CN109617322A - A kind of anti-demagnetization protection structure and method of automobile permanent magnet motor - Google Patents
A kind of anti-demagnetization protection structure and method of automobile permanent magnet motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109617322A CN109617322A CN201811638783.0A CN201811638783A CN109617322A CN 109617322 A CN109617322 A CN 109617322A CN 201811638783 A CN201811638783 A CN 201811638783A CN 109617322 A CN109617322 A CN 109617322A
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- magnet steel
- winding
- special winding
- motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
- H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/02—Details
- H02K21/04—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation
- H02K21/042—Windings on magnets for additional excitation ; Windings and magnets for additional excitation with permanent magnets and field winding both rotating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of anti-demagnetization of automobile permanent magnet motor protection structure and methods, including stator and rotor, rotor is towards the side of stator circumferentially arranged with multiple groups magnet steel, it include one or adjacent multiple magnet steel units in every group of magnet steel, special winding is provided with around magnetic slot, the working rules of special winding are as follows: controller takes control circuit module before ASC strategy to be closed, special winding conducting, stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault, the magnetic induction line direction that special winding generates changes in the opposite direction with the magnetic induction line generated when stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault, and the magnetic field covering magnet steel generated when special winding conducting needs position to be protected.The present invention near motor rotor magnetic steel by designing special winding, when motor enters ASC, this winding can use faraday electromagnetic induction principle, it demagnetizes under the transient current effect for avoiding magnet steel from generating during ASC, also, setting motor special winding will not influence the electromagnetic performance of motor on this basis.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of anti-demagnetization of new-energy automobile magneto more particularly to automobile permanent magnet motor protections to tie
Structure and method.
Background technique
This part is introduced used in new energy vehicles magneto from following several respects:
A) demand of the new-energy automobile to magneto
New-energy automobile requires motor speed high, and torque is greatly to meet good starting or climbing capacity and higher vehicle
Speed；On the other hand, since passenger car space is limited, weight demands are stringent, and motor must realize lightweight, and it is close to reach high torque (HT)
Degree；Meanwhile automobile motor must have high reliability and height maintainable.PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous motor) is due to good speed regulation
Ability and high torque density, are used widely in new-energy automobile.But lightweight and the pursuit of high power density will lead to
Motor degree of saturation improves, and increases the risk of magnet steel demagnetization.The design of high speed simultaneously will lead to the increase of magnet steel eddy-current loss, magnetic
Steel temperature rise is serious, and demagnetization risk increases.
B) ASC (controller active short-circuit protection) function
When system breaks down either motor induced voltage breakthrough controller secure controlled range, controller is usually adopted
Fast braking is realized with the mode of the stator winding of active electrical short circuit, i.e., by IGBT module (insulated gate bipolar transistor)
Upper bridge or lower bridge remain closed, and make motor threephase stator winding short-circuit.The strategy of this active short circuit, can allow energy in motor
It is actively consumed in winding, to ensure that the safety of whole system.But during this, a wink can be generated in machine winding
The peak point current of state, this electric current are possible to that rotor magnetic steel is allowed to demagnetize.
C) Preservation tactics
The maximum threat of New energy automobile motor magnet steel demagnetization two is the impact of excessively high temperature and high current.Excessively high
Temperature will lead to coercivity and the remanent magnetism decline of magnet steel, and temperature is higher, and the ratio of decline is higher；And ASC function will appear
A possibility that transient peak electric current increases heavy current impact, increases magnet steel demagnetization.
In the prior art, in order to promote the anti-demagnetization capability of magnet steel, common way is to change the higher trade mark, or to magnetic
Steel be easy demagnetization position use different magnetic materials, such as Publication No. CN105811616A, CN104753212A or
Technical solution disclosed in CN105024511A.But it can significantly be mentioned using the corresponding motor manufacturing cost of the magnet steel of the high trade mark
It rises, and using has different coercitive piecemeal magnet steel, the production process of magnet steel is more complicated.
