CN109613399A - A kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy - Google Patents
A kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of line fault selection methods based on VMD energy relative entropy, include the following steps: step 1, judge the transient zero-sequence voltage of system；Step 2, the transient zero-sequence current signal of each route a cycle when acquiring failure respectively；Step 3, it is adaptively decomposed with transient zero-sequence current signal of the VMD algorithm to each route；Step 4, then the VMD energy relative entropy for calculating separately each route under different scale is overlapped summation and obtains the final total VMD energy relative entropy of each route；Step 5, total maximum 3 route L of VMD energy relative entropy in each route are selecteda, LbAnd Lc, corresponding total VMD energy relative entropy is respectively Ma, MbAnd Mc, it is assumed that meet Ma>Mb+Mc, then faulty line is La, otherwise it is judged as bus-bar fault.The method of the present invention solves the problems, such as that line fault route selection accuracy rate existing in the prior art is low.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of power systems, and in particular to a kind of line fault choosing based on VMD energy relative entropy
Line method.
Background technique
The safe and stable operation of transmission line of electricity is most important to electric system reliability service, especially entire electric system by
Gradually develop to direction that is intelligent, complicating, the fault diagnosis of route and health control be just gradually taken seriously current China 6~
35kV power distribution network is widely used small current neutral grounding mode, fault type mainly based on single-phase earthing, when route occur it is single-phase
When ground fault, since its fault ground point is the current path formed by the distribution capacity of route, corresponding impedance loop
It is very big, thus fault current is very small, is not easy to detect.So how fast and effeciently to find out faulty line with important meaning
Justice.Distribution network failure route selection method, which sums up, at present to be divided into the following two kinds: 1. based on the selection method of steady-state signal.
Such as zero sequence admittance method, quintuple harmonics method, zero-sequence current be than amplitude method, although these methods can carry out failure knowledge to route
Not, but its acquisition be the fractional value stable fault currents signal for being difficult to extract effective information, to will affect route selection result.②
Selection method based on transient signal.Line fault has an of short duration transient process when occurring, and collects this mistake
The fault information volume that its transient signal is included in the fault waveform of journey is rich more than the fault information volume that its steady-state signal is included
Richness so the fault-line selecting method based on transient signal belongs to mainstream at present, such as is carried out using wavelet analysis method and comentropy
Failure line selection, it is adaptive since wavelet basis function selection is not unique although wavelet analysis method has good time-frequency characteristic
Characteristic is poor, has an impact to route selection result.Fault-current signal is analyzed using the preferable empirical mode decomposition of adaptive characteristic, but
In decomposable process it is possible that chaff component and lead to modal overlap.There is obvious fault feature band by selection one
Analysis route selection is carried out, but this method is influenced vulnerable to the mode of connection, parameter setting etc., to lose the fault message of other frequency bands.
Since the signal of route in the event of a failure is influenced by factors such as transition resistance, fault point, failure initial phase angles, there is mutability
And randomness, therefore the method meeting lost part fault message of above-mentioned 3 kinds of proposed analysis circuit fault transient signals, thus
Influence route selection result.
Non-linear, non-stationary signal the processing method that variation mode decomposition is adaptive as one kind, can preset scale,
Extensive use must be arrived since being suggested within 2014, therefore VMD can be by the fault transient zero sequence current signal of route
It is adaptively decomposed, solves the selection of wavelet basis function, the randomness of modal overlap phenomenon and fault-signal, mutation
The problem of property.Furthermore a kind of algorithm of the energy relative entropy as entropy, it not only can reflect the mixed and disorderly degree of signal, but also to letter
Number variation it is very sensitive, the fault signature with amplified signal can quantitatively be described, to be effectively reflected fault-signal
With the difference between non-faulting signal.Therefore VMD and energy relative entropy are combined, the singlephase earth fault of power distribution network is examined
It is disconnected.Fault-signal is decomposed by VMD first, then seeks the energy relative entropy of each route respectively, is known according to the size of entropy
Be not out of order route.By carrying out accident analysis to the 10kV distribution network model built in Matlab and verifying proposed method herein
Validity and accuracy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of line fault selection methods based on VMD energy relative entropy, solve existing
