CN109613443A - A kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
A kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN109613443A CN109613443A CN201811565474.5A CN201811565474A CN109613443A CN 109613443 A CN109613443 A CN 109613443A CN 201811565474 A CN201811565474 A CN 201811565474A CN 109613443 A CN109613443 A CN 109613443A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of evaluation methods of health state of lithium ion battery, anode, cathode and full battery normalized voltage curve are respectively obtained through normalized to the current potential and potential change between lithium piece and positive and negative anodes to lithium piece, cathode using anode in three electrode principles monitoring charging process；Utilize voltage curve approximating method estimation anode health status, battery cathode health status and full battery health status.Present invention reduces costs, do not need many experiments, improve to cell health state estimation accuracy and can the life-span SOH accurately to the anode of battery, cathode and full battery estimate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of lithium ion battery, more particularly, to a kind of estimation side of health state of lithium ion battery
Method.
Background technique
With the fast development of new-energy automobile, the trip of people is not only facilitated, but also alleviates air pollution and change
Stone fuel problem in short supply.The major impetus source of electric car is power battery, due to its safety, economy and dynamic property
Key factor as electric car future development.But battery passes through after Reusability, battery capacity can be decayed,
So that the operating range of electric car shortens；When battery capacity decaying, if capacity when according further to factory is filled
Electric discharge, it may appear that the case where super-charge super-discharge, the service life of battery, which will receive, to be seriously affected, and uses the longevity so as to shorten power battery
Life.Cell health state (SOH) the i.e. service life of remaining battery, the charge and discharge cycles number of remaining battery.
Influence battery factor it is very much, it is considered that temperature is affected to battery life, temperature it is excessively high or
The too low internal structure that can all influence battery, to influence the service life of battery；For the battery of identical capacity, depth of discharge
Bigger, the service life of battery will shorten；Charging and discharging currents cross conference and accelerate inside battery polarization, and battery life is substantially reduced；This
There are also some other influence factors outside such as: the storage environment and applying working condition of battery.It can be seen that Accurate Prediction battery
Life-span is particularly important.
In the prior art, to the definition of cell health state, there are three types of modes: (1) internal resistance method: the SOH of battery is with battery
Being gradually increased for internal resistance and decay, SOH=100%- (current internal resistance value-service life initial internal resistance value)/(end-of-life internal resistance value-
Service life initial internal resistance value) * 100%.The emphasis of this method is accurately to measure the internal resistance of battery, the disadvantage is that not accounting for battery
Rated capacity.(2) actual capacity method: the current maximum allowable active volume/initial nominal capacity * 100% of SOH=, disadvantage by
The influence of use condition and environment.(3) cycle-index method: SOH=residue charging times/maximum allowable charging times * 100%,
The disadvantage is that relying on a large amount of experimental data, experimental period is long.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the present invention is directed to propose a kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery, is more accurately estimated
The life-span of battery does not need many experiments, at low cost.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery, includes the following steps:
1) reference electrode is drawn, battery is fabricated to three electrode forms, acquires in charging process anode to reference electrode, negative
Extremely to the voltage data between reference electrode and positive and negative anodes, voltage curve is formed；
2) three voltage curves are normalized respectively, obtain three normalized voltage curves；
3) curve-fitting method is respectively adopted to three normalized voltage curves, obtains estimation anode, battery cathode
With the algorithmic formula of the SOH of full battery.
Further, it is drawn in step 1 using lithium piece and is used as reference electrode, battery is fabricated to three electrode forms.
Further, the normalized in step 2 is to carry out voltage curve with blanking voltage and initial voltage difference
Normalization.
Further, the algorithmic formula of SOH is estimated in step 3 are as follows:
SOH=(t2-t1)*I/(c2-c1)/C
In above formula: t1、t2Respectively indicate two different moments, c1、c2Respectively t1、t2The specific capacity at moment, can according to
t1、t2The voltage V that moment measures1、V2It is obtained in normalized voltage curve；I is charging current, and C is the rated capacity of battery.
Further, anode is acquired in charging process to reference electrode, cathode pair simultaneously by multi pass acquisition instrument in step 1
Voltage data between reference electrode and positive and negative anodes.
Compared with the existing technology, present invention has the advantage that
(1) present invention utilizes three electrode principles to acquire anode in charging process respectively electric to reference to reference electrode, cathode
Current potential and potential change between pole and positive and negative anodes obtain the charging voltage curve of anode, cathode and full battery in charging process,
Can estimate anode, cathode and full battery health status respectively, help more accurately to estimate battery life-span and
The failure site of detailed analysis battery；
(2) present invention provides a stable electrode potential in measurement process, is surveying using lithium piece as reference electrode
The current potential of lithium piece is invariable during examination, thus can accurately measure anode and cathode in charging process as reference electrode
Current potential, polarized influence can be excluded, more accurately measure charging process in anode, cathode and full battery voltage change,
More accurate basic data is provided for the calculating of subsequent voltage curve matching and cell health state；
(3) present invention reduces costs by voltage curve approximating method estimating state of health of battery, does not need a large amount of realities
It tests.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, schematic reality of the invention
It applies example and its explanation is used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper limitations of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of three electrode form batteries described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the voltage curve between battery plus-negative plate described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the normalized voltage curve graph between battery plus-negative plate described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the normalized voltage curve graph of anode described in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the normalized voltage curve graph of battery cathode described in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the present invention can phase
Mutually combination.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Because battery, after long-term charge and discharge use, the activity of the positive and negative electrode material in battery can reduce, and battery can be gradually
Aging leads to spread of voltage in use, it is possible to the health status of battery is analyzed according to the variation of voltage.
A kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery of the embodiment of the present invention, includes the following steps:
Step 1, reference electrode is drawn, battery is fabricated to three electrode forms, battery plus-negative plate connects charge and discharge device, adopts
Anode forms voltage curve to reference electrode, cathode to the voltage data between reference electrode and positive and negative anodes in collection charging process；
It is used as reference electrode as shown in Figure 1, drawing in step 1 using lithium piece, battery is fabricated to three electrode forms；Such as figure
2 show the voltage curve citing between battery charging positive and negative anodes；
Step 2, three voltage curves are normalized respectively, obtain three normalized voltage curves；
Specifically, the normalized in step 2 is to return voltage curve with blanking voltage and initial voltage difference
One changes, and is respectively divided lithium piece and positive and negative anodes voltage curve anode in charging process lithium piece, cathode using the identical algorithm
It not being normalized, normalized voltage curve of the Fig. 3 between battery plus-negative plate, Fig. 4 is positive normalized voltage curve,
Fig. 5 is cathode normalized voltage curve.
When specific operation, the voltage curve that multiple periods are obtained in step 1 selects one from different voltage curves
Datum curve is normalized；
Step 3, curve-fitting method is respectively adopted to three normalized voltage curves, obtains estimation anode, battery
The algorithmic formula of cathode and the SOH of full battery；
Because battery is under different SOH states, when being filled with identical electricity, cell voltage has different variable quantities,
So according to the percentage c for the total capacity in certain time being electricity and battery that battery is filled with, to calculate SOH；
The algorithmic formula of SOH is estimated in step 3 are as follows:
SOH=(t2-t1)*I/(c2-c1)/C
In above formula: t1、t2Respectively indicate two different moments, c1、c2Respectively t1、t2The specific capacity at moment, i.e. Fig. 3 are to 5
In corresponding abscissa normalize capacity (the present embodiment is specific discharge capacity), can be according in t1、t2The voltage that moment measures
V1、V2It is obtained in normalized voltage curve；I is charging current, and C is the rated capacity of battery；
Benefit can calculate separately out the life-span of anode, cathode and full battery in a like fashion.
Anode is acquired in charging process to reference electrode, cathode to reference electrode simultaneously by multi pass acquisition instrument in step 1
Voltage data between positive and negative anodes.
When battery is in different health status, it is filled with or is released identical electricity, it is special that different voltage can be shown
Sign, the present invention are exactly that the health status of battery is estimated using output voltage variation, that is, the curve-fitting method of voltage.
In general, either charging voltage curve or discharge voltage profile can estimate SOH, but in reality
Discharge process is more complicated and irregular in use process, and charging situation is than more consistent, so, the present invention is using charging electricity
Pressure is to calculate SOH.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that include the following steps:
1) reference electrode is drawn, battery is fabricated to three electrode forms, anode is to reference electrode, cathode pair in acquisition charging process
Voltage data between reference electrode and positive and negative anodes forms voltage curve；
2) three voltage curves are normalized respectively, obtain three normalized voltage curves；
3) curve-fitting method is respectively adopted to three normalized voltage curves, obtains estimation anode, battery cathode and complete
The algorithmic formula of the SOH of battery.
2. a kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1
It is drawn using lithium piece and is used as reference electrode, battery is fabricated to three electrode forms.
3. a kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 2
Normalized be that voltage curve is normalized with blanking voltage and initial voltage difference.
4. a kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 3
Estimate the algorithmic formula of SOH are as follows:
SOH=(t2-t1)*I/(c2-c1)/C
In above formula: t1、t2Respectively indicate two different moments, c1、c2Respectively t1、t2The specific capacity at moment, can be according in t1、t2
The voltage V that moment measures1、V2It is obtained in normalized voltage curve；I is charging current, and C is the rated capacity of battery.
5. a kind of evaluation method of health state of lithium ion battery according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step 1
Pass through multi pass acquisition instrument and acquires in charging process anode simultaneously to reference electrode, cathode to the electricity between reference electrode and positive and negative anodes
Press data.
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| CN110146826A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | Commercial li-ion battery electrode degradation analysis method based on three-electrode system |
| CN110957785A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-03 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Battery assembly, charging control method and system |
| CN112067999A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Nondestructive acquisition system and method for open circuit potential curve of lithium ion battery anode |
| CN114527172A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-24 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Method for evaluating stability of battery positive electrode material |
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| CN114527172B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2024-05-03 | 蜂巢能源科技股份有限公司 | Evaluation method for stability of battery anode material |
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