Summary of the invention
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of anti-demagnetizations of automobile permanent magnet motor to protect structure
And method improves rotor on the basis of using existing magnet steel for the ASC function of motor, can weaken
Impact of the maximum transient current that ASC process occurs to rotor, avoids the magnet steel on rotor under heavy current impact
It demagnetizes.
In order to achieve the above purpose, present invention employs technical solutions below:
A kind of anti-demagnetization protection structure of automobile permanent magnet motor, including stator and rotor, a lateral edge of the rotor towards stator
It is circumferentially with multiple groups magnet steel, includes one or adjacent multiple magnet steel units in every group of magnet steel, magnet steel unit is mounted on motor and turns
Towards the axially extending of rotor in magnetic slot on son, special winding is provided with around magnetic slot, which is characterized in that Mei Gete
Different winding is respectively provided with first end and second end, and first end and second end is connected and composed by an on-off circuit module and is closed back
Road, on-off circuit module are controlled by controller, the working rules of special winding are as follows: controller is taken and controls electricity before ASC strategy
Road module closure, special winding conducting, stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault, when the magnetic induction line direction that special winding generates is with stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault
The magnetic induction line of generation changes in the opposite direction, and the magnetic field covering magnet steel generated when special winding conducting needs position to be protected.
Preferably, it needs magnet steel to be protected to be respectively equipped with special winding for corresponding every group, is equipped in one group of magnet steel N number of
Magnet steel unit, and N number of magnet steel unit is towards being distributed with M side in the circumferential direction of stator side；Corresponding the setting of this group of magnet steel X special
Winding, X is integer and value is between 1-M.
As optimal technical scheme, X is identical as the value of N, and each special winding is separately positioned on the outer of a magnet steel unit
Side, the range that the closed circuit that X special winding is constituted is drawn a circle to approve is mutually indepedent and a magnet steel is completely covered respectively towards calmly
The end face of sub- side.Using this setup, considers actual process application, implement and be easiest to, and anti-demagnetization effectiveness
Obviously.
The present invention near motor rotor magnetic steel by designing special winding, and when motor enters ASC, this winding can benefit
With faraday's electromagnetic induction principle, demagnetize under the transient current effect for avoiding magnet steel from generating during ASC, also,
Motor special winding is arranged on the basis of this will not influence the electromagnetic performance of motor.
The invention also discloses a kind of anti-demagnetization guard methods of automobile permanent magnet motor, and this method is based on a kind of above-mentioned vehicle
It is realized with the anti-demagnetization protection structure of magneto, method includes the following steps:
1) monitoring control devices electric machine operation state judges whether to need to open ASC protection, if motor works in normal mode,
Execute step 2)；If motor work executes step 3) under the fault mode for needing to open ASC protection；
2) special coil is disconnected, is returned to step 1)；
3) the on-off circuit module closure of controller control special winding, subsequently into ASC mode, returns to step
1)。
This method make under normal circumstances special winding be in an off state, motor work normally；After detecting failure,
Special winding closure, motor enter asc state, and until troubleshooting, special coil is disconnected, motor work back to normal.We
Method both can allow inverter to be taken under any revolving speed and operating point under the precondition for not influencing motor normal working performance
ASC Preservation tactics in turn avoid permanent magnet synchronous motor and occur magnet steel demagnetization risk in the process.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is one of the arrangement of magnet steel and special winding on rotor in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the correspondence diagram of magnet steel and special winding in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the simple schematic diagram of special winding set-up mode in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the simulation comparison figure that demagnetized using the magnet steel of the not set special winding of Fig. 1 structure and the special set group of setting.
Fig. 5 is the motor peak torque simulation comparison figure using the not set special winding of Fig. 1 structure and the special set group of setting.
Fig. 6 is the two of the arrangement of magnet steel and special winding on rotor.
Fig. 7 is the three of the arrangement of magnet steel and special winding on rotor.
Fig. 8 is the four of the arrangement of magnet steel and special winding on rotor.
Fig. 9 is electrical machine working mode logic control flow process figure.