The low problem of line fault route selection accuracy rate present in technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that a kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy, including
Following steps:
Step 1, it is determined by judging whether the transient zero-sequence voltage of system is greater than the 20% of voltage rating this condition
Whether singlephase earth fault is had occurred, if it exceeds singlephase earth fault then has occurred, thus the route selection process of startup separator；
Step 2, the transient zero-sequence current signal f (t) of each route a cycle when acquiring failure respectively；
Step 3, it is adaptively decomposed, is obtained with transient zero-sequence current signal f (t) of the VMD algorithm to each route
To K IMF component u of default scale parameterk(t), energy value corresponding to each IMF component is sought respectively to be overlapped to obtain each item
The energy of route；
Step 4, the VMD energy relative entropy M of each route under different scale is calculated separatelyi, then it is overlapped and sums
The total VMD energy relative entropy final to each route；
Step 5, total maximum 3 route L of VMD energy relative entropy in each route are selecteda, LbAnd Lc, corresponding total
VMD energy relative entropy is respectively Ma, MbAnd Mc, it is assumed that meet Ma>Mb+Mc, then faulty line is La, otherwise it is judged as bus event
Barrier.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that
In step 3, VMD algorithm flow is as follows:
Step S1: the construction of variational problem:
Assuming that the line single phase grounding failure transient current signal f (t) of input is decomposed into K IMF component uk(t), and
Meet the sum of the sum of broadband of K IMF component minimum and K IMF component and is equal to f (t), the Variation Model with Prescribed Properties
As shown in following formula (1):
In formula, { uk}=u1,u2,…,ukTo decomposite each IMF component come,
{ωk}={ ω1, ω2... ωKBe each IMF component centre frequency, δ (t) be unit impulse function,It is
Partial derivative of the function on time t, j indicate imaginary unit, and * is convolution symbol；
Step S2: the solution of variational problem:
The solution procedure of Variation Model formula (1) optimal solution is as follows:
Step S2.1 introduces the secondary penalty factor α and Lagrange multiplier operator λ of Lagrange, converts expansion for formula (1)
Open up the unconfined condition Variation Model of Lagrangian functional expression (2):
Step S2.2 is updated by alternating direction Multiplier AlgorithmSeek Lagrangian table
Up to " saddle point " the i.e. Variation Model optimal solution of formula；Each modal componentsMore new-standard cement such as formula (3) shown in:
In formula (3), k ∈ { 1, K }∑iui(t)=∑i≠kui(t)n+1；
Formula (3) is fourier transformed to obtain it in the expression formula of frequency domain by step S2.3:
Step S2.4 obtains the centre frequency of each IMF in the same wayWith Lagrange multiplier operator λ in frequency domain
More new-standard cement such as formula (5) and formula (6):
In formula (6), τ is noise margin parameter；
Step S2.5 enables the initialization value in above-mentioned formulaN is 0, sets suitable positive integer
K value；And u is constantly updated according to formula (4)~(6)k、ωk, λ value, then stop changing until meeting the condition of convergence in formula (7)
Otherwise in generation, continues iteration；
Step 4 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
The specific definition of step 4.1:VMD energy relative entropy is as shown in formula (8):
In above formula, P={ P1,P2,…Pn, Q={ Q1,Q2,…QnIndicate two probability distribution, when the two probability point
Cloth difference degree is bigger, then H (P, Q) is bigger, otherwise its difference degree is smaller, and H (P, Q) is smaller；
Step 4.2: then route LiDerivation of energy formula under h scale are as follows:
In formula, i is feeder line number, i=1,2 ... P；H is scale namely frequency band, h=1,2 ... K；K is the IMF that VMD is decomposed
Number；N is sampled point, n=1,2 ... N；
Step 4.3: then to the gross energy of all outlets under scale h are as follows:
Step 4.4: route LiThe ratio of shared all outlet gross energies at scale h are as follows:
Step 4.5: according to above-mentioned opposite entropy theory route LiRelative to route LjEnergy relative entropy indicate are as follows:
Step 4.6: therefore available route LiMutual total VMD energy relative entropy with other each routes are as follows:
Wherein i, j=1,2 ... P are feeder line number, and i ≠ j.
Each IMF component uk(t) all there is centre frequency.
Each IMF component uk(t) all have a finite bandwidth.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the method increase the sensitivitys of the single-phase earth fault line selection of low and medium voltage distribution network
The reliability of power supply is improved to effectively improve the efficiency of its failure line selection with reliability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the method for the present invention failure line selection；
Fig. 2 is L in embodiment of the present invention method1Line fault zero-sequence current figure；
Fig. 3 is L in embodiment of the present invention method1Route transient zero-sequence current VMD exploded view；
Fig. 4 is total VMD energy relative entropy column distribution map of each route in embodiment of the present invention method；
Fig. 5 is that the electricity distribution network model figure that bus is 10kV is built in embodiment of the present invention method.
