CN109617588A - A kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm - Google Patents

A kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109617588A
CN109617588A CN201811472628.6A CN201811472628A CN109617588A CN 109617588 A CN109617588 A CN 109617588A CN 201811472628 A CN201811472628 A CN 201811472628A CN 109617588 A CN109617588 A CN 109617588A
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China
Prior art keywords
indicate
antenna
reader
weight
energy
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CN201811472628.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘竞升
王晓东
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology of CAS
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Priority to CN201811472628.6A priority Critical patent/CN109617588A/en
Publication of CN109617588A publication Critical patent/CN109617588A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2019/121505 priority patent/WO2020114306A1/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
    • H04B7/0837—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station using pre-detection combining
    • H04B7/0842—Weighted combining
    • H04B7/086—Weighted combining using weights depending on external parameters, e.g. direction of arrival [DOA], predetermined weights or beamforming

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithms, in particular to a kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm applied on the passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system of full duplex, the algorithm innovatively proposes the theory of an iteration, to in more original method, the necessity and complexity of channel estimation are subtracted, operating process is simple, greatly reduces the cost of system operation, while improving efficiency.

Description

A kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of blind adaptive beam formings applied on the passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system of full duplex Algorithm.
Background technique
Currently, superfrequency Radio Frequency Identification Technology receives significant attention, which uses 860~960 megahertzs of frequency, It can be used in multiple fields, such as: supply chain management, logistics support system, automatic fare collection system, intelligent transportation system System etc., its recognition efficiency is higher than traditional bar code system.
Passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system (PassiveUHFRFIDsystems) generally comprises several modules: read-write Device, label and data processing centre.Wherein, usually there is mutiple antennas in reader, there is usually one antennas in label. In such systems, label is powered not by battery, but is emitted by absorbing the transmitting antenna on reader Electromagnetic field entrained by energy work.In such systems, label can accomplish low cost and small size as far as possible, But the read range in this system and read-write stability can be accordingly restricted.
Many scholars propose different types of algorithm arrangement in succession to improve the reading of passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system Range, wherein optimum beam forming is that the performance of channel matched (Channelmatched) is often best, but realizes Optimum beam shapes must all channel informations of to master.Although this can be that the effect of beamforming algorithm reaches most preferably, This method introduces complicated channel estimation simultaneously, so the complexity of radio-frequency recognition system can be greatly increased.
Summary of the invention
To solve the problems, such as that above-mentioned background technique, the present invention propose a kind of apply in the passive superfrequency of full duplex Blind adaptive beamforming algorithm on radio-frequency recognition system, the algorithm do not require exact channel estimation, greatly reduce and penetrate The complexity of frequency identifying system.
Technical proposal that the invention solves the above-mentioned problems is: a kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm is applied in full duplex On passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system, it is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:
1) n=0 and w is initialized(0)~Nc(0, IM)；
Wherein, W indicates the weight of antenna, and M indicates the quantity of antenna；
2) judge whether following condition is true:
Wherein, ε is threshold value (Threshold),It is in backward chaining, what is received in reader is reversed scattered Penetrate energy；
If so, show that the either backscatters energy fluctuation range received is less than threshold value, repetitive process terminates；
If not, then perform the next step；
3) n=n+1；
4) Kp perturbation vector is generated:
pi~Nc(O, I), i=1 ..., Kp；
5) Kp new weight vectors are generated:
Wherein, β is weight adjustment size；
6) energy received is calculated:
Wherein, GrIndicate the gain of reading and writing device antenna, GtIndicate the gain of label antenna, PTXIndicate the transmitting of reader Energy, PLIndicate channel loss, h is channel vector；
The weight generated for Kp, the corresponding either backscatters energy received can be measured in reader, finally be read and write Device can adjust new weighted value according to the maximum reverse scattering energy received；
7) following formula is updated:
8) step 2) is executed.
Advantages of the present invention:
A kind of blind adaptive beam forming applied on the passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system of full duplex of the present invention is calculated Method can dramatically increase the read range of system, and the close performance for optimizing beam forming of its performance.So proving to be somebody's turn to do Blind adaptive beamforming algorithm can effectively increase the read range of superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system；The algorithm is innovatively It proposes the theory of an iteration, to subtract the necessity and complexity of channel estimation in more original method, operates Process is simple, greatly reduces the cost of system operation, while improving efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is full duplex type superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system structure chart；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention applies the blind adaptive beam forming on the passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system of full duplex to calculate Method flow chart.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of embodiment of the present invention clearer, implement below in conjunction with the present invention The technical solution in embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described in attached drawing in mode, it is clear that described reality The mode of applying is some embodiments of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, originally Field those of ordinary skill every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts belongs to this Invent the range of protection.Therefore, below the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit The range of claimed invention processed, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on the implementation in the present invention Mode, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts, all Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system (FullDuplex) of full duplex, it is assumed that each label is static.Quan Shuan The system block diagram of the passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system of work is as shown in Fig. 1.The forward direction of system links (Forwardlink) and anti- To link (ReverseLink) channel coefficients having the same.
In forward direction link, the energy fluence received at label can be indicated are as follows:
Wherein, GrIndicate the gain of reader device antenna, GtIndicate the gain of label antenna, PTXIndicate the hair of reader Penetrate energy, PL(d) channel loss, h=[h are indicated1..., hM]TIt is channel vector, hiIndicate i-th of transmitting antenna and label it Between channel coefficients.M indicates the quantity of antenna, and W indicates the weight of antenna, i.e. beam-forming weights, w=[w1..., wM]TAnd And | | w | |=1.
Therefore, the limitation of the forward direction link of the system of multi-antenna structure can be expressed as following formula:
PTXGrGtPL(d)|wHh|≥PTS；
In backward chaining, the either backscatters energy received in reader be may be expressed as:
Therefore, we are it can be concluded that the constraint condition in backward chaining in multiaerial system is (constraint):
If meeting conditionSo system limits before being considered to link (ForwardLinkLimited), corresponding maximum read range can indicate are as follows:
In addition, system is considered backward chaining limitation when meeting condition (ReverseLinklimited), corresponding maximum read range can indicate are as follows:
Currently, have the algorithm of several beam formings than more commonly used, equal weight beamforming algorithm (EqualWeightBeamforming)；Accidental beam shaping algorithm (RandomBeamforming) and optimum beam forming Algorithm (OBF).
For EBF, each weighted value is a normalized vector, such as:
Wherein, M is the total quantity of antenna.
For RBF, weight is randomly generated according to specific distribution and normal state, such as:
The step of superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system passive for full duplex, blind adaptive beamforming algorithm such as 2 institute of attached drawing Show.At the beginning of algorithm, reader can issue a continuous wave to detecting label, and assess and reversely dissipate from label It is emitted back towards the energy come.The blind adaptive beamforming algorithm on the passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system of full duplex is applied, including Following steps:
1) n=0 and w is initialized(0)~Nc(0, IM)；
Wherein, W indicates the weight of antenna, and M indicates the quantity of antenna；
2) judge whether following condition is true:
Wherein, ε is threshold value (Threshold),It is in backward chaining, what is received in reader is reversed scattered Penetrate energy；
If so, show that the either backscatters energy fluctuation range received is less than threshold value, repetitive process terminates；
If not, then perform the next step；
3) n=n+1；
4) Kp perturbation vector is generated:
pi~Nc(O, I), i=1 ..., Kp；
5) Kp new weight vectors are generated:
Wherein, β is weight adjustment size；
6) energy received is calculated:
Wherein, GrIndicate the gain of reading and writing device antenna, GtIndicate the gain of label antenna, PTXIndicate the transmitting of reader Energy, PLIndicate channel loss, h is channel vector；
The weight generated for Kp, the corresponding either backscatters energy received can be measured in reader, finally be read and write Device can adjust new weighted value according to the maximum reverse scattering energy received；
7) following formula is updated:
8) step 2) is executed.
After recycling above-mentioned process, required weight just can be obtained, by the performance of the weighted value close to best wave The performance of beam shaping weight.
The technical program have passed through the verifying of specific experiment, and experiment covers transmitting antenna and the reception of different number Antenna, and comparison is made in several beamforming algorithms, experimental result is shown, in superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system Using blind adaptive beamforming algorithm, the read range of system, and the close optimization wave beam of its performance can be dramatically increased The performance of forming.So proving that the blind adaptive beamforming algorithm can effectively increase superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system Read range.
The technical program can be applied to charge in occasion and Internet of Things application scenarios in wireless radiofrequency.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not limited the scope of the invention with this, all to utilize this hair Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content, it is relevant to be applied directly or indirectly in other System regions similarly include within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm is applied to the passive superfrequency radio-frequency recognition system of full duplex, it is characterised in that:
1) n=0 and w is initialized(0)~Nc(0, IM)；
Wherein, W indicates the weight of antenna, and M indicates the quantity of antenna；
2) judge whether following condition is true:
Wherein, ε is threshold value (Threshold),It is the backscattering energy received in reader in backward chaining Amount；
If so, show that the either backscatters energy fluctuation range received is less than threshold value, repetitive process terminates；
If not, then perform the next step；
3) n=n+1；
4) Kp perturbation vector is generated:
pi~Nc(O, I), i=1 ..., Kp；
5) Kp new weight vectors are generated:
Wherein, β is weight adjustment size；
6) energy received is calculated:
Wherein, GrIndicate the gain of reading and writing device antenna, GtIndicate the gain of label antenna, PTXIndicate the emitted energy of reader, PL Indicate channel loss, h is channel vector；
The weight generated for Kp, the corresponding either backscatters energy received can measure in reader, last reader meeting New weighted value is adjusted according to the maximum reverse scattering energy received；
7) following formula is updated:
8) step 2) is executed.
CN201811472628.6A 2018-12-04 2018-12-04 A kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm Pending CN109617588A (en)