Wherein: 1, rotor；11, magnetic slot；2, magnet steel unit；3, special winding；4, on-off circuit module；
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiment of this patent is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, and is retouched carrying out position
When stating, the center of rotation with stator and rotor be it is interior, rotor is located on the inside of stator.
Automobile permanent magnet motor includes stator and rotor 1, sets up stator winding in the side week of stator towards rotor 1, is turned
Son 1 is towards the side of stator circumferentially arranged with multiple groups magnet steel.According to the difference for the magnet steel type that motor uses, wrapped in every group of magnet steel
One or adjacent multiple magnet steel units 2 are included, magnet steel unit 2 is mounted in 1 slot of rotor on rotor 1 towards rotor 1
It is axially extending, slot installs a magnet steel unit 2.Such as: when motor uses V-type magnet steel, included at least in one group of magnet steel
Two positioned circumferentially adjacent magnet steel units 2, the V-shaped arrangement in 1 circumferential direction of rotor of all magnet steel units 2 of one group of magnet steel,
Such as Fig. 3-6；When motor uses a type magnet steel, a magnet steel unit 2, all magnetic in one group of magnet steel are included at least in one group of magnet steel
Steel is circumferential inline in rotor 1, and this group of magnet steel is vertical with the diametrical direction of rotor 1；Motor is using double
Include inside and outside two pairs of adjacent magnet steel radially when one type magnet steel, in one group of magnet steel, includes at least a magnetic in each pair of magnet steel
Steel unit 2, and with all magnet steel units 2 in a pair of of magnet steel respectively in the circumferential inline and and motor of rotor 1
The diametrical direction of rotor 1 is vertical；It include radially inside and outside adjacent two when motor adds a type magnet steel using V, in one group of magnet steel
To magnet steel, one pair of them magnet steel arranges that another pair magnet steel presses the arrangement mode cloth of a type magnet steel by the arrangement mode of V-type magnet steel
It sets；It include that inside and outside two pairs of adjacent magnet steel, two pairs of magnet steel are distinguished radially when motor uses double V-shaped magnet steel, in one group of magnet steel
It is arranged by the arrangement mode of V-type magnet steel.The magnet steel type that motor uses further includes U-shaped and double-U-shaped etc..
In the application, rotor 1 is equipped with several special windings 3, and each special winding 3 is respectively provided with first end and the
Two ends, first end and second end connects and composes closed circuit by an on-off circuit module 4, when on-off circuit module 4 is closed,
Special winding 3 is connected, and when on-off circuit module 4 disconnects, special winding 3 is disconnected.The working rules of special winding 3 are as follows: controller
Control circuit module 4 before ASC strategy is taken to be closed, special winding 3 is connected, stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault, the magnetic that special winding generates
Sense line direction changes in the opposite direction with the magnetic induction line generated when stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault, and the magnetic field generated when the conducting of special winding 3
Covering magnet steel needs position to be protected.
4 on-off of on-off circuit module is controlled by controller, and when motor works normally, on-off circuit module 4 is disconnected；Work as electricity
When machine enters asc state, on-off circuit module 4 is closed, at this point, this is special when maximum great instantaneous current occurs in ASC process
The meeting induced electromotive force of winding 3, and induced current is generated, one and the reversed magnetic field of ASC transient current is consequently formed, to weaken
Impact of the transient current to rotor 1 avoids 1 magnet steel of rotor and demagnetizes under high current field strength.
The present invention near 1 magnet steel of rotor by designing special winding 3, and when motor enters ASC, this winding can be with
Using faraday electromagnetic induction principle, demagnetize under the transient current effect for avoiding magnet steel from generating during ASC, also,
Setting motor special winding 3 will not influence the electromagnetic performance of motor on this basis.
Above-mentioned coiling rule is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
Such as Fig. 1-3, V-type magnet steel is used in the present embodiment, one group of magnet steel is made of two magnet steel units 2, the magnet steel list
Member 2 is rectangle, and magnet steel unit 2 is axially extending along 1 slot of rotor.Corresponding one group of magnet steel sets that there are two special windings 3, each special
Winding 3 is separately positioned on the outside of a magnet steel unit 2, the range phase that the closed circuit that two special windings 3 are constituted is drawn a circle to approve
It is mutually independent and end face of the magnet steel towards stator side is completely covered respectively.