Specific implementation
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of line fault selection methods based on VMD energy relative entropy, as shown in Figure 1, including such as
Lower step:
Step 1, it is determined by judging whether the transient zero-sequence voltage of system is greater than the 20% of voltage rating this condition
Whether singlephase earth fault is had occurred, if it exceeds singlephase earth fault then has occurred, thus the route selection process of startup separator；
Step 2, the transient zero-sequence current signal f (t) of each route a cycle when acquiring failure respectively；
Step 3, it is adaptively decomposed, is obtained with transient zero-sequence current signal f (t) of the VMD algorithm to each route
To K IMF component u of default scale parameterk(t), energy value corresponding to each IMF component is sought respectively to be overlapped to obtain each item
The energy of route；
The detailed process of its VMD algorithm is as follows in step 3:
Step S1: the construction of variational problem:
Assuming that the line single phase grounding failure transient current signal f (t) of input is decomposed into K IMF component uk(t) (every
A modal components all have centre frequency and finite bandwidth), and the sum of broadband for meeting K IMF component is minimum and K IMF divides
The sum of amount is equal to f (t), shown in such as following formula of the Variation Model with Prescribed Properties (1):
In formula, { uk}=u1,u2,…,ukTo decomposite each IMF component come,
{ωk}={ ω1, ω2... ωKBe each IMF component centre frequency, δ (t) be unit impulse function,It is
Partial derivative of the function on time t, j indicate imaginary unit, and * is convolution symbol；Initialization value is enabled hereinN is 0, sets suitable positive integer K value；
Step S2: the solution of variational problem:
The solution procedure of Variation Model formula (1) optimal solution is as follows:
Step S2.1 introduces the secondary penalty factor α and Lagrange multiplier operator λ of Lagrange, converts expansion for formula (1)
Open up the unconfined condition Variation Model of Lagrangian functional expression (2):
Step S2.2 is updated by alternating direction Multiplier AlgorithmSeek Lagrangian table
Up to " saddle point " the i.e. Variation Model optimal solution of formula；Each modal componentsMore new-standard cement such as formula (3) shown in:
In formula (3), k ∈ { 1, K },∑iui(t)=∑i≠kui(t)n+1；
Formula (3) is fourier transformed to obtain it in the expression formula of frequency domain by step S2.3:
Step S2.4 obtains the centre frequency of each IMF in the same wayWith Lagrange multiplier operator λ in frequency domain
More new-standard cement such as formula (5) and formula (6):
In formula (6), τ is noise margin parameter；
Step S2.5 enables the initialization value in above-mentioned formulaN is 0, and setting is suitable just whole
Number K value；And u is constantly updated according to formula (4)~(6)k、ωk, λ value, then stop changing until meeting the condition of convergence in formula (7)
Otherwise in generation, continues iteration；
Step 4, the VMD energy relative entropy M of each route under different scale is calculated separatelyi, then it is overlapped and sums
The total VMD energy relative entropy final to each route；
Step 4 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
The specific definition of step 4.1:VMD energy relative entropy is as shown in formula (8):
In above formula, P={ P1,P2,…Pn, Q={ Q1,Q2,…QnIndicate two probability distribution, when the two probability point
Cloth difference degree is bigger, then H (P, Q) is bigger, otherwise its difference degree is smaller, and H (P, Q) is smaller；
Step 4.2: then route LiDerivation of energy formula under h scale are as follows:
In formula, i is feeder line number, i=1,2 ... P；H is scale namely frequency band, h=1,2 ... K；K is the IMF that VMD is decomposed
Number；N is sampled point, n=1,2 ... N；
Step 4.3: then to the gross energy of all outlets under scale h are as follows:
Step 4.4: route LiThe ratio of shared all outlet gross energies at scale h are as follows:
Step 4.5: according to above-mentioned opposite entropy theory route LiRelative to route LjEnergy relative entropy indicate are as follows:
Step 4.6: therefore available route LiMutual total VMD energy relative entropy with other each routes are as follows:
Wherein i, j=1,2 ... P are feeder line number, and i ≠ j.
Step 5, total maximum 3 route L of VMD energy relative entropy in each route are selecteda, LbAnd Lc, corresponding total
VMD energy relative entropy is respectively Ma, MbAnd Mc, it is assumed that meet Ma>Mb+Mc, then faulty line is La, otherwise it is judged as bus event
Barrier.
Embodiment
1. simulation model is built
It is as shown in Figure 5 that the electricity distribution network model that bus is 10kV is built in Matlab/Simulink.The power network neutral point
For through grounding through arc, Arc Suppression Coil Compensation Degree 5%, the sample frequency of simulation waveform is set as 10kHz, and the sampling time sets
It is set to 0.2S, arc suppression coil uses 8% overcompensation mode, and 5 outlets are overhead transmission line, and line parameter circuit value is as shown in table 1,2.