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PCT/CN2019/121505 WO2020114306A1 (en) 2018-12-04 2019-11-28 Blind adaptive beam forming algorithm

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Cited By (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020114309A1 (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Blind adaptive beamforming algorithm
WO2020114306A1 (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Blind adaptive beam forming algorithm

Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8400224B1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2013-03-19 Broadcom Corporation Programmable low noise amplifier and methods for use therewith
CN105550720A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-05-04 杨刚 RFID system capable of enhancing read-write distance and read-write method thereof and energy distribution optimization method

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US20140111311A1 (en) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-24 Symbol Technologies, Inc. Method and apparatus for operating an rfid reader
CN103235959B (en) * 2013-04-01 2016-08-24 深圳市远望谷信息技术股份有限公司 The method that aerial array output forms digital beam is made in read write line
CN108092926B (en) * 2017-11-21 2019-12-31 北京交通大学 Parameter estimation method of passive backscatter communication channel
CN109617588A (en) * 2018-12-04 2019-04-12 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 A kind of blind adaptive beamforming algorithm

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8400224B1 (en) * 2011-10-28 2013-03-19 Broadcom Corporation Programmable low noise amplifier and methods for use therewith
CN105550720A (en) * 2015-11-27 2016-05-04 杨刚 RFID system capable of enhancing read-write distance and read-write method thereof and energy distribution optimization method

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020114309A1 (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Blind adaptive beamforming algorithm
WO2020114306A1 (en) * 2018-12-04 2020-06-11 中国科学院深圳先进技术研究院 Blind adaptive beam forming algorithm

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Application publication date: 20190412