently into separator 7.Separator 7 separates catalyst and salt made from earth containing a comparatively high percentage of sodium chloride liquid, and the catalyst isolated is sent again
Enter in fluid reservoir 15.Absorbing liquid in fluid reservoir 15 enters in liquid pool 11 with mixed the 4th infusion pump 14 of merga pass of catalyst to be carried out
Circulated sprinkling.Saline solution after separation will enter liquid waste treating apparatus 5 and handle.
As shown in figure 3, two present apparatus can be connected when a present apparatus is insufficient for flue gas emission requirement
It uses, the smoke outlet tube 21 of first spray tower connects the smoke inlet pipe 2 of second spray tower.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler, it is characterised in that: including spray tower, oxidative system, spray system
And the circulatory system;Spray tower includes tower body (1) and inner core (20) in tower body (1) inner cavity is arranged along tower body (1) short transverse,
It is connected with the smoke inlet pipe (2) along the distribution of tower body (1) tangential direction in the bottom of tower body (1), is connected at the top of tower body (1)
There are smoke outlet tube (21);Oxidative system includes ozone generator (4) and is arranged in smoke inlet pipe (2) and occurs with ozone
The connected ozone injector (3) of device (4), and the traveling of the injection direction of ozone injector (3) and flue gas in smoke inlet pipe (2)
It is contrary;Spray system includes the liquid pool (11) for being distributed in tower body (1) bottom, the absorbing liquid being contained in liquid pool (11), leads to
Cross the spray tube (16) and be arranged at intervals on spray tube (16) positioned at tower body (1) that circulating pump (13) is connected with liquid pool (11)
Multiple nozzles (18) of part in inner cavity, absorbing liquid include sodium hydroxide solution and organic catalyst, organic catalyst be rich in
The oily organic matter of sulphur oxygen groups;The circulatory system includes for separating the organic catalyst being dissolved in absorbing liquid from absorbing liquid
The input end of separator (7) out, separator (7) is connected by the first infusion pump (9) with liquid pool (11), separator (7)
Saline solution outlet end is connected by the second infusion pump (6) with liquid waste treating apparatus (5), the organic catalyst outlet end of separator (7)
It is connected by third infusion pump (10) with the fluid reservoir (15) for storing absorbing liquid, fluid reservoir (15) also passes through the 4th infusion pump
(14) it is connected with liquid pool (11).
2. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in tower body (1)
The top of inner cavity is equipped with mesh mist eliminator (19).
3. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: inner core (20) is same
The heart is distributed in tower body (1), and the outer diameter of inner core (20) is 1/5th of tower body (1) internal diameter, and the upper end of inner core (20) is higher than
Nozzle (18) distribution.
4. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in tower body (1)
Three layers of nozzle (18) are highly equipped with along tower body (1) in inner cavity, include being connected with spray tube (16) in any one layer of nozzle (18)
Multiple nozzles (18), be equipped with pressure-regulating valve (17) between any one layer of nozzle (18) and spray tube (16).
5. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: nozzle (18) is
Spirally, material is silicon carbide.
6. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in liquid pool (11)
In be equipped with by detecting the liquid level in liquid pool (11) based on the PH of absorbing liquid pH value and for detecting absorbing liquid liquid level in liquid pool (11)
Meter.
7. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in circulating pump
(13) connecting pipe between liquid pool (11) is equipped with for filtering out impurity in absorbing liquid and avoiding that nozzle (18) block
One filter (12) is equipped with for filtering out powder in absorbing liquid in the connecting pipe between the first infusion pump (9) and separator (7)
The second filter (8) of dirt.
8. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in inner core (20)
Outer wall be equipped with the first spiral air channel for being distributed along inner core (20) short transverse;It is equipped on the inner wall of tower body (1) along tower
Second spiral air channel of body (1) short transverse distribution.
9. a kind of equipment for denitrifying flue gas for coal-burning boiler according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: the first helical form
The hand of spiral of air flue and the second spiral air channel is identical and corresponds to each other distribution.
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CN110141957A (en) * | 2019-06-19 | 2019-08-20 | 众一阿美科福斯特惠勒工程有限公司 | A kind of device and method of spray fluidisation separation nitrogen oxides |
CN112535943A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-03-23 | 广东佳德环保科技有限公司 | Rotational flow mixing spraying denitration device and denitration method thereof |
CN113209797A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-06 | 上海天晓环保工程有限公司 | Low-temperature flue gas denitration device |
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