1 overhead transmission line parameter list of table
2 overhead transmission line length of table
2. simulating, verifying
Route L is set1In the singlephase earth fault that A phase occurs at bus 1km, failure initial phase angle is set
Grounding point transition resistance is 10 Ω, then route L1Simulation result when failure is as shown in Figure 2.
According to this algorithm flow, VMD is carried out to the transient fault current signal in its failure the latter period and decomposes to obtain K
IMF component.Selection parameter K=3, α=2000 decompose to obtain 3 IMF components as shown in Figure 3 through VMD.
Total VMD energy relative entropy of each route is successively calculated according to mentioned formula above, calculated result is successively are as follows: M1=
28.77 M2=5.31, M3=4.30, M4=7.05, M5=4.45, as shown in Figure 4, it can be seen that total VMD energy of faulty line
It measures relative entropy and is much larger than other non-fault lines, now take wherein three i.e. M of maximum number1、M2And M4, meet M1>M2+M4, then may be used
Judge that faulty line is L1。
But when power grid actually occurs singlephase earth fault, the accuracy of route selection will receive the influence of many factors, such as
Abort situation, failure initial phase angle, the compensativity of grounding point transition resistance, arc suppression coil.Respectively by under emulation various factors
Failure discusses whether it has an impact to the resulting route selection result of the application selection method.
1) influence of the failure initial phase angle to route selection result.Route L is set1Single-phase earthing event is occurring at bus 2km
Barrier, ground connection transition resistance are 100 Ω, are emulated respectively at 0 °, 45 °, 90 ° and 180 ° four kinds of failure initial phase angle, respectively
Total VMD energy relative entropy and route selection the result such as table 3 of route.
2) influence of the abort situation to route selection result.Route L is set5Singlephase earth fault occurs, ground connection transition resistance is
500 Ω, failure initial phase angle are 0 °, are imitated respectively at tetra- kinds of fault point distance bus 4km, 8km, 12km and 16km
Very, total VMD energy relative entropy of each route and route selection result such as table 4.
3) influence of the ground connection transition resistance to route selection result.Route L is set3Single-phase earthing is occurring at bus 8km
Failure, failure initial phase angle are 90 °, respectively in the case that be grounded transition resistance be 10 Ω, 100 Ω, 500 Ω and when tetra- kinds of 1000 Ω into
Row emulation, total VMD energy relative entropy and route selection the result such as table 5 of each route.
4) influence of the Arc Suppression Coil Compensation Degree to route selection result.Route L is set4Single-phase connect is occurring at bus 3km
Earth fault, failure initial phase angle are 45 °, and ground connection transition resistance is 1000 Ω, are respectively 5%, 6%, 8% and 10% 4 in compensativity
It is emulated in the case of kind, total VMD energy relative entropy and route selection the result such as table 6 of each route.
5) table 7 is the bus-bar fault route selection situation under different operating conditions.
By the simulation result of table 3~7 can be seen that proposed selection method not by fault distance, transition resistance,
The influence of failure initial phase angle, compensativity can carry out correct route selection to faulty line in different faults, have high
Reliability and sensitivity.
In order to further verify the superiority of selected line method herein, by EMD in conjunction with energy relative entropy, in invention institute
Route L is only provided here as space is limited to the fault simulation for carrying out route on the basis of model5Failure under various operating conditions
Route selection simulation result such as table 8.
Contrast table 4 and table 8 are as can be seen that work as route L5When singlephase earth fault occurs, with EMD energy relative entropy and
The selection method of VMD energy relative entropy is able to achieve correct failure line selection, but VMD energy relative entropy is significantly greater than EMD energy
Relative entropy, discrimination is more obvious, is conducive to the sensitivity and reliability that improve route selection.