It is compared by Fig. 4 it is found that magnet steel demagnetization is obvious when without special winding 3；In addition after special winding 3, magnet steel demagnetization
Region is almost nil.As it can be seen that the special winding 3 in the present embodiment prevents magnetic during ASC for automobile permanent magnet synchronous motor
The effect of steel demagnetization is clearly.
As shown in Figure 5, the arrangement of special winding 3 front and back, motor torque values are almost the same with waveform.As it can be seen that special winding 3
Design do not have an impact the electromagnetic performance of motor.
Embodiment 2:
Such as Fig. 6, the present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, two special windings 3 difference of corresponding one group of magnet steel setting
The range that the closed circuit of composition is drawn a circle to approve, which exists, to be overlapped, the model that the closed circuit that one of special winding 3A is constituted is drawn a circle to approve
It encloses and is greater than the range that the closed circuit that another special winding 3B is constituted is drawn a circle to approve, the model that the closed circuit of special winding 3A is drawn a circle to approve
It encloses in one group of magnet steel of covering towards outermost both sides in the circumferential direction of stator side, what the closed circuit of special winding 3B was drawn a circle to approve
Range covers in one group of magnet steel towards the both sides of relative inner in the circumferential direction of stator side.
Embodiment 3:
Such as Fig. 7, the present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, four special windings 3 are arranged in corresponding one group of magnet steel, each
The range that the closed circuit that special winding 3 is constituted is drawn a circle to approve is mutually indepedent, the model that the closed circuit of each special winding 3 is drawn a circle to approve
It encloses and is covered each by one group of magnet steel towards the multiple summits in the circumferential direction of stator side.
Embodiment 4:
Such as Fig. 8, the present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that, three special windings 3 are arranged in corresponding one group of magnet steel, each
The range that the closed circuit that special winding 3 is constituted is drawn a circle to approve is mutually indepedent, and the closed circuit of two of them special winding 3 is drawn a circle to approve
Range covering be covered each by one group of magnet steel towards outermost both sides in the circumferential direction of stator side, another group of special winding 3
The range that the closed circuit of composition is drawn a circle to approve covers in one group of magnet steel towards the both sides of relative inner in the circumferential direction of stator side.
The invention also discloses a kind of anti-demagnetization guard methods of automobile permanent magnet motor, and this method is based on vehicle disclosed above
It is realized with the anti-demagnetization protection structure of magneto, comprising the following steps:
1) monitoring control devices electric machine operation state judges whether to need to open ASC protection, if motor works in normal mode,
Step 2) is executed, if motor work executes step 3) under the fault mode for needing to open ASC protection；
2) special coil is disconnected, is returned to step 1)；
3) on-off circuit module 4 of controller control special winding 3 is closed, and subsequently into ASC mode, is returned to step
1)。
Wherein, what controller monitoring electric machine operation state judged whether to need to open ASC protection is implemented as existing skill
Art, herein not reinflated explanation.
This method make under normal circumstances special winding 3 be in an off state, motor work normally；When detect failure it
Afterwards, special winding 3 is closed, and motor enters asc state, and until troubleshooting, special coil is disconnected, motor work back to normal.
This method both can allow inverter under any revolving speed and operating point under the precondition for not influencing motor normal working performance
ASC Preservation tactics are taken, permanent magnet synchronous motor is in turn avoided and occurs magnet steel demagnetization risk in the process.
Magnetic steel of motor is single V-type design in Examples 1 to 4 in the present invention, but since rotor magnetic steel has single, double one, double V
Etc. many design forms, it is not unfolded one by one herein.It is all to be related to carrying out anti-back to magnet steel using this special winding or similar type
The design of magnetic protection is within protection scope.