The route selection result of 3 different faults initial phase angle of table
The route selection result of 4 different faults position of table
The route selection result of 5 different faults transition resistance of table
Route selection result when 6 difference Arc Suppression Coil Compensation Degree of table
Bus-bar fault route selection result under the different operating conditions of table 7
EMD energy relative entropy route selection result under the conditions of 8 different faults of table
Advantages of the present invention are as follows:
(1) adaptive decomposition is carried out to the line-to-ground transient fault current signal under different operating conditions using VMD method, both
Avoid the limitation that modal overlap problem also avoids utilizing steady-state quantity；
(2) a kind of algorithm of the energy relative entropy as entropy can quantitatively describe and amplify the letter of each route when failure
Number feature, to be effectively reflected the difference between fault-signal and non-faulting signal；
(3) selection method is not by failure initial phase angle, fault distance, grounding point transition resistance, Arc Suppression Coil Compensation Degree
It influences, correct route selection can be achieved in varied situations；
(4) by the method for EMD combination energy relative entropy and herein, mentioned method compares simulation analysis, the results showed that this
The selection method nargin of text is bigger, performance is more excellent.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1, determined whether by judging whether the transient zero-sequence voltage of system is greater than the 20% of voltage rating this condition
Singlephase earth fault has occurred, if it exceeds singlephase earth fault then has occurred, thus the route selection process of startup separator；
Step 2, the transient zero-sequence current signal f (t) of each route a cycle when acquiring failure respectively；
Step 3, it is adaptively decomposed, is obtained pre- with transient zero-sequence current signal f (t) of the VMD algorithm to each route
If K IMF component u of scale parameterk(t), energy value corresponding to each IMF component is sought respectively to be overlapped to obtain each route
Energy；
Step 4, the VMD energy relative entropy M of each route under different scale is calculated separatelyi, then it is overlapped summation and obtains each item
The final total VMD energy relative entropy of route；
Step 5, total maximum 3 route L of VMD energy relative entropy in each route are selecteda, LbAnd Lc, corresponding total VMD
Energy relative entropy is respectively Ma, MbAnd Mc, it is assumed that meet Ma>Mb+Mc, then faulty line is La, otherwise it is judged as bus-bar fault.
2. a kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step 3, the VMD algorithm flow is as follows:
Step S1: the construction of variational problem:
Assuming that the line single phase grounding failure transient current signal f (t) of input is decomposed into K IMF component uk(t), and meet K
The sum of the sum of broadband of a IMF component minimum and K IMF component are equal to f (t), and the Variation Model with Prescribed Properties is as follows
Shown in formula (1):
In formula, { uk}=u1,u2,…,ukTo decomposite each IMF component come, { ωk}={ ω1, ω2... ωKIt is each IMF
The centre frequency of component, δ (t) are unit impulse function, θtIt is partial derivative of the function on time t, j indicates imaginary unit, *
It is convolution symbol；
Step S2: the solution of variational problem:
The solution procedure of Variation Model formula (1) optimal solution is as follows:
Step S2.1 introduces the secondary penalty factor α and Lagrange multiplier operator λ of Lagrange, converts extension for formula (1) and draws
The unconfined condition Variation Model of Ge Lang functional expression (2):
Step S2.2 is updated by alternating direction Multiplier Algorithmλn+1, seek Lagrangian formulation
" saddle point " i.e. Variation Model optimal solution；Each modal componentsMore new-standard cement such as formula (3) shown in:
In formula (3), k ∈ { 1, K },∑iui(t)=∑i≠kui(t)n+1；
Formula (3) is fourier transformed to obtain it in the expression formula of frequency domain by step S2.3:
Step S2.4 obtains the centre frequency of each IMF in the same wayWith Lagrange multiplier operator λ frequency domain more
New-standard cement such as formula (5) and formula (6):
In formula (6), τ is noise margin parameter；
Step S2.5 enables the initialization value in above-mentioned formulaN is 0, sets suitable positive integer K value；
And u is constantly updated according to formula (4)~(6)k、ωk, λ value, then stop iteration until meeting the condition of convergence in formula (7), it is no
Then continue iteration；
3. a kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
The step 4 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
The specific definition of step 4.1:VMD energy relative entropy is as shown in formula (8):
In above formula, P={ P1,P2,…Pn, Q={ Q1,Q2,…QnIndicate two probability distribution, when the two probability distribution are poor
Off course degree is bigger, then H (P, Q) is bigger, otherwise its difference degree is smaller, and H (P, Q) is smaller；
Step 4.2: then route LiDerivation of energy formula under h scale are as follows:
In formula, i is feeder line number, i=1,2 ... P；H is scale namely frequency band, h=1,2 ... K；K is IMF that VMD is decomposed
Number；N is sampled point, n=1,2 ... N；
Step 4.3: then to the gross energy of all outlets under scale h are as follows:
Step 4.4: route LiThe ratio of shared all outlet gross energies at scale h are as follows:
Step 4.5: according to above-mentioned opposite entropy theory route LiRelative to route LjEnergy relative entropy indicate are as follows:
Step 4.6: therefore available route LiMutual total VMD energy relative entropy with other each routes are as follows:
Wherein i, j=1,2 ... P are feeder line number, and i ≠ j.
4. a kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
Each IMF component uk(t) all there is centre frequency.
5. a kind of line fault selection method based on VMD energy relative entropy according to claim 2, which is characterized in that
Each IMF component uk(t) all have a finite bandwidth.
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