Claims (4)
1. structure, including stator and rotor, lateral edge week of the rotor towards stator are protected in a kind of anti-demagnetization of automobile permanent magnet motor
It include one or adjacent multiple magnet steel units in every group of magnet steel to multiple groups magnet steel is equipped with, magnet steel unit is mounted on rotor
On magnetic slot in towards the axially extending of rotor, be provided with special winding around magnetic slot, which is characterized in that each special
Winding is respectively provided with first end and second end, and first end and second end is connected and composed by an on-off circuit module and is closed back
Road, on-off circuit module are controlled by controller, the working rules of special winding are as follows: controller is taken and controls electricity before ASC strategy
Road module closure, special winding conducting, stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault, when the magnetic induction line direction that special winding generates is with stator winding inter-turn short circuit fault
The magnetic induction line of generation changes in the opposite direction, and the magnetic field covering magnet steel generated when special winding conducting needs position to be protected.
2. structure is protected in a kind of anti-demagnetization of automobile permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, feature is being, corresponding every
Group needs magnet steel to be protected to be respectively equipped with special winding, and N number of magnet steel unit, and N number of magnet steel unit direction are equipped in one group of magnet steel
M side is distributed in the circumferential direction of stator side；Corresponding this group of magnet steel is arranged X special winding, X for integer and value 1-M it
Between.
3. structure is protected in the anti-demagnetization of automobile permanent magnet motor according to claim 2 a kind of, feature is being, X and N's
It is worth identical, each special winding is separately positioned on the outside of a magnet steel unit, and the closed circuit that X special winding is constituted is enclosed
Fixed range is mutually indepedent and end face of the magnet steel towards stator side is completely covered respectively.
4. a kind of anti-demagnetization guard method of automobile permanent magnet motor, which is characterized in that based on such as any one of claim 1-3 institute
Structure is protected in a kind of anti-demagnetization for the automobile permanent magnet motor stated, method includes the following steps:
1) monitoring control devices electric machine operation state judges whether to need to open ASC protection, if motor work is executed in normal mode
Step 2)；If motor work executes step 3) under the fault mode for needing to open ASC protection；
2) special coil is disconnected, is returned to step 1)；
3) 1) the on-off circuit module closure of controller control special winding, subsequently into ASC mode, returns to step.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811638783.0A CN109617322A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of anti-demagnetization protection structure and method of automobile permanent magnet motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811638783.0A CN109617322A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of anti-demagnetization protection structure and method of automobile permanent magnet motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109617322A true CN109617322A (en) | 2019-04-12 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811638783.0A Pending CN109617322A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of anti-demagnetization protection structure and method of automobile permanent magnet motor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110596587A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-20 | 合肥巨一动力系统有限公司 | Motor pair drag durability test system and safety protection method thereof |
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| CN1909328A (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-02-07 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for protecting magnetic elements from demagnetization |
| KR20100080894A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-07-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Motor of green car and drive control method thereof |
| CN106575909A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2017-04-19 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | Layered permanent magnet with conductive cage rotor construction |
| CN106877540A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-06-20 | 西门子公司 | Motor with the anti-short circuit capability for improving |
| CN107968614A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-27 | 远景能源（江苏）有限公司 | Demagnetization guard method applied to magneto |
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2018
- 2018-12-29 CN CN201811638783.0A patent/CN109617322A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1909328A (en) * | 2005-06-30 | 2007-02-07 | 通用电气公司 | System and method for protecting magnetic elements from demagnetization |
| KR20100080894A (en) * | 2010-06-28 | 2010-07-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Motor of green car and drive control method thereof |
| CN106575909A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2017-04-19 | Abb瑞士股份有限公司 | Layered permanent magnet with conductive cage rotor construction |
| CN106877540A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2017-06-20 | 西门子公司 | Motor with the anti-short circuit capability for improving |
| CN107968614A (en) * | 2017-12-18 | 2018-04-27 | 远景能源（江苏）有限公司 | Demagnetization guard method applied to magneto |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110596587A (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2019-12-20 | 合肥巨一动力系统有限公司 | Motor pair drag durability test system and safety protection method thereof |
| CN110596587B (en) * | 2019-09-09 | 2022-02-08 | 合肥巨一动力系统有限公司 | Motor pair drag durability test system and safety protection method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20190412 |